The Ultimate Guide to Getting Revenge in Video Games

PIf you're of a certain age, there's no doubt that you have fond memories of the paper instruction manuals that once came with every video game. Dan Marshall, author of The Swindle and Lair of the Clockwork God, certainly does. He remembers the ritual of poring over a new game's manual on the bus ride home from the store, trying to absorb all of the information in preparation for playing the game itself.

He vividly remembers receiving Bullfrog's 1993 game Syndicate by mail order early one morning and waiting for hours until his younger brother woke up to play it on the PC in his room. “And during that quality time, I did nothing but read the manual over and over and over again,” Marshall says.

Although Marshall has now gotten rid of most of his old DVDs, games and magazines, he still maintains a shelf of treasured physical items that remind him of a time in his life. It's the book he used when he first learned to code, 1989's Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles LCD Handheld, a strange game box he couldn't part with. “They’re nice to walk past and they bring a smile to your face,” he says. “And a well-made manual or a well-made box is fun in that sense.”





A box of fun…early video games came with a set of instruction manuals

Photo: Stephen Cooper/Alamy

In the early days of home video games, manuals were essential. Every byte of memory is valuable, and even adding a simple command like “press A to jump” takes up memory that could be better allocated elsewhere. Information about how to play the game can instead be moved to a manual, which also provides an opportunity to provide a story or background to accompany simple on-screen sprites. There may be other interesting things in the game box. Memorably, Revolution's 1994 adventure game Beneath a Steel Sky It came with a comic by Dave Gibbons of 2000AD., described several events leading up to the start of the game. His pioneering 1984 BBC micro-title, Elite, came with an entire novel called The Dark Wheel, which provided insight into the world of Elite.

However, as consoles and computers became more powerful throughout the 1990s, it became increasingly possible to include instructions on how to play within the game itself. In-game tutorials quickly became mandatory, allowing players to jump right into new games without having to stop to read the manual first. Then, in the 2000s, digital downloads started to become popular. Initially, publishers often offered him PDF versions of game manuals, but eventually even this tradition fell out of fashion. The instruction manual was redundant and dead.

However, several developers have been working hard to revive this lost part of gaming tradition. His 2021 strategy title HighFleet: Deus in Nobis by Konstantin Koshutin has arrived with his lovingly crafted 92-page PDF manual. Downloaded from Steam. The game was published by the newly reformed Microprose, a company that has historically specialized in simulation and strategy games such as F-15 Strike His Eagle and Civilization. All of them came with correspondingly large manuals (his Civilization manual was well over 100 pages long).

And earlier this year, Media Molecule released Tren for the Dreams gaming platform. The game is based on his Brio-style wooden railway tracks, and the company Beautifully crafted digital manual I'm going to talk about the fictional toy “Tren Modular Play System” manufactured by a company called BeechCorp. Best of all, the manual even features realistic-looking tear tracks and children's doodles.





Physical Acquisition … Banished Vault Manual.
Photo: Lunar Division/Bithell

We've seen some developers venture into physical manuals as well. In July, The Banished Vault from Lunar Division added an in-game manual. This manual is printed on demand and can also be ordered in paper form for £4.99. The developers were surprised at how many players did just that. Approximately 10% of those who purchased a digital game also purchased a paper manual. “We've found that people never get tired of beautiful game manuals.” Mike Bissell said. Head of publisher Bithell Games, on X/Twitter. This is perhaps part of a broader trend at the moment, where physical objects are revered by a generation that has seen movies, music and video games disappear into the digital realm. Check out the unexpected love for records among the younger generation.

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Learn more… Tunic in-game manual.

Photo: Andrew Shouldice/Tunic Team

Tunic's manual is authentic in another way, in that you actually need it to progress through the game. Otherwise, little guidance is provided on how to progress through the game. Manual pages are scattered throughout the in-game world, and each page contains important information. Perhaps providing a map, revealing a plot, or even revealing a special move. Each page is written in indecipherable runes, except for the odd intriguing English word here and there, playing imported games and deciphering Japanese manuals for hints on what to do. It reminds me of the days when I tried.

Shouldice worked hard to make the in-game manual look really beat up. “I made a physical booklet, damaged it, tore parts off, spilled stuff on it, then put a little bit in the tumble dryer and messed it up,” he says. “We then scanned every page.” The text was added digitally later to make it easier to translate the manual into different languages. It's certainly a beautiful thing, and Fangamer physical version It's available for purchase by players.





Beautiful things…Fangamer's printed tunic manual.

Photo: Fangamer/ISOMETRICORP Games Ltd./FINJI

Banished Vault also requires players to read the manual carefully. This turn-based title involves leading a gigantic space monastery as it flees from solar system to solar system, harvesting resources from planets, closely monitoring fuel levels, and attempting to escape. malicious phenomenon. Nick Tringali, the game's director, is not nostalgic for manuals. He became interested in games because they were becoming obsolete. Instead, he was inspired by his board game and his table talk role-playing game (TTRPG). “In his modern TTRPG, this book is very well designed to teach you the system and help you navigate this experience smoothly,” Tringali says. His idea was to use the same technique for a complex strategy video game.

“[In-game] “The tutorial is very complex and very likely to break if the interface or design changes,” Tringali said, noting that it may eventually have to be completely reworked later in development. Did. “So I looked at all of this and thought, okay, it's going to be less effort to actually make the book.”

Developers and players may still have a soft spot for game manuals, but it's hard to imagine manuals making a comeback outside of a few niche games. Dan Marshall thinks that's a shame. “I want to make games that come with a physical manual, so make sure you read it,” he says. “There's no tutorial, no explanation of what the buttons do…Imagine releasing a game where you can do things like: only I have a physical copy. Yes, it would be an economic disaster, but a very small number of people our age would be very happy.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Achieving 99.99923% Reflectance: The Ultimate Mid-Infrared Mirror

As reported in nature communications, a collaborative international effort led to the creation of the first mid-infrared supermirror with extraordinary reflectivity. This innovation promises to significantly enhance environmental gas sensing and industrial processes, and represents a major leap forward in mirror technology.

Advanced infrared mirrors enhance climate and biofuels research through precise trace gas detection. An international research team from the United States, Austria, and Switzerland has demonstrated the first true supermirror in the mid-infrared spectral region. These mirrors are key to many applications, including optical spectroscopy for environmental sensing and laser cutting and welding for manufacturing.

Achieving near-perfect reflectance. In the field of high-performance mirrors, everyone is searching for the impossible: a perfectly reflective coating. In the visible wavelength range (i.e. between 380 nm and 700 nm), advanced metal mirrors achieve reflectivity as high as 99%. This means 1. photon 99 is lost with each reflection.

Although this may be impressive, in the near-infrared region (i.e., between approximately 780 nm and 2.5 μm), mirror coatings demonstrate a reflectance of 99.9997%, meaning that out of 1 million reflected photons, only one photon is lost. There are only three.

There has been a long-standing desire to extend the performance level of this supermirror into the mid-infrared (wavelengths from 2.5 μm to 10 μm and beyond), where it could enable advances in trace gas sensing tasks related to climate change and biofuels. Become. It can also be used in industrial applications such as laser processing and nanofabrication. So far, the best mid-infrared mirrors lose one photon to approximately 10,000 photons. This is about 33 times worse than near-infrared mirrors.

International cooperation leads to breakthroughs. As explained in the article published in nature communications, Thorlabs’ Crystalline Solutions (Santa Barbara, California), the Christian Doppler Institute for Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy at the University of Vienna (Austria), the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and the University of Neuchâtel (Switzerland) are the first to create a truly intermediate We have demonstrated an infrared super mirror.

These mirrors lose only 8 out of 1 million photons and achieve a reflectance of 99.99923%. Achieving such extreme reflectance required a combination of mastery of materials, mirror design, and manufacturing processes.

Patterned 4-inch GaAs wafer with single-crystal GaAs/AlGaAs die. The final product is fused onto a coated silicon substrate. Credit: George Winkler A new paradigm for mirror coatings. To realize this first-generation mid-infrared (MIR) supermirror, researchers devised and demonstrated a new paradigm in coatings. They combined traditional thin-film coating techniques with new semiconductor materials and methods to overcome material limitations in the challenging mid-infrared region.

Garrett Cole, technical manager for our crystal solutions team, said: By extending this platform to longer wavelengths, our international collaboration has demonstrated for the first time a MIR coating method with less than 5 ppm of undesired absorption and scattering losses. ”

These mirrors utilize the extremely high purity and superior structural quality of molecular beam epitaxy, an advanced process used to fabricate many different semiconductor devices, to produce single-crystal GaAs/AlGaAs with negligible absorption and scattering. Produces multilayer films. This starting material is processed into high-performance mirrors using advanced microfabrication techniques, including direct “fusion” bonding onto high-quality conventional amorphous thin-film interference coatings deposited at the University of Neuchâtel.

Manufacturing these revolutionary mirrors was only half the challenge. Scientists also needed to systematically measure the mirrors to prove their superior performance. Gar-Wing Truong, principal scientist at Thorlabs Crystalline Solutions, said: “It was a huge team effort to bring together our equipment and expertise to clearly demonstrate total losses as low as 7.7ppm, six times higher than previously achieved by any of his traditional MIR coating techniques will do. ”

Co-lead author Lukas Perner, a scientist at the University of Vienna, added: Our combined efforts in innovative mirror technology and advanced characterization methods have enabled us to demonstrate superior performance and break new ground in MIR. ”

Impact on environmental sensing and spectroscopy. The immediate application of these new MIR supermirrors is to significantly improve the sensitivity of optical devices used for measuring trace gases. These devices, called cavity ring-down spectrometers (CRDS), can detect and quantify trace amounts of important environmental markers, such as carbon monoxide.

The research team turned to NIST research chemists Adam Fleischer and Michelle Bailey, who have been working on this technology for years. In a proof-of-concept experiment that put these mirrors through their paces, Fleischer and Bailey showed that the mirrors were already superior to the state-of-the-art.

“Low-loss mirrors make it possible to achieve very long optical path lengths in small devices, in this case like compressing the distance from Philadelphia to New York City to a one-meter range,” says Bailey. says Mr. “This is an important advantage for ultrasensitive spectroscopy in the mid-infrared spectral range, such as the measurement of radioisotopes important for nuclear forensics and carbon dating.”

Reference: “Mid-infrared supermirror with finesse greater than 400,000” Gar-Wing Truong, Lukas W. Perner, D. Michelle Bailey, Georg Winkler, Seth B. Cataño-Lopez, Valentin J. Wittwer, Thomas Südmeyer, Catherine Nguyen, Author David Folman, Adam J. Fleischer, Oliver H. Heckle, Garrett D. Cole, December 6, 2023, nature communications. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43367-z

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Source: scitechdaily.com