Tag Archives: horses

Horror Game Horses Banned: Is the Controversy Bigger Than You Think?

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On November 25th, Santa Ragione, the celebrated Italian developer known for acclaimed titles like MirrorMoon EP and Saturnalia, will
unveil their latest project “Horses”, which faced a ban from Steam, the largest digital marketplace for PC games. Shortly after, Epic Games Store also pulled the game just days before its intended release on December 2. Additionally, Horses was briefly removed from the Humble Store, though it was reinstated the following day.

This stirred-up controversy thrust the game into the spotlight on various digital platforms.
Teeth sells it on itch.io and GOG. Nevertheless, the pivotal question lingers—why was it banned? Horses tackles various highly sensitive subjects (the introduction notably warns of “physical violence, psychological abuse, graphic brutality, depictions of slavery, physical and psychological torture, domestic abuse, sexual assault, suicide, misogyny”), making it both disturbing and unsettling.




Controversial…horses. Photo: Santa Ragione

The storyline is straightforward but soon takes a dark turn. You step into the shoes of Anselmo, a 20-year-old Italian man who is sent to spend his summer on a farm for personal development. It rapidly becomes clear (so much so that I let out a startled “ha!”) that this is no ordinary farm. The “horses” present there are not real horses but naked humans with horse heads seemingly affixed to them.

Your task is to tend to the garden, the “horses,” and the “dog” (a human with a dog’s head). Throughout Horses’ three-hour duration, Anselmo engages in tedious and painfully slow daily chores, such as chopping wood and gathering vegetables. However, these mundane activities are peppered with disturbing tasks. On the first day, you stumble upon the corpse of a “horse” hanging from a tree and must assist the farmer in burying it.

While undeniably unsettling, Horses provides little in terms of horror nuance, and when it does, the severity is lessened by basic, crude graphics (when a farmer lashes a human horse and subsequently applies hydrogen peroxide to its back, the resulting marks on its skin appear blurred and unrealistic).




Anxiety…horses. Photo: Santa Ragione

The genitals and udders of the “horses” are obscured. Slaves are prohibited from fornicating, yet we observe they still partake in such acts (depicted in a simplistic and animalistic manner). You are compelled to “tame” them by returning them to their pen, but your interactions with them are limited to button presses, leaving what you’ve done to them ambiguous.

Valve, the owner of Steam,
informed PC Gamer that Horses underwent content review in 2023. “After our team played the build and reviewed the content, we provided feedback to the developer regarding why the game cannot be published on Steam in accordance with our onboarding rules and guidelines,” reads their statement. “After some time, the developer requested we reassess the review, leading our internal content review team to discuss it thoroughly and communicate our final decision to the developer not to publish the game on Steam.”

According to IGN, the Epic Games Store told Santa Ragione, “Upon investigation, we found violations of the Epic Games Store Content Guidelines, specifically in our ‘Inappropriate Content’ and ‘Hateful or Abusive Content’ policies, and as a result, the game cannot be published on the Epic Games Store.” Santa Ragione asserts that “the specifics of the contested content have not been clarified.”

https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/JYewjNYxV-8?wmode=opaque&feature=oembed" title="HORSES Launch Trailer" height="480" width="854" allowfullscreen="

The gameplay in Horses is grotesque but not without purpose. The horror is psychological, rooted in the unsettling sensation of performing mundane tasks in a hellish environment without understanding the reasons behind such bizarre occurrences. There’s minimal sound beyond the constant whir of a film camera (the game presents itself akin to a nearly silent Italian arthouse film), with sporadic cuts to ultra-close shots of mouths talking and chewing, disconcerting character models, and real-world visuals of water being poured into glasses or slop filling a dog’s bowl.

While there’s no explicit gore or overt violence, the discomfort, annoyance, and unease pervade throughout, exposing primal human fears without severely disturbing your lunch. Though this serves as an intriguing reflection on violence and power dynamics, it does not embody a shocking or excessive experience. The discussions it has sparked about video games as an art form and the censorship of art ultimately seem more profound than the game’s actual content.

Source: www.theguardian.com

New DNA studies indicate that modern horses were not domesticated until at least 2700 B.C.

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Horses revolutionized human history by increasing mobility, but the timeline between their domestication and widespread integration as a form of transportation remains debated.

Genetic evidence suggests that modern domestic horses emerged around 3000 BC in the steppes of western Eurasia, including an area inhabited by nomadic peoples known as the Yamnaya.

According to some accounts, the Yamnaya people migrated to Europe on horseback.

The earlier appearance of a different lineage of domesticated horses (probably used for milk) in association with the Botai culture of Central Asia (context: c. 3500 BC) also adds confusion.

To explore the possible timing of domestication, Dr. Ludovic Orlando of the Toulouse Centre for Anthropology and Genomics, Dr. Pablo Librado of the Barcelona Institute of Evolutionary Biology and their colleagues analysed the genomes of 475 ancient horses and 77 modern horses.

“I started working with horses about 10 years ago, and at the time there were only a few ancient genomes,” Dr. Librado said.

“With this new study, we now have hundreds of specimens. The increased resolution over Central Europe, the Carpathians and the Transylvanian Basin was particularly important, as this region was at the heart of the ongoing debate about a large-scale horse-driven migration out of the steppes around 5,000 years ago, or maybe even earlier.”

The researchers found that around 2200 BC there was a clear change in horse breeding practices (including the introduction of inbreeding), which resulted in the replacement of almost all horse bloodlines with modern livestock bloodlines.

This expansion was preceded by a domestication bottleneck (starting around 2,700 BC) that shortened generation times (related to the age at which horses breed) and made it easier to breed new domestic horses.

Previous studies have suggested that the Yamnaya migration occurred between 3,300 and 2,600 BCE.

The timing suggested by this study is therefore inconsistent with the hypothesis that the Yamnaya-related steppe peoples were accompanied by large herds of modern domesticated horses.

The authors also found evidence of domestication of the Botai horse, including shortened generation times, which means that horse domestication may have occurred in some areas before 2700 BC, but did not lead to widespread migration of horses.

“One question I've long wondered about is the scale of production: how was it possible to suddenly keep such large numbers of horses from a relatively small livestock area to meet growing global demand by the turn of the second millennium BC?” Dr Orlando said.

“Now we have the answer: breeders have controlled the reproduction of the animals so well that the time interval between two generations has been almost halved.”

“Simply put, they were able to speed up the breeding process and essentially double their production rate.”

“Our methodology for measuring temporal changes in generation time has great potential,” Dr. Librado explained.

“This adds a new method to the archaeozoological toolkit for monitoring the development of managed breeding in a range of livestock species beyond horses.”

“But it could also help shed light on generation intervals in our hunter-gatherer ancestors and how these intervals evolved alongside changing lifestyles and significant climatic changes.”

“Our evidence supports two stages of domestication of the horse,” Dr Orlando said.

“The first attempts, which occurred around 5,500 years ago, were aimed at addressing the decline of horse populations and providing food for people living on the steppes of Central Asia.”

“The domestic horse as we know it emerged from a second period of domestication about 4,200 years ago.”

“This allowed high-speed travel for the first time and truly changed human history.”

of study Published in this week's journal Nature.

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P. Librado otherHorse travel became widespread in Eurasia around 2200 BC. NaturePublished online June 6, 2024; doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07597-5

Source: www.sci.news

London’s Medieval Horses Originated from Faraway Lands

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International trade may have helped medieval elites obtain the best horses for jousting tournaments

Prisma Archive / Alamy

Analysis of horse teeth unearthed in a London cemetery suggests that the horses owned by medieval England's elite were likely imported from continental Europe and may have traveled hundreds of kilometers.

In the 1990s, a commercial excavator accidentally discovered an unusually large horse burial ground in central London. Subsequent excavations at the site, now known as Elberton Street Cemetery, uncovered the full or partial remains of 70 horses. Some graves date him from 1425 to 1517, but the cemetery may have been in use over a wider period.

“This is a great example of the only true horse cemetery in medieval England,” he says. Oliver Clayton at the University of Exeter, UK. “We usually [horse remains] Very few are scattered on archaeological sites. ”

To learn more about the origins and lives of these medieval horses, Creighton and his colleagues collected and analyzed molars from 15 horses buried at the site.

Plants from different parts of the world contain different levels of carbon, oxygen, and strontium isotopes, or atoms with different numbers of neutrons. When animals eat these plants, these isotopes accumulate in their bones and teeth over time. By analyzing the chemical signature of the horse's teeth, the researchers were able to determine where it likely came from.

It said this revealed that at least seven people came from abroad, possibly from Scandinavia or the Western Alps. alexander pryoralso at the University of Exeter.

“These were also the largest medieval horses ever discovered in Britain,” Pryor said, noting that Britain's elite may have sought out the best horses from Europe. Suggests.

The arrangement of their teeth seemed to suggest the use of special mouthpieces normally reserved for horses groomed for combat and jousting tournaments.

“The horse likely came from the equestrian arena at the Palace of Westminster, just a kilometer away,” Clayton said.

“The nature of horse teeth, with their very tall crowns growing over many years, offers great potential for research using isotopes to track the movements of individual horses over their lifetime,” he said. To tell. david orton At York University, UK. “But this is the first paper I've seen that seems to take full advantage of that potential.”

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Iron Age people may have buried their beloved pets, such as dogs and horses along with them

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Remains of dog and baby girl buried in Seminario Vescoville near Verona, Italy

Laffranchi et al. (CC-BY 4.0)

Late Iron Age people in northern Italy were sometimes buried with dogs and horses. Probably because they loved dogs and horses.

Archaeologists often suspect that the ancient worldwide custom of placing animals in human graves is associated with higher socio-economic status, beliefs about the afterlife, or certain family traditions. I was there. However, after thorough investigation, researchers say they are now beginning to suspect that such “community burials” may have simply been expressions of love for devoted non-human family members. Marco Mirella At the University of Bern, Switzerland.

He and his colleagues reexamined bones excavated from the 2,200-year-old Seminario Vescoville cemetery just east of Verona, Italy. There, the Cenomani lived in metal-making communities before and during the Roman conquest.

Most of the 161 graves discovered at the site contained only human remains, but 16 graves also contained whole or partial animal remains. Twelve of the items were pork or beef products, apparently food offerings to the deceased. Zita Laffranchialso at the University of Bern.

However, the remaining four were buried with dogs and/or horses, which were not used for food by the group. Among them were a middle-aged man with a small dog, a young man with part of a horse, a 9-month-old baby girl alongside the dog, and, most unexpectedly, a pony. She was a middle-aged woman. She had a dog’s head placed above her and a dog’s head placed above her head.

“At first, the excavators were surprised to find human legs under the horses, and their first idea was that there were horsemen here, there were warriors.” LaFranch says. However, the woman was buried unarmed, suggesting that her association with the 1.3 meter tall pony had nothing to do with the war.

The researchers found no particular trends in the age of the people buried with the animals, and DNA analysis suggested they were not genetically related to each other. Chemical analysis of these corpses Dietary differences related to socio-economic status were also not revealed compared to human-only graves.

The findings suggest that ancient people may have felt a strong connection to their animals and therefore chose to bury their loved ones with them, the researchers said. “And why not?” says Mirella. “You can never rule that out.”

Another explanation, the researchers added, is that the animals may have had symbolic meaning for the afterlife. For example, in Gallo-Roman religion, The Celtic horse goddess Epona was believed to protect individuals after death..And what about Gallo Romance? Sometimes dogs are associated with the afterlife.. In fact, burying dogs with infants may even have had a purpose: Protecting parents from future baby loss.

Still, the animals in the graves appear to have benefited from careful human care, rather than as disposable livestock. The dog in particular appears to have been fed human food and is showing signs of wound treatment and healing.

So it’s also possible that people were buried with animals for both symbolic and affectionate reasons, Mirella said.

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Source: www.newscientist.com