According to NASA’s ambitious timeline, 2026 marks the exciting return of astronauts to the moon.
In just a few months, four astronauts will embark on a groundbreaking 10-day lunar mission. This will be the closest humans have ventured toward the moon in over half a century.
The historic flight, dubbed Artemis II, is slated to launch as early as February, signaling a much-anticipated revival of America’s lunar exploration efforts. This mission will serve as a critical test for NASA’s state-of-the-art Space Launch System rocket and Orion spacecraft, both of which have faced numerous delays and budget challenges over the past decade.
Reestablishing a presence on the moon has been a key objective during President Trump’s first term, and the current administration is intensifying its focus on the escalating space race with China, which aims to land its astronauts on the moon by 2030.
Beyond its geopolitical significance, Artemis II represents a pivotal step in space exploration. The mission aims to lay the groundwork for a sustainable lunar base before advancing human exploration to Mars.
“In the next three years, we’ll land American astronauts on the moon again, but this time we’ll build the necessary infrastructure for their extended stay,” stated new NASA Administrator Jared Isaacman in a recent NBC News interview.
For many scientists, the excitement surrounding the moon’s return lies in the chance to uncover long-standing mysteries related to its formation and evolution—topics that were the focus of the Apollo missions in the 1960s and 1970s.
“Moon scientists have had a plethora of questions over the decades,” says Brett Denebi, a planetary scientist at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, Maryland.
Addressing these questions may provide crucial insights into the processes that shaped Earth, according to Dennevy.
“Earth is, in some ways, a poor record keeper,” she notes. “Plate tectonics and weather have erased much of its ancient history. In contrast, the moon has preserved landforms that date back approximately 4.5 billion years, waiting for us to explore.”
Although Artemis II will not involve a moon landing, it will assess essential technologies. Docking procedures and life support systems, initially tested in Earth orbit and later in lunar orbit, are crucial for future lunar missions.
In 2022, NASA launched the Space Launch System rocket and Orion capsule on a successful uncrewed test flight around the moon, known as the Artemis I mission.
TThe UK holds a unique and advantageous position to contribute significantly in the new era of artificial intelligence, provided it seizes the chance to establish the production of millions of computer chips, an area that is often misunderstood.
AI technology demands a vast quantity of chips, and a collaborative national initiative could fulfill up to 5% of the global requirement.
Our legacy in chip design is unparalleled, beginning with the first general-purpose electronic computer, the initial electronic memory, and the first parallel computing system. Presently, Arm, based in Cambridge, is a prominent player that designs over 90% of the chips found in smartphones and tablets worldwide.
Given this background, it is certainly plausible that British companies can capture a notable share of the AI chip market. A target of 5% is both conservative and achievable. Our distinguished universities, a flourishing foundational AI company like DeepMind, and a strong innovation ecosystem equip the UK with the tangible resources necessary to compete.
The potential gains are tremendous. The global market for AI chips is expected to soar to $700 billion (£620 billion) annually by 2033, surpassing the entire current semiconductor market. Achieving that 5% share would translate to an influx of $35 billion in new revenue and the creation of thousands of high-paying jobs.
AI is set to transform not only the economy but also societal structures and security. Unfortunately, many do not grasp where its true value and strategic influence lie.
In this contemporary gold rush, real wealth is accessible not only to those mining digital gold but also to those who provide the tools for the task. I witnessed this firsthand from 1997 to 2006 when Gordon Moore and Andy Grove helped establish Intel’s board and founded the company in California. They set the groundwork for the first technology revolution, much like Nvidia is doing today on an even larger scale.
UK engineers, intellects, businesses, and investors excel in this domain. However, government collaboration is crucial.
While consumers are captivated by the generative marvels of OpenAI, the true market winner is Nvidia, the entity that provides the advanced chips facilitating such achievements. OpenAI’s estimated value stands at merely 1/10th that of Nvidia. AMD, a semiconductor design company, holds a distant second place, while emerging firms like Cerebras and TenTrent strive for a share of the market.
All AI models and applications, ranging from autonomous robots to real-time translation services, depend heavily on advancements in chip technology. Chips are the new oil of the digital economy, dictating the speed and efficiency with which future applications can be developed. Currently, the only major players in the AI field seeing true profitability are chip manufacturers.
Concerns have arisen that China may commoditize AI chips similar to its approach with solar technology, leading to dramatic price fluctuations and undercutting existing companies. The situation is more complex. U.S. export controls will restrict China’s access to advanced chip manufacturing technology for the next decade, significantly curtailing its capacity to dominate the high-end AI chip arena. This reality positions the U.S. as a key player and creates a substantial opportunity for its closest ally, the UK, which excels in chip design.
The UK has already birthed several companies in this sector, such as Fractile, Flux, and Oriole. However, we lack the necessary scale to capitalize on the opportunity. Instead of competing with Nvidia in data center computing, we should focus on specialized applications that usher in innovation, like robotics, factory automation, medical devices, and autonomous vehicles.
These domains offer ample opportunities for inventive architectures and new competition.
Too frequently, Britain’s industrial strategy is impeded by national insecurity and a lack of confidence. This must change. Primarily, governments must advocate decisively for our intent to excel in AI chips.
Secondly, we should aim to double our chip design workforce from the current 12,000 within a decade and encourage more talented individuals to pursue electrical engineering and computer science through generous scholarships. A target of 1,500 new students each year is achievable. Universities must offer relevant courses, and governments need to enhance financial support.
Thirdly, the UK should fully utilize its investment instruments: the Sovereign AI Fund, the British Business Bank, the National Wealth Fund, and the Ministry of Defence’s initiatives to ‘buy British’.
Fourthly, the UK-US strategic partnership must serve as a foundation for greater collaboration with leading US chip manufacturers and facilitate access to their state-of-the-art sub-3 nanometer manufacturing technologies. Collaborating with our U.S. partners to develop a robust supply chain and innovation pipeline is essential.
If the UK commits fully, the emerging age of AI could be characterized not only by code but also by silicon, leaving a distinctly British legacy.
At Quantinuum, researchers have harnessed the capabilities of the Helios-1 quantum computer to simulate a mathematical model traditionally used to analyze superconductivity. While classical computers can perform these simulations, this breakthrough indicates that quantum technology may soon become invaluable in the realm of materials science.
Superconductors can transmit electricity flawlessly, yet they only operate at exceedingly low temperatures, rendering them impractical. For decades, physicists have sought to modify the structural characteristics of superconductors to enable functionality at room temperature, and many believe the solution lies within a mathematical framework known as the Fermi-Hubbard model. This model is regarded by Quantinuum researchers as a significant component of condensed matter physics. For additional insights, see Henrik Dreyer.
While traditional computers excel at simulating the Fermi-Hubbard model, they struggle with large samples and fluctuating material properties. In comparison, quantum computers like Helios-1 are poised to excel in these areas. Dreyer and colleagues achieved a milestone by conducting the most extensive simulation of the Fermi-Hubbard model on a quantum platform.
The team employed the Helios-1, which operates with 98 qubits derived from barium ions. These qubits are manipulated using lasers and electromagnetic fields to execute the simulations. By adjusting the qubits through various quantum states, they collected data on their properties. Their simulation encompassed 36 fermions, the exact particles typical in superconductors, represented mathematically by the Fermi-Hubbard model.
Past experiments show that fermions must form pairs for superconductors to function, an effect that can be induced by laser light. The Quantinuum team modeled this scenario, applying laser pulses to the qubits and measuring the resulting states to detect signs of particle pairing. Although the simulation didn’t replicate the experiment precisely, it captured key dynamic processes that are often challenging to model using traditional computational methods with larger particle numbers.
Dreyer mentioned that while the experiment does not definitively establish an advantage for Helios-1 over classical computing, it gives the team assurance in the competitiveness of quantum computers compared to traditional simulation techniques. “Utilizing our methods, we found it practically impossible to reproduce the results consistently on classical systems, whereas it only takes hours with a quantum computer,” he stated. Essentially, the time estimates for classical calculations were so extended that determining equivalence with Helios’ performance became challenging.
The Trapped Ions Function as Qubits in the Helios-1 Chip
Quantinum
No other quantum computer has yet endeavored to simulate fermion pairs for superconductivity, with the researchers attributing their achievement to Helios’ advanced hardware. David Hayes from Quantinuum remarked on Helios’ qubits being exceptionally reliable and their proficiency in industry-standard benchmarking tasks. Preliminary experiments yielded maintenance of error-free qubits, including a feat of entangling 94 specialized qubits—setting a new record across all quantum platforms. The utilization of such qubits in subsequent simulations could enhance their precision.
Eduardo Ibarra Garcia Padilla, a researcher at California’s Harvey Mudd University, indicated that the new findings hold promise but require careful benchmarks against leading classical computer simulations. The Fermi-Hubbard model has intrigued physicists since the 1960s, so he’s eager for advanced tools to further its study.
Uncertainty surrounds the timeline for approaches like Helios-1 to rival the leading conventional computers, according to Steve White from the University of California, Irvine. He noted that many essential details remain unresolved, particularly ensuring that quantum simulations commence with the appropriate qubit properties. Nevertheless, White posits that quantum simulations could complement classical methods, particularly in exploring the dynamic behaviors of materials.
“They are progressing toward being valuable simulation tools for condensed matter physics,” he stated, but added, “It remains early days, and computational challenges persist.”
An autumn vibe is anticipated across much of the Midwest this week.
The remarkable October warmth could lead to record-high temperatures in the Northern Plains and Midwest over the next few days, with forecasts predicting that Minneapolis may hit 90 degrees Fahrenheit this weekend.
Across the region, temperatures are projected to be up to 30 degrees higher than average on Friday and Saturday, with highs from eastern South Dakota to Illinois soaring above 80 degrees Celsius. The National Weather Service notes that some areas could see temperatures in the mid-90s.
Numerous daily temperature records are expected to be broken on Friday and throughout the weekend, including in Minneapolis, Bismarck, North Dakota; Rapid City, South Dakota; Madison, Wisconsin; and Moline, Illinois.
These regions aren’t accustomed to such summer-like conditions at this time of year. For instance, the Minneapolis-St. Paul area has only recorded three days reaching 90 degrees since records began in 1872, according to the National Weather Service.
This week’s unusual warmth is attributed to high-pressure systems lingering over the plains and Midwest, according to the National Weather Service. These high-pressure areas tend to trap warm air, resulting in elevated temperatures for several days.
Dennis Chou
Denise Chow is a science and spatial reporter for NBC News.
Elon Musk was the first individual to achieve a net worth of $500 billion, placing Tesla’s CEO halfway in the wealth rankings.
Musk’s fortune dipped to $49.9 billion after briefly exceeding the $50 trillion mark on Wednesday. Forbes Billionaire List.
Owning 12% of Tesla, which is valued at over $1.5 trillion, Musk’s wealth has been positively impacted this year by a significant increase in the electric vehicle maker’s stock price.
Besides Tesla, the 54-year-old is also involved with SpaceX, the rocket company, where he holds a 42% ownership according to Pitchbook data.
Earlier this year, Tesla’s stock experienced a decline, affected by concerns regarding Musk’s focus amidst rising competition from Chinese manufacturers, falling sales, distractions from his other ventures, and a tumultuous relationship with Donald Trump. Analysts noted that Musk’s vocal support for Trump on X (the social media platform he owns) resonated with right-wing political sentiments.
However, Tesla’s stock has surged by 70% over the past six months as investor confidence improved and Musk redirected his attention back to the company. Since its inception in 2025, it has soared by 13%.
Last month, Tesla’s board president, Robin Denholm, remarked that Musk had returned to a “front and center” role in the company after months of distractions.
Shortly thereafter, Musk revealed he had acquired approximately $1 billion in shares, showcasing a strong belief in Tesla’s future as it transitions from a traditional automaker to a leader in AI and robotics.
The Tesla Board also proposed a $10 billion compensation plan for Musk last month, addressing his request for a larger stake while setting high financial and operational goals for the CEO.
Despite this, Musk’s standing in the wealth rankings has been fluctuating. In September, Larry Ellison, co-founder of Oracle, briefly surpassed Musk as the world’s richest person, according to Bloomberg’s Billionaire Index.
Currently, Bloomberg lists Musk ahead of Ellison but estimates Musk’s wealth at $470 billion compared to Ellison’s $349 billion.
I woke up with a multitude of itchy red bites. And? Most likely, it’s those pesky mosquitoes that are causing the irritation. While they aren’t the sole culprits for the marks left behind, the redness is actually a reaction to the saliva from those tiny, blood-sucking insects.
Globally, there are around 3,500 mosquito species, including 36 in the UK and over 200 in the US, with only the females being the notorious bloodsuckers.
Mosquitoes are widely recognized as nuisances. Even in regions like the UK and the US, where concerns over diseases such as malaria, dengue, and Zika are minimal, it’s important to be aware of their potential threats.
However, Professor James Logan urges us to take these creatures seriously. He is the Dean of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine’s (LSHTM) School of Disease Control and the CEO of Arctech.
“As climate change progresses, more mosquitoes capable of transmitting diseases are encroaching closer to the UK and the US, including not just malaria-carrying mosquitoes but those that spread dengue as well,” he states.
“Currently, there are no active disease outbreaks, but that won’t be the case for long. It’s not a question of ‘if,’ but rather ‘when.’”
According to Logan, the US is “even further ahead” in this regard, with cases of dengue, malaria, and the West Nile virus on the rise.
In May 2025, the UK Health Security Agency reported the first detection of the West Nile virus within British mosquitoes.
Regardless of potential disease threats, mosquito bites tend to be a common nuisance every summer, with scant scientific evidence to support any immediate concerns.
In the UK, the National Health Service (NHS) has noted an uptick in visits to pages about “insect bites and stings,” indicating a rise in the number of people reporting bites in recent years.
“The warmer weather might encourage mosquito reproduction and activity, leading to more of them being around,” Logan mentions.
Read more:
Physical barriers like mosquito nets, window screens, and appropriate clothing can help protect against bites. – Credit: Holly Wilmes
Why do mosquito bites itch?
As the weather heats up, the mosquito population rises—so what makes their bites so bothersome?
It all boils down to the mosquito’s mouthparts, slender and needle-like, designed for sucking.
“Mosquitoes are drawn to your scent, warmth, and moisture. When they alight on you, they insert their mouthparts into your skin,” Logan explains. “The tip of the mouthpart navigates around, seeking a blood vessel, and once it finds one, it feeds from there.”
In the process of feeding, these unwelcome intruders inject saliva into your bloodstream to prevent clotting and numb pain, allowing them to go undetected.
However, the chemicals they inject can trigger an allergic response, resulting in those itchy red welts.
“When bitten by a particular mosquito species for the first time, the reaction is generally mild,” states Logan. “With repeated bites, your body becomes sensitized, and the reactions may become stronger. Continuous exposure can further adapt your immune system.”
Your immune system treats substances like mosquito saliva as threats, prompting white blood cells to produce antibodies. Consequently, your body reacts with redness or swelling during subsequent encounters.
This process is known as sensitization, akin to how allergies develop. Fortunately, regular exposure—termed desensitization—can reduce your response over time.
In seasonal regions, the intermittent summer exposure to mosquitoes means our bodies take longer to acclimatize.
How to keep mosquitoes at bay
Now that we’ve identified the problem, how can we prevent mosquito bites? While closing windows and donning long clothing are effective strategies, they may not be appealing during hot summer days.
You might consider installing insect screens or mosquito nets in your sleeping areas.
“Removing breeding grounds is also crucial,” Logan advises, as mosquitoes thrive in stagnant water—anything deeper than a bottle cap can serve as ideal breeding conditions. Ensure to cover water sources such as flowerpots, buckets, and bird baths, and eliminate any trash or recyclables that might gather water.
In addition, wearing insect repellents is advisable. Logan praises DEET (N,N-diethyl-M-toluamide) as “one of the best repellents available,” affirming its safety when applied according to product instructions.
If you prefer a natural alternative, consider using Lemon Eucalyptus oil, noted also as OLE or PMD. Other options include IR3535 and picaridin.
Some essential oils have shown promise; a 2023 study found that clove, cinnamon, and geraniol oils can be effective.
Despite this, Logan cautions, “reliance solely on natural solutions may not be sufficient.”
If you’re willing to invest further, consider “impregnated” clothing—this doesn’t refer to anything sensational but involves fabric treated with insect repellents or insecticides, typically permethrin.
“We also have plug-in devices that distribute pesticides throughout our homes,” Logan adds, “which can eliminate pests like spiders and flies that venture inside.”
Since mosquitoes are attracted to our body odor, changing our scent can deter them – Credit: Jaromir via Jetty
What to do if bitten
If you’ve already fallen victim to a mosquito bite, here are some tips to manage the situation.
“The first rule is not to scratch,” Logan advises, acknowledging the challenge. “Scratching only risks infection.”
In severe cases, mosquito bites could lead to serious infections, sepsis, or even limb amputation, Logan warns.
If a bite is particularly bothersome, you may consider over-the-counter antihistamines or hydrocortisone creams, although their effectiveness can vary.
“They may work wonders for some, while others experience little relief,” he notes. “Antihistamine creams need to be applied immediately after being bitten due to the rapid production of histamine.”
“Unfortunately, many people delay addressing the bite, making timely intervention essential.”
In summary, Logan emphasizes:
Read more:
About our experts
Professor James Logan serves as the Director and Head of Disease Management at the London School of Hygiene (LSHTM). He is associated with Arctech, a spinout from LSHTM. His research focuses on using sensors, insects, and other wildlife as biosensors for disease diagnostics and developing nature-inspired tools for disease surveillance. His team was the first to identify the connection between body odor and malaria infection.
A Soviet-era spaceship aims to land on Venus, with plans for it to return to Earth in the near future.
Currently, it is uncertain where the mass of half-ton metal will descend and how much will survive the journey. Experts are monitoring space debris.
Dutch scientist Marco Langbroek estimates that the spacecraft may re-enter Earth’s atmosphere around May 10th.
“There are risks involved, but there’s no need for excessive concern,” Langbroek stated in an email.
The object is relatively small, and even if it remains intact, the likelihood of it causing damage is similar to that of encountering a random meteorite fall, which occurs annually. “The chance of being struck by lightning in your lifetime is far greater,” he added.
He also mentioned that the spacecraft could potentially impact someone or something; however, this scenario cannot be entirely dismissed.
The Soviet Union sent the spacecraft, known as Cosmos 482, into orbit in 1972 as part of its Venus mission series. It never successfully launched from Earth orbit due to a rocket malfunction.
Most of its counterparts fell back within a decade, yet Langbroek and others believe the landing capsule, a spherical object about three feet (1 meter) in diameter, has been in a highly elliptical orbit for the past 53 years, gradually descending.
There is a substantial possibility that the over 1,000-pound (approximately 500 kilograms) spacecraft could endure re-entry. It was designed to withstand the harsh conditions of Venus’ atmosphere, which is thick with carbon dioxide, according to Langbroek from Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands.
Experts are skeptical about the longevity of its parachute system. Additionally, heat shields might have deteriorated over extended periods in orbit.
Jonathan McDowell of the Harvard Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory mentioned in an email that while the spacecraft would benefit from an intact heat shield, if it manages to re-enter successfully, “a half-ton metal object will be falling from the sky.”
The spacecraft is projected to re-enter around 51.7°N and 51.7°S, passing near London, Edmonton, Alberta, and Cape Horn, South America. However, given that much of the Earth is covered by water, “the chances are favorable.”
Spectrum rocket on the launch pad of Norway’s Andea Space Centre
Wingmen-Media
Preparations for rocket test flights in Norway are underway, making history and could bring Europe to greater independence from market leaders in US orbital launches.
Who is behind the rocket launch?
The company that developed the new rocket called Spectrum is ISAR Aerospace based in Germany. The spectrum is 28 meters high and consists of two stages, using oxygen and propane as propellants. ISAR Aerospace states that the purpose of a test flight without payload is to “collect as much data and experience as possible.” The company said New Scientist That the staff were busy preparing for the test flight for an interview.
When and where will the release be made?
The launch will take place at the Andea Space Centre in Norway, and the Norwegian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) has been granted permission to move forward. ISAR Aerospace says it will be released on March 24th between 12:30pm and 3:30pm, when the weather is permitted.
If successful, it will be the first flight of orbital launch vehicles from the European continent except Russia.
Are there any other launch companies already in Europe?
That’s true, and some are pretty well established. Arianespace, a European market leader, was founded 45 years ago and will be launching it in collaboration with the European Space Agency and the French National Space Agency CNES. However, these launches take place in Guiana, France, a French territory in South America, with the rocket itself (Vega C and Arian 6) being built by other companies.
In addition to ISAR aerospace, there are clutches from European startups looking to start competing, including Spain. Zero 2 Infinity And Germany’s Rocket Factory Augsburg and Highpurs.
Why does Europe need its own launcher?
Davide Amato At Imperial College, London says there are many reasons why there is a demand for small European launch providers. For one thing, the logistics of creating satellites in Europe and then launching them in Europe will be simpler and cheaper, rather than shipping them all over the world.
It’s also easier to have a small, inexpensive launch vehicle that can bring a single satellite into orbit, rather than having to share the ride with several other missions.
Then there is the current political situation. Given the link between unpredictable CEO Elon Musk and the Trump administration, businesses and countries may not want to rely on US launch providers, particularly SpaceX.
These concerns were hinted at by Daniel Metzler, CEO of ISAR Aerospace. Recent Statements“In today’s geopolitical climate, the first test flight is more than a rocket launch.”
Is Norway a good place to start?
A rocket launched near the equator gives it a boost. Thanks to the planet’s spin, they begin to travel much faster than the rockets launched near the poles compared to the centre of the Earth.
The Andea Space Center is 69° north, so the Earth’s rotation speed is much weaker than in the French Guiana. However, this is not important for high incolination trajectories. It is a trajectory that creates a larger angle at the equator.
ISAR Aerospace says it can orbit 1,500 kilogram payloads can be orbited up to 30 times a year, with orbit trends of 90° to 110.6°. This includes sunlight orbits that always pass through a certain point at the same local location, ideal for spies and weather satellites. ISAR has already signed a contract for Norwegian space agencies to bring the Arctic Ocean Surveillance Satellite into exactly that orbit.
Launch sites benefit from all the infrastructure required for small launch vehicles, as they lack considerable air or marine traffic. “It’ll be more limited in terms of what you can achieve, but I think that’s still reasonable,” says Amato.
Will ISAR be successful?
Amato says Isar Aerospace may be chasing SpaceX from a traditional space approach of broader design and careful testing to Silicon Valley’s “test, fail, improve” strategy. “I expect a failure,” says Amato. “That’s not necessarily a bad thing.”
“Now, the question is, can you reach a design that survives? He says. “That’s the race. You’re basically competing for your investors.”
hAll those of Akki Monster Hunter Wild Week Week Celebration: Capcom's thrilling action game for sale 8m unit In 3 days, that means there's a good chance that many of you are playing it. I'm a huge fan of this series and am pleased with the latest entries, but after submitting a review last week I barely had the time to play it after it came out. Regular readers will know that this is a familiar problem to me. I have two kids so my game time is strict and the living room TV is used very often.
I was expecting this, so on the landing to the release of Monster Hunter Wild, I spent £200 on the PlayStation Portal. This is basically a screen sandwiched between two halves of a PlayStation 5 controller. It's impossible to tell if Sony is one of the most cumbersome things that have come out so far, or one of the most elegant ones. You can stream games from the PS5, so the console can scream under the TV, be on the sofa on a small screen, waving x to convert. A scary octopus.
Here's how the portal works: Turn it on and it becomes a pleasant, futuristic noise. When you try to connect to the home console, a soothing pulsating circular portal appears. Then, if it works (sometimes I have tried a few times), your PlayStation 5 homepage will be displayed through that portal and expand to fill the entire screen in your hands. You can then use the controller's rumble and tactile feedback and more to play everything like you do on a TV. When your internet connection becomes unstable, your device will downgrade the appearance of the game rather than launching you. Rather than force the game to reconnect with pixel soup, it becomes a strange messy visual artifact.
Monster Hunter Wilds looks perfect on the PS portal… when the device works. Photo: Capcom
I've played a lot of game streaming “solutions” over the years (at first GaikaiBack in 2009, we streamed games like World of Warcraft from the cloud, and at the time it was very novel and not always optimal. No matter how good your internet connection was, it has always been too much delayed. The streamed games always looked significantly worse. There was never wifi very It's reliable. However, the portal works surprisingly well in the wifi at my home. Monster Hunter looks perfect. It's a tough action game so lag feels like it's not playable right away, but I was able to play on the portal for hours without being too annoyed.
You can also use the portal to play PS5 games away from home and use your device to turn the console remotely in an empty house (tip: Yank to not turn on the TV before leaving the HDMI cable). I took the portal on a semi-annual holiday with my family – certainly more convenient than packing the entire console and all of its gubbins – and then tried connecting from my hotel room to my home's PlayStation 5. It took a few times, but did I also work on the hotel wifi. Unfortunately, in this situation, the quality of the streaming was very poor, and the game got worse on the PSP 15 years ago, making the delay seem unbearable. It wasn't the on-the-go PlayStation gaming experience I wanted.
The portal is a handy little gadget – at home, when it works. And that's the case for all kinds of internet-dependent game streaming: it's good When it works. One day, I want to be able to play games wherever I am, without sacrificing the quality of my game, but streaming technology hasn't gotten there yet. It's certainly getting better. I've streamed games from my Xbox Game Pass library from my Home Console Game Pass library and occasionally had problems. But what I really want is that I can stream games to the handheld when I'm in my office or while traveling.
The Nintendo Switch was released eight years ago, but it remains the gold standard for hybrid games at home/outdoors as it does not rely on an internet connection. It just works seamlessly. Pick it up, bring it in, put it in the dock, and it will appear on the TV right away. Switch changed my life by adjusting time for games with work, friends, travel and family. Steam decks are also transformative, allowing you to take games you review (or enjoy) from the office to the home, or play on long distance flights. We're used to this now almost ten years later, but it was really one of the most innovative technical things the console has achieved.
Until the Big Nintendo Switch 2 event becomes two events on April 2nd, we'll learn more about what this next console actually can do. Given that this is Nintendo, I would be surprised if internet-based game streaming was part of the new console offering. Nintendo tends to favor older, proven technology than risky bets. It's been eight years that Nintendo's competitors have completed alternative, neglected gaming solutions. Perhaps that's not possible. It's no wonder Switch 2 is stuck with what works.
What to do
Ambitious, gentle and stupid… split fiction Photo: Electronic Arts
The manufacturer of the cooperative divorce platformer unexpectedly sold 230,000 copies. This will work if publishers remember this safe betting age – Divided fiction It's an ambitious, kind and stupid game about two writers who are forced to live in each other's stories. Sci-fi writer Mio and fantasy writer Zoe will compete in a meeting at Big Publishing House. Just jail in a machine that steals futuristic ideas.
This game requires two players. This is because it completely relies on working together on both puzzles and action bits. (Don't worry if there is a difference in skills between you and your future cooperative partner. One player can do most of the heavy lifts if necessary.) This was designed around cooperative play, whether this is full and playing with friends, partners, or older kids.
Available at: PC, Xbox, PlayStation 5 Estimated playtime: 15 hours
What to read
Never Better Skate… Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 3 + 4. Photo: Steam
Tony Hawk's Pro Skator I'm back again. The third and fourth entries in the series are Remastered by ActivisionAnd then I'm off in the summer.
Activision performed a bunch Scary AI-ART ads Last weekend, on Instagram for a game Please don't actually exist. The ads link to a survey to a survey that is likely to measure interest in fake games, but instead everyone is talking about the band. Guitar Hero Mobile There are no four guitarists, singers, or phantom drummers.
Rockstar has I bought an Australian studio It is executed by Brendan McNamaradirector of the 2011 detective drama game La Noire, was also published by Rockstar. His previous studio, Team Bondi, was closed shortly after Rawar ended his past development. A toxic, oppressive, crunchy work culture Leading by McNamara.
Game Industry Analysts Matt Piscaterra Running the numbers, I discovered that 40% of all the time spent playing games in the US in January was spent playing The same 10 live service gamesMost of them are age. Draw a dark picture for developers who are about to break into this space.
My favourites from the past… Arcadia Sky. Photo: Dean Mortlock/Super8 Media
There was something wrong with the answer in question block last week: Doug I wrote it saying it was a Nintendo switch I'll do it I now have the YouTube app, but fortunately he says that parental control is enough to stop my 11 and 8 year olds from constantly loading it again.
Thanks to readers for this week's questions Emily:
“Did you previously love the game that you didn't enjoy playing today?”
Artist's impression of the moon's Athena spaceship
NASA
This week, a private space mission was launched on the moon, aiming to reach the southernmost point we've ever visited on the moon. The Athena spacecraft, built by an intuitive US-based machine, will be released from NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida at 12:17am on February 27th (7:17pm on February 26th). It will be installed on the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. Also, several other missions hitch on the same rocket, including expeditions that mine asteroids.
The intuitive machine became the first private company to succeed on the moon last year when Odysseus' spacecraft landed near the moon's Antarctica. The spacecraft's instruments remained in operation, but Odysseus made a troublesome landing, flipped over, limiting the amount of data the equipment could collect, and shortening the mission.
The company hopes for a cleaner landing as Athena begins its descent towards the end of March. The planned landing site is near the highest mountain on the moon, the lunar mewton, about 60 kilometers from Antarctica, and Athena's attempts have become the most southern approach to date. If the ship is successful, it will start a moon night and operate for several weeks on par with the moon in a day before it loses power.
Athena carries over 10 musical instruments and missions from both NASA and other private companies. That's not all. The Falcon 9, the same one that fires Athena at the moon, also carries three unrelated spacecraft. These are asteroid-controlled spacecraft from space company Astroforge, and the first mission of this kind will investigate potential minable metal space rocks later this year. You can also map water to the moon along with NASA's lunar satellite aboard, looking for future landing sites. The third spacecraft, built by epic aerospace, is designed to help other satellites move between orbits.
Once Athena lands, NASA instruments will excavate up to 1 meter into the lunar soil to sample it, then look at water sediments and other chemicals. NASA would like to know if these will be present in sufficient quantities for future astronauts to be used as part of the Artemis Moon Landing, which is planned for the agency to be released in 2027. It's there.
Several small rovers will also be released near the landing site, including the plant pot-sized Yaokirovers of Japanese company Dimon. The heavier 10kg mobile autonomous exploration platform (MAPP), built by Space Company Lunar Outspost, explores and creates 3D maps of landing sites, testing how the 4G phone network built by Nokia works in a Lunar environment. Masu. Sitting on a mapp will be a much smaller, ant-sized robot built by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
The intuitive machine deploys a suitcase-sized hopping robot called Grace. Grace runs a series of four hops, jumping into the air up to 100 meters, travelling a distance of about 200 meters until it lands in a deep, permanently shaded crater. Scientists have seen evidence that these areas do not get warmer than -170°C (-274°F), but have never been visited in person. Grace scans the bottom of this crater. This crater is scanned for about 45 minutes, about 20 meters below, before popping out again.
IThis was one of the most impressive technology events of the year. On October 13, Starship, the world’s largest and most powerful rocket, blasted into space from a launch pad in Texas. The main booster reached an altitude of more than 65 km and then began returning to Earth at speeds exceeding the speed of sound.
A crash was averted when the rocket, developed by Elon Musk’s SpaceX company, reignited its engines, slowed, and came to a grinding halt above the tower from which it had launched just seven minutes earlier. The scissor’s claws grabbed the massive launcher, gripping it tightly, ready to refurbish and fire again.
“Today is textbook day in engineering history,” said SpaceX engineer Kate Tice.
prestigious research journal science “This feat heralds a new era of affordable heavy-lift rockets that can reduce the cost of doing science in space,” the company said last month in awarding Starship’s October flight. Announced. This year’s breakthroughs.
Elon Musk’s company plans 25 Starship flights in 2025. Photo: Argi February Sugita/ZUMA Press Wire/REX/Shutterstock
Musk’s company has already cut the cost of putting cargo into Earth orbit by one-tenth, the magazine said. Further reductions of similar magnitude can be expected when Starship, the most powerful launcher ever built and designed to be completely and rapidly reusable, becomes fully operational later this year, it added.
This view is shared by many space engineers, who believe Starship is poised to take a major leap forward with a schedule of launches every two to three weeks. SpaceX engineers have learned how to salvage and reuse the main booster stage and plan to do the same with the upper stage this year.
With a total of 25 flights planned over the next year, this is an incredibly ambitious program. “You don’t have to be a rocket scientist to understand that their research schedule is unprecedented,” astrophysicist Ehud Behar, a Technion professor at the Israel Institute of Technology, told the website Space.com.
For scientists, the benefits of Starship are clear. The cost of missions on reusable launch vehicles could drop significantly from current levels, making it possible to conduct research in space that was previously unaffordable. This point is important, he said. science In an editorial about Starship’s achievements, he said:
Until now, access to space was too precious to risk failure, the magazine said, and NASA missions tested components over and over again, driving up costs. “But regular Starship flights will give scientists more opportunities, allowing them to build instruments using inexpensive off-the-shelf parts and launch them more frequently.”
In addition to single vehicles, fleets of robotic probes could be sent to Mars, and fleets of mirror segments could be flown in formation to create giant self-assembling telescopes in space. While such a vision is exciting, there are downsides to Musk’s rocket success.
Elon Musk has grand ambitions to colonize Mars. Photo: Dot Zebra/Alamy
First, Starship could destroy NASA’s own rocket system, the troubled and extremely expensive Space Launch System (SLS), which the agency has been planning for decades. Unlike the reusable Starship, its rocket is expendable, while launching SLS will cost billions of dollars compared to the $10 million goal Musk has planned for the system. It is expected that it will cost. Many scientists predict that Starship will eliminate the need for SLS within a few years.
Another major problem for many scientists involved with SpaceX is that they have difficulty accepting Musk’s right-wing politics and close ties to Donald Trump. He is a vocal critic of U.S. immigration policy, has disdain for many Democratic politicians, and was recently given permission by President Trump to cut $500 billion from the U.S. federal budget.
In any case, Musk’s hopes for Starship have less to do with scientific aspirations and much more to do with his desire to eventually begin colonizing Mars using giant rockets. Last September, he promised that SpaceX would launch its first unmanned Starship mission to Mars in two years. If successful, manned flights would follow within four years. Ultimately, Musk said he envisions a potential colony of up to 1 million people on Mars within 30 years.
The controversial billionaire’s plans brought him a lot of attention and ridicule. Indeed, we have sent humans on a 140-meter-mile journey to the Red Planet, survived blasts of dangerous cosmic radiation, and figured out how to grow food in an atmosphere where water is scarce and the average pressure is less than 1% that of Earth’s oceans. Finding the level – challenging to say the least.
NASA’s Space Launch System at Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Photo: Jennifer Briggs/ZUMA Press Wire/REX/Shutterstock
Leaving Earth for Mars is “like leaving a cluttered room to live in a toxic waste dump,” Kelly and Zach Weinersmith write in their book. Cities on Mars: Can and should we settle in space? And have we really thought about this?, which one Winner of the 2024 Royal Society Trivedi Scientific Book Award.
This is a view echoed by Astronomer Royal’s Martin Rees, who has also attacked Musk’s Mars proposal. “We should never expect mass immigration from Earth,” he says. “It’s a dangerous delusion to think that space can escape Earth’s problems. We have to solve them here. Dealing with climate change may seem daunting, but Mars Nowhere in our solar system are environments as harsh as Antarctica, the ocean floor, or the top of Mount Everest.
“For ordinary risk-averse people, ‘Planet B’ does not exist.”
From this perspective, Starships may have some impact on space science, but they are unlikely to change the course of human history.
Golden rice is genetically modified to produce beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A
Ili
Farmers in the Philippines may be able to continue growing golden rice, which has been genetically modified to fight malnutrition, despite a court ruling revoking permits to grow it.
Adrian Duboc, a member of the Golden Rice Humanitarian Committee that guided the production of Golden Rice, said the Philippine government would oppose the decision. “A challenge will be filed in the Court of Appeals and I think it will probably be successful,” he says.
Golden Rice was developed to combat vitamin A deficiency, a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. As a result, it is estimated as follows. Up to 500,000 children go blind every yearHalf of them die within a year.
This is completely preventable if the child eats sufficient amounts of vitamin A or foods containing vitamin A precursors such as beta-carotene. This orange pigment, found in vegetables such as carrots, is converted into vitamins in the body.
In the 1980s, a group of scientists set out to genetically modify rice to contain beta-carotene, and it became known as golden rice because of its color.
The project became a major target for campaigners against genetically modified crops, and adoption of Golden Rice was significantly delayed. “The suspicions raised by Greenpeace were very effective,” Dubock said.
In 2021, the Philippines became the first country to approve the cultivation of golden rice (locally known as Marsog or healthy rice). It was previously approved as safe to eat. It is also approved for human consumption in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Rice cultivation and consumption is promoted by the Philippine Rice Institute, a government corporation.
This means that over the past three years, those who could benefit from that rice have finally been able to eat it. For example, the city of San Mateo introduced golden rice this year to its school lunch program for severely underweight infants.a recent research One in six children under the age of five in the Philippines has been found to be vitamin A deficient.
However, on April 17, the Philippine Court of Appeals revoked Golden Rice's permit following a lawsuit filed by Greenpeace Southeast Asia and other groups.
“This decision is a monumental victory for Filipino farmers and Filipinos who have been fighting against genetically modified (GM) crops for decades,” said Greenpeace Southeast Asia activist Wilhelmina Peregrina. stated in a statement.
Dubock said it is his understanding that the court's decision was based on a specific technical error that occurred during the approval process. “We have to assume that the Philippine government will win the appeal,” he says.
in a statementthe Philippine Rice Research Institute said it is reviewing the impact of the court's decision to prepare a response.
Scientists have also applied for permission to grow golden rice in Bangladesh, but the country has been delaying a decision since 2017. “The need is greater than the Philippines,” Duboc said.
There is also significant vitamin A deficiency in many African countries, he says.
In his own research, Dubock compared the health outcomes of children eating golden rice to other types of rice, and hopes the results will encourage more countries to adopt golden rice.
EEveryone wants to be like Apple. The world’s largest publicly traded company, with a flagship product that prints money, a cultural footprint that has reached world-historical significance, and the Ford of the 21st century.
At a surface level, it’s clear which companies get hammered in this comparison. If you send out a well-crafted, smartly designed home appliance in a nice box, someone somewhere will compare you to the Cupertino giant.
Digging a little deeper allows for more meaningful comparisons. Apple isn’t just defined by its style, it’s also defined by its focus. A small number of computers, phones, and tablets in a small number of configurations account for most of the revenue.
That focus has allowed the company to develop a reputation for quality. Of course, it also contributed to its formidable media strategy, making every product launch an industry event in a way that few have been able to imitate before. This is what I was thinking nearly a decade ago when I referred to gaming giant Blizzard, creator of World of Warcraft and Diablo, as “his Apple of gaming.” (Now owned by Microsoft and plagued by allegations of misconduct, Blizzard’s star has since fallen.)
But there’s something else that makes Apple what it is today, and it’s difficult for startups to imitate. The Apple they see is just the latest evolution of a company that was an industry giant before the latest generation of founders were born. The Apple II, Mac, and iMac all shaped computing for 25 years before the iPod turned Apple into a consumer electronics company. And the iPod gave Apple another decade of growth and sophistication, until the iPhone came along and created the behemoth it is today.
HHydrogen is a fascinating substance, being the lightest element. When it reacts with oxygen, only water is produced and an abundance of energy is released. This invisible gas looks like the clean fuel of the future. Some of the world's top automakers hope it will usurp batteries as the technology of choice for zero-emissions driving.
In our EV myth-busting series, we've looked at a range of concerns, from car fires to battery mining, range anxiety to cost concerns and carbon emissions. Many critics of electric cars argue that gasoline and diesel engines should not be abandoned. This article asks whether hydrogen offers a third way and has the potential to overtake batteries.
Claim
Many of the strongest arguments for the role of hydrogen in the auto industry are coming from CEOs at the heart of the industry. Japan's Toyota is the most vocal promoter of hydrogen, with Chairman Akio Toyoda saying last month that he expects the share of battery cars to peak at 30%, with hydrogen and internal combustion engines making up the rest. Toyota's Mirai is one of the only widely available hydrogen-powered vehicles, along with Hyundai's Nexo SUV.
“Hydrogen is the missing piece of the jigsaw when it comes to emission-free mobility,” Oliver Zipse, president of German automaker BMW, said last year. BMW may be investing heavily in battery technology, but the company is testing the BMW iX5 hydrogen fuel cell vehicle despite using Toyota's fuel cells. “One technology alone is not enough to enable climate-neutral mobility around the world,” said Zipse.
science
Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, but that doesn't mean it's easily available on Earth. Most of today's pure hydrogen is made by decomposing carbon from methane, which releases carbon. Zero-emission “green hydrogen” is produced through electrolysis. In other words, it uses clean electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.
To use hydrogen as a fuel, it can be burned or used in fuel cells. Hydrogen reacts with oxygen in the air in the presence of a catalyst (often made of expensive platinum). This strips the electrons flowing through the electrical circuit and charges the battery, which can power the electric motor.
According to Jean-Michel Billig, chief technology officer for hydrogen fuel cell vehicle development at Stellantis, hydrogen enables refueling in four minutes, higher payload and longer range. (The Mirai can travel 400 miles on a full tank.) Stellantis, which began producing hydrogen vans in France and Poland last month, is targeting companies that want to use their vehicles all the time but don't want the downtime required to charge them. .
“They need to be on the streets,” Billig said. “If there are no taxis running, you will be losing money.”
Stellantis believes it can lower sticker prices. Billig said that although the company manufactures both, he expects “by the end of this decade, hydrogen mobility and BEVs will be on par from a cost perspective.”
Many energy experts do not share hydrogen carmakers' enthusiasm. Tesla CEO Elon Musk has described this technology as “sold by idiots.” Why use green electricity to make hydrogen when you can use the same electricity to power your car?
All energy conversion involves wasted heat. This means that hydrogen fuel necessarily provides less energy to the vehicle. (These losses are even greater when hydrogen is directly combusted or used to make electronic fuels that replace gasoline and diesel in noisy, hot internal combustion engines.)
David Sebon, professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Cambridge, said: “With green hydrogen, it would take around three times more electricity to produce the hydrogen to power a car than just to charge the battery. “It will be.”
This may be a slight improvement, but not enough to cause problems with the battery. “It's hard to do anything much better than this,” Sebon said.
Michael Liebreich, chairman of Liebreich Associates and founder of analyst firm Bloomberg New Energy Finance, is an influential “Hydrogen ladder” – A league table ranking the use of hydrogen in terms of whether there are cheaper, easier or more likely alternatives. He placed automotive hydrogen on the “doom row”, with little opportunity even in niche markets.
Can hydrogen overtake car batteries? “The answer is no,” Liebreich said without hesitation. He added that carmakers betting on a large share of hydrogen would be “completely wrong” and set for costly disappointments.
The main problem with hydrogen cars is not the fuel cells, but actually delivering clean hydrogen where it is needed. This gas is highly flammable, with all the attendant safety concerns, so it must be stored under pressure and easily leaks. It also contains less energy per unit volume than fossil fuels, so unless you use electrolyzers on site, you will need many times more tankers.
The United States and Europe are beginning to invest in hydrogen supplies with heavy government subsidies. But so far, it has been a chicken-and-egg problem. Buyers don't want hydrogen cars because they can't fill them up, and since there are no cars, there are no filling stations. According to the European Hydrogen Observatory, there are 178 hydrogen filling stations in Europe, half of them in Germany. In the UK, he compares nine hydrogen stations to 8,300 petrol stations or his 31,000 public charging locations (not including household plugs).
Are there any precautions?
So why does the International Energy Agency think hydrogen will account for 16% of road transport in 2050 on the path to net zero? The answer lies primarily in heavy vehicles such as buses and trucks .
Liebreich said he is so convinced that batteries will continue to dominate the energy supply for heavy-duty vehicles that he co-founded a truck charging company. “HGVs may contain hydrogen, but it will be in the minority,” he said.
Speaking to Autocar in October, even Toyota admitted that the use of hydrogen in cars has so far been “unsuccessful” primarily due to fuel supply shortages. said Hiroki Nakajima, technical director. Trucks and coaches have high hopes for the technology, and the company is also prototyping a hydrogen version of its Hilux pickup truck.
What kind of energy supply will govern heavy goods vehicles? Photo: Dan Kitwood/Getty Images
verdict
As government enthusiasm waxes and wanes, the economics of hydrogen will change as well. Other changes may occur. As technology improves (within limits), gas may become more attractive, and prospectors may be able to find cheap “white hydrogen” drilled out of the ground.
However, when it comes to cars, it seems like the deal has already been settled. Batteries are already the second choice after gasoline for almost all manufacturers. According to the Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Trade Association, fewer than 300 hydrogen cars will be sold in the UK over 20 years, compared to 1 million electric cars.
The battery advantage is likely to grow even further as research and infrastructure dollars address issues of range and charging time. Compared to that flood of investment, hydrogen is a tiny fraction.
Proponents of hydrogen now face the question of whether they can build a profitable business in transporting long-distance, heavy goods by road. They need answers soon about where they will get enough green, cheap hydrogen and whether that gas is better used elsewhere.
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