Genome Sequencing by BlackBerry Researchers

Researchers at the University of Florida have successfully generated a chromosomal-scale genomic assembly for the spinless tetraploid blackberry BL1, which is primocanfluting. Their findings are expected to serve as crucial resources for accelerating genetic analysis in blackberries and fostering the development of new, enhanced varieties that improve horticultural and nutritional attributes.

Blackberries belong to the genus Rubus, subgenus Rubus (formerly subgenus Eubatus) within the Rose family.

These fruits are noted for their rich dark purple to deep black colors, complex fruit structures, and a delightful balance of tartness and sweetness.

Blackberry fruits are a significant source of anthocyanins, antioxidants, and dietary fiber, offering numerous health benefits to consumers.

In the last two decades, a surge in consumer interest has greatly expanded the market for fresh and processed blackberries in the United States and internationally.

As the fourth most economically significant berry crop in the U.S., the nation produced 16,850 metric tons of processed blackberries and 1,360 tons of fresh blackberries in 2017.

In 2021, the U.S. imported 122,873 metric tons of fresh blackberries and 16,738 tons of frozen blackberries, valued at $519 million and $43 million, respectively.

Global blackberry production is estimated to exceed 900,000 metric tons, playing a crucial role in the international berry market.

The ongoing development and introduction of improved varieties continue to drive consumer demand and enhance blackberry production worldwide.

“This new research not only deepens our understanding of blackberry genetics but also lays the groundwork for significant advancements in blackberry breeding techniques,” says Dr. Zhanao Deng, PhD, in the journal Horticulture Research.

“The ultimate goal is to create a superior, more resilient blackberry variety that benefits both growers and consumers globally.”

Utilizing a comprehensive collection of DNA sequences from the experimental BlackBerry BL1, Dr. Deng and his team meticulously calculated and reconstructed the original sequences across the blackberry genome.

It begins with recognizing that BL1 is a tetraploid fruit, which derives from a plant possessing four copies of each chromosome within its cells.

This characteristic results in twice as many chromosomes compared to typical diploid plants such as raspberries.

“Working with tetraploids is more complex than with diploids,” Dr. Deng remarked.

“The release of the tetraploid blackberry genome can facilitate more efficient and targeted breeding, ultimately enhancing fruit quality and leading to the creation of new varieties resilient to critical diseases.”

“The reference genome derived from this study will serve as a powerful tool for researchers working with blackberries.”

The genome assembly also unlocks insights into key traits such as the cultivation of spinless blackberry plants and the processes behind anthocyanin production, which influences the color and health benefits of the fruit.

“This discovery helps us understand why blackberries attain their distinctive deep purple/black hues over time and how we might potentially improve this process for more nutritious berries,” Dr. Deng added.

The team’s research is published in the journal Horticultural Research.

____

Dev Paudel et al. 2025. Chromosomal scale and haplotype-resolved genome assembly of tetraploid blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson). Horticultural Research 12 (6): UHAF052; doi: 10.1093/hr/uhaf052