Explore the Dark Craters near the Moon’s South Pole
Credit: Science Photo Library / Alamy
Scientists aim to establish a groundbreaking laser system in one of the moon’s coldest craters to significantly enhance the navigation capabilities of lunar landers and rovers.
Ultra-stable lasers are vital for highly precise timing and navigation systems. These lasers operate by reflecting a beam between two mirrors within a cavity, maintaining a consistent beam speed. This precision is largely due to the chamber’s size stability, which neither expands nor contracts. To achieve this, mirrors are typically maintained in a cryogenic vacuum, insulated from external vibrations.
The moon hosts numerous craters at its poles, which lack direct sunlight due to minimal axial tilt. Consequently, these permanently shadowed areas are extremely cold, with some craters projected to reach temperatures around -253°C (20 Kelvin) during the lunar winter.
Junye from JILA, along with a research team in Boulder, Colorado, has proposed that these icy conditions, combined with the moon’s absence of natural vibrations and an almost non-existent atmosphere, make these craters ideal for ultra-stable lasers. The potential stability of these lunar lasers could surpass that of any terrestrial counterparts.
“The entire environment is incredibly stable,” Ye emphasizes. “Despite variations between summer and winter on the Moon, temperature fluctuations range only from 20 to 50 Kelvin, contributing to a remarkably consistent environment.”
Ye and his research team envision a lunar laser device akin to an optical cavity already developed in JILA’s lab, featuring a silicon chamber equipped with dual mirrors.
Current optical cavity lasers on Earth can maintain coherence for just a few seconds, meaning their light waves can synchronize briefly. However, the moon-based laser is projected to sustain coherence for at least a minute, which will facilitate its role as a reference laser for a variety of lunar missions. This includes maintaining the lunar time zone and coordinating satellite formations using lasers for distance measurement. Given that light from the moon takes just over a second to reach Earth, it could also serve as a reliable reference for Earth-based activities, as highlighted by Ye.
Although implementing this idea poses challenges, the rationale is sound and could greatly benefit future lunar missions. According to Simeon Barber from the Open University, UK, “Recent lunar landers have experienced suboptimal landings due to varying lighting conditions, complicating vision-based systems. Leveraging stable lasers for positioning, navigation, and timing could enhance the reliability of landings in high-latitude areas.”
Super 8 film captured a close-up of a silvery fritillary butterfly
Nature Hunter Films Limited
super nature Ed Sayers hitting UK cinemas in 2026
Ed Sayers, a director of commercials and music videos, has an affinity for Super 8, a film format introduced by Eastman Kodak in 1965, and he’s not alone. This delicate film cassette continues to thrive thanks to a dedicated community of filmmakers worldwide.
What distinguishes Sayers is his organizational skill. His project, super nature, which premiered last month at the London Film Festival, showcases Super 8 footage from 25 countries, contributed by 40 filmmakers and local advocates for nature in their regions.
I must confess that as I looked over the concept of this film, I endured scenes with a sparrow and a household cat for 82 minutes, which I regret.
While the film’s distributor, BFI, boasts of its “green” credentials, the pitch feels a bit lacking despite the feature being a globally-focused documentary with zero air miles. It’s worth noting how uniquely different everything appears through this handheld, low-fidelity medium.
Super 8 resembles, as Sayers puts it in the narration, “someone painted your memories.” This becomes apparent as you adjust to the glare, flare, rocking movements, and shifts in color and tone inherent in this format. The Super 8 world reflects our own—not polished or curated, with imperfect lighting, much like real life.
“
Among the film’s many charming moments is the delightful observation that puffins “have the kindest eyes.” “
However, the film is often breathtakingly beautiful, and this production is no exception. Some ambitious shots featuring elusive and wary creatures are challenging to interpret. Just because we catch a fleeting glimpse of them doesn’t imply their value is diminished. One sequence that didn’t resonate with me was the goose migration, which, despite being exquisitely filmed and edited, felt overly clever and “staged” with its setup involving microlights and two cameras. In contrast, lying in a puddle with a plastic bag over my head to shoot snails would make for a great idea.
Contrasting with high-budget nature documentaries, this film seeks to uncover hidden worlds, and while the thirst for new discoveries is compelling, I can’t help but ponder whether viewers will become weary of impeccably-lit, framed, and timed images found in productions like walking with dinosaurs.
super nature offers a refreshing take on the genre. Its structure revolves around its production journey. Each segment (from flamingos to earthworms to corals) comes with a voiceover by each filmmaker, sharing the significance of their footage. Among many delightful moments are descriptions of the sounds puffins make while running (humorous, reminiscent of oversized slippers) and the remark that “puffins have very kind eyes.”
The creators are genuinely inspiring. Some embarked on Super 8 journeys seeking a new perspective after experiencing personal hardships. Others advocate for environmental consciousness, while a few may even brave a cold water faucet (as ibex seem to understand the wisdom of the mountains).
Then we have Sayers’ own narrative. Act 1: The director dreams of documenting the natural world using retro technology and local filmmakers. Act 2: He faces disillusionment, piecing together footage of floods, fires, marshes in Ukraine, and plastic waste. Act 3: The director finds renewed hope, and the playful antics of seals turn the project into a triumph.
It’s a narrative arc as compelling as any, yet entirely predictable in contrast to the footage’s unpredictability.
Simon tooRecommends… Film silent world
Jacques Cousteau and Louis Malle While not the first to depict the deep ocean in color, Cousteau and Malle’s 1956 documentary transformed our perception of two-thirds of Earth.
TV Series walk together dinosaur
Tim Haynes First aired in 1999, this six-part BBC documentary (rebooted in 2025) introduced scientific rigor into its thrilling portrayal of the Mesozoic era.
Gliese 251 is an early red dwarf star, ranking as the 74th closest star system to our Sun.
An artistic interpretation of the Gliese 251 system. Featuring Gliese 251c (left), its host star (right), and the already discovered planet Gliese 251b (center). Image credit: Michael Marcheschi / m2design.
You can find Gliese 251 as a bright M dwarf star, located at a distance of 5.58 parsecs (18 light years) in the constellation of Gemini.
Also known as GJ 251, HD 265866, or Wolf 294, this star is believed to host at least two super-Earths, Gliese 251b and Gliese 251c.
Initially discovered in 2020, Gliese 251b has a mass of 3.85 Earth masses and completes an orbit in 14.2 days.
The newly identified exoplanet, Gliese 251c, boasts a mass of 3.84 times that of Earth and has an orbital period of 53.6 days.
“With so many exoplanets now known, discovering new ones may not seem significant,” remarked Paul Robertson, an astronomer at the University of California, Irvine.
“The exceptional aspect is that its host star is nearby, roughly 18 light-years distant. From a cosmic perspective, it’s essentially in our neighborhood.”
Gliese 251c was detected using the Habitable Zone Planet Finder (HPF), a state-of-the-art near-infrared spectrometer mounted on the Hobby-Eberly Telescope at McDonald Observatory in Texas.
This planetary signal was subsequently validated using the NEID spectrometer at Kitt Peak National Observatory in Arizona.
Corey Beard, Data Scientist at Design West Technologies, states:
“While the discovery is statistically significant, we are still assessing the state of the planet due to instrument and methodological uncertainties.”
“Direct imaging of this candidate will rely on the next generation of telescopes and community investment.”
Given Gliese 251c’s closeness to Earth, it stands out as a prime candidate for future direct imaging studies utilizing the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT).
The TMT, with its large mirror, could potentially directly image dim exoplanets like Gliese 251c and verify the presence of water.
“TMT is anticipated to be the only telescope capable of capturing such details. These images will pertain to exoplanets,” Dr. Beard added.
“Such imaging isn’t feasible with smaller telescopes.”
The results from the research team were published in Astronomy Magazine.
_____
Corey Beard et al. 2025. Discovery of a nearby super-Earth candidate located in the habitable zone, suitable for direct imaging. A.J. 170, 279; doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ae0e20
The latest translucent noise-cancelling earbuds from Nothing feature an innovative twist: the case includes a high-quality built-in microphone that enables you to communicate simply by pressing a button.
This so-called super microphone caters to those who desire a more direct microphone experience for improved clarity during conversations, recordings, and voice notes, even in bustling environments. It’s particularly suited for individuals who speak directly into the bottom of their phones.
However, this enhancement in the case’s functionality has led to a price increase, with Year 3 now retailing at £179 (€179/$179/AU$299), which is £50 more than the prior model’s launch price. While still competitively priced compared to leading competitors, it’s now closer to the Google Pixel Buds Pro 2 and Apple AirPods Pro 3.
Visible magnets and other features through the earbuds’ case add an intriguing touch to the design. Photo: Samuel Gibbs/The Guardian
Ear 3 maintains Nothing’s hallmark translucent aesthetic, introducing various small design details that set them apart from mundane earbuds, while incorporating aluminum in place of some plastic for a more polished appearance.
The earbuds have been redesigned for enhanced comfort during prolonged listening sessions. Their lightweight and secure fit ensures a snug seal in your ear. The stem features squeeze controls for playback, noise cancellation, volume adjustments, and voice assistant activation. Although somewhat limited, the controls are customizable and function effectively.
The earbuds come in a square, flip-top charging case that is compact yet noticeably heavier this year. With a battery life of 6 hours on a single charge, and with noise cancellation active, you can enjoy at least 22 hours of total playback when utilizing the case for recharging. The case itself charges in slightly over an hour via USB-C and around 2 hours using Qi wireless charging.
Activating the earbuds’ Super Microphone involves pressing and holding the “Talk” button on the case, which emits a subtle sound when the microphone is turned on. Photo: Samuel Gibbs/The Guardian
Equipped with a capable built-in microphone, the earbuds effectively filter out ambient noise, although they may occasionally sound somewhat robotic. The Super Mic offers richer, fuller audio, making it ideal for voice memos, transcription, and calls. Nevertheless, the audio quality doesn’t quite reach the standards for a lapel microphone or similar recording devices.
Specifications
Water Resistance: IP54 (splash-proof)
Connectivity: Bluetooth 5.4 (SBC, AAC, LDAC)
Battery Life: 5.5 hours with ANC (22 hours with case)
Earphone Dimensions: 30.5×21.5×20.8mm
Earphone Weight: 5.2g each
Driver Size: 12mm
Charging Case Dimensions: 56×55.5×22.3mm
Charging Case Weight: 61g
Case Charging: USB-C
Sound Quality and Noise Cancelling
Each earbud comes with three sizes of silicone tips for a comfortable fit and a secure seal. Photo: Samuel Gibbs/The Guardian
These earphones utilize high-quality Bluetooth 5.4 alongside standard SBC and AAC audio formats, with support for LDAC for compatible Android devices. They also offer the capability to connect to two devices simultaneously; however, this may slow the Super Mic’s performance.
Previous models from Nothing have consistently provided excellent value, characterized by easy-to-listen sound with ample detail and clear sound separation. The Ear 3 follows this tradition, offering louder sound with a prominent bass response right out of the box. It’s well-balanced and does not overshadow the overall sound range, while the Nothing X companion app allows for extensive customization if desired.
The noise cancellation effectively reduces common ambient sounds and low-frequency commuting noises, handling higher-pitched disturbances like keyboard taps and conversations better than prior Nothing models. However, it doesn’t quite match the level of noise cancellation provided by higher-end alternatives, such as the AirPods Pro 3.
The transparency mode performs admirably, delivering a natural sound; however, neither mode excels at managing wind noise.
Sustainability
One of the microphones inside the case is adjacent to the USB-C charging port, indicated by a green LED light when active. Photo: Samuel Gibbs/The Guardian
The earbuds and charging case are designed to maintain at least 80% battery capacity survival even after 500 complete charge cycles. Although earbuds themselves are not repairable, they can be replaced individually through service if they fall out of warranty.
The casing is made from recycled aluminum and tin, though Nothing does not provide trade-in options. The estimated carbon footprint of the earbuds stands at 2.87kg.
Price
The cost of the Nothing Ear 3 is £179 (179 EUR/$179/AU$299).
For comparison, the Ear priced at £119, the headphone price for 1 is £299, the Google Pixel Buds Pro 2 costs £219, the Samsung Galaxy Buds 3 Pro is £219, and the Apple AirPods Pro 3 retails for £219.
Verdict
Nothing has introduced some features we haven’t previously encountered in earbuds, such as the integration of a microphone and push-to-talk button directly into the charging case. This concept is original and serves as an excellent alternative to traditional interview or video microphones, albeit lacking in certain aspects.
For non-content creators, this setup is perfect for phone calls, recording voice notes, and interacting with your phone’s AI assistant, resembling a modern dictaphone. However, personal frequency of use may vary.
The earbuds present a noteworthy offering from Nothing, delivering impressive sound quality, effective noise cancellation, robust battery life, and a comfortable fit, making them a refreshing alternative to typical earbuds.
While the price increase to £180 places them alongside some top-tier earbuds, they haven’t yet reached that elite status. Additionally, similar to many competitors in the space, these earbuds are non-repairable, which affects their overall score negatively.
Pros: Super microphone, unique design, excellent sound quality, reliable noise cancellation, comfortable fit, intuitive controls, Bluetooth 5.4 with multipoint support, cross-platform app options, and impressive battery life.
Cons: Non-repairable, higher cost than its predecessor, a fairly heavy case, the Super Mic doesn’t fully substitute for a dedicated mic, and noise cancellation struggles in high-noise settings.
The Nothing Ear 3 boasts attractive design features along with a couple of unique functionalities. Photo: Samuel Gibbs/The Guardian
The heaviest atoms that form the molecule were observed
David Dixon, Sarah Sprouse/University of Alabama; Jennifer Pore/Berkeley Lab
Scientists have observed the heaviest atoms participating in chemical reactions and forming molecules. This groundbreaking discovery could potentially reshape the periodic table, advancing “super heavy” chemistry, which encompasses large-scale radioactive elements.
Some rare chemical elements are challenging to study, complicating their placement in the periodic table. For instance, the radioactive element copernicium is situated among transition metals but behaves like elements from various groups.
This challenge also affects the lower elements of the table. Heavy radioactive atoms known as actinides can be examined by Jennifer Pore at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California. To better understand the properties of actinides, she and her team initiated a chemical reaction to produce a molecule featuring Nobelium, the heaviest actinide and element 102.
The researchers employed a particle accelerator to bombard highly energetic calcium atom beams into lead clusters. The collision resulted in the formation of Nobelium atoms, which subsequently reacted with nitrogen and water molecules present in the air. A swiftly operating detector, akin to a mass spectrometer, more accurately identified the resulting molecules than any prior chemical attempts.
Next, the team replicated the experiment using thorium instead of lead, creating an actinide called actinium (element 89). By comparing the reactions of actinium and nobelium, the researchers confirmed that these two elements behave similarly as they reside in the same column of the periodic table.
Nobelium not only has a rightful place in the periodic table, but it has also become the heaviest element directly observed forming new molecules. However, the heaviest element ever synthesized remains Oganesson, element 118. The techniques used to synthesize molecules containing nobelium and accurately identify them may open new avenues in research.
According to Sofia Heinz from the GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research in Germany, this new experiment marks a significant technological leap in hyperheavy chemistry. Although molecules containing elements heavier than nobelium have been synthesized in the past, researchers were unable to directly identify them. “Being able to study a single molecule directly is a key advancement,” she states.
Peter Schwerdtfeger from Massey University in New Zealand remarked that this novel experiment “opens the door for future experiments involving a diverse range of superheavy elements.”
Even prior to conducting new experiments, the findings have already made an impact. Pore and her researchers originally believed that additional molecules were needed to facilitate reactions with actinium and nobelium. However, unexpectedly, the superheavy element reacted with substances already present. Anastasia Bolshevski at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands suggested that this could prompt scientists to reevaluate past experimental data that assumed they were examining single atoms. “This will keep theorists busy for some time,” Schwerdtfeger adds.
For Pore, the next hurdle involves studying even heavier elements like dubnium, which is element 105. To accomplish this, teams may need to accelerate the procedures to accommodate the heavier elements.
“If all goes well, I aim to explore larger elements at the end of the periodic table. We have yet to explore their heaviness limits with this methodology,” Pore remarks. Unlike nobelium, some of these larger elements may require a new positioning within the standard table.
Here’s a rewritten version of the provided content while retaining the HTML tags:
Current forest die-offs due to global warming resemble those from the Permian and Triassic extinction events.
Ina Fassbender/AFP via Getty Images
Following a dramatic increase in carbon dioxide levels 252 million years ago, the death of forests resulted in enduring climate alterations, with the greenhouse effect persisting for millions of years.
Researchers striving to comprehend this phenomenon, which triggered the largest mass extinction in Earth’s history, caution that ongoing greenhouse gas emissions may lead to similar outcomes.
The extinction events of the Permian and Triassic are believed to have been triggered by extensive volcanic activity in what is now Siberia, elevating atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
The planet’s surface temperature soared by as much as 10°C, with average temperatures in the equatorial regions climbing to 34°C (93°F)—a rise of 8°C above the current average.
Although some scientists have recently posited that these mass extinction events may have limited effects on terrestrial ecosystems, Andrew Meldis from the University of Adelaide expresses confidence that life was nearly extinguished 252 million years ago.
“Small pockets of life might survive mass extinctions in isolated enclaves, but many areas within the Permian-Triassic fossil record reveal a complete ecosystem collapse,” notes Meldis.
He and his team scrutinized the fossil record to investigate why the Super Greenhouse event, which drives mass extinction, lasted five million years—far longer than the 100,000 years predicted by climate models.
The findings revealed that vast expanses of forests, originally with canopies of around 50 meters, were supplanted by resilient underground flora, typically ranging from 5 cm to 2 meters in height. Additionally, peat marshes, significant carbon storage ecosystems, vanished from tropical areas.
Employing computer models of Earth’s climatic and geochemical systems, researchers indicated that the depletion of these ecosystems contributes to elevated CO2 levels persisting for millions of years. This predominantly occurs because vegetation plays a crucial role in weathering, the mechanism that extracts carbon from the atmosphere and sequesters it in rocks and soil over extensive timescales.
With atmospheric CO2 levels rising rapidly, the parallels to the present are striking, asserts Meldis. As temperatures escalate, tropical and subtropical forests may find it increasingly challenging to adapt, potentially surpassing thresholds where vegetation ceases to maintain climate equilibrium.
Meldis explains that simply restoring former ecosystems will not lead to a “ping-pong effect.” He emphasizes that the atmosphere cannot be swiftly rejuvenated after the loss of the equatorial forest.
“You’re not transitioning from an ice house to a greenhouse and then back; the Earth will find a new equilibrium, which may differ significantly from prior states,” he elaborates.
Catlin Maisner, a researcher at the University of New South Wales—who was not involved in the study—describes reconstructing these events as analogous to “trying to assemble a jigsaw puzzle with many missing pieces,” yet acknowledges the team’s arguments as “plausible.”
However, she notes considerable uncertainty regarding oceanic processes during this period. “The ocean harbors far more carbon than land and atmosphere combined, and we still lack a comprehensive understanding of how marine biology, chemistry, and physical circulation were affected during that event,” cautions Meissner.
Should politicians prioritize AI to aid in galaxy colonization, or should they safeguard individuals from the excessive influence of powerful tech? While the former seems more appealing, it’s not the primary concern.
Among the Silicon Valley elite, the emergence of super-intelligent AI is viewed as an imminent reality, with tech CEOs enthusiastically anticipating a golden age of progress in the 2030s. This perspective has permeated both Westminster and Washington, as think tanks encourage politicians to prepare to leverage the approaching AI capabilities. The Trump administration even backed a $500 billion initiative for a super AI data center.
While this sounds thrilling, the so-called “silly intelligence” is already creating issues, akin to the lofty aspirations of super intelligence. A pressing question in the AI sector revolves around whether the vast array of online content essential for training AI constitutes copyright infringement.
Arguments exist on both sides. Proponents assert that AI is not infringing when learning from existing content. New Scientist highlights that simply reading these words should enable AI to learn in the same fashion. Conversely, industry giants like Disney and Universal are opposing this view. They are suing AI company Midjourney for generating replicas of copyrighted images, from Darth Vader to his minions. Ultimately, only the law can reconcile this issue.
We are approaching a world where machines can cause death with minimal human oversight.
The ongoing conflict in Ukraine presents another pressing AI-related dilemma. Sam Altman from OpenAI warns about the potential dangers of advanced AI, noting that fatal, unintelligent AI already exists. The war has progressed towards a scenario where machines could effectively cause harm with minimal human oversight.
Politicians seem to have underestimated this threat. The United Nations convened its first meeting in 2014 to discuss the regulation of “killer robots.” If leaders expect time to resolve their challenges, they may be gravely mistaken.
Astronomers affectionately name planets discovered around other stars after those in our solar system. For instance, the sun is referred to when a giant gas giant orbits a star, known as a Hot Jupiter. On the other hand, planets that are massive icy and gaseous entities located further from their star system are called Cold Neptune. Scientists have a keen interest in exoplanets that are several times larger than Earth, referred to as Super Earth.
Super Earths do not necessarily bear a resemblance to our planet. They do not have to reside in the habitable zone of their respective planetary systems, nor must they support life similar to Earth. Rather, they are defined by their dimensions; these super-Earths are larger than our planet yet smaller than Neptune, which is the smallest gas giant in our solar system. They can generally be rocky or icy, but may also possess gaseous characteristics.
In 2020, a group of scientists observed a star, dubbed TOI512, which is roughly twice as old and massive as our sun and appears slightly red. Their observations were conducted using the TESS satellite, which indicated that it contained two exoplanets. TESS works by monitoring selected stars over extended periods to analyze variations in their brightness. Scientists plot this brightness against time, analyzing the light curve to interpret periodic dips in brightness, indicating that an object passes in front of the star. By measuring the time between dips, astronomers can determine how quickly a planet orbits its star and how much light from the star is obscured.
Recently, an international team of scientists argued that TESS’s observations of TOI512 support different interpretations. They confirmed the existence and characteristics of a single Super Earth in the TOI-512 system instead of two exoplanets. Their interpretation of the light curve indicates that the exoplanet is located at approximately 7% the distance the Sun is from Earth. They suggested that regular dips in the TESS data for TOI512 occur about seven days apart, implying that the light blockage corresponds to a super-Earth about 1.5 times the size of our planet.
However, the light curve provides limited information about the exoplanet. To gather more details regarding its mass and composition, scientists examine how it exerts gravitational influence on its host star, observing the effect on the star’s emitted light through radial velocity measurements. They noted that the stronger the gravitational pull on the star, the larger the exoplanet. Consequently, this team followed TESS observations with radial velocity measurements from the ESPRESSO echelle spectrograph for rocky exoplanets.
By combining data from TESS and ESPRESSO, astronomers determined that the exoplanet orbiting TOI512 is approximately 3.6 times the size of Earth, with a similar density and an almost circular orbit. They estimated its surface temperature to be around 1,000 Kelvin, which is 736°C or 1357°F!
The team then modeled the composition of planets with these characteristics using statistical simulation techniques. In their model, scientists posited that the planets consist of four layers of varying sizes, including an outer gas envelope, an iron core, a silicate mantle, and water shells made of hydrogen and helium. They tested the model by generating 5,000 simulated stars that matched the properties of TOI-512, along with 2,000 simulated planets around each star.
Their findings revealed that the model could not replicate the properties of the TOI-512 exoplanet unless it featured a significant amount of surface water and a deep steam atmosphere. They suggested that this discovery challenges previous models of planetary layers, which assumed that rocky planets near stars lose both their atmospheres and water.
They proposed that this contradiction might imply that the planet is still actively shedding water, as earlier researchers have indicated that rocky planets can retain up to 20% of their original water for as long as a billion years. The team concluded that TOI512 is an excellent candidate for follow-up observations to determine if it is a steam planet or a model for future exoplanet studies.
oMy early memories NE watches my mom and dad play the opening level of Super Mario Bros in cooperative mode on Nintendo’s entertainment system. This was in the early 1990s, and joined the sofa waist and laughed at the idea that two Portly plumbers would become huge after consuming a ton of magical mushrooms.
“Not a tragic myth, normal man has been photographed by Thomas Hobbs’ family with his father, Jonathan. Photo: Thomas Hobbs
At this moment I felt their natural chemistry, but the intoxicating mix of 8-bit visuals and lively, synth-heavy music blew my toddler’s mind. It was frustrating to see me at the end of the level not being able to jump high enough to hit the top of the flagpole, but I remember it being translated to a TV screen.
I was only four years old when my father passed away. It suddenly happened when he was 37 years old and I witnessed it on my bike…it broke my family forever. However, the formative image of his most carefree and in love dad remained, clutching the rectangular controller connected to a grey slab of Japanese joy. It was something I could use whenever I was too sad. Most importantly, memories allowed us to visualize our father as an ordinary person, rather than the tragic myth that he later came to life.
We were a working class family with limited space, so the NES eventually disappeared. No one could resolve whether they were collecting dust in old plastic bags in their relatives’ lofts or if it was accidentally thrown away. So I was recently shocked when mom unexpectedly handed over the console after finding it during the spring clean. She asked me if I could try to fix it.
There were no leads, games or controllers. Also, it was dirty, especially with sticky clumps of dirt around the AV slot, and as judged by the rust gathering in the cartridge slot, there was serious flood damage. After buying an expensive device that cleans deeply, removes all the damp dust from the inside and converts games to HD, I turned it on. For some reason, it still worked. Clearly, like most consumer devices produced in the 1980s, the NES was built to withstand nuclear winters if the Cold War heated up.
The retro Nintendo Family Computer was sold in Japan as a pioneer of the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). Photo: Oli Scarff/AFP/Getty Images
The last few weeks of retaking the game and getting lost in their fuzzy charms were really recovery for my mental health. A chance to reconnect with my roots. It took me about 15 minutes to understand how to jump to the Fortress level in Super Mario Bros. 3 World Level 1. The spikes were down from the ceiling just as my squirrel suit was flying to the other side. But working out made me just patient and had to dive into a small space to avoid any danger.
I’m particularly obsessed with Mike Tyson’s punch-out!! Despite the clunky 2D crowd and square dimensions, the boxer’s movements have a real dynamism, with the sense that David can beat Goliath by simply swinging, weaving and flipping the collision with the jabs he appears in. Later boxing games may have been dripping with body fluids like life, but I have yet to find anything that will replicate more of what is moving for the magic and murder of boxer tastes than this 1987 NES game.
The double dragon was also a revelation. This cooperative fighting game offers a large open space to navigate, making you feel like Brue Three despite the graphical limitations: surrounded by enemies, but with enough battlefield intelligence to use your environment to your advantage and kick your enemies into the dust. The early sequence of fighting some weight on a moving conveyor belt in a race that accompanied a 24-hour tension felt like he was in a John Woo action movie.
These games don’t have a save mode, allowing you to invest in continuous improvement. So, I’m confident that I’ll avoid the same mistake the next time I hit the scary “Game Over” screen. This glyft is oddly addictive and it’s easy to imagine that my father took a quick break after putting the baby to sleep. His heart is heartened by the charm of the hard work at the heart of this more patient era of Nintendo games.
Real dynamism…Mike Tyson’s punch-out!! Photo: Nintendo
Knowing that he once had the same smile while playing NES made him more concrete in my mind. It was possible for me to see through his eyes. And my 2-year-old son feels like he’s putting his father’s energy to life as he experiences his own father, obsessed with firing flower power-ups and defeating Dracula Duck in the final boss battle of the family’s melodrama, a Duck Tales.
Retro games are on the rise in the UK and the US, with many players rediscovering the joy of consoles in the analog era. Playing these old cartridges on the original machine is an escape from a world that gives you a deeper understanding of the evolution of the game and feels much more comfortable than in the days when these machines were thriving. Perhaps they also hope to rekindle memories of those who have passed and continue to connect with their loved ones who once invested time in these devices.
Rather than making that old console a home for spiders in the loft, dust it and play it. It may help you to sadden you, or you may relive special memories that may have been easily lost. When I heard the opening chords for the Super Mario Bros theme song, I immediately went back to that couch with Mom and Dad and assured me that everything would be fine.
scientist First discovered outside our solar systemcalled Planet1990s. Since then, scientists have found some strange systems. Turn robing from the first recorded exoplanet Neutron Star Jupiter-sized Exoplanet brings host stars into orbit Puts the sun in orbit nearly 20 times more than the Earthastronomers continue to find distant planetary systems that look very different from ours. It is a relatively easy exoplanet to find for astronomers. The gas giant is more than twice the mass of Jupiter, or more than 600 times the mass of Earth. Super Jupiter.
Astronomers have proposed two hypotheses on how some exoplanets can make this bigger. The first is that they form this size or grow from the gas and dust around the star’s first surroundings. Protoplanetary disc. The second is that it arises from collisions between two or more small gas giants. Scientists acknowledge that these hypotheses are not mutually exclusive, so some superjupiters can begin their size, while others can be formed by conflict.
However, scientists also say that the larger the Super Jupiter, the longer the longer, or Eccentric The formation mechanism should explain this observation, as its trajectory tends to be. They all agree that there is an answer to how planets interact. Collision advocates point out that hypothetical conflicts can distort Super Jupiter’s trajectory. Supporters of the high early mass say that gravitational pull from adjacent planets can also distort Super Jupiter’s orbit.
A team of astronomers recently tested these hypotheses on the Xplanet TOI-2145B and its host star TOI-2145. This exoplanet has a mass of about six times the mass of Jupiter and more than 1800 times the mass of Earth. They used accurate and detailed data collected by previous researchers from multiple sources. These included observations of the period, width, and distance from the star of the exporanet orbit. Passing an exoplanet survey satellite or Tess, and its mass and orbital eccentricity from Keck Observatory. High resolution Echelle spectrometer Or hire. This team collected their own data using Wiyn Telescope To enhance previous existing recruitment data. All the information was then combined to create a complete image of the stellar, orbital, and planetary properties of this system.
They discovered that TO-2145 stars are about 1.7 times the mass of the Sun, exceeding 1.5 billion years. Its exoplanet orbital is the Earth orbiting the Sun at a distance of over 1/10, causing a complete revolution in about 10 days, with a highly distorted orbit with an eccentricity of 0.2. For reference, Venus orbitalmost perfect circle and has an eccentricity of 0.007. Furthermore, the TOI-2145B’s trajectory is roughly aligned with the host star, with an axial tilt of approximately 7.o. For reference, the Earth has an axial tilt of 23.5othat causes our seasons. They also discovered that the system did not have any other measurable ex-man or nearby stars that could destroy the orbit of TOI-2145B.
The next step for astronomers was to use mathematical simulations to see if they could replicate a Super Jupiter with similar properties to the TOI2145B. Collision dynamics code was used rebound It models how a planetary system with a protranetary disc of a particular size and four starting planets has changed over 10 million years. They changed several parameters into the simulation, including the total mass of the four planets, how the masses were distributed between the planets, how far they were from each other, and the mass of the disc. They have the results of a few dozen simulations. Gaia Archives Check if you can replicate general trends in the Super Jupiter system.
To test the origin hypothesis of Super Jupiter, astronomers used simulations of relatively low protranetary disc masses to represent systems grown through collisions, and systems launched by Super Jupiter on a large scale using simulations of relatively high protranetary disc masses to represent systems started by Super Jupiter on a large scale. They found that the simulated Super Jupiter was consistently similar to the TOI2145B in terms of orbital size and eccentricity, whether the protranetary disc mass is high or low. However, their low-disk mass collision simulations replicated the trends of high-mass planets with more eccentric orbits, but at first, higher-disk mass simulations did not.
The team concluded that Super Jupiter is likely to originate from interplanetary collisions. However, they acknowledged that it is certainly possible for some exoplanets to begin their own lives several times larger than Jupiter.
Light has become a strange material called Super Lido
baac3nes/getty images
For the first time, strange solids that can flow like liquids were created from light. Studying it will help researchers to better understand the exotic quantum state of matter.
“We actually made light on a solid. It's pretty amazing.” dimitris trypogeorgos At the National Research Council of Italy (CNR). He points out Daniele SanvittCNR also showed how light becomes a fluid over a decade ago. Now, Trypogeorgos, Sanvitto and colleagues use light to create quantum “superlides” that are not just robust.
Supercrissilicon has a simultaneously zero viscosity and has a crystalline-like structure similar to the arrangement of atoms in salt crystals. None of these strange materials correspond to outside the quantum domain. For this reason, they were previously only created in experiments with atoms cooled to very low temperatures.
However, in this experiment, the researchers replaced the supercold atoms with superconducting aluminum gallium arcenide and lasers.
They illuminated the laser on small sections of the semiconductor with narrow ridge patterns. The complex interaction between light and material ultimately formed a type of hybrid particle called polaritons. The ridge pattern constrained how these “quasiparticles” could move, and what energy could the polytons have in such a way as to form a superlide.
Sanvitto says the team had to measure the sufficient properties of this trapped and converted light very accurately and prove it was a solid and fluid with no viscosity. This was a challenge, he says, as scientists have never previously created and evaluated superspores made from light experimentally before.
The new experiments say it contribute to a general understanding of how quantum matter can change states by undergoing topological transitions. Alberto Bramati At the Sorbonne University in France. The team clearly demonstrated that they made a superlido, but he says more measurements need to be made to understand its properties.
According to Trypogeorgos, light-based superlides may be easier to manipulate than those previously created with atoms.
“We're really at the beginning of something new,” he says.
Google had to edit an ad for its AI tool Gemini after discovering it contained false information about Gouda cheese, just before it was set to air during the Super Bowl.
Local ads showcasing how AI is used in businesses featured Gemini’s capabilities in helping Wisconsin cheesemongers write product descriptions and track global cheese consumption.
However, a blogger claimed the statistics were “AI hallucinations” and “clearly false”. More reliable data suggests that Dutch cheese may be less popular than cheddar or mozzarella.
Blogger Nate Hake added, “I found this example of AI errors in 20 minutes. I attempted fact checks during the Super Bowl ad.”
Replying,Google executive Jerry Dischler clarified that the AI systems do not invent false information but sometimes pull honest data from websites like Gemini. He emphasized, “Gemini is linked to the web, showing results and references. In this case, multiple sites have the 50-60% stats.”
Google stated they would correct the ads to fix the error after speaking with the cheesemonger in the ad and adjusting the product descriptions on Gemini as per his suggestion.
Google’s AI tools have previously faced criticism for errors and questionable advice. Last year, the AI’s Search feature drew backlash for advising users to use “non-toxic adhesives” to improve cheese sticks, and Gemini’s image generation tool sparked controversy by depicting historical figures in a questionable manner.
The images provoked negative reactions, including from Elon Musk, questioning the impact of libertarians and Stalin. The Gemini Chatbot also faced criticism for its responses in these situations.
Two years ago, a type IA supernova event called SN 2022ABVVT was discovered in Spiral Galaxy LEDA 132905.
This Hubble image LEDA 132905, a spiral galaxy over 400 million light years in sculptor constellation. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble / RJ Foley, UC Santa cruz.
LEDA 132905 in the sculptor’s constellation is over 400 million light years away.
“The galaxy’s spiral structure, resembling a bright blue star patch, appears faint,” said members of the Hubble team.
“The bright white dot between the bright center of the galaxy and the faint left end is the SN 2022ABVVT supernova.”
The supernova SN 2022ABVT was discovered in 2022 by astronomers of the asteroid landlady impacted alert system (ATLAS).
About two months later, the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope observed the star explosion.
“Atlas, designed to track faint-moving signals from asteroids near Earth, also detects objects that suddenly become brighter or fade, like supernovae in the centers of galaxies, various stars, and hungry black holes,” astronomers explained.
This Hubble image of LEDA 132905 was captured using the Hubble wide field camera 3 (WFC3) in the infrared part of the spectrum.
Astronomers are interested in studying type IA supernovae, which occur when the exposed core of ancient stars ignites in a sudden and destructive nuclear fusion burst.
These supernovae are valuable for measuring accurate distances to other galaxies.
“The universe is vast, and supernova explosions are faint,” researchers stated.
“How can we be in the right place at the right time to observe a supernova?”
“Today, most supernovae are discovered by robot telescopes constantly scanning the night sky.”
“However, some are still found the traditional way, with diligent observers taking repeated images of the sky and searching for any changes.”
Black hole is a spots in the universe that cannot be escaped by light because the gravity is very strong. One of the black holes that confuses astronomers is how large they are. Researchers explain one category of black holes over 100,000 to 10,000,000,000,000,000 times, like the sun. Super Massive Black Hall。 These black holes are very large, so Whole galaxy! It generally exists in the center of the galaxy, including ourselves milky wayOur thing is a modest 4,000,000 sun. Scientists are wondering if the universe, which was formed only in the universe, has grown very much. 13.7 billion years ago Big bang.
Gas and dust falling in the black hole, Light flashing attachedIt also occurs slowly to explain the growth of the ultra -high MASSIVE black hole. For example, our Galaxy's super huge black hole grows with just one sun. 3,000 years。 However, assuming that the black hole grows at a constant speed, the huge hole has had to increase the mass of the sun more than the value of the sun every year since the Big Bang.
To solve this problem, astronomers theorize how Black Hall was born in the early universe. Super Massive Black Hall requires a good start compared to the conventional black hole cousin. There is a sun from 10S to 100 years。 Thus, astronomers assume that many black holes and many 100,000 solar sun must have been formed early in the universe. They call these early black holes seed。 Roughly speaking, astronomers propose two potential origin, a black hole species. Giant clouds of dust It collapses directly into the black hole Population III star explosion.
Columbia University's astronomers have recently explored how the seeds have grown to grow to today's size, and how they have appeared in a very large black hole. The first step of the astronomer was to find an appropriate formula to calculate the initial quantity of black holes. Researchers have indicated that black hole growth is almost completely exponential. Therefore, this astronomer began with a modified index growth ceremony, like the calculation. Compound interest。 He took this type of derivative and determined how fast the black hole grew. Astronomers have assumed that all super -large black holes formed between the Big Bangs between 100 and 200 million years will be formed.
Astronomers selected 132,539 ultra -large black holes with sufficiently measured mass, and calculated the characteristics of seeds using his new formula. He discovered that 54 % of the seeds could be less than 350 times the mass of the sun, and could occur from the explosion of the individual group III stars. Another 40 % was 350-2,000 times the mass of the sun, and only 2,000 to 30,000 times the mass of the sun was about 6 %. He suggested that the latter two categories could cause small seeds that fuse immediately after being formed. He pointed out that these results did not directly exclude the collapse of the dust in black holes, indicating that there was no need to explain the ultra -large black hole we are looking at today. I mentioned.
Astronomers suggested that these ultra -large black holes have accumulated most of their mass in the first 1.5 billion years of the universe. 。 He explained that the universe was very dense at the time. Later, the galaxies were approaching each other, so a large amount of materials could fall into the black hole. He concludes that the ultra -large black hole is ultimately the relic of the primitive universe, and has been in a very different way than today's organic stars, dust clouds, and galaxies. I did it.
Methane plume at least 4.8 kilometers long pours into the atmosphere south of Tehran, Iran
NASA/JPL-California Institute of Technology
The world now has more ways than ever to discover invisible methane emissions, which are so far responsible for a third of global warming. But methane “super emitters” take little action even when warned that they are leaking large amounts of the powerful greenhouse gas, according to a report released at the COP29 climate summit.
“We’re not seeing the transparency and urgency that we need,” he says. Manfredi Caltagirone director of the United Nations Environment Programme’s International Methane Emissions Observatory, recently launched a system that uses satellite data to alert methane emitters of leaks.
Methane is the second most important greenhouse gas to tackle after carbon dioxide, and more countries are pledging to reduce methane emissions to avoid short-term warming. At last year’s COP28 climate summit, many of the world’s largest oil and gas companies also pledged to “elimate” methane emissions from their operations.
Today, more and more satellites are beginning to detect methane leaks from the biggest sources of methane emissions, such as oil and gas infrastructure, coal mines, landfills, and agriculture. That data is critical to holding emitters accountable, he says. mark brownstein at the Environmental Defense Fund, an environmental advocacy group that recently launched its own methane sensing satellite. “But data alone won’t solve the problem,” he says.
The first year of the UN’s Methane Alert System shows a huge gap between data and action. Over the past year, this program has 1225 alerts issued When we saw plumes of methane from oil and gas infrastructure large enough to be detected from space, we reported them to governments and companies. To date, emitters have taken steps to control these leaks only 15 times, reporting a response rate of about 1 percent.
There are many possible reasons for this, Caltagirone says. Although emissions from oil and gas infrastructure are widely considered to be the easiest to deal with, emitters may lack the technical or financial resources and some methane sources may be difficult to shut down. there is. “It’s plumbing. It’s not rocket science,” he says.
Another explanation may be that emitters are not yet accustomed to the new alarm system. However, other methane monitoring devices have reported similar lack of response. “Our success rate is not that good,” he says Jean-François Gauthier GHGSat is a Canadian company that has been issuing similar satellite alerts for many years. “About 2 or 3 percent.”
Methane super emitter plume detected in 2021
ESA/SRON
There are also some success stories. For example, the United Nations issued several warnings this year to the Algerian government about a source of methane that has been leaking continuously since at least 1999, and whose global warming impact is equivalent to driving 500,000 cars a year. It is said to be equivalent. By October, satellite data showed it had disappeared.
But the big picture shows that monitoring is not yet leading to emissions reductions. “Simply showing a plume of methane is not enough to take action,” he says. rob jackson at Stanford University in California. The central problem, he sees, is that satellites rarely reveal who owns leaky pipelines or methane-emitting wells, making accountability difficult.
Methane is a major topic of discussion at the COP29 conference currently being held in Baku, Azerbaijan. a summit At a meeting on non-CO2 greenhouse gases convened by the United States and China this week, each country announced several measures on methane emissions. That includes a U.S. fee on methane for oil and gas emitters, a rule many expect the incoming Trump administration to roll back.
The first cosmonaut to cast a vote from space was actually a cosmonaut (individuals trained by the Russian Space Agency for space travel) who flew from the Salyut-1 space station to the 24th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1971. I voted.
Subsequently, three more cosmonauts voted in the 1989 Soviet parliamentary elections from the Mir space station, which operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001. Their votes were not confidential, and they communicated their choices to ground controllers instead of using regular communications. This public vote could have been great publicity for those seeking support from space.
However, when it came to democratic voting with secure ballots, there was a challenge. In November 1996, during the United States presidential election featuring candidates Bill Clinton, Bob Dole, and Ross Perot, astronaut John Blaha, a U.S. citizen residing in Texas, wanted to vote. As he was on the Mir space station, NASA facilitated secure communications for his voting process. Yet, the Texas Secretary of State intervened due to the lack of provisions in Texas election law for electronic voting, preventing Mr. Blaha from casting his vote.
This situation led to the signing of a new bill in 1997 by Governor George W. Bush, explicitly allowing voting from space. Astronaut David Wolfe’s first vote took place in a local election in Texas.
Since then, astronauts have been able to vote from space, with most opting to do so. The majority of astronauts relocated to Texas for training, enabling them to vote legally under the new law. There are also provisions for residents of other states to vote through collaboration with NASA.
read more:
So, how do astronauts actually vote from space? Before their launch, all military personnel overseas must register for a federal postcard application. When it’s time to vote, NASA’s Johnson Space Center sends test ballots provided by the relevant county clerk to the astronauts. The astronauts use a training computer to complete the ballot, ensuring it is correctly received on Earth. The authentic ballot, along with credentials from the county clerk, is securely transmitted to the astronaut’s computer for electronic completion, then sent to NASA.
The ballot transmission occurs through NASA’s Tracking Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) to the White Sands Complex in New Mexico, and then via landline to Mission Control at Johnson Space Center. The completed ballot is emailed as a password-protected secure file to the county clerk for formalization.
STS-86 crew member David Wolfe, first American to vote in space – Photo credit: NASA
With the upcoming US presidential election in November 2024, stranded astronauts Sunita Williams and Butch Wilmore may still be in space, necessitating the need for them to vote from space. Originally scheduled to return in June 2024, delays have extended their stay, with their planned return now set for February 2025 by SpaceX.
The crucial question remains: did they submit the federal postcard application for voting prior to launch? Failure to do so may still prevent them from voting.
Check out our ultimatefun factsMore amazing science pages.
Tesla CEO Elon Musk has denied reports that surfaced last week that he plans to donate $45 million a month to a super PAC working to elect President Donald Trump.
Musk appeared on Jordan Peterson’s show on Tuesday and said the allegations were “simply not true.” “I’m not giving $45 million a month to Donald Trump,” he said.
“What I’ve done is I’ve created a pack, or a super pack, or whatever you want to call it,” he said. “It’s called the America Pack.”
Super PACs (short for political action committees) are independent political organizations that allow donors to give unlimited amounts, but there are contribution limits on individuals and organizations other than super PACs.
After his interview with Peterson, Musk Reply “Yeah right,” he commented on a clip of X’s interview, as well as another tweet addressing the reports. To tell“Yeah, that’s ridiculous. I donate some money to America PAC, but at a much lower level. The PAC’s core values are supporting meritocracy and individual liberty. Republicans are largely, but not entirely, on the side of meritocracy and liberty.”
The denial came days after Joe Biden dropped out of the presidential race and endorsed Vice President Kamala Harris, who has enough delegates to win the Democratic nomination in August.
Also on Tuesday, The New York Times report The super PAC employed former staffers from Florida Governor Ron DeSantis’ presidential campaign. “The super PAC has created an air of mystery around Trump, with other outside groups knowing almost nothing about its plans,” the Times reported.
But aides to DeSantis’ initial campaign manager, Genera Peck, and Phil Cox, former chairman of the Republican Governors Association, said the campaign was seeking to become one of the major groups supporting Trump, which could help increase its legitimacy within the Republican establishment.
“It’s about promoting the principles that made America great in the first place,” Musk said on Peterson’s show. “I wouldn’t say I’m, like, a MAGA,” he added, referring to Trump’s catchphrase. “I think America is great. I’m more of a MAG, someone who makes America greater.”
Musk did not disclose how much he plans to donate to the PAC.
AmericaPac already has the backing of Musk’s friends and allies in the tech industry, the Times reported. reportJoe Lonsdale, who co-founded the software company Palantir with Peter Thiel, Major Political Donors President Trump’s new running mate is Senator J.D. Vance of Ohio.
The Winklevoss twins, crypto entrepreneurs who have accused Joe Biden of waging a war on cryptocurrencies through regulation, have also contributed to the effort, The Wall Street Journal reports. reportIn June, they praised Trump as a “pro-Bitcoin, pro-crypto and pro-business.”
According to The Wall Street Journal, Elon Musk has announced plans to donate $45 million per month from July onwards to support a super PAC working towards the election of Donald Trump.
Musk, a tech billionaire who recently endorsed Trump, has already made a substantial donation to America PAC. The exact amount of this donation will be revealed in election filings on July 15, as per Bloomberg.
Reports from both The Wall Street Journal and Bloomberg are based on anonymous sources familiar with Musk’s plans. With an estimated net worth of $252 billion, Musk is considered one of the wealthiest individuals globally.
The potential donation from Musk is described as “tremendous” by The Wall Street Journal, highlighting that the largest known donation in the 2024 election cycle so far is $50 million. This amount was contributed by the great-grandson of banker Thomas Mellon to a pro-Trump super PAC.
As of June 30, there were no records of Musk donating to the super PAC, according to a review by The New York Times.
America PAC has garnered support from Musk’s tech industry associates, as reported by The New York Times. Joe Lonsdale, co-founder of Palantir with Peter Thiel, has also endorsed the PAC, along with the Winklevoss twins, crypto entrepreneurs critical of Biden’s policies.
America PAC, launched recently, aims to finance robust Republican voter mobilization initiatives in key states to counter Democratic efforts, according to The New York Times.
Contrary to earlier reports, Musk clarified in a tweet in March that he had not made any donations to U.S. presidential candidates.
○On March 14, Team 0% was on the verge of finishing their seven-year mission to conquer all 80,000 incomplete levels of the 2015 Nintendo game Super Mario Maker. They only had two challenging maps, “Herb Trimming” and “The Last Dance,” left to conquer. But as time ticked away, Nintendo dropped the bombshell that they would be shutting down the game’s servers on April 8th. Any level unfinished by then would remain that way forever. Unfortunately, Team 0% fell short at the final hurdle.
When Super Mario Maker was released for the Wii U, players discovered the thrill of creating their own levels and sharing them online. However, to upload a level, players had to beat it themselves first. Little did they know that one of the remaining levels was a hoax.
From its launch, Super Mario Maker inspired players to create incredibly difficult levels with inventive designs. A website called Super Mario Maker Bookmarks tracked every uploaded level, generating stats on completion rates. In 2017, a Reddit user named the0dark0one compiled a list of levels yet to be beaten, unknowingly sparking a journey.
Jeffie, the founder of Team 0%, launched a Discord server in December 2017 to tackle the backlog. They faced technical challenges due to the volume of data but persisted, clearing the initial list after eight months. However, new levels kept pouring in, each more challenging than the last.
Super Mario Maker allows players to craft levels using the Wii U’s touchscreen, resulting in a range of creative challenges. Photo: Nintendo
The team developed training levels within Super Mario Maker to teach newcomers the unique skills required to ace tricky levels. As they sharpened their skills, the task became more daunting with the deadline looming, requiring nearly 100 levels to be completed daily.
As the team neared the finish line, they faced suspicions regarding the legitimacy of the last level, “Trimming the Herbs.” Some speculated it might have been completed using cheats like TAS (Tool-Assisted Speedrun). Ultimately, the creator admitted to using TAS, tarnishing the victory moment.
Despite the disappointment, players continue to tackle “Trimming the Herbs” before the shutdown. The accomplishment lies not just in completing every level in Super Mario Maker, but in preserving the efforts of all creators in the game’s history.
Starch is a component of wheat flour and is used as a thickening agent in cooking.
Victor Fischer/Alamy
Making small sheets or cages from starch particles turns them into super-thickeners, which can reduce the calorie content of food.
Starches are often added to foods such as soups to thicken them, but this increases their calorie and carbohydrate content. now, lee peiron Researchers at Cornell University in New York have discovered that by arranging starch particles into special shapes, they can reduce the amount of starch in foods without sacrificing texture.
Starch particles expand when heated, which thickens the food. This means that the particles get stuck together and there is less room for the liquid components of the dish to flow freely. The researchers wondered if they could recreate this effect while reducing the amount needed by hollowing out starch blocks. “But you can't carve starch grains like pumpkins,” says Lee.
Instead, he and his colleagues devised a method that uses starch particles extracted from amaranth grains and assembles them into three-dimensional shapes by mixing them with water and oil. Starch particles were placed around the oil droplets, and the researchers used a combination of heating and freeze-drying to remove the two liquids. This left only starchy structures, some shaped like cages with a hollow center, others like sheets stacked on top of each other so that the liquid was trapped between them.
The research team discovered that these starch structures are so good as thickeners that they can halve the amount of starch typically needed to thicken foods.
Fan Zhu Researchers at the University of Auckland in New Zealand say the use of these granules as building blocks for a new class of hollow starch structures is so innovative that starches could become a big part of future food design. It has said. However, Zhu said amaranth starch is expensive and difficult to source in large quantities, so it would be advantageous to apply the new method to more affordable and abundant starches, such as starch made from corn. says. “And more research is needed into what happens when you put these kinds of structures in your mouth,” he says.
plants by exposing them to certain chemicals at seed can affect subsequent growth. Researchers found that treating seeds with ethylene gas improved both growth and stress tolerance. This finding includes enhanced photosynthesis. Carbohydrate production in plants has the potential to be a breakthrough in improving crop yields and resilience to environmental stressors. Like other living things, plants can be stressed. Usually the conditions are as follows heat and drought. That can lead to stress, and when stressed, the plant may not grow as much or produce less. This can be a problem for farmers, so many scientists have tried genetically modified plants to make it more elastic. However, plants modified to obtain higher crop yields are low stress tolerance. This is because they put more energy into growing than protecting them from stress. Similarly, as plants improve their ability to withstand stress, production often decreases because they spend more energy protecting than growing. This brainteaser makes it possible It is difficult to improve crop yields. I was studying How the plant hormone ethylene regulates plant growth and stress responses. In Research to be published in July 2023, my lab made an unexpected and provocative observation. We found that when seeds that are normally underground germinate in the dark, adding ethylene improves both growth and stress tolerance. Ethylene is a plant hormone Because plants cannot move around, they cannot avoid stressful environmental conditions such as heat or drought. They receive various signals from their environment, such as light and temperature, which shape their growth, development, and how they respond to stressful situations. As part of this regulation, plants make various hormones They are part of a regulatory network that allows them to adapt to environmental conditions. Ethylene was first discovered as a gaseous plant hormone over 100 years ago. Since then, research has shown that all land plants studied produce ethylene. In addition to controlling growth and responding to stress, they are also involved in other processes, such as turning leaves in autumn and promoting fruit ripening. Ethylene as a way to “prime” plants My lab focuses on how plants and bacteria sense ethylene and how ethylene interacts with other hormonal pathways to regulate plant development. While conducting this research, my group accidental discovery. We were experimenting with germinating seeds in a dark room. Seed germination is a critical period in a plant’s life when seeds transition from dormancy to seedlings under favorable conditions. In this experiment, Seeds exposed to ethylene gas Continue this for a few days to see what effect it has. The ethylene was then removed. Normally, the experiment should end here. However, after collecting data on these seedlings, we transferred them to lightweight carts. This is not something we normally do, but we wanted to grow the plants to adulthood so we could have seeds for future experiments. After a few days of placing the seedlings under light, some lab members made the unexpected and surprising observation that the plants briefly gassed with ethylene. it was much bigger. These plants had larger leaves and longer and more complex root systems than plants not exposed to ethylene. These plants continued to grow at a faster rate throughout their lives. The plant on the left was not primed with ethylene, while the plant on the right was primed with ethylene. Both plants are the same age. Credit: Binder Lab, University of Tennessee, Knoxville My colleagues and I wanted to know if plants are diverse seed Exposure to ethylene during seed germination showed growth stimulation. We discovered it the answer is yes. We tested the effects of short-term ethylene treatment on germinating tomato, cucumber, wheat, and arugula seeds, all of which grew significantly. However, what made this observation unusual and exciting is that short ethylene treatments also Increased tolerance to various stresses salinity stress, high temperature, hypoxic conditions, etc. The long-term effects of short-term exposure to a stimulus on growth and stress tolerance are often referred to as priming effects. This can be thought of as pump priming priming allows the pump to start easier and faster. There are studies that investigated how plants grow after priming at different ages and developmental stages. but Seed priming Methods using various chemicals and stress are probably the most studied because they are easy to implement and, if successful, can be…
Millions of mobile phone users have been warned about possible text scams in the run-up to Christmas, reaching a peak today on what has been dubbed “Super Saturday.”
The BT-owned EE network says cybercriminals are trying to take advantage of the busy last-minute shopping season to carry out delivery-style scams that suggest packages are waiting to be dropped off or have been delayed. He said there is a possibility.
This technique tricks recipients into clicking a link that unknowingly installs malware (malicious software) or leads them to a phishing page designed to collect personal or financial data. There is likely to be.
EE said it had successfully blocked around 3 million SMS scams sent to customers’ mobile phones on this day last year.
The company expects to stop up to 5 million such scams this month. It also announced that it has blocked more than 45 million fraudulent texts so far in 2023.
EE said in a statement: “December’s most common SMS scams were delivery-related, as shoppers scrambled to organize their packages at the last minute in time for the holidays.”
“These include missed delivery or tracking text scams that prompt customers to click on a link that gives criminals the opening they need to steal consumer data and money.”
image: Photo: Alamy
The company is urging consumers to be wary of scams, especially in the coming weeks, as the stress of preparing for the holidays can “impair your judgment and make you less alert.”
read more: Booking.com customers warned of ‘well-designed scam’ Scammers’ tactics are becoming increasingly complex – here’s what to watch out for UK launches charter to fight fraud, false advertising and romance scams
Johnny Bunt, director of regulation at BT Group’s consumer arm EE, said: “Super Saturday is set to be the busiest day of the year for mass retailers.”
“With deliveries piling up on doorsteps, scammers will be looking for ways to capitalize on the festive enthusiasm.
“As one of the UK’s front lines against SMS scam texts, we have a clear picture of the threat level here at BT and EE, and we have already seen an alarming spike in delivery fraud in particular.”
We’re sharing some tips to help you stay safe from scams.
• Never click on links in text from unknown sources. • Trust your intuition. If something is questionable, there is probably a catch. • Keep your device software up to date • Never give out your bank account details, passwords, or security codes on linked websites. • If you receive a call from your bank, consider calling back on the published number or using the 159 service. • If someone calls you as scheduled, if in doubt, hang up and call back to a trusted number. • If you receive a suspicious text, please forward the number and incident to 7726 toll-free for investigation by your mobile phone provider. • Once reported, block the number and notify others about the scam to avoid falling victim to it.
This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.
Strictly Necessary Cookies
Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings.
