Tim Winton Explores Dystopia: Is the Term Becoming an Opiate for Society?

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Tim Winton: “Some areas on our planet may overlook the reality of a world on fire, but Australia is not one of them.”

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<p>My grandparents were born at the close of the 19th century, during the age of horse-drawn carriages, while my parents experienced the rise of mass-produced machines, and I grew up in the space age.</p>

<p>Despite the challenges posed by world wars and the looming threat of nuclear annihilation, this period was marked by a steady increase in prosperity, security, and mobility—a liberating experience that reinforced our belief in human progress. With each generation, the prospects seemed to improve, making life better for my family.</p>

<p>However, that trajectory of improvement seems to have halted with my children, signifying not just the end of a dream, but the reality of a shared illusion collapsing.</p>

<p>The world I was born into is starkly different from the one I will leave for my grandchildren. They will not inherit the same sense of security that I had. This is a deeply troubling fact for me.</p>

<p>The reasons behind this decline in prospects are well-documented. The world suffers due to the energy practices we adopted to fuel prosperity. The advancement we once praised came with the cost of exploitation and environmental degradation, with progress often built on a bed of destruction.</p>

<p>Currently, our planet is already 1.5 degrees warmer since my grandparents’ time. If we continue on our current path, we risk doubling that temperature increase. A world as hot as ours is already chaotic, threatening ecosystems and the myriad species that depend on them. We must prevent the catastrophic scenario of the planet heating another 1.5 degrees, as this will render many regions nearly uninhabitable, resulting in the tragic loss of millions of lives and dire conditions for billions.</p>

<p>Among the many affected will be my descendants, which deeply resonates with me—the thought that the comfort and freedom I enjoyed were attained at the expense of their suffering is unbearable. <em>Juice</em> This is a nightmare for my family.</p>

<p>While there may be parts of our world where the reality of climate change can be evaded, Australia is not one of those places.</p>

<p>In my home in northwestern Australia, the climate is intensifying. Just yesterday, temperatures reached 50℃, and due to growing storm severity, many homes lack insurance.</p>

<p>When queried about why I chose to publish a dystopian novel at this point in my career, my irritation is tempered. They wonder why I shifted genres; in truth, I haven't changed directions—rather, the world around me has. The real question is, why should I not write about this moment in history? What kind of artist would I be if I ignored the pressing issues of our times?</p>

<p>A dystopian narrative? You may call it that, but it suggests something fantastical or exaggerated, which I do not perceive. The millions already enduring dystopian realities would disagree—across the globe, individuals face hunger and displacement due to conflict and extreme weather. The horrors they encounter are often remnants of fossil fuel capitalism. Sometimes, the term ‘dystopia’ serves as an opiate, a term that buffers us and distances us from reality. I believe we can no longer afford such distance.</p>

<p>The story unfolds in northwest Australia, generations into the future. The collective efforts made to circumvent the worst impacts of climate change seem futile, leaving us trapped in a cycle of increasing temperatures by 3°C or more. The nation-state structure has eroded, and communities have retreated from equatorial zones, with those remaining in this climate often forced to seek refuge underground for extended periods annually. Thus, the adaptation has become a daunting yet necessary skill.</p>

<p>Much like my previous works, this narrative revolves around family—exploring themes of loyalty, freedom, geography, and history. It's an examination of what it means to endure in an increasingly hostile environment. Although speculative, its nature is not solely scientific or climatic; it is also moral and profoundly personal. I felt compelled to envision the future my grandchildren's children might face, set in a landscape I cherish and have defended throughout my life.</p>

<p>For me, this narrative extends logically, emotionally, and imaginatively from the world I inhabit. Enhanced by scientific insights and climate modeling, it mirrors my experiences in a region historically known for its climatic extremes, now facing the brink of uninhabitability.</p>

<p><em>Juice</em> presents a stark reality—a resilient populace grappling with harsh conditions. Out of tradition and determination, they cling to what remains inhabitably viable. However, as conditions worsen, families are compelled to migrate to safer, cooler regions.</p>

<p>This is not mere speculation; it is already occurring in northern Australia. The most vulnerable citizens, much like the Oakies from Steinbeck's narratives, make these transitions. The dial merely needs to shift slightly.</p>

<p>Yet, the foremost struggle my characters encounter is not purely one of climate but of humanity. As the protagonist learns, the most precious resource is not shelter, food, or water, but civility. This is the essence of the narrative.</p>

<p>What sustains life is a shared commitment to the common good. The forces of fossil capitalism thrive on the dispensation of that ethic. To survive, my character must revive and cherish it. We must embrace that ethos as well. Ultimately, whether this is feasible lies in the realm of speculation.</p>

<p><em>© Tim Winton</em></p>
<p><strong>Tim Winton is the author of <em>Juice</em> (Picador), featured as the New Scientist Book Club's selection for February 2026. You can purchase a copy </strong><a href="https://www.panmacmillan.com/authors/tim-winton/juice/9781035050826"><strong>here</strong></a><strong>. Join the reading community </strong><strong>here</strong>.</p>

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Webb Telescope Explores a Lenticular Galaxy Cluster in the Leo Constellation

Webb astronomers have unveiled a breathtaking image captured by the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope, showcasing MACS J1149.5+2223 (MACS J1149), a cosmic collection of hundreds of galaxies situated about 5 billion light-years from Earth in the constellation Leo. The latest images not only highlight the cluster’s brilliant galaxies but also illustrate how their immense gravitational forces uniquely affect the fabric of space-time.



The stunning image of the galaxy cluster MACS J1149.5+2223. Image credits: NASA / ESA / CSA / Webb / C. Willott, National Research Council Canada / R. Tripodi, INAF-Astronomical Observatory of Rome.

The latest Webb image of MACS J1149 dramatically showcases light from background galaxies, which is bent and magnified in a remarkable phenomenon known as gravitational lensing. This creates elongated arcs and distorted shapes, revealing the mass of both clusters.

“The immense gravity of this galaxy cluster does more than hold the galaxies adrift in the universe,” the Webb astronomers explained in a statement.

“As light from galaxies beyond the cluster travels toward our telescope over billions of years, its trajectory through space-time is warped by the gravitational forces of the intervening galaxies.”

This gravitational lensing effect is evident throughout the image of MACS J1149, with galaxies appearing stretched into narrow streaks and others morphing into unusual shapes. A prime example of gravitational lensing can be seen near the image’s center, just below the prominent white galaxy.

In this area, a galaxy with spiral arms has been transformed into a shape resembling a pink jellyfish. This peculiar galaxy once harbored the farthest single star ever identified and a supernova that appeared four times simultaneously.

This remarkable image of MACS J1149 is part of the Canadian NIRISS Unbiased Cluster Survey (CANUCS) program.

“This program employs Webb’s advanced instruments to explore the evolution of low-mass galaxies in the early Universe, shedding light on their star formation, dust content, and chemical makeup,” the astronomers stated.

The data collected will also assist researchers in studying the epoch of reionization, when the first stars and galaxies illuminated the universe, mapping mass distributions in galaxy clusters, and understanding how star formation diminishes within cluster environments.

Source: www.sci.news

Pluribus Review: Breaking Bad Showrunner Explores Happiness in New Sci-Fi Series

Rhea Seehorn stars in ‘Pluribus’, debuting on Apple TV+ on November 7, 2025.

Anna Kooris, Apple TV+

Pluribus
Vince Gilligan, Apple TV

When posed with the question of the greatest episode in TV history (a regular discussion among my patient friends), “Ozymandias,” from Breaking Bad, often comes to mind. This episode, a pinnacle in storytelling, acting, and direction, encapsulates the harrowing tale of a chemistry teacher turned meth producer after a cancer diagnosis.

Being part of a flawlessly executed episode is a substantial legacy. Creating two monumental series like Breaking Bad and its companion Better Call Saul has entirely revolutionized television. Vince Gilligan, the brilliant showrunner, has proven his mettle and with Pluribus, his intriguing new sci-fi series for Apple TV, there’s little left for him to prove.

Having viewed the first six episodes of this nine-part season, I can affirm that the series is crafted with remarkable confidence, maintaining an engaging grip through its intricate plot twists and immersive world.

Carol (Rhea Seehorn, veteran of Better Call Saul) is the writer behind Waikalo Wind, a popular series of pirate-themed novels. While her successes afford her a comfortable living, she’s plagued by creative stagnation. However, her life is about to take a darker turn.

During a book tour with her agent and partner Helen (Miriam Shor), a strange incident occurs—everyone around Carol suddenly experiences a seizure. Once the episode subsides, they find themselves in an entirely different reality, leaving her as one of the few unaffected. This anomaly may be connected to a peculiar radio signal that was detected 439 days earlier, pulsating a base-4 rhythm every 78 seconds from 600 light-years away.


Can a society become utopian without the consent of its citizens? Even if one person feels trapped, is it still a utopia?

Unbeknownst to Carol, the rest of humanity revels in liberation from trivial grievances and desperately wishes for her to join them.

I understand their obsession with her. Even prior to her becoming the world’s unhappiest individual, her cantankerous demeanor is captivating. She reminds me of Paul Sheldon in the film Misery, though disturbed by adoring fans, Carol is scrutinized by billions. Her fellow humans serve her unwaveringly as they seek to decipher her differences and remedy her situation. Eventually, she begins to navigate the rules of this new world and discovers she possesses more agency than she initially believed.

Pluribus poses many compelling questions. Can a utopian society exist without the agreement of its members? Is it still utopia if one feels isolated? Besides Seehorn’s stellar performance, the series is commendably character-focused, noticeably dedicating time to moments like a character attempting to conceal a body. There’s an organic pacing to the story development, leading to unexpected turns.

Despite having seen the majority of the first season, the direction of Pluribus remains enigmatic. Some viewers may find this ambiguity off-putting, and its deliberate pace could polarize opinions. However, I find it exhilarating, as it subverts typical big-budget sci-fi conventions.

With a second season assured, it’s certain to cultivate its own “Ozymandias” moment if it gains traction.

I also suggest:

Breaking Bad
Vince Gilligan

Need more proof of Vince Gilligan’s prowess? Check out his debut masterpiece. The tale of a chemistry teacher turned meth manufacturer is a gripping five-act tragedy, illustrating one of television’s most remarkable antiheroes.

Outlander
Adapted by Ronald D. Moore

There are significant moments in Pluribus reminiscent of character dynamics in Outlander, where rearranging a bookstore serves to provide characters interaction through literature. Diana Gabaldon’s Outlander may not be as visually depicted in the books, but the TV rendition is exceptional.

Bethan Ackerley is an associate editor at New Scientist. She enjoys science fiction, comedy, and anything creepy. Follow her at @inkerley

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  • Television

Source: www.newscientist.com

Unveiling the Unexpected: Francis Crick’s New Biography Explores the Journey of DNA

Francis Crick (right) and James Watson modeling DNA in 1953

A. Barrington Brown, Gonville, Caius College/Scientific Photography Library

Click: The Moving Mind – From DNA to the Brain
Matthew Cobb profile book, England. Basic Books

Francis Crick missed a crucial seminar in 1951, likely because he was occupied with his partner. James Watson attended but failed to take proper notes, leading to inaccuracies in their initial DNA model.

This anecdote is just one of many compelling elements in Click: The Moving Mind – From DNA to the Brain, a biography by zoologist and author Matthew Cobb. If you’re curious about the discovery of DNA’s structure and subsequent developments, this is the must-read book.

Crick, raised as a shopkeeper’s son, struggled academically at first and didn’t gain admission to Oxbridge. He eventually earned a second-class degree and a rather dull PhD on the viscosity of water. After serving in WWII, he entered civil service, but his marriage faltered and his son lived with relatives. However, his readings nurtured a passion for the molecular foundations of life and consciousness. He re-entered research, working in an independent lab in Cambridge.

In 1949, he began exploring biomolecule structures through X-ray diffraction. His notes detail various mishaps: spills, misplaced films, and sample errors. Crick once flooded his boss’s hallway twice and incessantly conversed with Watson, irritating their co-workers. The two were ultimately separated to different rooms.

By 1952, Crick had a new family but faced bankruptcy and potential job loss under his boss, Lawrence Bragg. Competing biochemist Linus Pauling falsely claimed to have deduced DNA’s structure—this drove Bragg to allow Crick and Watson to pursue the DNA research unhindered. By March 1953, they had successfully unraveled it.


Part of Crick’s success lay in his willingness to fail, proposing multiple ideas that eventually proved incorrect.

While chemist Rosalind Franklin’s data was indeed significant, Cobb asserts that Crick and Watson did not misappropriate it. He also highlights that Franklin, Watson, and Wilkins collaborated more than previously recognized.

It’s often overlooked that Crick and Watson acknowledged Franklin and Wilkins in their renowned publication, Nature. A paper by Franklin and Wilkins coincided with their work, and she developed a friendship with Crick and his second wife, Odile, often staying with them during her recovery from cancer surgery, which ultimately claimed her life. This untimely death is why she wasn’t a recipient of the 1962 Nobel Prize.

Crick later played an instrumental role in decoding how DNA encodes proteins, contributing many vital insights to the process. While the biography remains engaging at this point, it loses some momentum as it shifts focus to Crick’s life, rather than Cobb’s narrative. Following the genetic code’s unveiling in the 1960s, Crick published several poorly received papers and likely faced depression in 1971.

In 1977, he relocated to California and shifted his focus to consciousness research. Cobb posits that his contributions in this field were as groundbreaking as his molecular biology achievements, including efforts to define the brain’s connectome.

This biography paints Crick as a multifaceted individual. He was anti-religious and anti-monarchy, celebrated his remarriage openly, championed cannabis legalization, experimented with acid, and occasionally hosted wild gatherings where adult films were shown. There are also allegations of unwanted advances towards several women.

Moreover, Crick corresponded with individuals expressing racist views regarding IQ and genetics but ultimately recognized that the matters were more nuanced than he once believed. Since the 1970s, he notably refrained from discussing this topic, especially in stark contrast to Watson, who passed away last week at 97.

It’s evident that Crick’s triumph stemmed not only from his brilliance but also from his readiness to fail and his willingness to propose and publish many ideas that did not pan out. For instance, one Saturday, after reviewing a paper outlining X-ray results for proteins, he, with a colleague’s assistance, was able to determine its structure by noon.

As I read, I reflected that perhaps Crick’s qualifications might not align with the current scientific standards. Today’s researchers might be astonished to learn that he had no formal education and only submitted one grant proposal. The legacy of geniuses like Crick may be struggling to thrive in a system that hasn’t nurtured their kind.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Matt Richell Explores How Modern Life is Shaping Adolescence

Social media can impact youth negatively.

Alice Tomlinson/Getty Images

How We Grow
Matt Richtel (Mariner Books)

The true narrative of How We Grow by Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Matt Richtel raises significant concerns for parents observing their children approach adolescence.

Elanib was once a cheerful girl, but upon entering puberty, she underwent drastic changes seemingly without reason. Struggling to focus on her studies and battling depression, treatments proved ineffective. Despite her parents’ relentless support, her story ended tragically. “It wasn’t due to a lack of relationships or care,” her father recounts to Richtel. “I did everything I could to help her.”

In How We Grow, Richtel fuses interviews, scientific studies, historical context, and insights from prominent researchers to explore the roots of today’s potential mental health crisis among youth. This book highlights a sobering reality, painting a vivid picture of the profound changes that define this critical transition into adulthood.

Adolescence coincides with significant shifts in brain chemistry. As teens grapple with their identity, they often display rebellious, moody, and impulsive behaviours. Richtel also emphasizes that in many countries, adolescence is now beginning far earlier, with serious ramifications. For example, throughout the 19th century, American children typically entered adolescence four years later than they do today. Since 1900, the average age for American girls to start menstruating has dropped from 14 to 12, largely attributed to improvements in nutrition that accelerate bodily development.

The world has undoubtedly evolved. Our environments are now thoroughly mapped, technology ensures most people are physically safe and nourished. However, the spheres in which teenagers rebel have shifted towards their identities and ethics, increasingly occurring online, presenting more complex information and perspectives to navigate.

The noticeable decline in cases of bulimia and alcohol-related accidents among teenagers in the US may be attributed to this inward focus, yet the Covid-19 lockdown left many adolescents isolated at a time when personal interactions are crucial for developing emotional intelligence, disrupting their existing support networks.

This shift means the adolescent body matures faster while their brains remain underdeveloped, as Richtel notes. Generally, this does not lead to dire consequences, but the influence of the online environment is inconsistent.

While research on the effects of social media on mental health varies, How We Grow suggests it acts as a volume knob, amplifying pre-existing emotional states. Courtney, one interviewee who had her first period at age 10, encapsulates this notion perfectly.

Provocative yet reassuring, How We Grow offers insights into adolescence for both teens and parents, shedding light on the realities of growing up and how to navigate them more effectively. For me, navigating adolescent rebellion was less about striving for independence and more about reshaping the future for the next generation.

Chris Sims is an author based in Somerset, UK.

If you need someone to talk to, contact the Samaritans in the UK at 116123 (Samaritans.org); or the US Suicide and Crisis Lifeline at 988 (988lifeline.org). You can also visit bit.ly/suicidehelplines for services in other countries.

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Domination Review: Alice Roberts Explores the Unstoppable Growth of Christianity

About 2,000 years later, Christianity remains a major religion

Sam Pelly/Millennium Images, UK

Domination
Alice Roberts (Simon & Schuster)

Alice Roberts’ latest book represents a distinct shift. In her earlier works, Basement and Burial, she combined her knowledge of osteophysiology, which examines preserved human bones, with more conventional historical strategies, such as analyzing ancient texts. Her blend of technical science and insightful discussions of historical records aimed to create a multifaceted perspective of past human life and culture.

In contrast, Rule: The Decline of the Roman Empire and the Ascendancy of Christianity largely steers clear of osteophysiology. Instead, it delves into historical documents. This isn’t necessarily a shortcoming; Roberts showcases her keen and deliberate approach to historical analysis, albeit this might necessitate an avid readership.

The focal point of her exploration is the ascent of Christianity from a modest Eastern Mediterranean sect to a globally dominant faith. Amid the disappearance of many other beliefs, what factors contributed to its supremacy?

Central to this narrative is the Roman Empire, which held sway over nearly all Mediterranean territories, extending from Britain to Syria when Christianity first appeared. Although the Romans worshipped numerous deities, Christianity gradually garnered more favor. Key moments stand out: Constantine I’s reign (AD 306-337) saw the decriminalization of Christianity (and possibly his own conversion), although Roberts identifies evidence gaps about this. Theodosius I’s rule (AD 379-395) marked another pivotal moment, as he made Christianity the state religion.

Roberts questions the conventional narrative which suggests Christianity was inherently more appealing or its followers exceptionally devoted. She contends that such assertions are mere Christian propaganda.


The eternal truth is not theological: gods rise and fall, temples rise and fall, but business is always business.

Instead, she asserts that the genuine key to Christianity’s success lay in its rapid infiltration of the upper echelons of Roman society. While Jesus associated with the marginalized, his followers targeted affluent Romans, soldiers, and educated elites for recruitment—this strategy proved tremendously effective. “Early adopters emerged from the middle and upper classes of urban centers, not merely the lower classes of the rural and imperial populations,” Roberts states.

Over ensuing decades and centuries, the church amassed a business empire. As Roberts articulates, “Stripped of religious pretense, what’s revealed is a vast, intricate network of interrelated enterprises: welfare, healthcare, law, agriculture, shipping, education, and beyond.”

The church also undertook charitable initiatives covering various state responsibilities, particularly in addressing poverty. However, this was managed with a clear veneer of cynicism. “Christian charity,” Roberts observes, “was never intended to eradicate poverty.” Instead, it enabled the church to position itself favorably across all societal tiers, suggesting to the poor that they would be compensated in the afterlife, while assuring the wealthy that their donations were the pathway to heaven.

This arrangement thrived amid the glaring social inequalities of the time, drawing parallels to modern billionaire philanthropy.

Ultimately, Roberts argues that the Roman economic landscape was thoroughly reshaped around the church, as educated elites pursued careers within its structure.

When the Western Roman Empire crumbled, the elite aligned themselves with the new leadership but retained existing power structures. “Regardless of the rhetoric or spiritual messaging, the whole system mirrored Roman commerce, as always,” Roberts notes. “The eternal truth is not theological; gods come and go, temples rise and fall, but business is always business.”

The opening of Domination may prove somewhat challenging, with a plethora of names to track and a non-linear narrative. However, once Roberts refines her argument, the narrative accelerates. The outcome is a sharp, thought-provoking, and at times contentious examination of one of humanity’s most significant organizations.

Michael Marshall is a writer based in Devon, UK

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Transformative Art: Brooklyn Exhibition Challenges and Explores White Domination in AI

At 300 Ashland Place in downtown Brooklyn, The Plaza will feature attendees gathered around a large yellow shipping container adorned with a black triangle. I acknowledge that the Flying Goose Quilt pattern may have functioned as a covert signal for enslaved individuals seeking freedom along the Underground Railroad. This design and the containers create a connection between the historical and contemporary narratives of the African diaspora. Central to an artistic initiative by Brooklyn-based transmedia artist Stephanie Dinkins, a large screen showcases AI-generated imagery reflecting urban diversity.

Commissioned by the New York-based art nonprofit Moartia Art and developed in collaboration with architect Lot-EK and The AI Laboratory, the exhibit titled Otherwise, Who Will Do It? will be open until September 28th. It aims to confront the ideologies of white supremacy by emphasizing the resilience and cultural foundations of the Black community.

In an era where society increasingly relies on AI, Dinkins envisions a future where these models comprehend and reflect the histories, aspirations, and realities of Black and Brown communities, thereby providing a more accurate representation of U.S. demographics. She expresses belief that her initiatives will reshape the AI landscape, challenging the prevailing bias in data that fails to represent the global majority. Currently, Black individuals comprise merely 7.4% of the high-tech workforce. Studies indicate that a lack of diversity in AI can lead to biased outcomes, as seen with predictive policing tools affecting Black communities and tenant screening programs that discriminate against people of color.

“We can develop machines that offer deeper insights into our community. Our representations should not stem from outsiders, which often results in misinterpretation; instead, they should reflect our identities as human beings, not merely as consumers,” Dinkins stated. “I pose the question: ‘Can we establish a system rooted in care and generosity?'”




If we don’t step up, who will? The AI Research Institute is situated in downtown Brooklyn, New York City. Photo: Driely Carter

Inside the AI lab, one image features a young Black girl with an afro, her gaze piercingly directed at the audience, accentuating her artificiality. Surrounding the public art installation are QR codes linked to an app that allows users worldwide to respond to prompts, such as “What privilege do you hold in society?” This interactive element integrates with the container; shortly thereafter, a generated image reflecting the submitted information will appear on the large screen. This image—mainly portraying a person of color—continues until new data is provided, regardless of the submitter’s own identity.


Dinkins has programmed the AI-generated art to focus on Black and Brown perspectives. She adjusted various AI models that identify patterns through specific datasets. Collaborating with her team, they sourced images from the renowned Black photographer Roy DeCarava, who documented the lives of Black individuals in Harlem. They also incorporated African American English to shape models recognizing its distinct tonality, resulting in more authentic image generation based on user stories. Additionally, she included images of okra—a staple in dishes of enslaved Africans and their descendants—serving as symbols connecting the past to the present within the portraits.

“We exist within a technological framework that’s altering our reality. If we remain uninformed, we lose the ability to navigate it effectively,” Dinkins remarked. While she empathizes with the public’s urge to protect privacy in the age of AI, she emphasizes the necessity of spaces that clarify that certain information is not intended for exploitation.

Democratizing AI

Dinkins was recognized as one of Time Magazine’s 100 Most Influential People in AI for 2023. With no formal technology education, she identifies as a “tinkerer.” She portrays Bina Rothblatt, the founder of a for-profit initiative focused on extending human life, inspired by a YouTube video featuring Bina48, an AI robot, more than a decade ago.

Her ongoing project Conversations with Bina48 documents video interviews with this robotic entity, starting in 2014. Later, she developed her own AI system intended to serve as a memoir for a Black American family. Through her initiative, It’s Not the Only One, Dinkins created a voice-responsive device that engages with passersby while being trained to converse with Nie and her aunt.

Lewis Tude Sokey, an English professor at Boston University, suggests Dinkins’ work is a crucial step toward democratizing AI by bringing technology to marginalized voices in spaces traditionally devoid of their representation. “There exists a troubling precedent of algorithms producing racist and sexist content. They are often trained on data from the internet, rife with harmful stereotypes,” Tude Sokey, who specializes in technology and race, explained.




If we don’t, who will address these dynamics? The AI Research Institute is situated in downtown Brooklyn, New York City. Photo: Driely Carter

“What Stephanie aims to explore is the possibility of training different algorithms to respond to diverse datasets that liberate content and include socially marginalized perspectives,” Tude Sokey noted.

Dinkins and fellow artists are reshaping the AI narrative, as highlighted by Tude Sokey: “There’s a significant cultural, political, and social realignment occurring within AI.” Dinkins embraces a philosophy she refers to as Afro-Now Rhythm, which she interprets as a proactive approach toward building a more equitable world—a “celebration of the potential to see technology as a force we can harness rather than fear.”

For Beth Coleman, a professor at the University of Toronto specializing in technology and society, it is vital to train AI models using diverse datasets to ensure accurate representations of the world. Dinkins’ work questions which voices are integrated into the technological ecosystems, she emphasized.

“There exists a thriving energy around collaborative efforts to craft a better world together,” Coleman remarked regarding Dinkins’ initiatives. “At this juncture, it feels profoundly revolutionary.”

Source: www.theguardian.com

Hubble Explores the Surface Conditions of Uranus’s Moons: Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon

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A recent study by astronomers utilizing the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope aimed to uncover signs of interaction between Uranus’ magnetic environment and the surfaces of its four largest moons: Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon. The researchers predicted that, due to interactions with Uranus’ magnetosphere, the “leading” sides of these tidally locked moons should be brighter and more consistently illuminated compared to their “trailing” sides. This expectation stemmed from the belief that radiation darkening occurs on the trailing sides due to charged particles, such as electrons, captured in Uranus’ magnetosphere. However, their observations revealed no evidence of darkening on the trailing sides of the moons but found evident darkening on the leading side of the outer moon instead.

This web image displays Uranus alongside six of its 27 known moons (most of which are too small to be captured in this brief exposure). Image credits: NASA/ESA/CSA/STSCI/J. DEPASQUALE, STSCI.

Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon are tidally locked, consistently presenting the same faces toward Uranus.

The hemisphere of the moon that faces the direction of its orbit is termed the leading hemisphere, while the side that turns away is the trailing hemisphere.

The initial hypothesis suggested that charged particles captured along the magnetic field lines would hit the trailing sides of each moon, leading to darkening of those hemispheres.

“They are working diligently to understand this phenomenon,” noted Dr. Richard Cartwright, a researcher affiliated with the Institute of Applied Physics at Johns Hopkins University.

“To start, Uranus has an axial tilt of 98 degrees relative to its orbit.”

“This significant tilt means Uranus is dramatically askew in relation to the planetary orbital plane. Completing its 84-year orbit, it rolls quite slowly around the sun.”

“Observations during the Voyager 2 flyby indicated that Uranus’ magnetosphere was tilted about 59 degrees from the satellite’s orbital plane, suggesting a further inclination in the magnetic field.”

Uranus’ magnetic field lines rotate more swiftly than the moons orbit the planet, resulting in the magnetic field lines continuously sweeping by the moons.

If the Uranus magnetosphere interacts with the moons, the charged particles should preferentially strike the surface of the leading side.

These charged particles and cosmic rays from our galaxy could potentially cause darkening effects on the trailing hemispheres of Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon, which could lead to the presence of carbon dioxide detected on these moons.

Astronomers anticipated that the trailing hemispheres would show greater darkness compared to the leading ones, particularly for the inner moons, Ariel and Umbriel.

However, the findings contradicted this expectation, revealing that the leading and trailing hemispheres of both Ariel and Umbriel are quite similar in brightness.

Conversely, researchers noted observable differences in the outer moons, Titania and Oberon.

In an intriguing twist, the brightness variations were opposite to their hypotheses.

Both outer moons exhibit a darker, reddish leading hemisphere contrasted against their brighter trailing hemispheres.

The research team suspects that dust from Uranus’ irregular satellites coats the leading hemispheres of Titania and Oberon.

Irregular satellites are celestial bodies characterized by large, eccentric, and inclined orbits inrelation to their parent planet’s equatorial plane.

Constant impacts from micrometeorites on Uranus’ irregular satellites eject small particles into orbits around the planet.

Over millions of years, this particulate matter drifts inward towards Uranus, eventually crossing the orbits of Titania and Oberon.

These outer moons effectively collect this dust, particularly on their leading hemispheres.

It’s analogous to an insect striking the windshield of a car as it drives down the freeway.

This accumulated material results in Titania and Oberon exhibiting darker, reddish leading hemispheres.

These outer moons appear to shield Ariel and Umbriel from dust, resulting in no noticeable brightness differences for the inner moons.

“I believe a similar process occurs within the Saturn system and possibly the Jupiter system,” stated Dr. Brian Holler, an astronomer at the Institute of Space Telescope Science.

“This represents some of the first evidence we’ve gathered regarding material exchanges between Uranus’ moons.”

“It supports an alternative theory involving dust accumulation. I wasn’t initially inclined to accept this hypothesis, but the data often takes you by surprise,” Dr. Cartwright remarked.

These revelations lead scientists to suspect that Uranus’ magnetosphere may possess a more complex structure than previously assumed.

While there may be interactions between Uranus’ moons and its magnetosphere, they do not seem to yield the predicted asymmetries in the leading and trailing hemispheres, contrary to initial expectations.

Unraveling this mystery will necessitate further exploration into the enigmatic Uranus, its magnetosphere, and its moons.

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Source: www.sci.news

A Diver Explores a Stranded Whale, Only to Discover It Has Vanished Upon His Return.

What happens to an 18-foot long, 2,000-pound body?

This question perplexed divers and photographers who frequently explore the waters off San Diego’s coast.

The saga began this spring when Doug Bonhouse took advantage of the mild weather to scuba dive at Scripps Canyon. As he submerged, a large mass caught his eye beneath him.

At just 115 feet below the surface, he discovered the body of a juvenile gray whale.

Whale carcasses are typically not encountered by human divers; they are usually found by remotely operated vehicles at depths exceeding 3,000 feet.

Local marine biologists speculated about the origins of the gray whale calf. The creature, which was suited to the seabed, had been sighted near La Jolla Shores, desperately searching for its mother. In its final moments, it appeared to approach a boat, as if pleading for assistance.

Other divers quickly made their way to the site, as it was the first opportunity for access during the autumn. Among them was underwater photojournalist Jules Jacobs, who documented his exploration for the New York Times.

By late January, the whale’s resting place was in a canyon valley that required careful navigation to reach. This challenge left Jacobs feeling both anxious and mentally drained.

As Jacobs navigated through the darkness with a team of five divers, the beam from his dive light suddenly illuminated the object of his search: a fragile calf with spotted skin. Its eyes had succumbed to the elements, frozen in an expression of sorrow.

“It’s humbling to swim through a whale’s carcass when only its tail is as large as your body,” Jacobs remarked.

Jacobs planned further dives to study the remains. On his second visit a week later, however, he discovered that the tail was missing, likely taken by scavenger sharks like Seven Gill and Mako.

After a series of spring storms, Jacobs descended again in late February. Gripping his camera gear so tightly that his knuckles turned white, he awaited the sight of the decaying creature.

He was met only by an empty seabed.

The calf was gone.


Adult gray whales can grow to about 45 feet and are known for their extraordinary migrations from the warm waters of Baja, California, to high-latitude feeding grounds in the Arctic Ocean. It’s likely that the calves and their mothers headed north before becoming separated. At this vulnerable point in their journey, the calves would have faced starvation after not eating for six months.

Gray whale populations experience cycles of boom and bust, recovering from significant declines, sometimes losing up to a quarter of their numbers within just a few years.

However, the population has failed to rebound for about six years, mirroring previous downturns. Scientists link this decline to climate change, which accelerates warming in the Arctic and disrupts the whales’ prey availability. Additionally, ship strikes and entanglements further exacerbate mortality rates.

“We are observing a significant increase in fatalities among gray whales,” stated Joshua Stewart, an assistant professor at the Marine Mammal Research Institute at Oregon State University. He anticipates more whale deaths along the West Coast.

Nevertheless, the death of a whale does not necessarily signify an end. Instead, it often triggers new beginnings.

Life flourishes from the remains of whales. Their meat nourishes scavengers, bones become habitats for microorganisms and insects, while the curved vertebrae provide a new foundation for flourishing coral reefs.

“Whale falls are ecological bonanzas, capable of providing sustenance for up to 200 years, as they typically reach the ocean floor,” remarked Craig Smith, professor emeritus of oceanography at the University of Hawaii. “Ironically, we understand more about deep-sea whale falls and associated communities than we do about shallow-water ecosystems.”

Whale decay occurs in three distinct ecological stages. Initially, scavengers like sharks, crabs, and hagfish consume the soft tissue. Next, worms thrive in the nutrient-rich, vibrant masses surrounding the carcass, as Dr. Smith notes; this phase can last up to seven years and is termed an enrichment stage by scientists.

Ultimately, bacteria deep within the bones produce hydrogen sulfide, fueling chemically-chemosynthetic bacteria that thrive symbiotically with the animal hosts and chemically synthesized bacteria on the bone’s surface. This final stage can endure for decades, supporting over 200 marine species within the ecosystem generated by a single whale fall.


However, the calf and its remains had vanished. Was something or someone responsible for preventing the whale fall that would support life?

Gregory Rouse, a marine biology professor at the Scripps Marine Research Institute, considers the matter less enigmatic. He explained that during the whale fall, decomposition within the body cavity can generate gas, causing the body to rise again after initially sinking.

It’s also plausible that strong winds and turbulent currents carried the body deep into the canyon. It could have descended to 1,600 feet below.

“The animal could have grown into a titan, but its life was cut short in infancy,” Jacobs reflected.

However, if it rests quietly in the depths, new life may proliferate and thrive.

Source: www.nytimes.com

A New Book Explores the Mystery of the Space Bermuda Triangle


dry january

An estimated 15% of American adults (260 million people) and 9 million Britons participated in last year’s Dry January. And recent scientific discoveries show that just one month of abstaining from alcohol can have many lasting benefits. Here’s what you can expect, including a timeline of the changes you’ll experience after a year of sobriety.

Search for dark matter

Neutrinos themselves are elusive, but they are beginning to disrupt the search for dark matter. They appear where they are not wanted…and no amount of rock can prevent them.

How Ozempic will change the world

This weight loss drug revolutionized the health industry, breaking sales records and making headlines around the world. Obesity rates in the United States have fallen by 2 percent since the drug was introduced, and that trend shows no signs of slowing down.

invisible

The urge to be invisible goes back a long way. Hunters and soldiers have been finding ways to camouflage themselves for centuries, but scientists are inching closer to making things truly invisible. Using new materials and technologies, we can hide ourselves from sensors…and soon we will be able to hide ourselves from human eyes.

plus

  • How to make your New Year’s resolutions last:Why so many New Year’s resolutions fail…and how to make positive new habits stick forever.
  • Best coffee machines for making perfect homemade coffee: Want to take your morning wake-up juice to the next level?Tech expert Alex Hughes puts your taste buds to the test with the cups of five coffee machines.
  • Q&A:Your questions answered! This month: How can I shake off the January blues? Is the cat liquid? What is Tally Monster? How can I burn more calories while walking? What happens (to my body) when I quit vaping? Why can’t I lose weight when I drink alcohol? How can I see Jupiter?

No. 415 Released on Tuesday, January 21, 2025

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New Research Explores Mysterious Qualities of Liquid Brine Found on Mars

Mars is at the extreme of salt water stability. And only the combination of the most favorable environmental conditions and the salt with the lowest eutectic temperature could stabilize brine, at least temporarily, on the surface of Mars, one researcher says. new research Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

This image of an impact crater in the Sirenum Fossai region of Mars was taken by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance rover on March 30, 2015. The crater is approximately 3,300 feet (1 km) wide and appears to be relatively recent due to its sharp edges and wells. -Stored emissions. The steep inner slopes are carved by canyons and contain slope lines that may recur on the equator-facing slopes. Image credit: NASA / JPL / University of Arizona / Alfred McEwen.

Liquid water is an important prerequisite for a habitable planet. However, the combination of Mars' low temperatures, atmospheric pressure, and water vapor pressure means that any liquid water found on Mars would likely freeze, boil, or evaporate quickly, making it unlikely that Mars exists. .

However, paleontologists continue to insist that liquid water exists on Mars.

Of particular interest is the discovery of seasonal black stripes called repeat slope lines.

These features appear in some places on Mars when temperatures rise above -23 degrees Celsius (-10 degrees Fahrenheit) and disappear when it gets colder.

They are often described as possibly being associated with liquid water.

The new study puts a damper on the idea that liquid water is likely to be found soon in Mars' recurring slopes, permafrost, or salt water.

“If we look closely at RSL, its behavior is consistent with a sand or dust flow, and water is not required for RSL formation,” said lead author Dr. Vincent Chevrier, a researcher at the University of Arkansas. said.

Other researchers believe that brine, a highly salty solution like Earth's oceans, may hold the key to finding liquid water on Mars.

Salt water can freeze at much lower temperatures, and Mars is rich in salt.

Among these salts, perchlorate appears to be the most promising because of its extremely low eutectic temperature (the temperature at which the melting point of the mixture is lower than that of the single components).

For example, calcium perchlorate brine freezes at -75 degrees Celsius (-14 degrees Fahrenheit), but the average surface temperature near the equator of Mars is -50 degrees Celsius (-58 degrees Fahrenheit), so theoretically This suggests that there may be zones where calcium coagulates. Perchlorate water can remain liquid, especially underground.

Dr. Chevrier and his colleague, Dr. Rachel Srank of the Lunar and Planetary Institute, then considered all the arguments for and against brine that could form a stable liquid.

“A variety of limiting factors, including the relatively small amount of most promising salts, water vapor pressure, and ice position, strongly limit the amount of brine present at the surface and in the shallow subsurface,” the researchers said. Ta.

“And even if saline waters formed, they would still remain uninhabitable by terrestrial standards.”

“Despite these drawbacks and limitations, there is always a possibility that Martian life adapted to these salt waters and some terrestrial life could survive in them. This is a planetary protection consideration because there is a possibility that

“Therefore, detecting brine in situ remains a key objective for Mars exploration.”

The next hurdles ahead, the authors say, are improving the equipment needed to detect small amounts of brine, better identifying the best places to look for brine, and conducting more experiments under Martian conditions. It is suggested that this is to enable room measurements to be carried out.

“Despite our best efforts to prove otherwise, Mars remains a cold, dry, and completely uninhabitable desert,” Chevrier said.

_____

Vincent F. Chevrier and Rachel A. Slank. 2024. The elusive nature of liquid brine on Mars. PNAS 121 (52): e2321067121;doi: 10.1073/pnas.2321067121

Source: www.sci.news

New Podcast Highlight: Davina McCall’s Latest Show Explores Tears and Turnarounds for Fresh Beginnings

This week’s picks

start again
Wide range of weekly episodes available

There’s nothing more inducing an existential crisis than a ’90s icon being a midlife expert, but Davina McCall is the genre’s OG. Introducing a new podcast about new starts, turning points, and the “curving lines” of life. McCall, as always, is a bundle of empathy and isn’t afraid to cry with his guests. The first person is Fearne Cotton, who talks about her challenges. This isn’t your average celebrity chat podcast, as McCall listens intently and digs into his guests’ answers. Hannah Verdier

hyperfix
Wide range of weekly episodes available
This peppy podcast bills itself as a help desk for life’s most intractable problems. An “overconfident moron” (his words), Alex Goldman spends as much time on the gram as he does America’s Cup trying to create the perfect cake as he does investigating why driving in New York is so bad. It’s just as interesting as helping women who are trying to convert. HV

X marks the place… New podcast questions Elon Musk’s use of surveillance. Photo: David Swanson/Reuters

not too extreme
Wide range of weekly episodes available
Dr. Bernie Fisher played a pivotal role in improving the way breast cancer patients are treated. Without his work, women might still undergo disfiguring surgeries. Here, Dr. Stacey Wentworth takes us from the operating room to the White House and explains how Fisher, the women’s movement, and science have fundamentally changed breast cancer treatment. Holly Richardson

elon’s spy
Widely available, all episodes now available
Is Elon Musk using secret agents to gather information on the people he has his ax to grind with? That’s the allegation this series explores, featuring an extensive interview with a British diver whom he called a “pedo bastard” after making a remarkable rescue of a team of trapped young Thai soccer players in an underwater cave. I am doing it. Alexi Duggins

Lost Notes: Groupies – From Pills to Punks, the Women of the Sunset Strip
Wide range of weekly episodes available
The podcast begins with a group of teenage girls being chased by the likes of Led Zeppelin and David Bowie in the ’70s. That’s amazing, but shallow. There’s no shortage of wild party stories – and they’re worth hearing – but judging by the first episode, it’s supposed to do much more to interrogate the ethics of power and age dynamics. advertisement

There’s a podcast for that

Fail upwards…Elizabeth Day, host of the hugely successful How to Fail. Photo: David Levenson/Getty Images

this week, Rachel Aroesti choose the best five listen comfortablyfrom a viral wedding mystery to Elizabeth Day’s seminal show about failure.

A perfect day with Jessica Knappett
There are many “perfect” podcasts out there covering everything from dreamy meals (off-menu) to ideal vacations (life is on the beach) to fantasy funerals (where there’s a will and where there’s a wake). A relatively recent addition to the genre, it’s definitely one of the most comforting. That’s partly because of the subject matter – it’s quite a meditative experience to hear all the lovely, relaxing things our guests incorporate into their perfect day schedules – and partly because of the energy of our friends. Thanks to our hilarious host for venting (it helps that she’s actually friends with guests like Tim Key and Emerald Fennell), she lets us veer off into weird stories. Fearlessly leading meandering conversations.

Who squatted on the floor at my wedding?
The rise of podcasting and the rise in actual involvement in crime go hand in hand, and it’s no wonder. Immersive, detailed, and cliffhanger-heavy investigations are the perfect fuel for the audio format. But what if you want the satisfaction of crime-solving but don’t want any of the depressing violence or global corruption? This podcast is your answer. In this podcast, amateur detective Lauren Kilby tries to figure out who was responsible for the defecation incident at her friends Karen and Helen’s wedding on a boat. The resulting pod is a highly entertaining and pleasantly low-stakes addition to the true crime genre. Even better, the team recently returned with another delightfully fun mystery titled The Case of The Tiny suit/Case.

how fail
Elizabeth Day’s hit podcast isn’t exactly an exercise in schadenfreude, but by inviting celebrities (including Kate Winslet, Bonnie Tyler, and Richard Osman) to reveal their top three mistakes, Elizabeth Day’s hit podcast to Fail” certainly helps listeners feel a little better about their failures. We did something wrong in our lives. The show often serves as a reminder that no one has a perfectly great life, a necessary corrective in the Instagram era, but the show also features guests with stories of shocking adversity. Bringing in also provides evidence that success is possible even through periods of turmoil.

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Green Wing: Resurrection
Comfort is often closely tied to nostalgia. That’s why shows like Friends have made a comeback during the pandemic. In fact, there’s something about 2000s television that looms especially large in our collective comfort zones. For comedy fans of a certain age, the hospital comedy Green Wing definitely fits this concise description. And for those who have completed a simple trip down memory lane, the return of this podcast will be gratefully received. Green Wings: Resurrection is faithful to the original story, starring Stephen Mangan (as the pathetic surgeon Guy Secretan), Julian Lind-Tutt (as the swoon-worthy Mac), and Michelle Gomez (as the Cracker Stuff liaison). The majority of cast members will return, including Sue (Sue). . Note the familiar strangeness and uncompromising stupidity.

See What Crappens
For anyone in need of peace of mind, reality shows should be very high on their agenda. In particular, the Real Housewives series is a non-stop festival of bickering and petty drama. This podcast is brought to you and released by enthusiasts Ben Mandelker and Ronnie Karam Five Once a week – We recap all 11 US Housewives programs (and others from reality network Bravo). It’s your in-depth guide to every character, storyline, and feud, plus your chance to gossip, joke, and vent your grievances about your most infuriating cast members. All delivered with the kind of growing hysteria that such a relentless schedule inevitably produces.

Why not try it…

  • How to saveis a hopeful series about conservation campaigns that are getting results, from protecting manatees to restoring Papua New Guinea’s coral reefs.

  • Holiday with Woody and PierceIn this article, two indie musicians tell fans about the trials and rewards of following a team across the country (or the world, really).

  • dylan douglas young americaa bold effort to understand the political desires of America’s Gen Z.

If you want to read the full newsletter, subscribe to receive Listen Here in your inbox every Thursday.

Source: www.theguardian.com

McDonald’s discontinues AI drive-thru trial as fast food industry explores automation

McDonald’s has terminated its trial of an artificial intelligence chatbot in its drive-thrus, sparking concerns about the fast-food industry’s hasty adoption of this technology.

The largest burger chain in the world is removing its AI-based automated ordering system from over 100 restaurants throughout the US.

This system, capable of responding to customer orders using AI voice, was undergoing testing under a contract between McDonald’s and IBM that began in 2021.

McDonald’s has not specified the reasons for ending the trial. As reported by Restaurant Business, the company informed franchisees that the technology would be discontinued on July 26th.

A McDonald’s spokesperson mentioned to the publication that a decision regarding automated ordering plans would be made by year-end, emphasizing that “voice ordering solutions at the drive-thru are part of our restaurants’ future.”

Fast-food chains have displayed considerable interest in incorporating generative AI into their operations in recent years. Apart from McDonald’s, various companies such as Wendy’s, Hardee’s, Carl’s Jr., and Del Taco have implemented this technology in their drive-thrus. Yum! Brands, the owner of Taco Bell and KFC, also declared its adoption of AI earlier this year. “AI First Mindset” at a fast food restaurant.

The fast-food industry is increasingly receptive to AI as a substitute for human workers, aiding in reducing escalating labor costs. Following California’s enactment of a new minimum wage regulation for fast-food employees, companies are hastening the integration of AI technology to handle tasks like taking customer orders.

While companies promote AI as the future of the fast-food industry, these technologies have been featured in viral videos and covered in the media when orders go awry. McDonald’s drive-thru AI blunder became viral last year after several TikTok videos showcased the system incorrectly adding items, such as butter packs, or doubling the order quantities.

In one video, two women were captured laughing and requesting the system to cease adding items to their order, as it appeared to tally hundreds of dollars’ worth of McNuggets to their bill.

Automated systems have faced criticism for misinterpreting customer orders, as well as for depending on outsourced human labor for their operation. Presto Automation, which supplies AI services to fast-food chains, disclosed in an SEC filing last year that it employs customer-facing staff in countries like the Philippines, who spend around 70% of their time there.

In addition to drive-thru ordering, companies are exploring leveraging generative AI for creating digital chatbots on their apps or utilizing image recognition for estimating wait times.

In December, McDonald’s partnered with Google to develop a chatbot named “Ask Pickles” for guiding employees on tasks like cleaning restaurant equipment. The collaboration also encompasses exploring other potential applications of generative AI. As per Bloomberg’s report.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Europa Clipper: NASA’s Mission to Jupiter’s Moons Explores Possibility of Extraterrestrial Life

Artist’s impression of the European Clipper near its namesake moon

NASA

Instruments aboard a NASA spacecraft scheduled to launch to Europe later this year could directly detect cellular material ejected from Jupiter’s icy moons, increasing the chances of finding life.

Europa is of scientific interest because researchers believe there is a vast saltwater ocean beneath its thick icy shell. It is also surrounded by an orbiting blanket of ice grains and dust, believed to be the remains of material kicked up after the meteorite struck.

NASA’s Europa Clipper spacecraft was launched in October and is scheduled to arrive at its destination in 2030, flying close to the moon but not landing on it. Ten experiments will be carried out aimed at studying Europa’s internal structure, including its ocean chemistry and potential habitability for extraterrestrial life.

One of these is the SUrface Dust Analyzer (SUDA), a type of instrument known as a mass spectrometer. The mission will collect material ejected from the moon and reveal its chemical composition, including potential organic molecules and salts.

SUDA was not designed to look for signs of life in Europe, but now Frank Postberg and his colleagues at Germany’s Freie Universität Berlin, who are working on the device, have shown that it can detect fragments of cellular material, potentially providing evidence of modern life.

“If life on Europa follows the same principle of having membranes and DNA made from amino acids… [those chemicals] “It will be the deciding blow of my life,” he says.

“This is an interesting result because these ice grains hit the instruments in space at speeds of 4 to 6 kilometers per second,” say team members. Fabian Krenner at the University of Washington. “We showed that we can still identify cellular material.”

These extreme velocities cause particles to collide with SUDA with high kinetic energy, breaking large molecular structures into smaller component parts for analysis. To simulate this kinetic energy, the team shot water droplets with a laser. I put the following sample into water. Sphingopyxis alascensisa bacterium known to survive in frigid marine environments, making it a potential alternative to life on Europa.

When the laser hits the droplet, it breaks up into tiny droplets that hit the SUDA detector. The researchers discovered that they could distinguish between fragmented cellular material, including fatty acids and amino acids, which are abundant in cell membranes.

“We have now simulated the presence of cells inside a single ice grain without any pretreatment, which may be a valid case for what we see in Europe,” Klenner said. To tell. The next step, he says, is to repeat the experiment using different types of cell cultures.

Murti Gudipati He works on SUDA at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., but is not involved in the research. The results should reflect what could happen to the spacecraft, he said. Watch while on duty.

But the ability to clearly distinguish cellular material from other organic molecules and salts depends on the specific composition of the ice grains released from Europa, he says. If SUDA detects many other complex organic molecules and salts mixed in with the ice grains, it may be difficult for researchers to reliably detect cellular material, Gudipati says.

the current, NASA says When asked, “Europa Clipper is not a life-detecting mission. Its primary science goal is to determine whether there is a place beneath Europa’s surface where life could exist.” new scientist The agency was unable to respond prior to publication about whether the new research changes the mission’s goals.

topic:

Source: www.newscientist.com

BBC Science Focus Magazine Explores the Latest Research on Social Anxiety


the strangeness of the universe

We explore some of the strangest places in the universe, where “normal” rules don’t apply. From places where you blow bubbles over time, to mysterious spaces, and places where glass falls horizontally.

Digital healthcare: Are those most in need excluded?

Advances in technology, such as the proliferation of smartphone apps, should make it easier for people to access medical services. But what if you don’t have a smartphone? Or do you want to talk to a real person? It’s clear that this technology doesn’t work for everyone.

belly fat

There’s a lot of advice out there on what exactly to do to move your spare tire around your waist. But do any of them actually add up? What does the science say?

three body problem

A new film adaptation of the biggest science fiction book of the century is coming to Netflix. This is a thrilling story powered by ideas and breakthroughs from cutting-edge science and technology. We dive deeper into the science behind fiction.

plus

  • Google Gemini: Google is working on a model to compete with Open AI. But is giving ChaGPT enough? Our tech expert Alex Hughes takes a closer look at the latest in AI.
  • Quantum field theory: Quantum field theory is a symphony of vibrations that orchestrates everything from the motion of particles to the birth of stars and even dark matter. This is one of the most elegant and precise concepts in all of science. Professor Stephon Alexander explains the basics and why they’re important to understanding the universe.
  • Resurrection of infectious diseases: With measles, plague and cholera rearing their heads again, are we seeing a resurgence of disease at unprecedented levels? And what would it take to cause a new pandemic?

Issue 403 Released on March 19, 2024

don’t forget that BBC Science Focus Also available on all major digital platforms.There are versions of android, Kindle Fire and Kindle e-readers,but also, iOS app For iPad and iPhone.

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Britain’s new space minister explores the solar system, including Mars

space politics

The UK has managed to catch up with the US in terms of backing politicians who speak out knowing the vast and almost empty depths of space.

Britain’s new Space Minister Andrew Griffiths – his official title is Minister of Science, Research and Innovation – granted interview To Tali Fraser the house magazine.

Griffiths appears to have demonstrated to her how education is done. “He pointed to a hanging sphere in the science museum that changed its appearance from planet to planet and declared, 'This is Mars!'” An employee gently informed him that it was actually the sun. All I had to do was give it to you. Still, Griffith exclaimed, “That's Saturn!” As the Earth changes. The employee interjected. “No, no, that’s Jupiter.”

Back in 1991, one of the first Ig Nobel Prizes was awarded to then-U.S. Vice President Dan Quayle. Quayle was given additional duties, and he became the chairman of something called the National Space Council. He was often in the news for educating the masses. statement Something like:

“[It’s] The time has come for humanity to enter the solar system. ”

“We saw the pictures [of Mars] We believe that where there are canals, there is water. ”

“Really, very strange people can get into sensitive positions and have a huge impact on history.”

Ig Nobel Prize Quote explained He praised Quayle for being a “consumer of time and occupier of space” who “demonstrated the need for science education better than anyone else.”

As we watch Vim for Education spread from country to country, the feedback is encouraging. No matter where the sky is, the sky is the limit.

base notes

Andy Howe celebrates a somewhat musical discovery about fish that spend much of their time on the muddy ocean floor. Does Andy Howe delight in details? And how! He said: nature communications) This concerns the apparently suspicious noises of the Plainfin Midshipman, a species also known as `california singing fish'`. They are endowed with a “sonic swim bladder” that allows them to communicate through modulated, trumpet-like hums and growls. There is a double resonance here as the lead author is his A Bass. ”

“Bass” is Andrew Bass, a professor of neurobiology and behavior at Cornell University in New York. When Bass isn't out at sea chasing fish, he spends his time at the office. mud hole. I can't help but notice that Bass's feedback is imbued with nominative determinism.

light entertainment

Retired internist John Innes rallies in Call for Feedback (December 9, 2023) to refute the old adage that “Medicine is primarily about entertaining the patient; nature cures disease.” or asked for first-hand testimony in the affirmative.

He sets the scene first. “In the 1890s, Faroese and Danish physician Niels Finsen showed that ultraviolet light could treat tuberculosis (TB) in the skin. This work earned Finsen the Nobel Prize in 1903. The first studies used artificial ultraviolet light, which was widely used to treat tuberculosis in the 1920s and 1930s.

“However, it was already known that natural ultraviolet light was present in sunlight. This was one of the factors that encouraged the development of sanatoriums for the treatment of tuberculosis. In the 1950s, antibiotics were introduced. After its introduction changed the treatment of tuberculosis, ultraviolet light therapy was lost to history.

John then describes his experiences as a physician specializing in infectious diseases in Birmingham, England in the 1980s: At that time, all new entrants to nurse training were to be offered the tuberculosis vaccine if they had not already done so. In her case, an ulcer appeared at the injection site and gradually enlarged over two months to about 8 centimeters in width. I recommended antibiotics. However, she did not have time to pick up her prescription because she was scheduled to go on vacation the next morning. So I told her to postpone her treatment and come back in 4 weeks.

“She came back after spending two weeks sunbathing on the beach near Tangier. The ulcer had healed and she didn't need anything more. So she left it alone while nature healed her illness. was enjoying it.”

loop soup

What is loop soup? It's hard to say. It's difficult to say succinctly.

Wojtek Furmanski and Adam Kolawa of the California Institute of Technology appear to have injected the phrase into the world of physics in 1987 in the middle of a 35-page paper called `Yang-Mills vacuum: an attempt at lattice loop calculus`Published in the magazine Nuclear Physics B.

Loop soup is only mentioned once. This is their word. “This medium is still far from an asymptotic ‘loop soup’ and is beyond our reach.”

This text may be incomprehensible to those without a deep education in nuclear physics. Still, the phrase stuck. Just 33 years later, Valentino Voigt and Matthew Kleban of New York University `New recipe for Brownian Loop Soup`This may definitely whet your appetite.

Mark Abrahams hosted the Ig Nobel Prize ceremony and co-founded the magazine Annals of Improbable Research. Previously, he was working on unusual uses of computers.his website is impossible.com.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Robot explores deep sea to discover new species with dodecahedral design

Robot dodecahedron mounted on a submersible (circled area)

brennan phillips

The robotic dodecahedron can capture fragile deep-sea animals, collect tissue samples, and build three-dimensional scans of the creatures, potentially speeding up the cataloging of deep-sea life. Up to 66% of marine species are still unknown to science.

brennan phillips RAD2 Sampler and colleagues at the University of Rhode Island have developed the RAD2 Sampler, which is designed to be mounted on any submersible to collect fresh tissue samples in situ from living animals. They hope this will reveal more about the creature than existing techniques, which are typically exposed to stress when pulled up from the depths.

RAD2 is a dodecahedron with an internal volume large enough to hold a basketball. It can be folded and unfolded on command to temporarily capture organisms for detailed examination and take small tissue samples that are stored directly on board the submarine for later genetic analysis. It is designed to.

The ultimate goal is to take a small biopsy and release the animal relatively unscathed, but RAD2's current technique (called tissue cutting) is “a little more crude,” Phillips said.

RAD2 has already been tested on two expeditions, collecting up to 14 tissue samples a day at a depth of around 1200 meters. “We could get small pieces of tissue, and sometimes we could get whole animals,” he says. “It depended on how big it was. So I can't say we've been able to release the animal unharmed after that, but we're moving towards that.”

The robot sampler is also equipped with a 4K resolution video camera to capture high-quality footage of the animal in motion, and a virtual model of the animal is constructed by various 3D scanning devices. In the future, Phillips said, he might be able to put sensors on each of his 12 sides of the dodecahedron and take different measurements of living things at once.

Phillips called other sampling methods “outdated” and said they essentially require people to manually put things into jars for later analysis, or use submersibles to do the same thing. Masu.

Preservation at the point of collection using RAD2 improves the quality of tissue samples and also allows researchers to detect which genes are expressed, further informing animal behavior and physiology. Phillips said it could shed some light. “This is a luxury item,” he says. “This is the best you can get with this animal, better than anyone we’ve ever had.”

eva stewart Researchers at the University of Southampton in the UK say that while digital data on deep-sea life can be a useful tool for research, there is no substitute for capturing and preserving entire samples.

“There are thousands of type specimens here. [at the university]” says Stewart.Some of them were collected by Swedish scientists carl linnaeusShe died in 1778 and says: Once you have the specimen, you are done. Even as our science changes, we can keep coming back to it. ”

But Stewart said underwater scans are useful for gelatinous and other delicate animals that are difficult to collect intact, and for how the creatures behave in their natural environment, rather than after being hoisted onto the deck of a boat. I agree that it may be helpful to understand.

“We've been conducting research to examine gene expression in sea cucumbers because we want to understand how sea cucumbers behave when they're stressed or affected by things like climate change,” says Stewart. he says. “But when you collect them and bring them to the surface, it's stressful. So being able to harvest tissue from them in a more natural way means you know what their natural baseline is, so they can It means we may be able to see more clearly what happens when placed in different environments.”

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Activision executive explores potential countersuit following dismissal of sexual harassment claim

Activision Blizzard executives are considering a possible countersuit against California regulators who claimed the gaming giant had a toxic “frat boy” workplace, but only dropped the lawsuit last week, On The Money reported.
The California Department of Civil Rights, which had been investigating the developer of “Call of Duty” and “Candy Crush” since 2021, dropped the explosive allegations on Friday.
“Neither the courts nor independent investigations have established systematic or widespread sexual harassment,” authorities acknowledged in court documents last week.
California’s stunning admissions say there is no evidence that “senior executives ignored, condoned, or condoned a culture of systemic harassment, retaliation, or discrimination,” and that neither Activision’s board of directors nor CEO Bobby Kotick responded to complaints of misconduct. He also admitted that he had not handled the matter inappropriately.
Nevertheless, Activision ended up paying a $54 million settlement to resolve the lawsuit ($47 million of which was earmarked for pay disparity claims).

Activision ended up paying a $54 million settlement, with $47 million of that going toward pay disparity claims. Paola Morongello
This has angered some Activision executives, who are drafting defamation lawsuits against the company.
The agency’s former director, Janet Whipper, was fired by Gavin Newson a year after she sued Activision, accusing Tesla of “racial discrimination,” a claim that was also unsubstantiated, according to court documents. It turned out that there was no such thing.
Other Activision insiders want to simply put this chapter on the back burner, concerned that an appeal would be tantamount to returning to the belly of the beast, insiders said.
Accusations that women were “subjected to constant sexual harassment, including groping” and that management fostered a “sexist culture” were enough to wipe the company’s market capitalization by $20 billion in a few months. Ta.
The case helped spur Activision’s partnership with Microsoft, which won full regulatory approval earlier this year.
Microsoft reportedly pursued a $75 billion deal after seeing the Diablo maker’s stock price plummet.
An Activision spokesperson declined to comment.

Source: nypost.com