Breath-Taking Photos of Global Glacial Regions Captured by Sebastião Salgado

Sebastião Salgado's photography highlights environmental issues and the beauty of untouched landscapes.

Stunning Photo of the South Sandwich Islands by Sebastião Salgado, 2009

Photo by Sebastião Salgado

Sebastião Salgado is renowned for his poignant portraits that depict humanity’s struggles in a tumultuous world. His impactful work covers significant events, from the assassination attempt on U.S. President Ronald Reagan to conflicts in Africa, the Balkans, and the Middle East, and also chronicles the lives of workers and immigrants around the globe.

After documenting the Rwandan genocide, Salgado faced a personal crisis and withdrew to his family’s Brazilian farm, disheartened by the environmental devastation. Motivated by what he observed, he dedicated himself to restoring the Atlantic rainforest, which reignited his passion for photography. His acclaimed project, Genesis, captures the planet’s “untouched and undestroyed” areas, from Alaska’s mountains to the Amazon’s indigenous communities. These journeys transformed him into a staunch environmental advocate, as expressed in a separate interview.

Glaciers is a newly released book posthumously showcasing 65 breathtaking black-and-white images of glaciers, taken during Salgado’s Genesis project. These captivating frames capture both grand and subtle movements within frigid landscapes. The main image features a parade of penguins leaping from an iceberg into the turbulent waters of the South Sandwich Islands, while another captures a seabird swooping near an ice tower within the same region.

Remarkable shot captured by Sebastião Salgado in 2009, between Bristol and Bellingshausen Islands.

Photo by Sebastião Salgado

However, these majestic images remind us that glaciers are rapidly vanishing, with approximately 1,000 disappearing each year. The situation is dire: current projections indicate that nearly 80% of glaciers may be lost by 2100, which includes vast regions in western Canada, the United States, and the Alps.

Incredible image of Kluane National Park and Reserve, captured by Sebastião Salgado in 2011

Photo by Sebastião Salgado

The above image showcases a grand glacier wending through the majestic landscapes of Canada’s Kluane National Park. The following image exhibits clouds swirling around the ice formations atop Cerro Torre in Patagonia.

Stunning photo of Cerro Torre, Patagonia, captured by Sebastião Salgado in 2007

Photo by Sebastião Salgado

The following image shows a glacier calving at the rocky shores of Chile’s Torres del Paine National Park, illustrating the profound effects of climate change, as both surfaces have been sculpted by the relentless flow of ice.

Calving glacier in Torres del Paine National Park, Chile, photographed by Sebastião Salgado in 2007

Photo by Sebastião Salgado

Topics:

This rewrite maintains the original HTML structure while enhancing SEO through improved descriptions, relevant keywords, and optimized image alt text.

Source: www.newscientist.com

Geomagnetic Storm Unleashes Breathtaking Auroras Across US Skies

Energetic solar particles are racing toward Earth, illuminating the skies as far south as Florida in a brilliant display. Meteorologists report that the intensity was powerful enough to damage several radios.

Colors of red, purple, and green adorned the skies over Alabama, Ohio, and Texas. Forecasters from the Space Weather Prediction Center indicated that the geomagnetic storm could strengthen further as the “last and most energetic CME” – a coronal mass ejection – has not yet passed and is expected to reach Earth by Wednesday afternoon.

The aurora shines over Minneapolis, Minnesota, thanks to significant geomagnetic activity and enhanced solar forces.
Steven Garcia/Reuters

A CME represents a spectacular event where massive clouds of protons, electrons, and magnetic fields are expelled from the Sun’s outer atmosphere at immense speeds.

Upon reaching Earth’s magnetic field, known as the magnetosphere, it interacts with particles surrounding Earth, creating vibrant auroras in the northern hemisphere and auroras australis in the southern hemisphere.

The Northern Lights illuminate the night sky above Monroe, Wisconsin on Tuesday.
Ross Khalid/NurPhoto (via Getty Images)

Sean Dahl, a forecaster at the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center located in Boulder, Colorado, noted that two CMEs have already impacted Earth, resulting in a geomagnetic storm measuring a G4 on the scale of five.

The overall magnetic field strength from these CMEs is “not only eight times stronger than usual, but also conducive for continued activity right now,” Dahl explained in a video. Posted on X.

Meteorologists cautioned that this geomagnetic storm could lead to power fluctuations, degraded GPS service, and sporadic radio disruptions.

The Northern Lights captured in Athens, Ohio on Tuesday night.
Ellie Beckaden

“Watches of this nature are exceedingly rare,” the Space Weather Prediction Center expressed in an advisory.

“We anticipate that the magnetic cloud, which is the ‘core’ of the current CME, is traversing Earth and will continue to do so throughout the night,” the agency declared early Wednesday.

A third, even more potent CME is expected to arrive on Wednesday, potentially allowing the aurora borealis to be visible further south.

Dahl mentioned that the second-highest level advisory would remain valid for several more hours, with a possibility of reaching the highest rating, G5.

Aurora over Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Steven Garcia/via Reuters

Source: www.nbcnews.com

Breathtaking Images Showcase the Battle to Safeguard Earth’s Diverse Biodiversity

Malaysian tropical longhorn beetle

Kim Hee Yu

“It had an unusual expression, reminiscent of an alien, but it wasn’t hostile. It remained motionless on the branch throughout,” said Kim Hui Yu, the photographer of the long-eared longhorn beetle during a family visit to Gunung Jerai on Malaysia’s west coast.

A light bulb inside the mosquito net drew invertebrates during the night. In the morning, she selected the most vibrant ones for photographs. “I want to raise awareness that every creature, even the tiniest, has its place. So we must protect our forests.”

The image titled alien is one of eight featured in the Natural History Museum’s 2025 Biodiversity Exhibit. Visit the Wildlife Photographer of the Year exhibition, opening in London on October 17th. The collection includes images from past contests.

The exhibit also showcases a large map illustrating biodiversity levels based on the Biodiversity Intact Index developed by museum researchers.

4 month old black rhino calf

Hilary O’Leary

Hannah McCartney, who oversees the contest, emphasizes the significant influence of images. The aim is to motivate viewers to notice and act. A prime example includes Innocent Betrayed by Hilary O’Leary, showcasing a four-month-old black rhino calf interacting with an anti-poaching scout, captured while the calf was lost in the brush.

Berchtesgaden National Park in the German Alps

marc graff

high and wild, captured by Mark Graf, presents a different perspective on the potential losses of nature. This shot shows trees and rocks emerging from sunlit clouds within Berchtesgaden’s national park.

Intimate moments between harlequin toads

Jaime Culeblas

Jaime Culebras’ happy couple captures mating harlequin toads in Colombia’s Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta National Natural Park, home to numerous endangered species.

Caitlin Woods, marine ranger off Lord Howe Island

Justin Gilligan

rich reflections by Justin Gilligan captures marine ranger Caitlin Woods snorkeling among the vibrant seaweed off Lord Howe Island, located between Australia and New Zealand.

Interspecies showdown

Morgan Heim

A close encounter between a pygmy rabbit and a stink bug, both found in rabbit burrows, was captured in burrow mate by Morgan Heim in the Columbia Basin, Washington.

Red kite takes off in the UK

owen hearn

flight path: Owen Hearn’s image juxtaposes the close-up of a red kite with a distant airplane silhouette. This pivotal photo was taken at a Bedfordshire site once selected as London’s third major airport, a project halted due to public opposition. Currently, this location offers a unique vantage point for wildlife photography. While the red kite population has dramatically recovered following its near extinction due to historical persecution, Britain remains one of the most depleted nations in terms of wildlife.

Life beneath the ice off the coast of Antarctica

Laurent Ballesta

Laurent Ballesta’s pyramid of life illustrates the biodiversity thriving beneath East Antarctica’s ice, featuring giant ribbon worms and starfish.

The Wildlife Photographer of the Year competition is celebrating its 61st year, with judges evaluating a record 60,000 entries, compared to just 341 in 1965. Winners will be revealed on October 14th.

<section class="ArticleTopics" data-component-name="article-topics">
    <p class="ArticleTopics__Heading">topic:</p>
</section>

Source: www.newscientist.com

The Bird is Astonished by the Breathtaking New Photos

Capturing birds in photographs can be quite challenging. Their speed, grace, and unpredictable nature can pose difficulties for photographers. Yet, their vibrant colors and iridescent feathers have long captivated those behind the camera. Today, a stunning array of images, showcasing the talent of over 50 photographers from across the globe, takes center stage in the Bird Center.

Birds: Modern Photographic Birds is a remarkable 200-page journey through the enchanting world of birds. Unlike typical bird books that categorize by species or habitat, Aviary adopts a fresh perspective. It presents six thematic chapters that explore the bond between humans and birds through imaginative performances such as “sanctuary” and “meetings.” The collection blends several disciplines, including art, fashion, documentary filmmaking, and ornithology.

Mario CEA, The Blue Trail, 2015.

Mario CEA

Some photographs astound with their simplicity, while others impress with their dynamic capture of movement and intricate details. For example, a striking image freezes a Kingfisher mid-dive, its vibrant blue stripes contrasting with the calm waters (as shown above), masterfully captured by Mariocia.

Red-crowned Crane Courtship.

Alan Walker

In Alan Walker’s image (above), two of the rarest and largest birds, the red-crowned cranes, engage in a courtship display, their heads elegantly arched as soft snow falls around them. Meanwhile, the radiant flamingos captured by Robert Clark appear to rest peacefully, their heads tucked into their feathers, evoking the essence of a traditional oil painting.

Aviary by Danáe Panchaud and William A. Ewing will be available September 11th, with official release on October 14th.

Source: www.newscientist.com

Hubble Space Telescope Reveals Breathtaking Images of Ancient Spherical Clusters

Recent images from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope highlight NGC 1786, a spherical cluster located in the constellation of Dorado.



This Hubble image depicts NGC 1786, a spherical cluster approximately 163,000 light-years away in the Dorado constellation. The color images were created from various exposures captured in visible and near-infrared regions of the spectrum using Hubble’s Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3). Three filters sampled different wavelengths. Colors were assigned by applying distinct hues to each monochromatic image related to individual filters. Image credits: NASA/ESA/Hubble/M. Monelli/M Hözsaraç.

Spherical clusters are ancient star systems, bound together by gravity, typically spanning around 100-200 light-years.

These clusters host hundreds of thousands, or even millions, of stars. The significant masses at the cluster’s core attract stars inward, forming a spherical configuration.

Considered among the universe’s oldest known objects, spherical clusters are remnants from the early Galactic era. It’s believed that all galaxies harbor a population of these structures.

The Large Magellanic Cloud, a neighboring dwarf galaxy located about 163,000 light-years away, possesses roughly 60 spherical clusters, including NGC 1786.

This spherical cluster, also referred to as ESO 56-39, was discovered on December 20, 1835, by the British astronomer John Herschel.

“Data from the new image is derived from spherical clusters within Milky Way galaxies, including the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, as well as Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxies,” stated Hubble astronomers.

“Our galaxy contains over 150 of these extensively studied ancient spherical formations.

“Due to its stability and longevity, it acts as a galactic time capsule, preserving stars from the galaxy’s formative stages.”

“While it was once believed that all stars in spherical clusters formed nearly simultaneously, our research on ancient clusters within our galaxy has revealed multiple populations of stars of varying ages,” they further explained.

“To utilize spherical clusters as historical markers, it’s essential to comprehend their formation and the origins of stars from different ages.”

“This observational program analyzed older spherical clusters like NGC 1786 in external galaxies to determine whether they contained multiple star populations.”

“Such studies can provide insights into the original formation mechanisms of the Large Magellanic Cloud as well as the Milky Way galaxy.”

Source: www.sci.news

A Breathtaking Supernova Image Unveils a Star That Explodes Twice After Its Death

Two concentric rings surrounding the supernova remnant SNR 0509-67.5 indicate it underwent two explosions.

ESO/p. Das et al. Background stars (Hubble): K. Noll et al.

A white dwarf star located approximately 160,000 light years away has been observed to have exploded not once, but twice. Astronomers have discovered the first proof of a supernova being linked to dual explosions.

The White Dwarf Star represents a dead stellar body, much like our Sun, which has exhausted its nuclear fuel, leaving an Earth-sized core. When a white dwarf siphons material from a companion star, it can accumulate enough mass to trigger an explosion as a Type IA supernova.

The process by which a white dwarf becomes a supernova remains largely unclear. Some astronomers have theorized that two separate explosions might occur, but until now, there has been no concrete evidence supporting this.

Priyam Das, from the University of New South Wales in Canberra, along with colleagues, examined spectra acquired by a large telescope at the European Southern Observatory in Chile. Their studies of the supernova remnant in the Large Magellanic Cloud reveal two distinct concentric shells resulting from the explosions.

Das theorizes that the white dwarf must have amassed helium on its surface, potentially from a nearby helium-rich white dwarf or a giant helium-rich star, leading to its eventual explosion.

“We witness the initial helium explosion occurring very quickly, within a mere few dozen seconds; it all happens in an instant,” states Das.

The material ejected during the first explosion was recorded to be traveling at 25,000 kilometers per second. Hence, despite the second explosion taking place only seconds later, the two events are still separated by a significant distance.

The light from this cosmic explosion is believed to have reached Earth somewhere between 310 and 350 years ago. It would have shone brightly in the southern hemisphere’s night sky, but human records indicate there was no sighting, likely due to it being obscured by the Sun.

topic:

Source: www.newscientist.com

Hubble Captures the Breathtaking Barred Spiral Galaxy: IC 758

The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has captured a stunning new image of IC 758, a spiral galaxy located within the constellation Ursa Major.



This Hubble image depicts IC 758, a barred spiral galaxy located roughly 60 million light years from Earth in the Ursa Major constellation. The colorful image is based on observations from Hubble’s advanced cameras used for the Investigation of the Near-Infrared and Optical Parts (ACS). Two filters were utilized to capture different wavelengths, with colors assigned by applying distinct hues to each monochromatic image linked to an individual filter. Image credits: NASA/ESA/Hubble/C. Kilpatrick.

IC 758, located about 60 million light years from our planet in the constellation Ursa Major, is also known as Leda 38173 or UGC 7056.

This galaxy was discovered by the American astronomer Lewis Swift on April 17, 1888.

IC 758 is a member of the NGC 4036 Galaxy Group (also referred to as LGG 266), which encompasses more than 10 galaxies.

“In this captivating Hubble image taken in 2023, IC 758 appears serene, with its gentle blue spiral arm gracefully curving around its prominent Barred Center,” remarked a Hubble astronomer.

“However, in 1999, astronomers detected a significant event in this galaxy: the supernova SN 1999bg.”

“SN 1999BG marked the explosive conclusion of a star much larger than our sun.”

“We are still uncertain about the mass of this star before its explosion,” they added.

“Utilizing these Hubble observations, we can determine the mass of the nearby stars in SN 1999BG, aiding in the estimation of the supernova’s progenitor.”

“Hubble’s data might also provide insights into whether the precursor star of SN 1999BG has a companion.”

“A supernova signifies more than just the end of a single star; it is a formidable force that can influence its surroundings,” the astronomer noted.

“When a massive star collapses and triggers a supernova, its outer layers rebound from the diminishing core.”

“This explosion disrupts the interstellar medium of gases and dust from which new stars are born.”

“This upheaval may lead to the formation of new stars by scattering and heating adjacent gas clouds or compressing them to generate new stars.”

“The expelled outer layers also contribute to the materials needed for new star formation.”

Source: www.sci.news

Lucy shares breathtaking images from close encounter with asteroid Donald Johansson

The asteroid called Donald Johansson was captured by NASA’s Lucy spacecraft during a flyby on April 20, 2025. On the closest approach, the spacecraft was at a distance of 960 km (600 miles).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nyoezs04rhc

Donald Johansson is a carbonaceous asteroid located in the inner region of the main asteroid belt.

It was discovered by American astronomer Shertebas at the Siding Spring Observatory on March 2, 1981.

Donald Johansson had previously observed a large brightness variation over a 10-day period, so some of the expectations of members of the Lucy team were confirmed when the first image showed what appeared to be an elongated contact binary.

However, researchers were surprised by the strange shape of the narrow neck that connects the two leaves.

“The asteroid Donald Johansson has an incredibly complex geology,” says Dr. Hallevison, principal investigator at Lucy, a researcher at the Southwest Research Institute.

“A detailed study of complex structures reveals important information about the building blocks and collision processes that formed planets in the solar system.”

This image of the asteroid Donald Johansson was taken by Lucy Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (l’lorri) by the closest approach from a 1,100 km (660 miles) range. Image credits: NASA/GODDARD/SWRI/JOHNS HOPKINS APL/NOIRLAB.

From a preliminary analysis of the first available images collected by the spacecraft L’Lorri Imager, Donaldjohanson appears to be larger than originally estimated.

“In this first set of high-resolution images returned from the spacecraft, we cannot see a perfect asteroid because the asteroid is larger than the imager’s field of view,” the scientists explained.

“It takes up to a week for the team to downlink the rest of the encounter data from the spacecraft. This dataset provides a more complete image of the overall shape of the asteroid.”

“The NASA Headquarters researcher, Dr. Tom Staller, a scientist with the Lucy Program,” said:

“When Lucy reaches the Trojan asteroid, the chances that she may truly open a new window into the history of our solar system are immeasurable.”

Lucy’s first asteroid flyby target, Dinkinesch and Donald Johansson, are not the main science targets of the mission.

As planned, Dinkinesh Flyby was testing the mission’s system, but the encounter was a full dress rehearsal, with the team conducting a series of close observations to maximize data collection.

Data collected by Lucy’s other scientific instruments, the L’Ralph Color Imager and infrared spectrometers and L’TES thermal infrared spectrometers, will be acquired and analyzed over the next few weeks.

Lucy spacecraft will spend most of the rest of 2025 traveling through the main asteroid belt.

Lucy will encounter the mission’s first major target, the Jupiter Trojan Novel, in August 2027.

Source: www.sci.news

Hubble Captures Breathtaking Images of Obscure Planet Nebula

Officially named Kohoutek 4-55, this little-known planetary nebula is located within our Milky Way galaxy.



This Hubble image shows Kohoutek 4-55, a nebula of planets 4,600 light years away in the Cygnus constellation. Image credits: NASA/ESA/Hubble/K. Noll.

“The Nebula of Planets is a spectacular final exhibition at the end of the life of a giant star,” Hubble Astherm said in a statement.

“When the giant red star runs out of available fuel and flows the final gas layer, its compact core shrinks further, allowing for a final burst of fusion.”

“The exposed core reaches very high temperatures and emits very energetic UV rays, activating a huge cloud of casting gas.”

“Molecules in the gas are ionized and brighten.”

“Here, red and orange represent nitrogen molecules, green represent hydrogen, and blue represent nebulae oxygen.”

Kohoutek 4-55 is located approximately 4,600 light years away from the Cygnus constellation.

Also known as UHA 15 or G084.2+01.0, this nebula has an unusual multilayered form.

“The bright inner ring of the Kohoutek 4-55 is surrounded by a loose layer of gas, all wrapped in a wide halo of ionized nitrogen,” the astronomer said.

“The view is bittersweet. The short phase of the fusion of the cores ends tens of thousands of years, leaving behind a white dwarf who will never illuminate the surrounding clouds again.”

This image of Kohoutek 4-55 was captured by Hubble’s Widefield and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2).

“Installed in 1993 to replace the original Widefield and Planetary Camera (WFPC), WFPC2 was responsible for some of Hubble’s most persistent images and fascinating discoveries,” the researchers said.

“It was replaced in 2009 by Widefield Camera 3 (WFC3) during Hubble’s final service mission.”

“The data in this image was collected 10 days before the instrument was removed from the telescope, as a proper postponement for WFPC2,” he said.

“The latest and most advanced processing techniques are used to bring data to life once more, creating this breathtaking new view of Kohoutek 4-55.”

Source: www.sci.news

Unveiling the mysteries of the dark universe with a breathtaking new space map

The Euclidean Mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) has just released its first significant batch of research data, offering a fascinating glimpse into the vast cosmos.

This newly revealed image, covering a 63-square patch of the sky (over 300 times the size of a full moon), showcases millions of galaxies in intricate detail.

But this is just the beginning. The Euclidean mission, aimed at mapping the universe and unraveling the mysteries of dark matter and dark energy, which constitute 95% of the universe, has only just begun.

Launched in February 2024 and released in July 2023, Euclid is designed to survey a third of the sky, eventually capturing images of 1.5 billion galaxies. In just a week of observations, the mission has already spotted 26 million galaxies, some located an astounding 10.5 billion light years away.

Professor Carole Mandel, ESA’s director of science, described the release as “a treasure trove of information for scientists to delve into.” In an official statement, she highlighted Euclid’s role as the “ultimate discovery machine,” enabling astronomers to explore the grand structure of the universe with unparalleled precision.

The initial observations of the mission showcase Euclid’s capability to map the large-scale structures of the universe using high-resolution visible instruments (VIS) and near-infrared spectrometers (NISPs), capturing galaxies across vast distances and helping scientists track the intricate web-like structure of space.

This image shows not only light, gravity lenses within the cluster, but also a variety of huge galaxy clusters. The cluster near the center is called J041110.98-481939.3 and is almost 6 billion light years away. -ESA/EUCLID/EUCLID Image processing by CONSORTIUM/NASA, J.-C, Cuillandre, E. Bertin, G. Anselmi

“Euclid’s potential to unveil more about dark matter and dark energy from the massive structure of the Cosmic Web can only be realized once the entire survey is completed,” stated Dr. Clotilde Laigle, a scientist from the Euclidean Consortium.

“Nevertheless, this first data release offers a unique view into the vast organization of galaxies, providing insights into the formation of galaxies over time.”

With an immense data stream – sending back 100 GB of data to Earth per day – scientists are challenged with cataloging and analyzing an unprecedented number of galaxies. To tackle this, AI algorithms, in collaboration with thousands of citizen scientists, have categorized over 380,000 galaxies in their initial dataset.

The AI model known as “Zoobot” was trained over a month on the Galaxy Zoo platform with the help of nearly 10,000 volunteers to enhance their galaxy classification skills.

Dr. Mike Walmsley, an expert in astronomical deep learning at the University of Toronto, highlighted the significance of AI in processing Euclid’s vast datasets.

While scientists are still grappling with this first data release, many are already envisioning the future.

“Euclid will truly revolutionize our understanding of the universe,” stated Professor Christopher Conselice from the University of Manchester. He depicted the results as just “the tip of the iceberg,” foreseeing Euclid’s revelations about dark energy and a complete picture of galactic evolution throughout the ages.

The mission is still in its nascent stages, with the released data accounting for only 0.4% of Euclid’s final investigation scope. Setting the stage for even more profound discoveries, the initial data release indicates that Euclid is poised to offer a remarkable new perspective on the universe. In October 2026, ESA is expected to release Euclid’s first major cosmological dataset, covering larger research areas and multiple deep field paths.

If this initial glimpse is any indication, the coming years promise a deluge of data and discoveries that could redefine our understanding of the universe.

read more:

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Hera Asteroid Mission Captures Breathtaking Image of Deimos, Moon of Mars

Mars appears bright blue in this near-infrared image taken by Hera's spacecraft. The month's deimos is a dark mark towards the center of the image

ESA

Space exploration mission to study asteroids that NASA deliberately crashed a spacecraft three years ago takes stunning bonus images of Mars and its moon Deimos is on the way to his final destination.

NASA's 2022 Double Planet Redirect Test (DART) was an attempt to show that bodies on a collision course with the planet could be deliberately redirected to avoid catastrophic effects. Observations from Earth showed that NASA successfully alters the orbit of the asteroid by crushing the 610-kilogram ship into distant asteroid shaped leaves at 6.6 km/sec. Dimorphos did not present any risk to the Earth, and simply acted as a subject.

Hera is a subsequent European Space Agency mission designed to explore the effects of crashes in detail. The craft is the size of a small car weighing 1081 kilograms when fully fueled. It was released on October 7, 2024 from Cape Canaveral, Florida, aboard the SpaceX Falcon 9 Rocket, and on March 12, 2025 I made a flyby to Mars on my way to the asteroid.

Deimos looks dark surrounded by Mars

ESA

Hera came close to 5,000 kilometers to the surface of Mars, received a gravity boost and cast it at Dimorphos. The operation reduced travel time by months and saved fuel.

It was very close to Mars, but I was able to turn on the trio of sensors to take detailed photos of some of the planets. Demos in the same frame. We captured images, infrared cameras and hyperspectral imagers that can sense different colors beyond the limits of the human eye using a 1020 x 1020 pixel resolution.

Hera moved at 9 km/sec compared to Mars, allowing him to image Deimos, a distance of just 1000 kilometers, ranging from 12.4 kilometers long. You can also photograph the side of the moon, which is attractively trapped from Mars, but that's not very common.

Deimos shines much brighter than Mars in this shot taken by Hera's thermal infrared imager

ESA/JAXA

The first concept behind the Hera mission was that it existed when Dart collided with Dimorphos, but delays in funding made it impossible. It will arrive a few years after the impact.

The mission also features two miniature satellites, called Juventus and Milani, or Cubesat. Rather than rotating the traits, these will fly before them and make a drastic pass at smaller, risky distances to collect data. Both are expected to look better if they eventually land on an asteroid and do everything they can in the distance.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hu31-crtr9s

topic:

Source: www.newscientist.com

NOIRLab commemorates 5 years with breathtaking images of the Rosette Nebula

A new image of the Rosette Nebula is dark energy camera (DECam), mounted on NSF's Victor M. Blanco 4-meter telescope. Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory Program of NOIRLab, Chile.

Nestled within the fiery petals of the Rosette Nebula is NGC 2244, a young star cluster that the Rosette Nebula nurtured. Image credits: CTIO / NOIRLab / DOE / NSF / AURA / TA University of Alaska Anchorage Chancellor and NSF's NOIRLab / D. de Martin and M. Zamani, NSF's NOIRLab.

of rosette nebula It exists in the constellation Monoceros, about 5,000 light-years from Earth.

Also known as Caldwell 49, CTB 21, SH 2-275, or W 16, the object spans 1.3 degrees in the sky, about the width of your index finger at arm's length.

The diameter of the rosette nebula is 130 light years — More than five times the size of the Orion Nebula.

The former are four times as far apart, so their apparent sizes are similar.

“As striking as the nebula's 'petals' is the striking absence of gas at its center,” NOIRLab astronomers said in a statement.

“The culprits who drilled this hollow core are the most massive stars. NGC2244 -An open star cluster nurtured by a nebula. ”

“This cluster was formed about 2 million years ago after the nebula's gases coalesced into clumps due to their mutual gravity.”

“Eventually, some of the clumps grew into giant stars, producing stellar winds powerful enough to punch a hole in the center of the nebula.”

“NGC 2244's massive star also emits ultraviolet light, which ionizes the surrounding hydrogen gas and illuminates the nebula with vibrant colors,” the astronomers said.

“The undulating red cloud is a region of H-alpha radiation originating from high-energy hydrogen atoms that emit red light.”

“Along the walls of the central cavity and closer to the central giant star, the radiation has enough energy to ionize heavy atoms like oxygen, causing it to glow in shades of gold or yellow.”

“Finally, along the edges of the petals, thin tendrils of deep pink glow with light emitted from the ionized silicon.”

The bright, glowing features of the Rosette Nebula are certainly impressive. But its dark and shadowy features also attract attention.

“Surrounding the excavated core of this nebula is a series of dark clouds called 'elephant trunks', so named because of their trunk-like pillars,” the researchers said. .

“These structures are opaque because they contain invisible dust and form a boundary between the hot shell of ionized hydrogen and the cold hydrogen surrounding environment.”

“As the shell expands outward, it encounters a cold, clumpy gas that resists its push.”

“This forms an elongated trunk, the length of which extends like fingers towards the central cluster.”

“One of these dark features is the wrench trunk: its claw-like head visible in the upper right corner of the central cluster.”

“Unlike the typical Pillar of Creation trunk, which stands like a straight column, the wrench's 'handle' has an unusual spiral shape that traces the nebula's magnetic field.”

“Less obvious, but equally interesting, is the dark globlet.”

“These tiny dust clumps, sometimes round and sometimes teardrop-shaped, are smaller than the familiar globules and have a mass just a few times that of Jupiter.”

“We see a series of them near Wrench Trunk, but hundreds more are scattered throughout the Rosette Nebula.”

“These spherules could contain brown dwarfs or planets.”

“In about 10 million years, radiation from the hot, young stars in the NGC 2244 cluster will obliterate the nebula.”

“By then, the rosette will be gone and the giant stars will be left without their parent clouds.”

Source: www.sci.news

Astronomers find breathtaking galaxy collision in ancient universe

Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the Subaru Telescope, astronomers have discovered a merging pair of gas-rich galaxies that existed 12.8 billion years ago and housed a faint central quasar that may be the ancestor of some of the brightest and most massive quasars in the early universe.

Artist's impression of the quasars HSC J121503.42-014858.7 and HSC J121503.55-014859.3. Image courtesy of Izumi others., doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad57c6.

Quasars are luminous objects that gained energy from matter falling into supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies in the early universe.

The most accepted theory is that when two gas-rich galaxies merge to form one larger galaxy, the gravitational interaction between the two galaxies causes gas to fall towards a supermassive black hole in one or both of the galaxies, triggering quasar activity.

To test this theory, Dr. Takuma Izumi of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan used ALMA to study the oldest known pair of close quasars.

The quasars, named HSC J121503.42-014858.7 and HSC J121503.55-014859.3, were discovered by the Subaru Telescope's Hyper Suprime-Cam.

These objects are very faint, about 10 to 100 times fainter than highly luminous quasars at the same redshift.

“It is located approximately 12.8 billion light-years away, corresponding to the 'cosmic dawn' era when the universe was only 900 million years old, making it the farthest such quasar pair on record,” the astronomers said.

“Because of their faintness, we thought these objects were in the pre-merger stage, before the supermassive black holes rapidly grow.”

“However, observations with the Subaru Telescope only provide information about the central supermassive black hole, and it remains unclear whether the host galaxy is destined to merge and ultimately grow into a luminous quasar.”

“As a next step, we used the ALMA radio telescope to carry out observations of the host galaxies of these quasar pairs.”

“The results were surprising: the observed distribution of interstellar material and the nature of its motions indicated that these galaxies are interacting with each other.”

“They are definitely on a path to merge into one galaxy in the near future.”

“Furthermore, calculations from observational data reveal that the total gas mass of these galaxies – about 100 billion times the mass of the Sun – is comparable to or exceeds the gas mass in the host galaxies of most luminous quasars, which have extremely bright cores.”

“This enormous amount of matter should easily trigger and sustain the post-merger burst of star formation and fueling of the supermassive black hole.”

“These discoveries therefore represent a significant achievement in identifying the ancestors of luminous quasars and starburst galaxies, the most luminous objects in the early universe, from various perspectives, including galactic structure, motion and the amount of interstellar material.”

of Survey results Appears in Astrophysical Journal.

_____

Takuma Izumi others2024. Gas-rich galaxy merger harboring a low-luminosity twin quasar at z = 6.05: a likely progenitor of the most luminous quasars. ApJ 972, 116;doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad57c6

Source: www.sci.news

Chandra celebrates its 25th anniversary in space with 25 breathtaking photos

In celebration of our 25th anniversary NASA’s Chandra X-ray ObservatoryThe Chandra team has released 25 new images of cosmic objects and phenomena.

This collection of images was released to celebrate Chandra’s 25th anniversary. Image credit: NASA/CXC/SAO.

On July 23, 1999, the Space Shuttle Columbia launched into orbit carrying Chandra, the heaviest payload carried by the shuttle at the time.

Under the command of Commander Eileen Collins, the astronauts aboard Columbia successfully placed Chandra into a highly elliptical orbit roughly equivalent to one-third the distance to the Moon.

“For a quarter century, Chandra has made one amazing discovery after another,” said Dr. Pat Slane, director of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory’s Chandra X-ray Center.

“Astronomers have used Chandra to explore mysteries that were unknown when the telescope was built, including exoplanets and dark energy.”

“Chandra is a great success story for humanity and its pursuit of knowledge,” said Dr. Andrew Schnell, acting Chandra project manager at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center.

“The telescope’s incredible achievements have been made possible through the hard work and dedication of the team.”

The new series of images is a sample of the roughly 25,000 observations Chandra has taken during its quarter-century in space.

In 1976, Riccardo Giacconi and Harvey Tananbaum first proposed the mission that would become Chandra to NASA.

Eventually, Chandra was selected as one of NASA’s great observatories, along with the Hubble Space Telescope, the now-retired Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, and the Spitzer Space Telescope, each observing a different kind of light.

In 2002, Giacconi was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his pioneering contributions to astrophysics that led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources and laid the foundation for the development and launch of Chandra.

Today, astronomers continue to use Chandra data in conjunction with other powerful telescopes, including the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope and NASA’s Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE).

“On behalf of the STS-93 crew, we are incredibly proud of the Chandra X-ray Observatory and the talented team that built and launched this astronomical gem,” said Eileen Collins, commander of Space Shuttle Columbia, which launched Chandra into space in 1999.

“Chandra’s discoveries have continued to amaze and inspire us for the past 25 years.”

_____

This article is a version of a press release provided by NASA.

Source: www.sci.news

Harold Halibut: A Whimsical Puppet Adventure Game with Breathtaking Visuals in the Style of Wes Anderson meets Aardman

TTick, tick. In the dripping confines of Fedora 1, an aquatic space colony with an exquisite retro-futuristic design, it is time, not water, that exerts undeniable pressure on its inhabitants. A cataclysmic meteor looms on the horizon, threatening to wipe them out. But these endearingly eccentric characters, including the titular Harold, are in no hurry for anyone, preferring to spend their days wandering down the barrel of cosmic disaster.

It’s no surprise that a leisurely-paced adventure game like Harold Halibut was created by a team that takes a similarly slow approach to time. It’s been 14 years since game director Onat Hekimoglu came up with his first idea for his game while studying for his master’s degree in his lab in Cologne. At the time, it was a weird point-and-click adventure with pristine stop-motion visuals. Elements of that version still exist today, with the main character, Harold, a melancholy caretaker who spends his days looking out to sea. But over the years, the game has become more mechanically sophisticated, narratively expansive, and visually beautiful.

Well, Harold Halibut is a wonderful blend of analog and virtual, with so much tactility and convincing textures that you find yourself reaching for the screen at various points while playing the game. You may want to physically touch them.




Hekimoglu, who studied film before video games, notes this eerie quality, saying Harold Halibut is a game with “stylized” visuals that paradoxically seem “photorealistic.” Masu. Establishing the aesthetic took two years of intensive experimentation. Initially, it was a true stop-motion game made of puppets, with every frame painstakingly recorded on camera. However, Hekimoglu said, “Having his 2D sprite of his character stop motion on top of a beautifully lit photographic background didn’t feel right. There was no sense of unity. “. So his small team of four from his two studios in Cologne turned to this approach: The finished game, which involves manipulating figures around a complex virtual playset, feels as if it was created by Wes Anderson running wild at Aardman Animations. Art director Ole Tillman, who studied illustration at the Rhode Island School of Design before working at Disney, finds great joy in making dolls, rebuilding “broken connections from childhood” in the process. did. Simply placing a puppet in a room while devising a story allowed the imaginations of Tillman, Hekimogul, and studio co-founders Fabian Prusov and Daniel Beckman to stretch in unexpected directions.

Like classic sci-fi films like Solaris, the game’s drama unfolds on a macrocosmic and microcosmic scale, delving into the inner lives of its eccentric cast as they ponder the universe’s biggest questions. . In one sequence, Harold cries out as he cleans a giant filtration pump, and in that moment he transforms from a man who does a boring job without complaining to a man with long-repressed emotions. You can see it changing. This sweet and tender scene sets up the rest of the game. Harold searches for the meaning of his life in a surprisingly cozy corner of the universe.




Create an action figure around a complex virtual playset…Harold Halibut.
Photo: Slow Brothers

As development progressed, the technology behind Harold Halibut gradually improved as the team moved funds from one pot to another, working on ad-hoc contracts.Under experiment photogrammetry During the project phase, “it was clear that Unity had limitations.” [the software used to make the game]” says Hekimoglu. The lights were off. The engine couldn’t handle huge HD scans. However, in 2015, physically-based rendering arrived, making objects in games look more realistic. Another major software update brought the team closer to…

Tillman recalls that Harold Halibut’s unconventional development was the opposite of most games. “People typically start with the technical limitations and adapt their creative decisions to that,” he says. “We came up with the concept of world-building, the way things looked, the mood, the lighting, the atmosphere, his art very early on. And then it took a long time. [technology] To get closer to it. He says the team has now reached a satisfactory conclusion that “it looks exactly as we envisioned it a long time ago.”

Skip past newsletter promotions

It’s been 14 years since Hekimoglu’s original concept, but it would be inaccurate to say that Harold Halibut has ever been in the doldrums. development hell. Rather, this group of artists, outsiders to the video game industry, continued to work steadily, following a completely different commercial logic and on a completely different schedule. To be sure, there were some bad points as well. The mutual termination of his contract with publisher Curve Games, the coronavirus pandemic, and a crisis with his team that he says has reached a “breaking point.”

But events like these energized the group, Tillman said. For several months, the team vowed to each other, “No matter what happened, we would see it through to the end,” with the same determination as our unlikely hero, Harold.

Harold Halibut launches today on PC, PlayStation 5, and Xbox Series X

Source: www.theguardian.com

Experience the Tonight’s Moon Illusion: A Guide to Witnessing the Breathtaking “Moon Shadow”

The early crescent phase of the moon following the new moon is well located in the early spring evening sky. From February to March, the spring crescent moon looks very beautiful in the evening glow.

If you have binoculars or a small telescope, there are some things to keep in mind. Known as the clair-obscure effect, or trick of the light, this effect causes recognizable shapes to appear within a jumbled area of ​​moonlight and shadow. Two popular examples are known as Moons X and V. These occur simultaneously at different locations along the moon’s terminator (the line that separates night and day).

We spot them in the daytime sky around 12:40 a.m. on February 17th and again at 2:20 p.m. on March 17th. The effect lasts only a few hours.

Another striking Clair Obscure effect is the Jeweled Handle. This occurs a few days after the waxing moon, when the crooked peaks of the Montes Jura (Jura Mountains) are illuminated at dawn.

These Clare Obscure effects, or tricks of light, will be visible over the next month. Go outside on a sunny day and watch them. – Image credit: Pete Lawrence

Its unique arc appears to extend into the lunar night. This can be seen with just a keen eye, but is best seen with optical aids. The jeweled handle is best observed during daylight hours on February 19 at 3:50 p.m.

If the evening of March 13 is clear, the waxing moon will appear near bright Jupiter. If the skies are clear and you can see it with just your eyes, it’s a spectacular sight.

Speaking of eyes, if you have a small telescope, look at the southern part of the moon in a few days, on March 18th. Just before 8 p.m., the oval exterior of Clavius, the large crater, is mostly dark and shrouded in shadow.

Two exceptions are the raised crater rims that are illuminated within them. These form another perspective effect known as the Eye of Clavius.



read more:

Source: www.sciencefocus.com