Arctic: Area included in the Arctic Circle. The edges of that circle are defined as the northernmost point where the sun is visible on the northern winter solstice and the southernmost point where the midnight sun is visible on the northern summer solstice. The Arctic Highlands are the northernmost third of the region. The area is covered in snow for most of the year.
Arctic: The northernmost point where the sun can be seen on the northern winter solstice, and the southernmost point where the midnight sun can be seen on the northern summer solstice.
biodiversity: (abbreviation for biological diversity) The number and diversity of species found within a local geographic area.
biology:Study of living things. The scientists who study them are known as biologist.
cell: (in biology) the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism. They are usually too small to be seen with the naked eye and consist of a watery fluid surrounded by a membrane or wall. Depending on their size, animals are made up of thousands to trillions of cells. Most living organisms, such as yeast, molds, bacteria, and some algae, are made up of only one cell.
climate change: Significant long-term changes in Earth’s climate. It can occur naturally or in response to human activities such as burning fossil fuels or deforestation.
clone: An exact copy (or what appears to be an exact copy) of some physical object. (In biology) An organism that has exactly the same genes as another organism, such as identical twins. Often, especially in plants, cells from existing organisms are used to create clones. Cloning is also a term that refers to producing offspring that are genetically identical to some “parent” organism. (v.) To make an exact copy of any physical object.
conservation: The act of preserving or protecting something. The focus of this work ranges from fine art to endangered species and other aspects of the natural environment.
crops: (in agriculture) a type of plant that is intentionally cultivated and cultivated by farmers, such as corn, coffee, and tomatoes. Alternatively, the term may be applied to the part of a plant that is harvested and sold by a farmer.
DNA: (abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid) A long, double-stranded, helical molecule that is present in most living cells and carries genetic instructions. It is built on a skeleton of phosphorus, oxygen, and carbon atoms. In all living things, from plants and animals to microorganisms, these instructions tell cells which molecules to make.
ecology: The branch of biology that deals with the relationships between living things and their physical environment. Scientists working in this field are called ecologists.
ecosystem: A group of organisms (including microorganisms, plants, and animals) and their physical environment that interact within a particular climate. Examples include tropical coral reefs, rainforests, alpine meadows, and polar tundra. The term can also be applied to elements that make up artificial environments, such as businesses, classrooms, and the Internet.
egg: A reproductive cell that contains half of the genetic information needed to form a complete organism. In humans and many other animals, the ovaries produce eggs. When an egg fuses with a sperm, they combine to produce a new cell called a zygote. This is the first step in the development of new organisms.
endangered species: an adjective used to describe a species at risk of extinction.
extinct: (n. extinction) An adjective describing a species that has no living members.
fibroblast: A type of cell found in connective tissue. Produces and releases proteins important for wound healing.
immunity: (adjective) having something to do with immunity. (v.) Can prevent certain infectious diseases. Alternatively, the term can be used to mean that an organism does not exhibit any effects from exposure to a particular toxicant or process. More generally, the term may indicate that something cannot be harmed by a certain drug, disease, or chemical.
lava: Molten rock that comes out of volcanoes from the mantle through the Earth’s crust.
livestock: Animals raised for meat and dairy products, such as cows, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens, and geese.
of the moon: of or relating to the Earth’s moon.
marine biologist: Scientists who study creatures that live in seawater, from bacteria and shellfish to kelp and whales.
microgravity: Gravity, which is only a fraction of the force exerted at the surface of the Earth’s oceans.
melted: A term used to describe molten substances, such as the liquid rock that makes up lava.
living thing: All living things, from elephants and plants to bacteria and other types of single-celled organisms.
permafrost: Soil that remains frozen for at least two consecutive years. This situation typically occurs in polar climates where the average annual temperature remains near or below freezing.
physics: Scientific study of the nature and nature of matter and energy. Classical physics explains the nature and nature of matter and energy based on descriptions such as Newton’s laws of motion. Quantum physics, a field of study that emerged later, is a way to more precisely describe the motion and behavior of matter. Scientists who work in such fields are known as physicists.
pollinator: A substance that carries pollen, which is the male reproductive cell of a plant, to the female part of a flower and enables fertilization. Many pollinators are insects such as bees.
population: (in biology) a group of individuals (of the same species) living in a particular area.
prototype: A first or early model of a device, system, or product that still needs to be completed.
radiation: (in physics) one of the three main ways energy is transferred. (The other two are conduction and convection.) In radiation, electromagnetic waves carry energy from one place to another. Unlike conduction and convection, which require matter to help transfer energy, radiation can transfer energy throughout empty space.
risk: The probability or mathematical probability that something bad will happen. For example, exposure to radiation poses a risk of cancer. Or danger, or danger itself. (for example: The cancer risks people faced included drinking water contaminated with radiation and arsenic.. )
seed: A group of similar organisms that can survive and produce offspring that can reproduce.
sperm: A reproductive cell that contains half of the genetic information needed to form a complete organism. In humans and many other animals, the testes produce sperm. When a sperm fuses with an egg, the two join together to produce a new cell called a zygote. This is the first step in the development of new organisms.
stem cells: A “blank slate” cell that can give rise to other types of cells in the body. Stem cells play an important role in tissue regeneration and repair.
system: A network of parts that work together to accomplish some function. For example, blood, blood vessels, and the heart are the main components of the human body’s circulatory system. Similarly, trains, platforms, tracks, road signals, and elevated tracks are among the potential components of a country’s railway system. Systems can also apply to processes and ideas that are part of a method or ordered sequence of steps for completing a task.
blackmailed: (in conservation biology) A designation given to a species at high risk of extinction. However, these species are not as at risk as species considered “threatened.”
organization: Made of cells, the various types of substances that make up animals, plants, and fungi. Cells within tissues function as units to perform specific functions in living organisms. For example, different organs in the human body are often made from many different types of tissue.
Source: www.snexplores.org
