Unlocking Kama Muta: Discover Hidden Emotions and Learn to Feel Them Deeply

A woman hugging her mother by the sea

Imagine cradling your newborn baby, deeply gazing into their eyes. You’re at the airport, eagerly awaiting your family’s return from a year-long journey, and suddenly, you spot them approaching. Or perhaps you’re in a packed stadium, witnessing your team lift a long-awaited trophy. Each moment evokes a profound sense of connection, sending chills down your spine and bringing tears to your eyes.

Does this resonate with you? Although you might not know it yet, you’re experiencing an emotion referred to as “kama muta.” This phenomenon is gaining traction in psychological circles for its critical role in our relationships with family, friends, and community. By actively seeking to evoke this feeling, you can enhance your life’s purpose and strengthen your social bonds.

This article is part of a series on simple changes to boost your health in the new year.
Read the complete series here.

The term kama muta emerged from research initiatives starting in 2012 by Alan Fisk, an anthropologist, with contributions from colleagues at UCLA and the University of Oslo. They began exploring why happy ending scenes in movies bring us to tears. Prior to this, emotional research mostly focused on tears as indicators of sadness.

Initial discussions evolved into formal research involving extensive interviews and surveys about strong emotional responses to positive events. They identified common descriptors such as “being moved,” “stirred,” and “uplifted,” often accompanied by physical sensations like watery eyes, goosebumps, and warmth in the chest. Most importantly, this emotion appeared linked to the enhancement of social relationships.

And it’s not exclusive to happy situations; it can arise in diverse scenarios, including parental care, reunions, and even Alcoholics Anonymous meetings where individuals experience a powerful sense of acceptance.

“Instead of feeling isolated or ashamed of your past, you realize your challenges connect you to others,” says Fisk.

This emotional response can also manifest during religious practices such as prayer, conveying a connection to the divine. Additionally, communal events like sports victories often evoke profound feelings of pride and admiration for teams that have faced adversity.

Live music inspires emotional connections

Andrew Chin/Getty Images

Despite the richness of the English language, we lack a term that encompasses these impactful experiences. Thus, we often overlook the emotional parallels across various situations. “Our premise is straightforward,” Fisk asserts. “These experiences share a common feeling.”

To describe this, the researchers adopted sanskrit‘s term Kama Muta, which translates to “moved by love.” Fisk notes, “The Sanskrit expressions have a poetic quality.”

Fisk explains it as “love igniting,” suggesting it may have evolved to deepen our care for those closest to us. In ancient times, shared bonds were vital for survival, and emotions fostering these ties significantly benefited our ancestors. Today, social connections are equally crucial for human health. Emotions like kama muta may help broaden our perspectives on life, thereby enhancing overall well-being.

Discovering Kama Muta

Thanks to our innate empathic abilities, we can experience kama muta by viewing emotional videos, transcending cultural boundaries. For instance, Fisk’s studies revealed that participants from diverse backgrounds reacted similarly to videos depicting profound connections.

Such experiments indicate that experiencing kama muta can significantly inspire you to cultivate and maintain relationships. After feeling this emotion, subjects expressed greater commitment to their relationships and a heightened desire to connect intimately with others.

Concerts often provoke kama muta due to music’s beauty and strength of unity it fosters among strangers; experiences like Taylor Swift sharing friendship bracelets with fans exemplify this unique bond.

People who exhibit higher levels of empathy may be more susceptible to kama muta. However, anyone can learn to nurture this emotion by actively listening to those around them.

“When individuals feel truly heard, they tend to feel more connected to the listener,” suggests Kenneth Demaree, a psychologist based in New York. He believes that this connection leads to deeper self-disclosure and greater emotional revelations.

Additionally, many secret pathways exist for experiencing kama muta, even in solitude. Whether through reading or watching love stories, you can evoke such feelings, with watching cute animal videos striking a chord often.

Cultivating your emotional experiences changes your perception, shifting from suppression to appreciation. “You may think it’s a disaster to feel emotional,” shares Fisk, “but by understanding that everyone goes through these feelings, you’re more inclined to embrace them.”

Like any emotion, kama muta consists of various components, including physical sensations, mental interpretations, and motivations to act. Researchers have developed a
kama muta multiplex scale
to measure your experience. Explore our research-driven quizzes to evaluate your feelings while watching a kitten video—just one example. Or view heartfelt images of loved ones or engage in meaningful discussions with friends. Then rate your experience by how closely these statements resonate with you, on a scale from 0 (not at all) to 6 (very often).

Section 1

Have you experienced it?

  • Moist eyes
  • Tears
  • Goosebumps or hair standing on end
  • Chills or shivers
  • Warm sensation in the middle of your chest
  • Feeling of warmth in the chest area
  • Feeling breathless
  • Lump in throat
  • Difficulty articulating
  • Smiling
  • Feeling buoyant and light
  • Feeling refreshed, energized, and uplifted

Section 2

Did you feel it?

  • Incredible bond
  • A profound sense of intimacy
  • A unique love that rises
  • A special feeling of being welcomed or embraced

Section 3

Did you feel it?

  • Urge to express care for someone
  • Desire to hug someone
  • Impulse to do something special for someone
  • Increased commitment to the relationship

Section 4

How did you feel overall about the experience?

  • It was heartwarming
  • It left a lasting impression
  • It touched me deeply

While there are no absolute indicators to determine if you felt kama muta or not, researchers affirm that the higher your aggregate scores across these sections, the more intense your kama muta experience is likely to be.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

What lessons can we learn from the remarkable medical expertise of wildlife?

20 years ago Jaap de Roode made discoveries that changed his scientific career. While studying the ecology and evolution of parasites and their hosts, he came across something truly surprising. The butterfly of the monarch, whom he was studying, appeared to be using the medicinal properties of the plant to treat itself and its offspring.

At the time, the notion that insects might be able to receive self-medicine appeared to be far away. Currently, De Roode is a world expert in the fast-growing field of animal medicines, and has his own lab at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia. He spoke New Scientist about his work, his new book, Naturopathic Doctor: How Ants, Apes and Other Animals Heal themselves, and his belief that animals have medical knowledge that can be used to improve our own health.

Self-medical behavior of chimpanzees and wool bear caterpillars (bottom) is also being studied

Michael a Huffman

Graham Lawton: How did this realm go?

Jaap de Roode: It started out as a random observation while working in Tanzania in the 1980s. Kyoto University’s Michael Huffman was working with national park ranger Mohandi Seyf Kalunde to investigate the role of older chimpanzees in society. While tracking down something called Chausiku, they realized she had retreated, and she was taking a nap during the day and had diarrhea. They saw her go to the plant called Vernonia also known as bitter leaves. She stripped off the bark and began sucking on the pith. This is not usually part of their diet. Seifu, a traditional healer, told Huffman that he was using it as…

Source: www.newscientist.com

AI models do not learn in the same way humans do

AI programs quickly lose the ability to learn new things

Jiefeng Jiang/iStockphoto/Getty Images

The algorithms that underpin artificial intelligence systems like ChatGPT are unable to learn as they are used, forcing tech companies to spend billions of dollars training new models from scratch. This has been a concern in the industry for some time, but new research suggests there's an inherent problem with how the models are designed – but there may be a solution.

Most AI today is so-called neural networks, inspired by how the brain works, with processing units called artificial neurons. Typically, AI goes through distinct stages during its development: First, the AI ​​is trained, and its artificial neurons are fine-tuned by an algorithm to better reflect a particular dataset. Then, the AI ​​can be used to respond to new data, such as text inputs like those entered into ChatGPT. However, once a model's neurons are set in the training phase, they can no longer be updated or learn from new data.

This means that most large AI models need to be retrained when new data becomes available, which can be very costly, especially when the new dataset represents a large portion of the entire internet.

Researchers have wondered whether these models might be able to incorporate new knowledge after initial training, reducing costs, but it was unclear whether this was possible.

now, Shivhansh Dohare Researchers at the University of Alberta in Canada tested whether the most common AI models could be adapted to continually learn. The team found that when exposed to new data, a huge number of artificial neurons became stuck at a value of zero, causing the AI ​​models to quickly lose the ability to learn new things.

“If you think of it like a brain, it's like 90 percent of the neurons are dead,” D'Hare says. “You don't have enough neurons to learn with.”

Dhare and his team started by training their AI system from the ImageNet database, which consists of 14 million labeled images of simple objects like houses and cats. But instead of training the AI ​​once and then testing it multiple times to distinguish between the two images, as is the standard approach, they retrained the model for each image pair.

The researchers tested different learning algorithms in this way and found that after thousands of retraining cycles, the networks were unable to learn and their performance deteriorated, with many neurons becoming “dead” – that is, having a value of zero.

The team also trained the AI ​​to simulate the way ants learn to walk through reinforcement learning, a common technique that teaches an AI what success looks like and helps it figure out the rules through trial and error. They tried to adapt this technique to allow for continuous learning by retraining the algorithm after walking on different surfaces, but they found this also led to a significant decrease in learning ability.

The problem is inherent to the way these systems learn, D'Hare says, but there is a workaround: The researchers developed an algorithm that randomly turns on some neurons after each training round, which seems to mitigate the performance degradation. [neuron] “When it dies, you just bring it back to life,” D'Hare says, “and now it can learn again.”

The algorithm seems promising, but needs to be tested on larger systems before it can be trusted to be useful, he says. Mark van der Wilk At Oxford University.

“Solving continuous learning is literally a billion-dollar problem,” he says. “If you have a true comprehensive solution that allows you to continuously update your models, you can dramatically reduce the cost of training these models.”

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Learn about five pioneering women making waves in the tech industry

Gender gaps within science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) still persist despite significant advancements. Women continue to be underrepresented, with only 29.2% of STEM employees being women compared to nearly 50% in non-STEM occupations, as reported in the Global Gender Gap Report (2023).

However, the urgent need to address goes beyond just getting women into STEM. A recent study at UCL revealed that female she-STEM students are twice as likely to have experienced sex discrimination compared to non-STEM students.

With advancements in hackers and digital technologies, the demand for cybersecurity professionals is on the rise to combat digital threats. The global cybersecurity market is projected to reach $424.97 billion by 2030, highlighting the importance of closing the gender gap to address this deficit.

Throughout history, women in STEM fields have overcome barriers, but there is still a long way to go. Here are five remarkable women who have significantly contributed to STEM:

5 women who advanced STEM

  • Ada Lovelace (1815-1852)
  • Katherine Johnson (1918-2020)
  • Dame Stephanie Shirley “Steve” (1933-present)
  • Michelle Zatlin (1979-present)
  • Elizabeth Coulon (1994-present)

Ada Loveless

Augusta Ada, Countess of Lovelace (1815-1852) British mathematician and writer. – (Photo courtesy of Universal History Archive/Getty Images)

Ada Lovelace, a prominent figure in computer engineering, was ahead of her time. She envisioned a steam-powered flying machine at 12 and played a significant role in Charles Babbage’s analytical engine, laying the foundation for modern computing.

Katherine Johnson

Portrait of NASA/NACA female physicist and scientist Katherine Johnson, 1955. – Image courtesy of NASA. (Photo via Smith Collection/Gado/Getty Images)

Katherine Johnson, an African-American mathematician, played a crucial role in NASA’s early missions, including Glenn’s orbit in 1962 and the Apollo 13 mission. Her calculations contributed to landing humans on the moon and creating a flight plan for crew safety.

Mrs. Stephanie Shirley

Entrepreneur and philanthropist Dame Stephanie Shirley has been appointed a Member of the Order of the Brotherhood by the Duke of Cambridge. – Photo credit: John Stillwell – WPA Pool / Getty Images

Stephanie Shirley, a work-from-home pioneer, founded Freelance Programmers and overcame industry obstacles through her innovative approach, paving the way for equal labor rights. She also founded Autistica, a charity dedicated to autism research.

Michelle Zatlin

CloudFlare’s Michelle Zatlin will be on stage judging Startup Battlefield. – Photo by Steve Jennings/Getty Images for TechCrunch

Michelle Zatlin, a technology pioneer, co-founded Cloudflare, a cybersecurity company that prevents cyberattacks and safeguards internet traffic. Cloudflare’s projects, such as “Athenian” and “Project Cyber Safe Schools,” focus on election integrity and cybersecurity in schools.

Elizabeth Coulombe

Elizabeth Coulombe, co-founder of Tero. – Photo credit: Tero

Elizabeth Coulombe, the CEO of Tero, developed a device that recycles food waste into organic fertilizer in hours, addressing global food waste issues. Her innovation has prevented significant waste from reaching landfills, contributing to environmental sustainability.

Women have played pivotal roles in shaping a better world, from cybersecurity to environmental sustainability, demonstrating their impact and contributions to solving pressing global issues.

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Boost Your Productivity: Learn from a Neuroscientist How to Accomplish More in Less Time

Scroll through social media and you’ll come across numerous posts from individuals claiming they possess the secrets to boosting productivity, such as waking up at 4 a.m., consuming specific supplements, or cramming your schedule with activities.

However, many of these assertions lack scientific backing and are often misguided. So, are there truly any strategies for enhancing productivity? Are there any straightforward life hacks backed by science that we should all integrate into our daily routines?

While there may not be a miraculous hack that transforms you into the next Bill Gates, there are some minor adjustments you can make to heighten your productivity at work.

The Benefits of Background Music

©Rachel Tunstall

The ongoing debate regarding productivity often pits working from home against working in an office, with each side claiming the superiority in terms of focus. Yet, one often overlooked aspect is the potential benefits of certain distractions in boosting productivity. While some individuals prefer a quiet work environment, many find that ambient noise, like background music, actually enhances their productivity. This is because such music masks distracting noises, capturing our subconscious attention and aiding concentration.

Interestingly, video game soundtracks have been found to be particularly effective in boosting productivity, as they are designed to stimulate focus while engaging in other activities.

Overall, ambient noise or music can contribute positively to productivity in many scenarios.

Prioritize Adequate Sleep Over Early Rising

©Rachel Tunstall

Forcing yourself to wake up at ungodly hours to enhance productivity can backfire. It’s crucial to prioritize getting sufficient sleep, as it has numerous health benefits that can bolster memory retention, concentration, overall health, mood, and productivity. Sleep aids in processing memories and integrating daily thoughts into our neural network, facilitating problem-solving abilities. Hence, prioritizing adequate sleep is key to productivity, surpassing the significance of waking up at a specific hour.

Take a Walk or Surround Yourself with Plants

Image credit: Rachel Tunstall

Incorporating plants into your workplace or having a view of nature can enhance productivity. Studies support the positive impact of plants in the workplace, as they aid in restoring attention and providing a calming effect on our brains. Greenery helps replenish brain resources, making it beneficial for productivity. Going for a walk in nature can also clear your mind and stimulate productivity.

Improve Productivity with Diet and Exercise

©Rachel Tunstall

While some touted diet and exercise regimens may seem extreme, incorporating healthy practices can significantly boost productivity. Regular exercise benefits both the body and brain, while a balanced diet can positively impact brain function and focus. Avoiding overly processed foods that can impair brain function and opting for nutritious choices can enhance productivity.

Find Your “Flow” State

©Rachel Tunstall

Lastly, understanding your individual preferences and what works best for you is essential for maximizing productivity. Achieving a state of cognitive “flow,” where you are fully immersed in a task and performing at your peak, can significantly boost productivity. Identifying the specific conditions that help you enter a flow state can enhance your overall effectiveness.

Ultimately, while seeking productivity tips can be beneficial, personal experimentation and awareness of what works best for you are key to achieving maximum productivity.

Explore more on productivity.

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Bumblebees Learn from Each Other to Solve Complicated Puzzles

Bumblebees may be capable of advanced social learning

David Woodfall/naturepl.com

Bumblebees can teach each other how to solve puzzles that are too difficult for them to solve alone. This finding suggests that these insects may use advanced social learning that has previously been demonstrated only in humans.

Previous research by alice bridges Queen Mary University of London has proposed that bumblebees could teach each other how to open lever puzzles to obtain sweet treats. And they preferred solutions they learned from their peers to solutions they had come up with on their own, as if the techniques were a cultural trend.

Now, Bridges challenged the bees to a more difficult puzzle box that required them to operate a blue lever and then a red lever in order. Even after 12 to 14 days of trying, the bees from three different colonies couldn’t figure it out on their own.

The researchers then taught nine bumblebees the key. But the training was so difficult that the animals initially refused to participate until the humans provided additional sweet rewards along the way, Bridges said. Once reintroduced to the colony, the skilled bee passed on its new knowledge to five other bees who had never seen the puzzle box before.

“suddenly, [naive bees] We were able to learn everything from trained demonstrators,” Bridges said. “When I could barely train, [the demonstrators] To do that. “

Until now, there was little evidence that non-human animals are capable of cumulative culture (defined as the ability to learn skills from other animals that cannot be acquired through a lifetime of independent trial and error). This feat allowed humans to create complex knowledge systems like modern medicine.

These findings “raise serious questions about this idea of human exceptionalism,” they wrote. alex thornton At the University of Exeter, UK his explanation on paper.

But we shouldn’t praise the cumulative culture of bees just yet. Elisa Bandini At the University of Zurich. She is not convinced that the experiment shows a behavior so complex that individual bees cannot develop it on their own. If the untaught bees had received additional rewards in the same way as the trained bees, they might have solved the puzzle on their own.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

The Post Office Horizon Scandal: Valuable Lessons for Big Tech Companies to Learn

TThe Post Office Horizon scandal has long been a frustrating one to follow as a technology reporter. Because even though it stems from the failure to deploy a large-scale government IT project, it’s not about technology at all.

In such stories there is a desire to uncover the specific fault lines that caused the disaster to occur. Taking Grenfell Tower as an example, the entire system was flawed and the investigation into the fire revealed gory details, but it is also clear that the fatal error was in covering the building with combustible panels. Identifying that fulcrum leads both ways to further questions (how were the panels deemed safe, and was the building able to be safely evacuated despite their flaws?), but the catastrophic It is clear where it is.

I feel like there should be comparable focus points in the Horizon system. “What happened at Horizon that led to so many false accounts?” is a question I’ve asked many times over the decade since I first learned of the scandal. Thanks to Computer Weekly for the coverage. I searched for systems in the hopes of finding some important crux, a terrible decision around which all subsequent problems swirl, that could be sensibly explained to provide a technical foundation for a very human story of malice and greed. I’ve been looking into architecture.

Still, the conclusion I’m forced to draw is that Horizon was really, really broken. From toe to toe, the system was terrible. Each postmaster had fundamentally different flaws, so a plethora of technical errors, worst practice decisions, and lazy cutbacks were probably part of the reason the Postal Service continued to fight for so long. Masu.

One system continued to accept input even when the screen froze, writing transactions to the database invisibly, while other systems simply had edge-case bugs in the underlying system that caused transactions to change. It just couldn’t lock when it shouldn’t have. There was also a problem with the network with the central database, causing transactions to be dropped without warning whenever there was a problem with the data connection.

Still, if you want to trace the point in time when bad IT became a crisis, you need to look completely into the technology past. The Post Office declared Horizon to be functional as legal tender. Everything that happened after that was a logical conclusion. If Horizon works, the cause of the error should be in the subpostmaster operation. If they say they haven’t made a mistake, they must have committed fraud. If they committed fraud, a conviction is morally right.

But Horizon didn’t work.

Today’s big technology companies aren’t so cocky as to claim that their software is perfect. In fact, the opposite is accepted as reality. The phrase “all software has bugs” is repeated too often and casually, implying that users are demanding too much of the technology they rely and work reliably on.

But they often still act as if they believe the opposite. My inbox is constantly filled with unmanageable people who have been falsely flagged as spammers, scammers, or robots by Facebook, Google, Amazon, and Apple’s automated systems. These people have lost years of shopping, lost access to friends and family, and lost the pages and profiles on which they built their careers. I can’t help them all and still do my day job, but strangely enough, the cases I decide I can contact a large company for are almost always easily resolved. It turns out.

No one would argue that even the worst software Google has put out is as broken as Horizon. (The Post Office says the current version of the software, created in 2017, has been found to be “robust compared to comparable systems.”) But the real culprit is broken software with flaws. If you’re acting like something isn’t supposed to be there, that’s serious. The tech industry may have more lessons to learn from this scandal than it’s willing to admit.

Source: www.theguardian.com