antibody: Proteins produced by B cells in the body that are released into the blood as part of the immune response. Antibodies are created when the body encounters an antigen, a foreign substance. These antibodies bind to antigens to help neutralize bacteria and other foreign substances.
arctic: Region within the Arctic Circle defined by the northernmost point where the sun is visible on the winter solstice and the southernmost point where the midnight sun is visible on the summer solstice. The Arctic Highlands make up the northernmost third of this region, which is covered in snow for most of the year.
bacteria: Single-celled organisms that are found all over Earth, from the depths of the ocean to inside other living organisms. Bacteria belong to one of the three realms of life on Earth.
biologist: Scientists engaged in biological research.
canine teeth: Pointed teeth in mammals that separate the incisors from the premolars. Canine teeth are especially long in carnivores, which are part of the canid family, including dogs, wolves, and foxes.
chemicals: Substances formed when two or more atoms combine in a specific ratio and structure. Chemistry can describe the properties of materials resulting from various compound reactions.
climate: Weather conditions that typically exist in an area over an extended period of time.
climate change: Significant long-term alterations in Earth’s climate, which can occur naturally or due to human activities like burning fossil fuels.
colleague: A person who works with others, often as part of a team.
diet: Foods and liquids that animals consume to obtain necessary nutrients for growth and health.
ecologist: Scientists studying the relationships between living organisms and their physical environment.
environment: Everything existing around an organism or the conditions and processes produced by those elements.
germ: Single-celled microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, and viruses that can cause disease.
habitat: Natural environments where animals and plants typically live, ranging from deserts to coral reefs.
immune system: Collection of cells and reactions that aid the body in fighting infections and dealing with foreign substances.
get infected: Process of spreading disease from one organism to another by introducing disease-causing bacteria.
insight: Deep understanding of a situation gained through thinking rather than experimentation.
life cycle: Series of stages an organism goes through from growth to reproduction to aging and death.
mammalian: Animals characterized by having hair or fur, producing milk for young, and giving birth to live offspring.
marker: Substance acting as a sign for a disease, contaminant, or event.
native: Plants or animals naturally occurring in a specific location, adapted to that environment.
parasite: Organism that benefits from another species (host) but causes harm to the host.
pathogen: Microorganisms causing disease.
population: Group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area.
prey: Species of animal consumed by others or the act of attacking and consuming other species.
ratio: Relationship between components in a mixture, such as the proportion of apples to oranges in a bag.
range: Total extent or distribution of something, like the habitat of a plant or animal.
ratio: Relationship between two numbers or quantities represented by a colon, indicating the proportion of one to the other.
risk: Probability of something negative happening or the danger itself.
sea: Ocean or a part of the ocean with salty water.
serum: Blood component lacking blood cells or clotting chemicals.
seed: Organisms capable of survival and reproduction.
survival: Reliance on natural environment to meet life’s basic needs for nutrients and resources.
investigation: Observation, measurement, or evaluation of a subject, often involving data collection from various sources.
United States Geological Survey: Largest non-military agency in the U.S. responsible for mapping water, earth, and living resources to monitor ecosystem health and natural disasters.
virus: Small infectious particle consisting of genetic material surrounded by proteins, requiring host cells for replication.
Source: www.snexplores.org
