atmosphere: Gas surrounding the Earth, an envelope of another planet or moon.
atom: The basic unit of chemical elements. Atoms are composed of dense nuclei containing positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons. The nucleus is orbited by clouds of negatively charged electrons.
calcium: Chemical elements and alkali metals that are common to the minerals and sea salts of the Earth’s crust. It is also found in bone minerals and teeth, and can play a role in the movement of certain substances in and out of cells.
Calcium carbonate: A rock made from the small shells of ancient marine life, a major compound in limestone. That formula is CACO3 (i.e. it contains one calcium atom, one carbon atom, and three oxygen atom). It is also an active ingredient in some antacids (used to neutralize stomach acid).
carbon: A chemical element that is the physical foundation of all life on Earth. Carbon exists freely as graphite and diamond. It is an important part of coal, limestone and petroleum, and can form molecules of chemical, chemical, biological, and commercial importance. The term carbon (in climate research) is sometimes used roughly interchangeably with carbon dioxide, implying the potential impact of any action, product, policy, or process on long-term atmospheric warming.
Carbon Cycle: A series of processes in which carbon-based molecules are naturally converted in the environment. For example, plants may occupy carbon dioxide (co2) Air and oxygen “exhausting.” Animals or microorganisms may then east feast on carbon-enriched plants. When these organisms die, their decay converts carbon into new carbon-based molecules, such as methane. When living things are heated and compressed for years, they can turn into oil, natural gas, and other “fossil fuels.” If it is later burned or released into the environment, the carbon atoms in the fuel will become available again and help form organisms.
carbon dioxide: (or co2) The colorless, odorless gas produced by all animals when oxygen is inhaled reacts with the carbon-rich foods they eat. Carbon dioxide is released when organic matter is burned (including fossil fuels such as oil and gas). Carbon dioxide functions as a greenhouse gas, trapping heat in the Earth’s atmosphere. Plants convert carbon dioxide into oxygen during photosynthesis. This is the process you use to make your own food.
Carbonate: A group of minerals that contain the ones that make up limestones containing carbon and oxygen.
Chemicals: A material formed from two or more atoms that integrate (bonds) in fixed proportions and structures. Water, for example, is a chemical created when two hydrogen atoms bond to one oxygen atom. The chemical formula is h2O. Chemicals are also adjectives for describing the properties of materials, which are the result of various reactions between different compounds.
climate: Weather conditions that exist in one area, generally, or over a long period of time.
I’ll solve it: Turn the solid into a liquid and disperse it in its starting liquid. (For example, solid sugar or salt crystals will dissolve in water. This will no longer contain crystals and the solution will become a fully dispersed mixture of liquid forms of sugar or salt in water.)
DNA: (short for deoxyribonucleic acid) A long, double-stranded, helical molecule within most living cells with genetic indications. It is built on the backbone of phosphorus, oxygen and carbon atoms. In all living things, from plants and animals to microorganisms, these instructions tell the cells which molecules to make.
element: Some larger structural components. (Chemistry) Each of more than 100 substances, each with a smallest unit of a single atom. Examples include hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, lithium and uranium.
engineer: People who use science and mathematics to solve problems. As a verb, an engineer means designing a device, material, or process that solves some problems or unmet needs.
eruption: (In Earth Science) sudden bursts or sprays of hot material from deep inside the planet or moon will pass through its surface. Volcanic eruptions on Earth usually send hot lava, hot gas, or ashes into the air and surrounding land. In cold parts of the solar system, eruptions often involve blowing away liquid water through cracks in the icy crust. This occurs in Enceladus, the ice-covered moon of Saturn.
forest: Areas of land covered primarily with trees and other woody plants.
fossil: A preserved body or trace of ancient life. There are many different types of fossils. Dinosaur bones and other body parts are called “body fossils.” Something like a footprint is called “minor fossils.” Even dinosaur poop specimens are fossils. The process of fossil formation is called fossilization.
Fossil fuels: Fuels – Fuels, such as coal, oil (crude oil), natural gas, have developed within the planet for millions of years from corrupt ruins of bacteria, plants or animals.
fuel: A material that releases energy during controlled chemistry or nuclear reactions. Fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, oil) are the common type of energy released through chemical reactions that occur during heating (usually until they burn).
greenhouse: A bright structure that often includes windows as a material for the walls and ceiling where plants are grown. It provides a controlled environment where you can apply a set amount of water, humidity and nutrients, and prevents pests from entering.
Greenhouse effect: Global warming of the Earth’s atmosphere due to the accumulation of heat-confined gases such as carbon dioxide and methane. Scientists call these pollutants greenhouse gases. The greenhouse effect can occur in small environments as well. For example, when a car is left in the sun, the incoming sunlight can turn into heat, trapped inside, and instantly put indoor temperatures as a health risk.
molecule: An electrically neutral group of atoms representing the amount of a possible amount of a compound. Molecules can be made of a single type of atom or of different types. For example, oxygen in the air is made up of two oxygen atoms (o2), but water is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2o).
Biology: Any kind of living organism, from elephants and plants to bacteria and other types of single life.
photosynthesis: (Verb: Photosynthesis) The process by which green plants and other organisms use sunlight to produce food from carbon dioxide and water.
planet: A large celestial object that orbits stars but unlike stars, does not produce visible light.
sea: Ocean (or an area that is part of the ocean). Unlike lakes and streams, seawater – or saltwater is salty.
Shale: Fine-grained sedimentary rocks created for millions of years by compressing layers of clay-rich sediment.
shell: Something normally stiff, protective outer cover. It can cover mollusks and crustaceans (such as mussels and crabs), bird eggs, or other relatively soft tissues that need protection (such as wood nuts and peanuts).
Organization:Created from cells is either a distinct type of material that makes up an animal, plant, or fungus. Cells within tissues act as units to perform specific functions in organisms. For example, different organs of the human body are often made from different types of tissue.
Source: www.snexplores.org