activation: (in biology) To turn on a switch, as in genes or chemical reactions.
amyotrophic lateral sclerosisor ALS: A disease that attacks motor nerve cells and progressively destroys them over time. These cells control the movement of many muscle groups. When motor neurons die, ALS patients lose the ability to speak, walk, and swallow. ALS is also sometimes called Lou Gehrig's disease, named after the 36-year-old baseball player who contracted the disease in 1939.
average: Term (in science) for arithmetic mean. The sum of a number group divided by the size of the group.
climate: In general, weather conditions that normally exist in an area or over a long period of time.
computer program: A set of instructions that a computer uses to perform some analysis or calculation. The creation of these instructions is known as computer programming.
context: a setting or situation that helps explain an event, some statement, or some conclusion.
decode: Translating a hidden or secret message into an understandable language.
electrode: A device used to conduct electricity and make contact with a nonmetallic part of an electrical circuit, or with something through which an electrical signal passes. (In electronics) Part of a semiconductor device (such as a transistor) that can emit or collect electrons (negative charge) or holes (positive charge), or whose movement can be controlled.
engineer: A person who uses science and mathematics to solve problems. As a verb, “engineering” means to design a device, material, or process that solves some problem or unmet need.
environment: The sum of everything that exists around an organism, or the processes and conditions produced by those things. Environment can also refer to the weather or ecosystem in which an animal lives, or the temperature and humidity (or the placement of objects near the item of interest).
implant: Devices manufactured to replace lost biological structures, support damaged biological structures, or strengthen existing biological structures. Examples include artificial hips, knees, and teeth. pacemakers; and insulin pumps used to treat diabetes. or any device that is surgically placed inside an animal to collect information about the individual (temperature, blood pressure, activity cycles, etc.).
model: A simulation (usually using a computer) of a real-world event developed to predict one or more possible outcomes. Or an individual whose purpose is to show how something works or looks like to another person.
logic: A type of tissue used to produce movement by contracting cells, known as muscle fibers. Muscle is rich in protein, so predatory species seek out prey that is rich in this tissue.
nerve: long, delicate fibers that transmit signals throughout an animal's body. There are many nerves in the animal's spine, some of which control the movement of the legs and fins, and some of which convey sensations such as hot, cold, and pain.
neuron: Major cell types of the nervous system: brain, spinal column, nerves. These specialized cells transmit information by generating, receiving, and conducting electrical signals. Neurons can also send signals to other cells using chemical messengers.
neuroscientist: A person who studies the structure and function of the brain and other parts of the nervous system.
new england: A term referring to states in the northeastern United States: Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont, and Maine.
phoneme: The smallest unit of speech, usually corresponding to how a consonant or vowel is pronounced. For example, “and” is made up of three phonemes, with each letter having a different phoneme. In some cases, a set of letters has one sound and therefore functions as one phoneme, such as “tz” in Blitzkrieg.
programming: (in computing) The use of a computer language to create or modify a set of instructions that causes a computer to do something. The set of instructions that do this is known as a computer program. The term is also used to describe the way something, such as a cell, is designed to function, similar to computer programming. A person who creates or modifies software is known as a programmer.
prosthesis: an adjective referring to a device developed to replace a lost body part. For example, a prosthetic limb may replace part of an arm or leg. These replacement parts typically replace tissue that is missing due to injury, disease, or birth defects.
robot: A machine that can sense its environment, process information, and respond with specific actions. Some robots can operate without human input, while others are guided by humans.
stress: (in psychology) a mental, physical, emotional, or behavioral response to an event or situation (stressor) that disrupts a person's or animal's normal state or places additional demands on the person or animal. . Psychological stress can be positive or negative. (in physics) the pressure or tension exerted on matter.
system: A network of parts that work together to accomplish some function. For example, blood, blood vessels, and the heart are the main components of the human body's circulatory system. Similarly, trains, platforms, tracks, road signals, and elevated tracks are among the potential components of a country's railway system. Systems can also apply to processes and ideas that are part of a method or ordered sequence of steps for completing a task.
technology: The application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry, or the devices, processes, and systems resulting from such efforts.
unique: Something different from others. The only one of its kind.
wave: A disturbance or fluctuation that travels through space or matter while vibrating regularly.
Source: www.snexplores.org
