application: a specific use or function of something.
atom: Basic unit of chemical elements. Atoms consist of a dense nucleus containing positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons. The nucleus of an atom is orbited by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.
cell: (in biology) the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism. They are usually too small to be seen with the naked eye and consist of a watery fluid surrounded by a membrane or wall. Depending on their size, animals are made up of thousands to trillions of cells. Most living organisms, such as yeast, molds, bacteria, and some algae, are made up of only one cell.
chemicals: A substance formed when two or more atoms combine (combine) in a certain ratio and structure. For example, water is a chemical produced when two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom. Its chemical formula is H2O. Chemistry can also be used as an adjective to describe the properties of materials that result from various reactions between different compounds.
chemical reaction: A process that involves a rearrangement of the molecules or structure of a substance rather than a change in physical form (such as from a solid to a gas).
chemistry: The field of science that deals with the composition, structure, and properties of matter and how they interact. Scientists use this knowledge to study unknown materials, reproduce useful materials in large quantities, and design and create new and useful materials. (of compounds) Chemistry is also used as a term to refer to a recipe for a compound, a method for making it, or some of its properties. People who work in this field are known as chemists.
crystal: (adjective: crystalline) A solid consisting of a symmetrical, regular three-dimensional arrangement of atoms or molecules. This is the organized structure that most minerals take. For example, apatite forms hexahedral crystals. The crystalline components of rocks are usually too small to be seen with the naked eye.
data: Facts and/or statistics collected together for analysis. They are not necessarily organized in a way that gives them meaning. For digital information (the type stored by computers), these data are typically numbers stored in binary code and represented as strings of 0’s and 1’s.
laser: A device that produces an intense beam of coherent light of a single color. Lasers are used for drilling and cutting, alignment and guidance, data storage, and surgery.
magnetic: Attraction, or force, produced by certain substances called magnets or by the movement of electric charges.
molecule: An electrically neutral group of atoms that represents the smallest possible amount of a compound. Molecules can be made up of a single type of atom or different types of atoms. For example, oxygen in air has two oxygen atoms (O2) However, water has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2O).
nobel prize: A prestigious award named after Alfred Nobel. Nobel, best known as the inventor of dynamite, was a wealthy man when he died on December 10, 1896. In his will, Nobel left much of his fortune to award prizes to those who have done the best for humanity in the field of physics. chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. The winner will receive a medal and a large cash prize.
organ: (in biology) different parts of an organism that perform one or more specific functions. For example, the ovaries are the organs that make eggs, the brain is the organ that understands nerve signals, and the roots of plants are the organs that take in nutrients and water.
physics: Scientific study of the nature and properties of matter and energy. Classical physics explains the nature and properties of matter and energy based on descriptions such as Newton’s laws of motion. Quantum physics, a field of study that emerged later, is a way to more precisely describe the motion and behavior of matter. Scientists who work in such fields are known as physicists.
quantum: (pl. quanta) A term referring to the smallest amount of anything, especially energy or particle mass.
quantum dot: Nanoparticles of semiconductor materials (meaning those with dimensions measured on the scale of billionths of a meter). It can be inserted into cells, organisms, or electronic materials and used as a label (tag) or to turn on or trigger some function (such as producing a sterilizing chemical).
quantum physics: A field of physics that uses quantum theory to explain or predict how physical systems behave at the scale of atoms or subatomic particles.
range: the total extent or distribution of something. For example, a plant or animal’s habitat is the area in which it naturally occurs.
semiconductor:A substance that can conduct electricity. Semiconductors are important components of certain new electronic technologies, such as computer chips and light-emitting diodes.
Source: www.snexplores.org
