Webb Marks 3rd Anniversary with Stunning Cat Paw Star Photos

To celebrate the remarkable advancements in science during the third year, astronomers have utilized the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope to capture images of the Cat’s Paw Nebula.



This web image depicts the Cat’s Paw Nebula, a significant star-forming region located 5,500 light years from the constellation Scorpio. Image credits: NASA/ESA/CSA/STSCI.

The Cat’s Paw Nebula resides in the southern constellation of Scorpio and is approximately 5,500 light years from Earth.

First identified in 1837 by British astronomer John Herschel, this dynamic star-forming region spans an estimated 80 to 90 light years.

Also known as NGC 6334 or the Bear Claw Nebula, it is one of the most vibrant stellar nurseries in the night sky, producing thousands of young, hot stars that emit light not visible from our perspective.

Recent images captured by Webb’s NIRCam instrument reveal structural details and functionalities previously unseen.

“Massive young stars are actively interacting with nearby gas and dust, and their bright stellar light produces a luminous, hazy glow, represented in blue,” Webb astronomers stated.

“This scenario illustrates a transient period where a destructive young star plays a significant role in the broader narrative of the region, characterized by relatively short lifespans and high luminosity.”

“Due to the dynamic activities of these massive stars, the local star formation process will eventually come to a halt.”

“We begin with a central area identified as the ‘opera house’ because of its hierarchical circulatory structure,” they noted.

“The principal sources of the blue glow in this area are likely positioned towards the bottom, obscured by dense brown dust, interspersed with light from bright, yellowish stars or nearby sources.”

“Beneath the orange-brown dust lies a bright yellow star displaying distinct diffraction spikes.”

“This giant star is sculpting its surrounding environment but has not managed to push gas and dust away sufficiently nor create a compact shell of surrounding material.”

“Take note of smaller regions, such as the tuning fork-shaped area adjacent to the opera house, which contains fewer stars.”

“These seemingly vacant zones are still in the process of forming stars, indicating the presence of dense filaments of dust that obscure the light of background stars.”

At the center of the image, small, fiery red masses can be seen scattered within the brown dust.

“These glowing red sources highlight areas where large-scale star formation is occurring, albeit in a less visible manner,” the researchers explained.

“Some of the blue-white stars, particularly in the lower left area, appear more sharply resolved than others.”

“This sharper appearance is attributed to the material between the star and the telescope being diffused by the star’s radiation.”

Near the bottom of this area is a compact dust filament.

“These small dust aggregates have managed to survive the intense radiation, indicating they are dense enough to give rise to protostars.”

The small yellow section on the right marks the location of a massive star still in its formative stages, managing to shine through the intervening material.

Numerous small yellow stars are scattered across the scene, displaying distinct diffraction spikes.

“The bright blue-white stars prominently feature in the foreground of this web image, with some possibly being part of the larger Cat’s Paw Nebula region.”

A particularly striking feature of this web image is the bright red-orange oval shape located in the top right corner.

The low concentration of background stars indicates it is a dense area where the star-forming process has only recently commenced.

Several visible stars are distributed throughout the region, contributing to the illumination of central materials.

Some of the developing stars have left behind traces of their existence, such as the shock wave visible in the lower left area.

Source: www.sci.news

Robot Dog Masters opening door with paw

A machine learning model figured out how to keep the robot stable on three legs while opening a door with one leg.

Philip Arm, Mayank Mittal, Hendrik Kolvenbach, Marco Hutter/Robot Systems Laboratory

The robot dog can open doors, press buttons, and pick up backpacks with one leg while balancing on its other three legs.

Quadruped robots like Spot, the star of Boston Dynamics' viral video, typically require arms attached to their bodies to open doors or lift objects, which adds significantly to their weight. This can make it difficult for the robot to maneuver through tight spaces. .

philip arm Researchers at ETH Zurich in Switzerland used a machine learning model to teach an off-the-shelf robotic dog to perform tasks using one of its legs while remaining stationary or moving with the other three. I taught you to do it.

“We can't do everything with our legs that we can do with our arms. We're much more dexterous with our hands at the moment. But what's really important is making this work in applications where there are mass constraints, or in robots. “The idea is to make this work in applications where you don’t want the added complexity, such as space exploration, where every kilogram counts,” Arm says.

To train the dog, the ANYmal robot from ANYbotics, Arm and his team gave the machine learning model the goal of finding a specific point in space on one of the robot's legs. The model then took control of his remaining three legs and independently worked out how to keep the robot balanced when standing and walking.

Arm and his team can now remotely control the robot to perform actions such as picking up backpacks and putting them in boxes, or collecting rocks. Currently, the robot can only perform these tasks when controlled by a human, but Arm hopes future improvements will allow the dog to autonomously manipulate objects with its paws.

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Source: www.newscientist.com