Two Unexplained Enigmas: Haunting Neutrinos and the Enigma of Proton Decay

At some point in our lives, most of us learn that atoms are made up of three types of particles: neutrons, protons, and electrons. Each has different characteristics. Electrons and protons have opposite charges, but neutrons are completely devoid of charge. Electrons are also elementary particles and are not made up of other entities, while protons and neutrons are both composite particles, each made up of three quarks (quarks themselves are elementary).

From a categorical perspective, protons and…