In an article published on March 18 in the Journal Acta Paleontology Polonica, paleontologists have unveiled an exciting discovery: a new species of harvestman identified from two Eocene amber pieces originating from Ukraine and the Baltic Sea region.
Reconstruction of Balticolasma Wunderlichi by artist Joshua Knüppe.
The newly identified harvestman is the first known member of the subfamily Ortholasmatinae found in the fossil record.
This species, named Balticolasma Wunderlichi, thrived in Europe approximately 35 million years ago during the Eocene epoch.
“The Ortholasmatinae subfamily contains some of the most visually striking modern harvestmen, characterized by complex and branched eye tubercles and unique dorsal microcarvings known as keel cells,” remarked paleontologist Christian Bartel from the Bavarian State Collection of Natural History and his colleagues.
“Currently, there are seven extant genera with 27 described species, each exhibiting distinct distributions.”
Balticolasma Wunderlichi was identified based on two specimens: a suspected female from Rovno amber in northwestern Ukraine and a male specimen preserved in Baltic Sea amber.
The fossils originated from private collections in Germany (Baltic Sea specimen) and Lithuania (Rovno specimen) and are currently housed at the Berlin Museum of Nature.
“The discovery of Ortholasmatinae harvestmen in European amber deposits was surprising. This group is no longer present in Europe today,” stated Dr. Bartel.
“Their relatives now inhabit only East Asia and North and Central America.”
“Clearly, during the Eocene epoch, about 35 million years ago, these harvesters had a much broader distribution across the Northern Hemisphere than they do today.”
Balticolasma Wunderlichi Female from Rovno Amber. Image credit: Bartel et al., doi: 10.4202/app.01283.2025.
Researchers employed high-resolution synchrotron microtomography to meticulously reconstruct the anatomy of Balticolasma Wunderlichi.
The scans revealed a small, flat body, measuring less than 3mm long, adorned with rows of tubercles and a distinctive forward-protruding hood-like structure.
“Some of its morphological features align closely with existing Asian genera,” the scientists observed.
This study underscores the scientific significance of amber deposits in the Baltic and Rovno regions.
The discovery enriches the catalog of known harvestman species preserved in these ambers, offering new insights for reconstructing the evolutionary tree of the group.
“Baltic amber is renowned for its exceptional fossil diversity, frequently revealing species that no longer exist in Europe today,” noted paleontologist Dr. Jason Dunlop from the Berlin Museum of Nature.
“The discovery of a new harvestman species in Ukraine once again illustrates the likely similarities between the harvestman fauna in both regions.”
“With this new addition, the number of harvestman species found in Baltic Sea amber rises to 19, while the number from ancient Ukrainian Rovno amber increases to seven. Six species have been documented in both locations.”
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C. Bartel et al. 2026. 3D analysis of ortholasmatine, first recovered from European Eocene amber. Acta Paleontology Polonica 71 (1): 95-107; doi: 10.4202/app.01283.2025
a400 employees of GSC Game World, the creator of the hit video game “Stalker,” gathered in its Kiev office in January 2022, most of them in front of a strange bus parked around the corner. I didn't even notice it. As tensions with our neighbors across the border rise, those heading to their offices covered in frost feel like this: largely usually. routine. Or so they told themselves. As whispers of war spread throughout the country, constant reassurances from business partners and President Zelenskiy made it seem foolish to worry. They were told that life would continue as usual.
After a few weeks, their fears were no longer so foolish. On February 24, 2022, at 4 a.m. local time, Russian forces crossed the border and invaded Ukraine from the north, east, and south, shelling more than a dozen cities and killing 40 Ukrainian soldiers in 24 hours. . The bombs fell hard and fast, destroying a building less than a mile from the GSC offices. Fortunately, those eerie blackout buses had sprung into action a week earlier, taking more than 200 GSC employees and their families to the Ukrainian border town of Uzhgorod.
“We were preparing for the next [the war] About a month and a half,” says Evgeny Grigorovich, game director and CEO of GSC Game World. “The drivers were sitting there 24 hours a day, every day, and no one noticed.”
“This game can reach a lot of people and show that Ukraine makes world-leading products.”…Stalker 2: In the Heart of Chernobyl. Photo: GSC Game World
Although he still received assurances that Russia would not invade, Grigorovich's guts were screaming at him to flee. “One day, we had a big meeting and told the teams that we believed there was a very good chance that war would break out, and that they and their families could go. [across the border] If they want. It's hard to make this decision when almost everyone says it's okay. do not worry. 'But we didn't want to put our team at risk. We weren't worried about business or what was going on in the game. They had to save as many people as possible. ”
For the past 13 years, GSC has been hard at work developing the globally anticipated direct sequel to the 2007 cult classic Stalker: Shadow of Chernobyl, which sold 4 million copies. The game is an apocalyptic survival game set in the aftermath of his second Chernobyl disaster in war-torn Ukraine. This is an alternate history, but one that is distressingly close to reality for Ukrainians. In March 2022, Russian forces captured the still-occupied Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, raising very real concerns about a nuclear disaster related to the fighting. GSC's fiction was beginning to blur with reality.
“It's better to be there than at home”…GSC Game World's new office in Prague. Photo: GSC Game World
GSC is relocating around 700 people, including their families, and the final paperwork was completed just one day before Russian forces entered the ground. He was only allowed one suitcase per family, and it only took him three hours to get important technology out of the office, so he had little time to figure out what was going on. One of her members on the human resources team gave birth during the active phase of the invasion, and other staff members were already grieving loved ones who had died before reaching their destination. “Fortunately, we had the opportunity to start moving before the war started. But we didn't expect everything to be so cruel and so tough.”
It is estimated that more than 500,000 people have been killed or injured since the war began. The bloody conflict shows no signs of abating, with 170 GSC employees remaining in Ukraine.
“Some people were in the position of joining the army and standing on the front lines when the war started. And that's what they did. They immediately began defending our country. We pay them because they are still our employees and their military salary is not enough to cover everything. We are still helping them as much as we can. ”
One of the first to go to the forefront was Volodymyr Yezhov, the series' long-time designer. Yezhov, who was serving as a volunteer in the UVO company, was killed in action on December 22, 2022, during a battle near Bakhmut.
“It's impossible to imagine,” says Grigorovich, shaking his head. “Your friends say they will stay in your country to fight the war, but some of their friends died there. This war should not exist.”
Like many Ukrainians, GSC workers are forced to accept this pain as part of their daily lives. Some developers replaced their keyboards with Kalashnikovs, while others continued to work on his Stalker 2 remotely from GSC's Kiev office or from all over Ukraine. For those still in Kiev, offices have become a haven.
“It's really difficult to make games during a war,” said a member of the GSC team in Prague. Photo: GSC Game World
“We made this a shelter and tried to look as beautiful as possible so that people felt as safe as possible,” Grigorovich said. “They play music, they have guitars, and we have books in there. We have one big floor for a motion capture studio, and we turned it into a kids area. We have mocap equipment. It's so full and so soft that it's now a place to bring toys.
“This winter there was heavy shelling and fighting, and there were frequent power outages. So we built a large generator. Also, the office always has electricity and hot water, so everyone can bring their relatives. We also created a corner, so it’s better to be there than at home.”
It may be hard to understand why these developers continue to code video games in conflict zones, but for many, Stalker 2 is their life's work. After leaving Uzhgorod and taking temporary refuge in Budapest, the departed GSC staff settled in Prague in March 2022. Like many creative companies, the Kiev office had become a second home for many of its employees. Care was therefore taken to ensure that the new Prague headquarters wore a familiar brand and feel, to provide an atmosphere of peace and respite from the horrors of war.
A symbol of resistance…Stalker 2. Photo: GSC Game World
“At this point, this is more than just a game,” agrees Grigorovich. “It's very important to our people, our nation, our culture. It's good for your country to be known simply because someone attacked you, not for your cool art, technology, or engineering.” No. This game can reach a lot of people and let them know that Ukraine makes world-leading products. I think that's the biggest impact we can have. For artists, It is not always wise to go to the front line with a gun without combat experience. But they can still help in other ways – and we are trying to help our Method. “
To date, Stalker 2's most popular gameplay trailer has been viewed over 2.5 million times. With this visibility, Grigorovich sees an opportunity to help prevent further Russian aggression. “Many of us are dying. Keeping people informed could save us all. Ukraine is actually the largest country in Europe, and this is not a small conflict, it's all It's going to impact people. Yes, we're making games, but it's also our job to bring people back to reality. I see the elephant in the room. There's no elephant. I can't say that because the elephant will just destroy everything there and then it will come to you. You would be foolish to think it will stop.
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