Lightning is one of nature’s most spectacular phenomena. Watching it can be exciting, but being shocked by it is something you definitely want to avoid.
In thunderstorm (cumulonimbus) clouds, ice crystals and hail collide, causing the base of the cloud to become negatively charged. On the other hand, the ground above and below the cloud carry a positive charge.
When the negative and positive charges build up, a massive spark of electricity, or lightning, is released and can strike nearby clouds or anything on the ground. The temperature of lightning can be as high as 30,000°C (54,000°F), which is five times the surface temperature of the sun. Being struck by lightning can result in severe burns in addition to an electric shock.
If you notice your hair standing on end, it may be a sign that lightning is about to strike. Experts recommend crouching down with your hands on your knees and your head between them if you are outdoors in an open space. Taking shelter under a tree is not safe as trees are more likely to be hit and can catch fire or splinter.
To stay safe, check the weather forecast beforehand and seek shelter in a building or car if you hear thunder. Make sure all windows and doors are closed to minimize the risk of danger.
This article addresses the question asked by Davina Orr via email: “Can you tell when you’re about to be struck by lightning?”
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