Tag Archives: substantial

Unconventional geoengineering concepts with potential for substantial reduction in radioactivity

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Make the climate core

We all know that climate change is dangerous. In other words, it is attractive to take dramatic measures to work on it. It is placed deeper than before, such as the construction of a nuclear bomb, or deeper on the seabed.

News reporter Alex Wilkins has drawn attention to feedback on this small scheme. That is the idea of Andrew HayberryWho explained his thoughts paper It was released on ARXIV on January 11th. This is an online repository without a pear review.

The Haybalry plan is based on an existing approach called Enhanced Rock -Weathering. Rock -like rocks react with carbon dioxide in the air, slowly removing greenhouse gases, and trapped in the form of minerals. By crushing such rocks into powder, this chemical weather can accelerate and speed up CO.2 Removal. However, even if it is an optimistic estimation, this only supplements a small part of the greenhouse gas emissions.

That is where the nucleus appears. A decent nuclear explosion reduces a large amount of basalt to powder, enabling significant eruption of rock weathering. Hayberry suggests filling at least 3 km nuclear bombs from the seabed of the South Sea. The surrounding rocks restrict explosions and radiation, minimizing the risk of life. However, the explosion will crush enough rock to absorb 30 years of CO.2 Exhaust.

The first hurdle of Haybalry is the size of the necessary bombs. The biggest nuclear explosion was the explosion of TSAR BOMBA, which exploded by the Soviet Union in 1961. There was a yield equivalent to TNT 50 megaton. Hayberry is a device with 81 gigaton yield and hopes to have a bigger explosion of more than 1600 times the emperor Bomba. Such bombs are written in Sole strictly that they should not be taken lightly.

How we build this, and transport it to the infamous windy South Ocean, safely lower it to the seabed, and then send it to the sea floor a few km below. It is left. Hayberry estimates that this effort costs “about $ 10 billion”. But the feedback doesn't know how he came up with the number.

Anyway, no one tells Eron Mask.

Later generations of sneak peak

Feedbacks often experience revelation through social media media. Our latest one was due to X user's favor @pallnandiOccupational therapist, a “fair realist” posted on January 12.Heaven leaked photos It has become a social media viral. It's no wonder that Christians have decided to reach them! “”

The accompanying image shows a city engraved with white stones. The architecture looks like an intersection between Istanbul Hagia Sofia Mosque, Rome's Colosseo, and Liberdel. Road of the ring。 All hundreds of windows shine the same color of Golden Yellow. There is a dark starry sky on the city, and there are things that seem to be broken.

Therefore, the revelation of feedback: If you wait for a long time, the stupid claim that is lurking for a long time circulates again.

This dates back in 1994. Weekly world news The story of the headline was releasedHeaven taken by the Hubble Telescope“. It contains the blurred black and white image of the starfield, and there was a big shine in the middle, which contains a luxurious building collection. Remember how Asgard, the home of the Nordic gods, looked. Anyone who is Tall Movies have the right idea.

You don't have to say this image It wasn't from HubbleOr even NASA is fake. However, it was not recently as in February 2024. Emphasized in the video On Instagram Titoku。

Not one year later New image There is a similar catchphrase I became a viral。 There are some reports Pointed out that The image looks like it is generated in AI: Especially on the Milky Way, there is a pattern like a glitch.

But the real problem of feedback is that it looks like a terrible place. First of all, the star means a clear lack of air. It looks like it is frozen, and the structure is like a character of an Adam driver's monoac architect in the movie. Megalopolis。 Science fiction Author Naomi Aradman Walking BLUESKY: “Yeah, animals, plants, trees, rivers and lakes, cold marble -there is no dark sky and the sun -I can't literally see people.” It is compared to the output of the “terrible neighboring committee”.

Maybe we will get this Mome repetition, which looks like a good place for heaven to actually spend eternity. However, feedback is not recommended to stop.

Fish -like finale

The press release warns us in a new book To a large wide sea: Life in a habitat that is the most known on the earthSönkejohnsen. The author explains what we know in a huge amount of water under the sea, isolated from the air, the seabed, and continent shelves. How do you spend a lifetime in a place where you can know how the power of gravity and the slight fluctuation of the light level are up and which is down?

We don't know, we know that this fish -like book illustrator is one of Merlin Peterson.

Did you talk about feedback?

Feedback@newscientist.com allows you to send a story to feedback by email. Include your home address. This week and past feedback can be seen on our website.

Source: www.newscientist.com

Scientists worldwide discover a substantial magma reservoir beneath the inactive volcano

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The magma reservoir under the cascade range has a different depth, size, and complexity, but the upper magma body is spread, according to the Global Scientist’s team at Cornell University and Cascade Volcano Observatory.

Mountleinia. Image credit: Walter Siegmund / CC by-Sa 3.0.

The visible lava on the surface is an obvious indicator of the activity, but the long-standing beliefs are expelled during the eruption of active volcanoes, and there are large magma body that breaks down over time as the volcano becomes dormant. That is.

But A New study It is published in the journal Natural global science Challenge this assumption.

The study author has identified the magma chamber under the six volcanoes, six volcanoes of various sizes within the cascade range and six volcanoes.

They discovered that all of the volcanoes, including dormant state, have a sustainable and large magma body.

Given that some of these volcanoes, such as Lake Lake in Oregon, have not been active for thousands of years, the results are surprising.

“Regardless of the frequency of eruptions, you can see a large magma under a lot of volcanoes,” said Dr. Guaning Pan, a researcher at Cornel University.

“These magma bodies seem to be not only active, but also under volcanoes for a lifetime.”

The fact that more volcanoes maintain a magma body is an important consideration on how researchers monitor and predict future volcanic activities.

“We thought that if we found a large amount of magma, we thought it would increase the potential of eruptions, but now we change the perception that this is the baseline situation,” said Dr. Pan. Ta.

The result suggests that the eruption does not completely discharge the magma chamber, indicating that it eliminates excessive amounts and pressure instead.

The chamber can gradually solve the crust, so it can be slowly expanded and replenished over time.

“With a general understanding of where the magma is, I was able to do a good job rather than optimizing monitoring,” said Professor Jeffrey Aberters of Cornell University.

“There are many volcanoes that are sparse or not intensive research.”

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G. bread et al。 Partial melting long life under the volcano in the cascade range. nut. GeosciReleased online on January 23, 2025. Doi: 10.1038/S41561-024-01630-Y

Source: www.sci.news

Apple is reportedly exploring AI partnerships with news publishers and is prepared to offer substantial financial incentives.

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In recent weeks, Apple has begun negotiations with major news and publishing organizations seeking permission to use their material in the development of its generative artificial intelligence systems, as reported by The New York Times on Friday. The iPhone maker is offering a multi-year deal worth at least $50 million to license its news article archives, the report said, citing people familiar with the discussions. Media outlets contacted by Apple include Condé Nast, publisher of Vogue and The New Yorker, NBC News, and IAC, which owns People, The Daily Beast, and Better Homes and Gardens, according to the New York Times. Tim Cook’s Apple is reportedly offering a multi-year deal worth at least $50 million to license its archives of news articles. According to reports, some publishers contacted by Apple were tepid about the proposal. Apple did not respond to Reuters‘ request for comment. Leading technology companies are actively investing in integrating generative AI. Apple, on the other hand, used this technology to improve the basic functionality of its new gadgets. Media outlets contacted by Apple include Condé Nast, Vogue, and The New Yorker. Apple also announced new MacBook Pro and iMac computers and three new chips to power them in October, making chatbots and other creations constrained by the amount of data they can hold in a computer’s memory. It was emphasized that these can be used by many artificial intelligence researchers.

Source: nypost.com

Starfish possess only a substantial, compressed head and lack a body.

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A juvenile Patilia miniata starfish with fluorescent staining highlighting the skeleton, muscles, and nervous system.

Laurent Formery

Scientists trying to figure out where the starfish’s head is located have come to the surprising conclusion that the starfish is practically the entire body of the animal. The discovery not only solves this long-standing mystery, but also helps us understand how evolution created the dramatic diversity of animal forms on Earth.

Starfish, also known as sea stars, belong to a group of animals called echinoderms, which includes sea urchins and sea cucumbers. Their strange body design has long puzzled biologists. Most animals, including humans, have distinct cranial and caudal ends, and a line of symmetry runs down the middle of the body, dividing it into two halves of its mirror image. Animals with this bilateral symmetry are called bilateral animals.

Echinoderms, on the other hand, have five lines of symmetry radiating from a central point and no physically obvious heads or tails. However, they are closely related to animals like us, having evolved from bilaterally symmetrical ancestors. Even larvae are bilaterally symmetrical and then radically reorganize their bodies as they metamorphose into adults.

These large differences make it difficult for scientists to find and compare equivalent body parts in bilateral animals to understand how echinoderms evolved. “Morphology tells us very little,” he says. Laurent Formery at Stanford University in California. “That’s too strange.”

Formalie and his colleagues decided to examine a set of genes known to direct head-to-tail control. All bilateralist organizations. In these animals, these genes are turned on and expressed in stripes in the outer layers of the developing embryo. The genes expressed in each stripe define which point it is on the cranio-caudal axis.

The aim was to see if gene expression patterns could reveal the hidden “molecular anatomy” of echinoderms. “This particular gene suite is ideal for investigating the diversity of the most extreme forms of animals,” says the team leader. chris lowe, also at Stanford University. “I think echinoderms are a very extreme experiment in how to use that bidirectional network to produce very, very different body plans.”

To the team’s surprise, the gene that determines the head edge of bilateral animals was expressed in a line running down the center of each star star’s lower arm. The next leading gene is expressed on both sides of this line, and so on.

Even more bizarrely, genes normally expressed in the trunk of bilateral animals were missing from the animals’ outer layers. This suggests that the starfish abandoned its trunk region and released its outer layer to evolve in a new direction, Formery said.

The findings show that “the bodies of echinoderms, at least with respect to their external surfaces, are essentially lip-walking heads.” Thurston Lacari from the University of Victoria, Canada, was not involved in the study. Animals like us may have swam away to escape predation. “Echinoderms didn’t need trunks because they were hunched over and armored,” Lacari says.

The idea that echinoderms are “head-like” animals is “interesting and powerful,” he says. Andreas Heyland at the University of Guelph in Ontario, Canada. This raises some very important and fundamental questions about how ecological factors shape the evolution of anatomy, he says. “Finding the underlying conserved patterns provides important insights into how development evolves.”

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Source: www.newscientist.com