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Rising Hopes for Alien Discovery in 2025: What Happened to the Excitement?

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Artist's impression of K2-18b exoplanet

Artist’s Impression of Exoplanet K2-18b

A. Smith/N. Mandusudhan

The quest for extraterrestrial life intensified this year when scientists detected intriguing signals from exoplanets containing molecules associated with life on Earth. Although subsequent attempts to confirm these findings were unsuccessful, exoplanet researchers believe the resulting discussions provided valuable insights for future alien detection efforts.

In April, Nick Madhusudan and his team at the University of Cambridge announced they observed “the first hints of another world, possibly inhabited.” These signals originated from K2-18b, an exoplanet approximately eight times the mass of Earth and located 124 light-years away within its star’s habitable zone, as observed with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).

The infrared radiation emitted by K2-18b suggests its atmosphere may contain dimethyl sulfide (DMS), a molecule known to be produced solely by living organisms, particularly marine phytoplankton, here on Earth.

As expected, this discovery generated significant buzz within both media and the scientific community. However, many researchers advised caution, emphasizing that the DMS signal was weak and required additional observations and rigorous analysis for confirmation.

Now, several months later, most astronomers concur that there is currently no evidence of DMS or any biomolecules in K2-18b’s atmosphere. Should they exist, they remain undetectable. “We only know for certain that methane and carbon dioxide are present in the atmosphere of this planet,” explains Lewis Wellbanks from Arizona State University.

Claims of discovering extraterrestrial life were premature, according to Wellbanks. “It’s been shown repeatedly that this information is inaccurate. New observations indicate that those gases are not present,” he asserted.

Yet, the data spike initially attributed to DMS still requires clarification, says Jake Taylor at Oxford University. “We observed a spike—a physical phenomenon. At this point, we still don’t know what it signifies.”

Identifying the molecules responsible for these spikes requires further exploration planned for the JWST next year. Scientists can only ascertain what’s present in a planet’s atmosphere by analyzing the starlight filtering through it during the planet’s transit across its host star. This occurs four times each Earth year.

Despite the controversy surrounding this discovery, Taylor notes it also fostered positive outcomes. “This has been a significant learning experience for the entire exoplanet community. We are reassessing our definitions and statistical methods, which has been tremendously beneficial,” he states.

“This experience teaches us to calibrate our expectations,” says Wellbanks. “It’s a reminder that relying on data manipulation to validate a claim is challenging. As one wise person noted, there are lies, damned lies, and statistics. This whole DMS saga falls into that category.”

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Join some of the brightest minds in science for a weekend spent exploring the universe’s mysteries. The program features an exciting tour of the iconic Lovell Telescope.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

I Outsmarted Your Mind: How I Switched Up the Drinks That Gave Me a Buzz—Here’s What Happened!

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Drawing inspiration from Elton John, there’s an intriguing feeling as I craft this article. As I write, it feels like it’s brewing into a hit, much like blending ice and tonic water for a refreshing experience.

While I don’t feel bittersweet, there’s an unmistakable sensation—light and lively, akin to the sparkle of synapses firing.

I’m not the first journalist to indulge while working; however, I assure you, the drink beside me is not alcohol. It’s Sentia, a composition developed by pharmacologists and addiction researchers, including Professor David Nutt.

Certified as the future of drinking, Sentia is designed to have a neuroactive effect on those who consume it.

The aim is to replicate the relaxed, social, and carefree feeling associated with one or two alcoholic beverages without the hangovers or addictive qualities, and with minimal calories—double mine.

So how does Sentia work without alcohol or caffeine? The concept involves enhancing the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain known as GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid—though after a few drinks, that might be hard to remember).

GABA is often referred to as the brain’s off switch, slowing our neural impulses. The effects can lead to reduced anxiety, mood enhancement, and better sleep.

Stress Relief through Neurotransmitter Support

GABA is naturally present in our bodies and can be obtained through our diets.

There is a debate on whether ingested GABA is actively effective—some researchers are skeptical about its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier—hence, Sentia claims to boost the GABA levels circulating in the brain.

In contrast, herbal blends in the drink are thought to enhance the efficacy of natural GABA in the brain and aid in its absorption in the gut. Currently, peer-reviewed evidence for this is limited.

Researchers from the University of Exeter have conducted brain scans on individuals consuming Sentia, observing brain wave patterns consistent with relaxation and sociability. Nutt also conducts his own research, while Gabalabs, the company making Sentia, funds additional studies.

That GABA influences mood and behavior is hardly controversial. Andrew Scholey, a professor of human psychopharmacology at Northumbria, is not directly associated with Sentia but is well-versed in GABA research.

In a 2023 study, he examined individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and found that GABA levels were lower in those with high anxiety.

“This population showed a significant correlation,” Scholey noted. In another study, Shorey reviewed existing literature on orally ingested GABA and its impact on stress and sleep quality.

Despite mixed findings, he remarked, “there’s an indication that GABA improves sleep quality, which can, in turn, reduce stress.”

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Personal Experience

I’ve been sampling Sentia for a week while tracking my sleep through my Apple Watch. It’s perhaps unsurprising that my device indicated Sentia promotes more and better sleep than alcoholic options.

What’s hard to quantify with wearable technology is the sensation experienced while drinking Sentia. For me, the effect feels subtle—almost too subtle, leading me to wonder if it’s just a placebo effect. Yet, there is something.

After a Sentia, I feel relaxed and satisfied. Scholey points out the challenges in measuring the effects of psychoactive substances.

“Many recreational drugs have distinct felt effects,” he stated, “making it difficult to differentiate between actual psychopharmacological actions and placebo expectations, especially with substances like alcohol.”

Anecdotally, Shorey knows individuals within the psychopharmacology community who have tried Sentia, reporting mixed outcomes—some feel significant effects, while others do not experience any.

I’d say I fall somewhere in between. Regardless of its effectiveness, consuming Sentia is an enjoyable experience. I tried two out of three flavors, each exhibiting complex herbal notes, resembling cocktails rather than typical soft drinks.

Photo credit: Sentia

Given the rising curiosity about relationships with alcohol, it’s easy to see why products like Sentia spark interest. In the UK, sales of No and Low Alcohol beverages more than doubled in 2024 compared to the previous year.

Sentia isn’t the only brand offering psychoactive effects. Impossibrew, another UK brand, offers non-alcoholic products claiming to help consumers unwind by affecting brain waves.

Scholey also collaborates with ārepa, a New Zealand brand producing “functional” beverages that promote cognitive function.

For Nutt, who understands the substantial long-term and societal damage alcohol can cause, Sentia presents a healthier drinking alternative.

As for me, I remain uncertain about its effectiveness, but I’m open to trying it again if given the opportunity.

Tasting Notes for Sentia

Chandra Sarkar, Doctor | Taste: Sentia Red

“The aroma reminded me of a Christmas candle, but I wasn’t fond of its smoothie-like texture. It didn’t mix well with tonic but was quite enjoyable over ice. After a couple, I certainly felt a light buzz.”

“The effects didn’t last long, but if I were to consume it in the evening, I would take it at my own pace. As a doctor, I recommend ensuring that the herbal ingredients do not interact with any medications.”

Gentian Dema, Law Enforcement | Taste: Sentia Black

“Having avoided alcohol for over two years, I seek refreshment, relaxation, and stress relief when I drink. However, this didn’t align with my preferences.”

“It felt a bit sticky, and my mouth was dry afterward. I had to eat some grapes to clear the taste. Unfortunately, I didn’t feel much at all.”

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

I Experienced a Robot Massage and Survived to Share My Tale | Here’s What Happened

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I found myself in a softly illuminated room, making my way to the table. The beat of “Mamushi” by Megan Thee Stallion filled the air, while two large white circles moved rhythmically along the silhouette of my body displayed on the screen.

Is this an exclusive sex club in Germany at 2 AM?

Unfortunately, no. I’m actually in a suburban shopping center on a Tuesday afternoon, experiencing a massage from an Aescape robot.

Aescape lets me explain, is a “groundbreaking lifestyle robot company” that “transforms the wellness sector by delivering outstanding massage experiences.” To put it simply, they provide robot massages: a cushioned table paired with two large robotic arms that knead your body according to your preferences and a preset program.

I absolutely love massages—there’s nothing that makes me happier than having the sack of flesh I call a body manipulated like Wagyu beef. So, I opted for the “power-up” option for 30 minutes, which costs $60 and promises to make you feel “good and alert.”

According to Mayo Clinic Health System, massage therapy can benefit numerous conditions including anxiety, depression, sports injuries, digestive issues, headaches, and soft tissue sprains. It also enhances circulation, boosts the immune system, reduces stress, and increases energy levels.

But can a robotic massage compare to one delivered by a human?

“There are many gimmicks out there. My mother owns a massage chair, and I use a Theragun at home,” explains Christa de La Garza, a board-certified massage therapist from Colorado. While these devices can be beneficial, Della Garza believes there’s no cause for concern about robots taking over.

Primarily, there are tangible physical advantages to interacting with humans. During the early days of the pandemic, many felt “skin hungry,” a term reflecting a need for physical touch that comes from prolonged isolation.

A paper published in 2024 in Nature, indicated that receiving touch is “very significant,” revealing that touch interventions help alleviate pain, depression, and anxiety in adults. The study found that while touch from objects and robots could provide physical benefits, the mental health advantages were minimal.

“Receiving safe and therapeutic touch is incredibly powerful,” shared Della Garza.

Aescape clarifies on their website that they do not intend to replace therapists but rather to complement their services and address workforce shortages in the industry.

An Aescape robot masseuse. Photo: Provided by Aescape

Upon my arrival, the efficient, blonde receptionist assured me, “Humans can’t be replaced.” Although I was late due to parking complications, the machine didn’t seem to mind. It felt like a typical spa, complete with nail polish, pedicures, and crystals for sale at the front desk. As we walked to the robot room, she mentioned that Aescape is quite popular, especially among clients who “are uneasy about being touched by strangers.”

Once inside, she provided me with high-compression, Aescape-branded leggings and top to wear. As my treatment began, I learned these garments help improve the machines’ “body detection.” Lying on the table, I remained very still as the Aescape robot scanned my shape. The staff explained the screen controls and an emergency button to halt the process if needed.

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“We don’t need it!” she said cheerfully before changing my outfit.

Once I was facing the screen, I was greeted with a variety of options. What kind of music would I prefer? Choices included a playlist named lo-fi ambient jazz, classic rock, or “brat.” I could also see clear outlines revealing my body’s quirks—did they have to outline my saddlebags so distinctly?—or watch calming videos of the ocean, snowy mountains, or rainy forests. The headrest could be adjusted for different pressure settings on the machine.

One of Della Garza’s concerns about robotic massages is the potential for overthinking. With a human therapist, you tend to surrender more, as they steer the majority of the experience, allowing you to switch off your mind.

I, however, was distracted by the temptation to fine-tune the music and visuals. Did I want to see the snow? It was okay. Was a “Brat” playlist relaxing? Nope—back to ambient lo-fi. Is that really what my body looks like? This is unsettling.

Read a graphic with three lines of text, “In fact,” “Well, in fact,” and “Read more about good life in a complex world” with a pinkish lavender pill-shaped button containing “More from this section.”

Several friends expressed concern that a robotic massage might make me anxious. What if the powerful robotic arms tore through my muscles like a pile of deli meat? Conversely, my greater worry was that the massage wouldn’t be firm enough, leaving my tension knots intact.

Nevertheless, the massage proved enjoyable. The robot’s smooth plastic hands felt pleasantly warm. While they lack the finesse and precision of human touch, they provide a rather fun experience. In fact, the robot hands resemble knobby shapes, much like small Dutch clogs, with a firm push against the back.

By the end of the session, I felt significantly more relaxed than when I began. Although I wasn’t exactly elated, I sensed that I could comfortably drift into a deep, dreamless sleep.

While it certainly can’t replace the human touch, I appreciate the surrender and attention to detail a traditional massage provides. Additionally, Aescape doesn’t address the head, hands, or feet. But if you’re feeling sore after a workout or find yourself walking around a suburban shopping center for a duration, I could see it as a viable option. It’s relatively affordable, and there’s no need to tip.

Source: www.theguardian.com

I Tried Using a Magnet on My Face to Enhance Sleep—Here’s What Happened

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“You always seem to make quite the racket in your sleep,” my dear wife says as we get ready for bed. “That’s why I need these.”

On her side, she has a heavy-duty earplug that fits snugly in her ears. On my side, I apply a magnetic strip on the bridge of my nose to see if it helps with the noise levels. Apparently, I’m a snorer (or so she tells me).

The reason I’m using a magnet on my face is to hopefully tackle this issue and improve her sleep. The strip is called Iro, and it costs £60. It’s a curved piece of hard plastic with magnets at both ends.

These magnets adhere to small magnets that attach to either side of my nose, just above it. The magnets gently lift my nostrils as they snap together. It’s an odd sensation, but not unpleasant. It almost feels like my airways are being mechanically eased open for better airflow.

The issue is right beneath your nose

So, why do I need such a device? One of the intriguing physical quirks I’ve discovered is that I have a deviated septum. This is likely why my wife depends on costly earplugs to get her beauty sleep.

A deviated septum (which about 70% of people have) is linked to snoring, sleep apnea, breathing difficulties, and a compromised sense of smell.

I can feel it when I press on my nose (for the sake of science, of course). My left nostril is significantly more open than my right. The tissue separating them (the aforementioned deviated septum) doesn’t run straight down the middle but instead leans to one side.

This misaligned wall made of bone and cartilage is why I snore and breathe through my mouth. A deviated septum hampers my airways; thus, I often feel like I’m not getting enough oxygen when I breathe through my nose.

A deviated nasal septum occurs when the thin wall dividing the nostrils leans to one side instead of being centered. – Photo credit: Getty

I dislike running because my breathing feels more labored than it should. While sleeping, I end up gulping erratic breaths, similar to snoring.

If that wasn’t enough, I also suffer from occasional night terrors, or sleep paralysis, which leaves me waking up feeling unable to move or breathe.

“Patients with a deviated septum can face numerous challenges,” says Professor Peter Andrews, Chairman of the British Nose Association. “They often resort to breathing through their mouths, which can negatively impact lung function.”

Andrews emphasizes the importance of breathing through the nose. “The nose acts as an air condenser designed to filter and condition air, making it better for oxygen exchange once it reaches the lungs. When your nose is blocked, efficient breathing becomes compromised.”

However, when your nasal passages are open, that’s not an issue. “If you can breathe through your nose at night, you shouldn’t, in theory, snore,” Andrews explains. Iro claims it enhances both breathing and sleep.

The company asserts it reduces snoring “in real-time,” doubles nasal airflow, and grants an additional hour of sleep each night.

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Is breathing easy?

The first night wearing the Iro strip went remarkably well. Despite being attached to my face, it didn’t bother me or disrupt my sleep. It was quite comfortable. The next morning, my wife was astonished that she didn’t have to use earplugs for this test.

“I didn’t hear a sound from you,” she remarked.

The next night was a different story. I had night terrors right after falling asleep, and the following morning, my wife’s brow furrowed. “Last night didn’t go well at all,” she told me. “Not one bit.”

For better or worse, I didn’t notice any significant changes in sleep quality. When I checked the data from my Apple Watch, it confirmed that my overall sleep duration remained unchanged. I was averaging just under 6 hours a night with or without the Airo Strips.

No wonder I feel tired.

Interestingly, the watch tracked various stages of my sleep.

While the Apple Watch isn’t a clinical-quality sleep tracker, I noticed minimal variations in overall sleep duration. However, I found that I received over 30 minutes of REM sleep and about 20 minutes of deep sleep while wearing the Airo. It also seemed to shorten the instances of waking up throughout the night.

During the day, I tried them out at the gym while running. They remained comfortable, and I felt a difference in my airflow. I couldn’t tell if it improved my workout, though.

As I ran, the adhesive began to slip as I started to sweat, and the Airo shifted along the bridge of my nose.

Eventually, I had to remove it before it fell off, but before that, I felt I could breathe more freely.

“The nasal strip definitely contributes to opening the airways,” notes Andrews. Airo’s magnetic strips come in one design. Adhesive strips placed on the nose serve a similar purpose, but other aids are designed to fit inside the nostrils, effectively opening the airways. Research indicates they may help diminish snoring, but overall sleep improvement results are varied.

My wife may not be a sleep expert, but she is open to longer trials, even with mixed results.

Case study

subject: 43-year-old man, snoring treatment

Abstract: Can magnetic nasal strips enhance sleep quality and alleviate night terrors?

test: Quantitative sleep data monitored on my Apple Watch; qualitative sleep data recorded by my spouse.

result: No change in total sleep duration, but improvements in REM and deep sleep. Mixed results on subjective sleep satisfaction.

About our experts

Professor Peter Andrews serves as the chairman of the British Rhinology Society at University College London, UK, and is a professor of reform at the University of London. He has contributed to esteemed journals like Facial Plastic Surgery, Diagnosis, and OTO RHINO European Archives of Laryngology.

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Study Reveals Cambrian Explosions Happened Millions of Years Sooner Than Previously Believed

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Paleontologists have studied the body shapes of Ediacaran Cambrian organisms by utilizing trace fossils as a stand-in for body fossils.

Reconstruction of early Cambrian marine life in southern China. Image credit: Dongjing Fu.

The Cambrian explosion is often referred to as a pivotal period in Earth’s history when distinct animal body plans emerged.

Most researchers indicate that this event took place between 541 and 530 million years ago, marking the onset of the Cambrian period.

“The Cambrian explosion represents a significant era in the history of life that poses numerous unresolved questions,” stated Dr. Olmo Miguez Saras from the University of Barcelona at the Museum of Natural History in London, alongside Dr. Zekun Wang.

“In investigating biodiversity during this period, paleontological studies primarily concentrate on organisms with hard structures.”

“Nevertheless, microfossil investigations open avenues for understanding the activities of hard, soft-bodied, or skeletal-deficient organisms preserved in stratigraphic records.”

“The microfossil evidence is essential for shedding light on the evolutionary phases dominated by soft-bodied faunas.”

“Fossil traces mirror the behaviors of habitat-forming organisms, determined by their environment and reactions to ecological factors.”

“Consequently, these traces act as indicators of the paleoecological conditions experienced by the organisms that produced them.”

In their research, the authors concentrated on trace fossils from the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition, a period of great paleobiological interest that represents a pivotal moment in the evolution of complex life on Earth.

This transition experienced substantial shifts in biodiversity as well as the structure of organisms and ecosystems.

“The Ediacaran fauna consisted mainly of complex, multicellular, flexible organisms,” noted Dr. Miguez Saras.

“The shift to the Cambrian era involved numerous extinctions within the Ediacaran fauna, accompanied by a rapid diversification of complex multicellular organisms possessing hard structures (e.g., exoskeletons).”

“This encapsulates the core of evolutionary development that led to the emergence of the most modern animal phyla, commonly referred to as the Cambrian Explosion.”

The research indicates that slender-bodied organisms thrived around 545 million years ago during the Ediacaran period.

“These organisms likely possessed a coelomic hydrostatic body with an anteroposterior axis, muscles, and perhaps segmented structures,” Dr. Miguez Saras explained.

“Additionally, these organisms may have exhibited directional movement and possessed sensory capabilities to navigate and feed on diverse substrates in environments dominated by microbial mats.”

“Thus, the so-called Cambrian explosion and its evolutionary significance could have arisen significantly earlier than previously thought.”

“These adaptations in body shape and mobility facilitated early animals in thriving within increasingly dynamic and complex environments, an ecological engineering process that could spur evolutionary innovation.”

The team’s study is slated for publication in the journal Geological.

____

Zekun Wang & Olmo Miguez-Salas. Quantitative decoding of Ediacaran Motion Microfossil Morphology: Evidence for the appearance of elongated anteroposterior body profiles. Geological Published online on June 9th, 2025. doi: 10.1130/g53332.1

Source: www.sci.news

We Might Finally Understand What Happened to Mars’ Missing Water

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Mars once boasted a sprawling ocean across its surface. Over time, the magnetic field diminished, the atmosphere thinned, and the water vanished. Yet, the total isn’t accounted for. This water must have disappeared somewhere as the red planet transitioned from a watery haven to the dusty landscape we recognize today. So, what happened to it?

A recent study published in National Science Review by researchers from China, Australia, and Italy has uncovered potential vast reservoirs of water located deep beneath the planet’s surface, providing answers about its fate. Unlike the icy reservoirs found elsewhere on Mars, this water is believed to remain in liquid form, making it a promising candidate in the search for extraterrestrial life.

Around 4 billion years ago, liquid water covered much of Mars’s surface. If evenly distributed, this water would have created a global ocean approximately 1,500 meters (4,920 feet) deep, comparable to the volume of the Indian Ocean on Earth today.

While exact figures are still under debate, this estimation highlights a significant discrepancy.

“Estimated losses of liquid water due to atmospheric escape and crust hydration are predicted to be between 10-200 meters (33-656 feet) and 550 meters (1,800 feet) respectively,” stated Waijia Sun, a geophysics professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and lead author of the study, as reported by BBC Science Focus.

“Current estimates suggest a total of 20-40 meters (66-131 feet) of water exists in Mars’s atmosphere and as ice in polar or subsurface deposits.”

The “missing water” on Mars, estimated at a range between 710 and 920 meters (2,330 and 3,020 feet), remains unaccounted for, according to Sun and colleagues.

Marsquakes and Meteorites

With NASA’s InSight lander landing on Mars on November 26, 2018, a new perspective of the planet’s interior became available. Equipped with a dome housing a seismometer, it measures seismic activity similar to how earthquakes are monitored on Earth, dubbed “pulsing” by NASA.

The research team utilized measurements from two meteor impacts and seismic waves generated by a “Marsquake.” BBC Science Focus co-author Professor Hrvoje Tkalčić compared this technique to medical ultrasound, allowing glimpses into the Martian interior.

“In essence, earthquake waves generated from distant events travel through the Earth’s crust beneath the seismometer,” explained Tkalčić. “By analyzing their reverberations, we can deduce the thickness of these layers and the depth of boundaries.”

Scientists set up solar arrays for NASA’s InSight Lander in 2015 – Photo Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Lockheed Martin

Seismic waves travel faster through rock that contains water. By measuring the velocity of waves resulting from impacts or quakes, scientists can investigate the presence of deep underground water without the need for excavation.

This innovative method, known as the “receiver function,” enabled the team to identify layers approximately 5.4-8 km (3.4-5 miles) below the Martian surface where seismic waves slow down, indicating water’s presence.

At these depths, temperatures are sufficient for liquid water to exist. Researchers estimate that the water present ranges between 520-780 meters (1,700-2,560 feet) beneath the surface.

Could There Be Life on Mars?

If substantial aquifers lie below the Martian surface, it could be an ideal location to search for alien life. Water is a crucial element for life on Earth, sustaining even deep subterranean microorganisms like bacteria and archaea, which constitute around 15% of Earth’s total biomass.

While finding complex life forms is unlikely at such depths on Mars, microbial life remains a distinct possibility.

“The availability of liquid water is viewed as a key factor in our search for life, as it is essential for existence,” noted Tkalčić. “Consequently, pinpointing locations with liquid water on Mars is vital for identifying potential life.”

Additionally, if humanity establishes a presence on Mars, water becomes a critical resource. Excavating kilometers below the surface presents significant engineering challenges, but such obstacles are to be expected in pioneering a human settlement on another planet.

However, before rushing to buy tickets to Mars, Sun and Tkalčić caution that the aquifer’s existence is not yet confirmed. They emphasize the necessity for additional data before reaching any conclusions.

Liquid water is the most plausible explanation supported by current data, but other viable explanations for the observed seismic waves, such as layers of sediment, exist.

Professor Hrvoje Tkalčić oversees seismology and mathematics in geophysics and heads the Warramunga Seismic & Infrasound Facility at the Australian National University – Photo credit: Jamie Kidston/ANU

On Earth, seismic measurements are taken from numerous seismometers worldwide that cross-validate data points. The situation is different on Mars.

“We must remember that we are limited to data from a single seismometer on a faraway planet. It’s a challenging observational environment, and we are maximizing the quality and quantity of our data,” Tkalčić added.

Researchers aspire that upcoming Mars missions equipped with more seismometers will facilitate more comprehensive studies across the planet. Eventually, we may even analyze the crust for direct chemical evidence of water, and potentially signs of life.

For now, this research offers a hopeful glimpse into what future missions may reveal. Sun remarked: “These findings shed light on the evolution of Mars’s water cycle and its potential habitability, laying a solid groundwork for future inquiries into Martian life and the planet’s climatic history.”

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About Our Experts

Weijia Sun is a professor of geophysics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, recognized for his work in Earth and Planetary Physics. His research has appeared in prominent journals such as Nature, Geophysical Research Letters, and Journal of Geophysical Research.

Hrvoje Tkalčić heads the Geophysics Department and directs the Warramunga Seismic & Infrasound Facility at the Australian National University. His research focuses on observational seismology, particularly the Earth’s deep structure and dynamics, appearing in journals like Science, Geophysical Research Letters, and Journal of Geophysical Research.

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

What Happened After These Indie Smash Hits?

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IT is more or less impossible to put accurate numbers into the number of video games released each year. According to
Published data, About 19,000 titles were released in 2024 on Digital Store Steam. This is on one platform. Hundreds of more have arrived on consoles and smartphones. In some respects, this is a positive sign of a vibrant industry, but how do you notice an entirely new project? When Triple A titles with a multi-million dollar marketing budget find it difficult to attract attention (Dragon Age: Bailguard, Final Fantasy VII Remake, and EA Sports FC have reported disappointing sales), is there a chance that a small team will break out?

Still, that happens. Last year’s surprise hit Baratoro shifted copies over 5m. Title Manor Rhodes, a complex medieval strategy, sold 1 million copies over the weekend. But what awaits a small developer after they succeed? And what does success mean in an ever-evolving industry?

James Carbutt and Will Todd of Coal Supper are still trying to figure it out. Their Aselvic satire will appreciate you being here!, players have gone through the strange quote scenarios of the fictional humble north town of Barnesworth, and are now an award-winning game. “It’s not registered as a success in my head at all,” Carbutt says. “The numbers were up on the screen, there was a YouTube playthrough and some erotic fan art. Beyond that, I won’t subscribe.”

After working on the project for three years, the pair now notices the confusing glare in the spotlight and asks questions about: “That’s scary,” joking Carbbit. “But we don’t think we’ll feel any kind of second-time out syndrome. The space where we can be a bit more introspective about what we want to do next is an interesting habit of successful indie games.”

Veteran indie developer Gabe Cuzzillo (Ape Out, Baby Steps) offered them the wisdom of the wise man. “He talked about not just about making something, but how to focus because it’s amorphous,” Todd says. “Instead, look at what we essentially want to explore and judge success based on whether we have explored it or not. The speed pressure on the market doesn’t apply to us.

Australian developer Grace Bruxner redefines success after leaving behind a trilogy of Bitize Size Adventures, which was developed in collaboration with Frog Detective Games: Thomas Bowker.




“Did that have a positive impact on people’s lives?”…Frog Detective. Photo: wormclub

“Success in the game has always been a bit of a lie and a bit of a illusion,” she says, pointing to typical markers such as cultural influence, number of players and financial gain. “Did the measure of my success create something I’m proud of and it has impacted my life and the lives of others in a positive way? And it was.

Bruxner began working on the series as an experiment in his final year at university to see if he could create a commercial game. After a relatively refreshing first outing, the second frog detective game demanded that Bruxner and Bowker lock in, spending most of their time on the project. In the third article, pressure was beginning to fall victim to, but the hard work paid off. Throwing out the pandemic as well as mental and physical health issues, Brooksner was ready to take a break. “I wasn’t crushed very hard, but I wasn’t having a great time either,” she says. “It was really good to make that choice.”

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Bruxner still has the idea of ​​a game that swirls around the back of her head, but she wanted to escape the endless production cycle that swallowed many of her mates, regardless of fatigue or burnout. “That’s not universal advice,” she says, “But if you’re a solo developer or a really small team, I don’t think there’s any shame to leave there. Unless you like making games, I don’t love making games.

Three years after the series’ swan song, she falls into an indefinite break, exploring alternative creative paths such as pottery. “I can’t imagine making a game because I am expected of me as a creator,” she explains. “I don’t even know where I’m going from here.”

Bruxner is amazed at his ability to maintain himself with the modest amounts offered by Frog Detective. “If the game keeps its tail and can live within its own means, it will lead to passive income that is not linked to being a scary landlord,” she explains. Still, she knows how taboo it is to talk about money explicitly, especially in creative circles like the indie gaming scene. “I have free time to chill and decide what I want to do, but at some point I think I need to have a career again. My biggest question is, will this money last forever? Perhaps not.




“Opportunities are limited”…consuming me. Photo: 66

It may seem like more indie items have fallen into the spotlight in recent years than ever before. However, the persistent turbulence in the gaming industry has become even more complicated by finding financial support for follow-up. “The elephant in the room is everything that’s happened over the past few years, evaporating a ton of layoffs, studio closures and funding opportunities,” says upcoming indie developer AP Thomson, who will consume me alongside fellow NYU arcade alumni Jenny Ziao Hosia. “Before that, there was a pretty big change in the mid-2010, when indie publishers and funders began to rise to prominence. Everything we’ve heard suggests that the same opportunities are no longer present or are incredibly limited.”

Consumes Me, the duo’s adult scheduling RPG has no release dates, but has been nominated for five gongs at the Independent Game Festival Awards. As such, Jiao Hsia and Thomson are already under pressure to decide on their next effort. “Several people have said that once it’s released we should move forward,” Thomson says.

Even with high expectations, the pair are not keen to move ahead of them. “Everything we’ve heard suggests that now is not the best time to pitch, so we focus our energy on the launch and then read the temperature in the room,” adds Thomson.

“I don’t feel like I have to show up at a job I’ve never applied to, I want to enjoy making art again,” explains Jiao Hsia. “The idea of ​​creating art for fun without worrying about making money is something I can’t wait for.”

Source: www.theguardian.com

What happened to the once-secret Netflix games?

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when Netflix initially started incorporating video games into its vast library of streaming TV shows and movies. Following a successful experiment with the interactive Black Mirror film in 2021, Netflix began to fully expand into interactive entertainment, releasing games for Bandersnatch in 2018 and free Stranger Things games in 2019.

The streamer’s gaming offerings used to be a well-kept secret, focusing on quality. Their catalog includes award-winning indie games and licensed games based on various themes, such as Queen’s Gambit and reality dating shows. Subscribers have the opportunity to play these games, like Spiritfarer, a sci-fi strategy game involving robots, aliens, and guiding lost souls to the afterlife. Netflix has acquired or invested in game studios that have garnered rave reviews and talented developers.

However, recent developments suggest a shift. The closure of the Blockbuster Studio, as reported by Game Files, and the disappointing reception of their latest tie-in game, Squid Game: Alewhed, reflect a change in approach. Despite initial excitement about their gaming division, which included unique indie titles and renowned talent, Netflix has faced layoffs and cancellations of upcoming games.

The company’s leadership changes, including key executives moving on to other companies, hint at a shift in strategy. Co-CEO Greg Peters acknowledged the need to refocus Netflix’s gaming efforts under new leadership. This change signals a move towards narrative games based on Netflix IP and family-friendly titles, transitioning away from riskier ventures.

While Netflix’s gaming acquisitions have been praised for their creativity, recent decisions suggest a retreat to a safer and more predictable strategy. This shift has disappointed those hoping for greater investment in gaming innovation from the streaming giant. The success of the Squid Game tie-in game, despite its shortcomings, underscores a potential shift towards more mainstream, commercially driven game offerings in the future.

To ensure a sustainable future in gaming, Netflix must balance originality with licensed titles and industry veterans. Quality remains a crucial factor in the gaming landscape, and Netflix’s approach will ultimately determine its success in the gaming industry.

What to do

The latest entry in Capcom’s Monster Hunter series, Monster Hunter Wild, offers 15 hours of thrilling gameplay in a single-player story mode. The game’s engaging battles and rich narrative make it a must-play for fans of the series.

Available on PC, PlayStation 5, and Xbox Series X, Monster Hunter Wild promises hours of hunting fun in a dynamic and immersive world.

What to read

  • Microsoft introduces its new generative AI model, Muse, designed for gameplay ideation. Trained on Ninja Theory’s game Bleeding Edge, Muse aims to revolutionize game development with AI-generated content.

  • Baratoro, a publisher of a card game known for its simplicity and obsession, successfully persuades Pegi to lower its age rating, opening up new possibilities for game developers.

  • The leak of Shadow of the Assassin’s Beliefs raises concerns about spoilers as players stream the game from physical copies before its official release date.

  • Chinese company Netaase scales back its investments in Western and Japanese game development, impacting several studios and game projects.

  • Warner Bros. Discovery cancels Wonder Woman games and shuts down three video game development studios as part of cost-cutting measures.

What to click

Question block

Reader Michael asks:

“My sister has strict screen time limits for her 10-year-old daughter, but she is obsessed with video games. As her uncle and a game designer, I want to nurture her passion while respecting her boundaries. I’ve suggested introducing her to more enriching games on the Nintendo Switch. Are there any games you would recommend, particularly for a young gamer?”

Nintendo’s games are known for their child-friendly content and suitable for young gamers. Titles like Zelda, Pokemon, Mario, and Animal Crossing offer engaging gameplay and immersive worlds that appeal to a wide audience. Encouraging your niece to explore these games can provide a fun and enriching gaming experience while respecting her mother’s limits.

Engaging with what kids enjoy can lead to positive outcomes and foster a love for gaming in a healthy way. It’s important to find a balance between enjoying games and adhering to screen time limits set by parents.

If you have any questions or feedback about the newsletter, feel free to reply or email us at buttonbuttons@theguardian.com.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Coin Cloud, the Bitcoin ATM company, has been hacked and even the new owners are unsure of how it happened.

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In November, cybersecurity collective vx-underground wrote on X (formerly Twitter): An unknown hacker claimed to have infiltrated Coincloud.a bankrupt Bitcoin ATM company.

According to vx-underground, the hackers claim to have stolen 70,000 customer photos taken from cameras embedded in ATMs, as well as the personal data of 300,000 customers. Name, surname, email address, phone number, current occupation, address, etc.

No one has publicly claimed hacking. A month later, what actually happened to Coin Cloud remains a mystery, even to the company’s new owners.

Coin Cloud was a company that managed thousands of Bitcoin ATMs in the United States and Brazil. According to the official website, to the company Filed for bankruptcy in February. In July, genesis coinanother Bitcoin ATM provider, acquired 5,700 ATMs from the defunct Coin Cloud. According to a press release issued at the time. Genesis Coin itself was acquired by Andrew Barnard and his associates in early January. Owned another cryptocurrency ATM company called Bitstop.

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Do you have more information about the Coin Cloud hack? We’d love to hear from you. Lorenzo Franceschi-Bicchierai can be reached securely on Signal (+1 917 257 1382), Telegram, Keybase and Wire @lorenzofb, or email lorenzo@techcrunch.com. He can also be reached at TechCrunch via SecureDrop.

Mr. Bernard, who serves as CEO, Bitcoin ATMThe company, which rebranded itself after purchasing some of Coin Cloud’s assets in bankruptcy proceedings, told TechCrunch that his company launched an investigation following vx-underground’s tweet, but is unsure when the breach occurred or who identified it. He said he was unable to conclude whether he was responsible. He himself described the incident as a “mystery”.

“Coin Cloud has been hacked multiple times in the past when it was still a commercial company, so the data breach happened a while ago,” Bernard said. “I think the data is being held to ransom right now. It’s impossible to say. [when] There is little control throughout the software development process, with multiple international contractors having access to source code containing secrets. [database]” Bernard said in an email.

“Based on the information we have been shown, it does not appear that any services maintained by Coin Cloud have been recently compromised,” Barnard added. “Therefore, it is reasonable to think that this is data that was already stolen when Coincloud was hacked previously. It is an assumption, but a reasonable one. It’s impossible to say exactly what was compromised; so many vendors and internal employees had access to it that the same thing may have happened at different times over the years. ”

Barnard said that if someone were to obtain the source code containing the database’s administrator credentials, the hacker “would have access to all the files.” [Know Your Customer] Customer information. ”

Know Your Customer (KYC) is a check performed by technology and financial companies to verify a person’s identity to prevent fraud and money laundering. KYC checks often rely on customers submitting scans of their identification documents.

A former Coin Cloud employee told TechCrunch on condition of anonymity that Coin Cloud was “an absolute disaster to work for.”

“We didn’t have a security team,” the former employee said, adding that Coincloud had been hacked at least once in the last year and believed the company stored much of its data in plain text, meaning it wasn’t encrypted. He added that

Source: techcrunch.com