calcium: A chemical element and alkali metal commonly found in minerals in the earth's crust and sea salt. It is also found in bone minerals and teeth and plays a role in the movement of certain substances in and out of cells.
cell: (biology) The smallest structural and functional unit of an organism. Usually too small to be seen with the naked eye and composed of a watery fluid surrounded by a membrane or wall. Animals are composed of thousands to trillions of cells, depending on their size. Most organisms, such as yeasts, molds, bacteria, and some algae, are composed of only a single cell.
hormone: (zoology and medicine) Chemicals made by glands and carried in the bloodstream to other parts of the body. Hormones control many important bodily activities, including growth. Hormones work by causing or controlling chemical reactions in the body. (botany) Chemicals that act as signaling compounds that tell plant cells when and how to grow or when to age and die.
information: (as opposed to data) A fact provided about something or someone, or a trend learned, often as a result of the study of data.
Nervous systemA network of nerve cells and nerve fibers that transmit signals between parts of the body.
PhysiologistA scientist who studies the branch of biology that deals with how a healthy organism's body functions under normal circumstances.
sensor: A device that obtains information about physical or chemical conditions, such as temperature, air pressure, salinity, humidity, pH, light intensity, or radiation, and stores or transmits that information. Scientists and engineers often rely on sensors to learn about conditions that may change over time or that are far from where the researcher can measure them directly. (biology) A structure used by living organisms to sense properties of their environment, such as heat, wind, chemicals, moisture, trauma, or predator attack.
system: A network of parts working together to accomplish some function. For example, blood, blood vessels, and the heart are the main components of the human body's circulatory system. Similarly, trains, platforms, tracks, road signals, and overpasses are some of the potential components of a country's rail system. System can also apply to a process or idea that is part of some way or ordered series of steps to complete a task.
tasteOne of the basic properties that the body uses to sense the environment, especially food, using receptors (taste buds) on the tongue (and other organs).
Taste buds: A collection of about 50 to 100 taste receptors on the tongues of land animals. When certain chemicals in foods and other substances trigger a response in these receptors, the brain detects one or more of five tastes: sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami. A collection of about 50 to 100 taste receptors on the tongues of land animals. When certain chemicals in foods and other substances trigger a response in these receptors, the brain detects one or more of five tastes: sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami.
trachea: A tubular structure that carries air from the throat to the lungs in vertebrates. In mammals, rings of cartilage strengthen this structure, forming what is called the trachea.
Source: www.snexplores.org
