If you have ever set a goal to change your appearance, know that you are not alone. Approximately 43% of UK adults aim to lose weight. For some, this goal may lead to more extreme methods such as cosmetic or plastic surgery.
However, when does this desire for self-improvement become problematic? About 3% of the general population may develop a condition known as body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), where individuals have a constant urge to alter their physical appearance.
Individuals with BDD perceive significant flaws or defects in their appearance that may not be as noticeable to others. For example, Rebecca, a 36-year-old woman, believes she has a “moon face” due to acne scars, while Tyson, a 17-year-old, works out excessively because he feels too skinny. Despite reassurances from others, they continue to struggle with their self-perception.
BDD is not a new phenomenon and has been recognized since 1891. Factors such as genetics, brain function, and adverse childhood experiences can contribute to the development of BDD. Society’s focus on appearance can exacerbate this condition, as attractive individuals often receive social advantages.
Social media has also played a role in heightening BDD prevalence, with filters, editing tools, and curated content leading to unrealistic beauty standards. Excessive social media use has been linked to increased BDD symptoms and a desire for cosmetic procedures.
People with BDD often engage in extreme behaviors to alter their appearance, such as mirror gazing, excessive grooming, or seeking cosmetic treatments. However, studies have shown that cosmetic surgery may not provide lasting relief for individuals with BDD, and their symptoms may worsen post-surgery.
Cognitive behavioral therapy with exposure and response prevention (CBT-ERP) is a recommended treatment for BDD, offering relief for up to 70% of individuals. It is essential for cosmetic surgeons to identify BDD in patients before performing procedures to prevent further distress.
Instead of fixating on appearance, individuals can focus on engaging in hobbies, limiting mirror time, and taking breaks from social media to improve self-esteem. Developing a broader sense of self-worth beyond physical appearance is key to overcoming BDD.
*Names and descriptions do not reflect actual clients.
Source: www.sciencefocus.com
