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Physicist Develops Floating Time Crystal: A Breakthrough in Quantum Physics

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A groundbreaking team of scientists at New York University has successfully developed a unique version of an exotic phase of matter where particles are acoustically suspended and interact through sound wave exchanges.

Morel et al. observed a revolutionary type of time crystal with particles suspended on a cushion of sound while interacting through sound waves. Image credit: David Song / New York University.

Time crystals—collections of particles that “keep time”—are poised to transform fields like quantum computing and data storage.

The particles present in this innovative time crystal defy Newton’s third law of motion, which posits that every action has an equal and opposite reaction, emphasizing a balance in forces.

Unlike traditional particles, these new particles interact independently, are not strictly bound by equilibrium forces, and exhibit non-reciprocal movement.

Remarkably, these time crystals are visible to the naked eye and are housed in a compact, one-foot-tall device that can easily be held in hand.

“The speaker emits sound waves, allowing us to place small particles at the pressure nodes, effectively suspending them against gravity,” stated Leela Elliott, an undergraduate at New York University.

The time crystal is constructed using Styrofoam beads that are suspended by these sound waves, initially employed as an acoustic levitation device to maintain the beads in the air.

“We discovered that a simple system of two particles suspended within an acoustic standing wave can spontaneously oscillate and generate time crystal effects due to their unbalanced interactions,” explained Mia Morell, a graduate student at NYU.

“When these airborne particles interact, they do so by exchanging scattered sound waves.”

“Specifically, larger particles scatter more sound than smaller ones,” she added.

“Consequently, the influence of large particles on small particles is greater than the reverse.”

“This results in an asymmetry in interactions between small and large particles.”

“Imagine two ferries of different sizes approaching a pier,” she said.

“Each ferry creates waves that displace the other, but the impact varies based on size.”

This discovery broadens the scope of potential applications for these crystals, promising advancements in technology and industry.

“Time crystals exhibit a high degree of autonomy, making independent decisions and persisting on their path,” stated Professor David Greer of New York University.

“They are intriguing not only for their potential applications but also due to their visually exotic and complex structure.”

“In contrast, our system stands out because it’s surprisingly straightforward.”

The team’s key findings were published in the Physical Review Letters.

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Mia C. Morell et al. 2026. Non-reciprocal wave-mediated interactions power the classical time crystal. Physics Review Letters, 136, 057201; doi: 10.1103/zjzk-t81n

Source: www.sci.news

Revolutionary Startup Develops First Data Center Powered by Human Brain Cells

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Close-up of an artificial brain showcasing neural activity and orange light dots, illustrating the concept of artificial intelligence. 3D rendering of synapses and neurons made up of cubic particles.

A small number of companies are developing biological computers

Floriana/Getty Images

Data centers consume vast amounts of energy while the demand for computer chips continues to soar. Could utilizing brain cells be the solution?
Australian startup Cortical Labs is pioneering this field, planning to establish two innovative “biological” data centers in Melbourne and Singapore. These cutting-edge data centers will feature chips integrated with reproducible neurons.
Pon vs. Doom.

Cortical Labs stands out as one of the few firms creating biological computers that link nerve cells to microelectrode arrays, enabling the stimulation and measurement of cell responses during data input. Recently, the company successfully showcased that its primary model, the CL1, can learn to play games like Doom within just a week.

The first data center in Melbourne is set to accommodate around 120 CL1 units, while a second facility in collaboration with the National University of Singapore will initially support 20 CL1 systems, with plans to expand to 1,000 pending regulatory approval. This initiative aims to enhance cloud-based brain computing services.

According to Michael Barros from the University of Essex, UK, while biological computers have been constructed and tested globally, they remain challenging to build and use. He states, “We invest a lot of time and resources developing these systems.”

Barros further elaborates that Cortical Labs is democratizing access to biocomputers at scale, pioneering an accessible approach in the industry.

These systems can be trained for simple tasks, such as playing Doom, yet there are challenges in understanding how neurons function and training them for more complex tasks like machine learning. Reinhold Scherer, also from the University of Essex, notes, “When you access this technology, it opens doors to exploration in learning, training, and programming, but neurons cannot be programmed like standard computers.”

Cortical Labs asserts that its biological data centers use significantly less energy than traditional computing systems, with each CL1 requiring only 30 watts compared to thousands needed by leading conventional AI chips.

Paul Roach from Loughborough University, UK, emphasizes that scaling biocomputers into entire rooms, akin to traditional data servers, could yield substantial energy savings. Notably, while biological data centers may necessitate nutrients to sustain neuron chips, they require less cooling energy than conventional computing infrastructures, suggesting significant potential for energy conservation.

Nevertheless, experts like Tjeerd Olde Scheper, who holds a PhD from Oxford Brookes University, recognize that the technology remains nascent. “Will it perform as expected? We are still in the early developmental phase,” he comments.

Although direct comparisons between the sizes of biological and silicon AI systems remain complex, it’s notable that the envisioned biological data center would integrate hundreds of biological chips in contrast to the hundreds of thousands of GPUs typically found in large-scale AI data centers.

“We have a long way to go before these systems are production-ready. Transitioning from a small network playing games to a large language model is a substantial leap,” says Steve Furber from the University of Manchester, UK.

A pressing concern is the lack of clarity on how to store training outcomes within neurons as memory, or how to execute computational algorithms beyond specific tasks, such as video gaming.

Additionally, retraining neurons post-task completion poses challenges, as their training and learning may be lost upon the end of their lifespan. “Proper retraining is essential,” Scherer states. “If retraining is required every 30 days, it may hinder technological continuity.”

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Pediatrician Develops Innovative Blood-Based Treatment for RSV and Common Cold

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Pediatricians play a critical role beyond just treating children’s illnesses. A recent study highlights their blood as a valuable source for developing treatments for common childhood diseases.

Mauro Pimentel/AFP via Getty Images

In the battle against common childhood diseases, researchers have looked at an unexpected asset: the blood of pediatricians. This blood contains a treasure trove of potent antibodies that can serve as effective preventive treatments. Shockingly, these antibodies surpass current approved therapies for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and typical cold viruses.

Pediatricians frequently encounter respiratory viruses, making them a potentially underutilized resource in the search for robust antibodies against these pathogens. While existing antibody treatments for RSV protect against some strains, the quest for broader-spectrum options continues.

A collaborative team led by Hui Zai at Chongqing Medical University Children’s Hospital analyzed the blood samples of 10 pediatricians with more than a decade of experience. This led to the identification of 56 exceptionally effective antibodies against RSV within the pediatricians’ immune cells.

Next, researchers engineered versions of these antibodies and conducted laboratory tests, discovering that three specific antibodies demonstrated significant efficacy against various strains of RSV. Remarkably, one of these antibodies also neutralized the human metapneumovirus, a virus closely related to RSV that is a frequent cold culprit but can lead to severe illness in certain children.

Subsequent studies involving mice and rats revealed that injections of these three pediatric-derived antibodies, either alone or in combination, prevented the emergence of symptoms in animals infected with RSV or human metapneumovirus. Notably, the pediatrician-derived antibody exhibited a blocking efficiency up to 25 times greater than existing antibodies called nirsevimab and clethrovimab, while also neutralizing a broader array of strains.

The findings align with pediatric wisdom that suggests medical professionals become more resilient to respiratory viruses as they gain experience. Dr. Trent Calcutt from Port Macquarie Base Hospital, Australia, noted, “After a decade of working with pediatric patients, I’ve seen a marked decline in serious respiratory illnesses in myself.”

Dr. Calcutt views the pediatrician-derived antibody’s potential as promising enough to justify further exploration in human clinical trials, stating, “Given the unusual nature of this intervention, it deserves serious consideration.”

Presently, two primary methods exist to safeguard infants from RSV: administering a maternal vaccine during pregnancy to afford protection post-birth and providing injections of nirsevimab or clethrovimab to neutralize the virus upon infection. However, these treatments are limited to specific RSV strains.

Interestingly, nirsevimab and clethrovimab were developed by screening the blood of adults who have dealt with RSV without being healthcare workers, identifying antibodies generated through natural infection. As of now, there are no approved vaccines or antibody treatments available for human metapneumovirus.

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  • Children /
  • Infectious Disease

Source: www.newscientist.com

AI Researcher Develops Chatbot Based on Future-Self Concept to Assist in Decision Making

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If spending time on the couch, binging fast food, drinking too much alcohol or not paying into your company pension is ruining your carefully laid plans for life, it might be time to have a conversation with your future self.

With time machines not readily available, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have developed an AI-powered chatbot that simulates a user’s past self and offers observations and valuable wisdom in the hope of encouraging people to think more today about who they want to be tomorrow.

By digitally de-aging profile photos so that younger users appear as wrinkled, grey-haired seniors, the chatbot generates plausible artificial memories and weaves a story about a successful life based on the user’s current aspirations.

“The goal is to encourage long-term changes in thinking and behavior,” says Pat Pataranuthapong, who works on the Future You project at the MIT Media Lab, “which may motivate people to make smarter choices in the present that optimize their long-term well-being and life outcomes.”

In one conversation, an aspiring biology teacher asked a chatbot, a 60-year-old version of herself, about the most rewarding moment in her career so far. The chatbot, responding that she was a retired biology teacher in Boston, recalled a special moment when she turned a struggling student’s grades around. “It was so gratifying to see my student’s face light up with pride and accomplishment,” the chatbot said.

To interact with the chatbot, users are first asked to answer a series of questions about themselves, their friends and family, the past experiences that have shaped them, and the ideal life they envision for themselves in the future. They then upload a portrait image, which the program then digitally ages to create a portrait of them at 60 years old.

The program then feeds information from the user’s answers into a large language model to generate a rich synthetic memory for the simulated older version of itself, ensuring that the chatbot draws on a coherent background story when responding to questions.

The final part of the system is the chatbot itself, powered by OpenAI’s GPT3.5, which introduces itself as a potential older version of the user and can talk about their life experiences.

Pattaranuthapong has had several conversations with his “future self,” but the most memorable was when the chatbot reminded him that his parents won’t be together forever, so he should spend time with them while he still can. “The perspective I gained from that conversation is still influential to me today,” he said.

Users are told that their “future self” is not a prediction, but a potential future self based on the information they provide, and are encouraged to explore different futures by varying their survey answers.

be A preprint scientific paper on the projectA trial of 344 volunteers, which hasn’t been peer-reviewed, found that talking to a chatbot made people feel less anxious and more connected to their future selves. Pattaranthapong said this stronger connection should encourage better life choices, from focusing on specific goals and exercising regularly to eating healthier and saving for the future.

Ivo Vlaev, professor of behavioural science at the University of Warwick, said people often struggle to imagine themselves in the future, but doing so could lead to stronger adherence to education, healthier lifestyles and more careful financial planning.

He called the MIT project a “fascinating application” of behavioral science principles. “It embodies the idea of a nudge, a subtle intervention designed to steer behavior in a beneficial direction by making your future self more salient and relevant to the present,” he said. “Implemented effectively, this could have a profound impact on how people make decisions today with their future well-being in mind.”

“From a practical standpoint, its effectiveness will depend on how well it simulates meaningful, relevant conversations,” he added. “If users perceive the chatbot as authentic and insightful, it can have a significant impact on behavior. But if the interaction feels superficial or quirky, its impact may be limited.”

Source: www.theguardian.com