We Are Not Machines



By Sarah O’Connor, published by Allen Lane (UK) and Godine (US, releasing August 11th)

Fans of translated films may have noticed a significant change in the quality of subtitles on streaming platforms. While they convey meaning, they often lack depth and richness.

“I grasp the meaning, but what about the nuance? The language feels flat,” Czech translator Petr Čermok shared with Sarah O’Connor. In We Are Not Machines, O’Connor discusses how artificial intelligence is reshaping our work environments.

This decline in linguistic richness typically stems from streaming services leveraging AI for script translations, which are subsequently refined by professional translators like Čermok. Unfortunately, agencies anticipate faster turnaround, often at the expense of translators’ compensation.

This evolving landscape complicates the job for translators, as they must simultaneously review both the original text and AI-generated translations, demanding greater effort, yet diminishing job satisfaction. “The work has become tedious, bland, and lifeless,” laments Čermok.

O’Connor, in her insightful book, reveals an emerging reality: we’re progressively adapting to an AI-centric future. The prevailing narrative suggests that AI will replace human translators, yet O’Connor argues, as highlighted by the Financial Times, that the lifeless translations represent our adaptations to an AI-driven era rather than a one-sided transformation.

O’Connor’s key argument is not solely about the impending takeover of jobs by AI, but rather that we are already adjusting our behaviors to conform to AI standards. This ranges from accepting inferior products such as poorly translated scripts to striving to align our capabilities with workplace AI, all while often feeling inadequate. “It feels like we’ve somehow lost faith in ourselves,” writes O’Connor.

O’Connor’s book elucidates how this form of distortion impacts multiple industries, often to bewildering extents. There are stories of employers unable to recruit talented interns due to poor performance on AI-generated assessments or copywriters witnessing a drop in their articles’ search rankings because algorithms mistakenly categorize their work as AI-generated. In such scenarios, writers may need to employ a ‘humanizer’ tool to infuse their content with a more human touch, adding intentional grammatical and semantic errors. O’Connor questions if this is truly the future we aspire to—one that “damages and distorts the essence of our communication.”

Insights on AI’s implications are missing from tech executives; O’Connor specifically opts to center the narrative around employees outside Silicon Valley. She shares stories from individuals globally, from Swedish miners to operators of self-driving trucks in the United States.

O’Connor highlights a long-standing trend where employers desire mechanistic behaviors from employees. In 1911, management consultant Frederick Winslow Taylor implemented a system that stripped factory workers of autonomy by dictating how and when tasks should be completed.

However, AI has accelerated this shift. The book features a case study of Maria, a teleworker in Costa Rica, tasked with identifying missed items in Amazon recording videos. Over a nine-hour shift, she views around 1,200 ten-second clips, where her boss demands 99.9% accuracy with a limit of three mistakes across 8,000 videos. “They expect machine-like precision, which is simply unachievable,” Maria states.

Nonetheless, not everything revolves around downside; O’Connor recounts her visit to a Swedish mine where self-driving trucks have enhanced miners’ productivity and safety. Here, the presence of a robust trade union ensured that workers had a say in how AI would be integrated into their roles. Staff opposed real-time tracking of their movements, leading to anonymization for privacy.

Yet the struggle for justice remains complex. The book’s subtitle, “The Fight for the Future of Work,” often reads like intriguing feature stories rather than offering clear solutions. Perhaps, O’Connor suggests, the key lies in nurturing fundamental human values. “The real peril,” she asserts, “isn’t about creating machines in our image but subtly reshaping ourselves in theirs.”

O’Connor provides actionable recommendations for engaging in this struggle. Workers should get involved in how AI is implemented in their fields at the onset. For instance, Hollywood writers proactively discussed AI’s role in their work while still holding clout, contrasting with translators who were slower to resist. Collective efforts, such as joining unions, are also emphasized.

For a less serious reflection on AI, check out Joanna Stern’s book,
I Am Not a Robot
. Stern, a former technology columnist for the Wall Street Journal, narrates her year-long encounter with AI across various tasks, from dental care to cooking. While an insightful introduction to AI, it sometimes strays off course with humor that can undermine the seriousness of its themes, like AI’s environmental impact.

Interestingly, even after a year of AI incorporation into her life, Stern echoes O’Connor’s conclusion: we must collaborate with AI rather than fall under its authority. “The moment we let AI dominate our thoughts, we start to lose control and stagnate,” Stern warns. As we navigate this AI evolution, such insights remain critical.

Tom Knowles is a technology and business journalist based in London.

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The Infinity Machine
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Empire of AI
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