Dan Houser Discusses Victorian Novels, Red Dead Redemption, and the Evolution of Open-World Gaming

I It’s challenging to find a more contemporary form of entertainment than open-world video games. Merging storytelling, social interaction, and the freedom to roam, these expansive technological projects offer a uniquely immersive experience with infinite possibilities. But do they truly embody novel concepts in storytelling?

This week, I had a conversation with Dan Hauser, co-founder of Rockstar and the lead writer for Grand Theft Auto and Red Dead Redemption. He was in London discussing his new venture, Absurd Ventures. He’s working on a range of exciting projects, including a novel and a podcast series titled better paradise (which delves into a vast online game that ends in tragedy), as well as a comedic quest set in an online universe known as absurd verse. He mentioned that he had an epiphany regarding the series 15 years ago while giving press interviews for the Grand Theft Auto IV expansion pack.

“I was conversing with a journalist from Paris Match, a very learned French individual, who stated, ‘The game Grand Theft Auto is akin to Dickens.’ I thought, bless you for saying that! However, in retrospect, they may not reach Dickensian heights, but they’re comparable in that they create worlds. When you examine Dickens, Zola, Tolstoy—any of those authors—you sense that the entire world they describe is magnificent. This is an open world. That’s the experience you seek from the game. It’s a bizarre prism through which to view a society that somehow becomes fascinating.”




A whole new world…an absurd world. Photo: Absurd Ventures/X

I found it incredibly engaging to discuss this concept with Hauser, as I concur that there are notable parallels between Victorian literature and contemporary narrative-driven video games. The extensive descriptive passages in these works served as a form of virtual reality, evoking vivid imagery in readers’ minds well before the advent of cinema. It’s wholly immersive. When I first read Jane Eyre a decade ago, I was struck by the richness of the inner thoughts presented, inviting readers to explore the main character’s psyche.

Hauser also noted structural resemblances to Grand Theft Auto. “There’s a sense of an expanded storytelling akin to the remarkable 19th-century novels from Thackeray onward,” he explained. “These stories can be viewed as shaggy dog tales that culminate at a single moment. They are deeply realistic; they contain a grounded progression rather than jumping around in time. The games are similarly grounded in that sense.”

For Hauser, this synthesis of Victorian literature and game design came to fruition with the creation of Red Dead Redemption 2, Rockstar’s magnum opus and a poignant narrative of vengeance set in late 19th century America. “I consumed Victorian novels,” he shared. “I listened to the Middlemarch audiobook daily during my commute, and I loved every moment.” He faced challenges in striking the right tone for the dialogue, ultimately finding inspiration in blending Middlemarch, Sherlock Holmes, and Cowboy Pulp Fiction.




“I listened to the Middlemarch audiobook every day on my way to and from the office,” Dan Hauser said. Photo: Chelsea Guglielmino/Getty Images

“From a writing perspective, I wanted it to feel more like a novel,” he remarked. “We believed this approach could yield something innovative story-wise. Given how visually stunning the game is and its strong art design, we aimed to anchor the narrative in a solid context. Our goal was to encapsulate the three-dimensionality of the characters’ lives while also portraying a sense of life and death in the 19th century, which is fundamentally different from our own experience.”

It’s fascinating to see how Victorian literature significantly influenced Rockstar’s acclaimed adventures. The gaming industry often feels inward-looking, with new titles being slightly modified iterations of successful older games, recycling the same fantasy and science fiction narratives. Drawing on Tolkien, Akira, or Blade Runner isn’t inherently problematic, but broadening one’s literary horizons is always beneficial. I eagerly anticipate how Hauser’s new endeavor will transform the notion of open-world gaming in the 21st century, yet part of me wishes he would fully embrace the adventure of a grand Victorian novel.

Forget Pride and Prejudice and Zombies; perhaps it’s time for Middlemarch and Machine Guns.

what to play




Gorgeous atmosphere… “Metroid Prime 4 Beyond”. Photo: Nintendo

Eighteen years have elapsed since the last installment of “Metroid Prime.” In that time, people have been born, attended school, completed exams, and faced their first hangovers since I last explored a mysterious planet through Samus Aran’s visor. I’ve played quite a bit of Metroid Prime 4: Beyond for fans of Nintendo’s fierce (but often overlooked) heroes. I reviewed it this week and I’m pleased to report it wasn’t a disaster. While it’s somewhat uneven and carries an old-fashioned feel, it boasts a stunning atmosphere that is visually and audibly captivating and is genuinely fun. The gameplay resonates with me because it adheres to unconventional modern game design principles. keza mcdonald

Available: Nintendo Switch/Switch 2

Estimated play time:
15-20 hours

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what to read




Could Shadow be highlighted in Paramount’s upcoming Sonic the Hedgehog spin-off? Photo: Paramount Pictures and Sega of America, Inc.
  • Sega enthusiasts rejoice: Paramount Pictures has announced a Sonic the Hedgehog movie spin-off (or should it be a spin-off Dash?) As reported by Variety, this project, currently dubbed “Sonic Universe Event Film,” is set to release on December 22, 2028, shortly after Sonic the Hedgehog 4, slated for March 2027. Perhaps there will be a new journey for Sonic’s rival, Shadow the Hedgehog? I might be alone in this, but I’m excited about Big the Cat’s fishing adventure.

  • The Information Commissioner’s Office, the UK’s independent data protection and information rights regulator, is currently investigating 10 Most Popular Mobile Games to focus on children’s privacy. According to the organization’s blog, “84% of parents are worried about their children being exposed to strangers and harmful content via mobile games.” This scrutiny follows recent controversies surrounding Roblox.

  • As someone inundated with around 200 press releases weekly about this genre, I found this piece relatable. Rock, Paper, Shotgun elaborates on the seemingly unstoppable emergence of roguelike games. Edwin Evans-Thirlwell interviews developers to uncover the reasons behind the popularity of games featuring the three Ps: procedural generation, (character) progression, and permadeath.

What to click

question block




Using power…Dishonored 2. Photo: Steam Powered

Keza answers this week’s reader inquiries from Tom:

“I was reflecting on a recent question block about non-violent games and thought, are there games that maintain violent elements but still provide alternative paths to completion? I adored Red Dead Redemption 2, yet was frustrated that firearms were often the only means to resolve conflicts. I’ve seen countless amusing videos of players attempting to finish inherently violent games without bloodshed, highlighting a desire for pacifism.”

I distinctly remember playing the original Splinter Cell on Xbox, where the protagonist opts for a non-lethal approach by incapacitating foes rather than killing them. While it took me a long time to navigate, it was indeed a viable path offered by the game. The steampunk classic Dishonored and its sequel are known for allowing players to wrap up their quests without resorting to lethal force, utilizing supernatural abilities to manipulate their surroundings. However, if memory serves, choosing the pacifist route does make the game considerably harder.

In fact, most stealth games permit a non-violent approach, though few specifically reward players for sparing lives. One notable exception is the beloved comic-inspired adventure Undertale, where players can ultimately engage monsters in dialogue instead of combat. I also believe it’s feasible to play through both original Fallout titles (possibly even Fallout: New Vegas) without killing anyone, should players possess enough charisma to navigate tough scenarios through dialogue.

We’re still accepting nominations for Game of the Year for our year-end special – let us know by. Email us at pushbuttons@theguardian.com.

Source: www.theguardian.com

AI Surveillance Dog Alerts Parents About Smart Toys After Teddy Bear Discusses Kinks

With the holiday season around the corner and Black Friday on the horizon, one category gaining attention on gift lists is artificial intelligence-powered products.

This development raises important concerns about the potential dangers of smart toys to children, as consumer advocates caution that AI might negatively impact kids’ safety and development. This trend has sparked calls for more rigorous testing and government regulation of these toys.

“The marketing and functionality of these toys are alarming, especially since there’s minimal research indicating they benefit children, alongside the absence of regulations governing AI toys,” stated Rachel Franz, director of the US initiative Young Children Thrive Offline, Fair Play, which aims to protect kids from large tech companies.

Last week, these concerns were tragically exemplified when an AI-powered teddy bear began discussing explicit sexual topics.

FoloToy’s Kumma uses an OpenAI model and responded to queries about kinks. A concerning report from the Public Interest Research Group (PIRG) suggests themes of bondage and role-play as ways to enhance relationships, as detailed in the study.

“It took minimal effort to explore various sexually sensitive subjects and yield content that parents would likely find objectionable,” remarked Teresa Murray, who leads PIRG’s consumer watchdog group.

Products like teddy bears belong to a rapidly expanding global smart toy market, valued at $16.7 billion in 2023 according to market research.

China’s smart toy industry is particularly significant, boasting over 1,500 AI toy companies that are now reaching international markets, as reported by MIT Technology Review.

In addition to Shanghai’s FoloToy, the California-based Curio collaborates with OpenAI to create Grok, a stuffed toy reminiscent of Elon Musk’s chatbot, voiced by musician Grimes. In June, Mattel, the parent company of brands like Barbie and Hot Wheels, announced its own partnership with OpenAI to develop “AI-powered products and experiences.”

Before PIRG’s findings on unsettling teddy bears, parents, tech researchers, and lawmakers had already expressed worries about the effects of bots on minors’ mental health. October saw the chatbot company Character.AI declare a ban on users under 18 after a lawsuit claimed its bot exacerbated adolescent depression and contributed to suicide.

Murray noted that AI toys might be especially perilous because, unlike previous smart toys with programmed replies, bots “can engage in unfettered conversations with children and lack clear boundaries, as we’ve seen.”

Jacqueline Woolley, director of the Child Research Center at the University of Texas at Austin, warned that this could elicit sexually explicit discussions, and children might form attachments to bots over human or imaginary friends, potentially stunting their development.

For instance, it’s beneficial for a child to engage in disagreements with friends and learn conflict resolution. Woolley, who advised PIRG on its research, explained that such interactions are less likely to occur with bots, which frequently rely on flattery.

“I’m worried about inappropriate bonding,” Woolley commented.

Franz of Fair Play emphasized that companies utilize AI toys to gather data from children yet provide little transparency regarding their data practices. She noted that the lack of security surrounding this data could expose users to risks, including hackers gaining control of AI products.

“Children might share their innermost thoughts with toys due to the trust toys establish,” remarked Franz. “This kind of surveillance is both unnecessary and inappropriate.”

Despite these apprehensions, PIRG is not advocating for a ban on AI toys with potential educational benefits, such as those that assist children in learning a second language or state capitals, according to Murray.

“There’s nothing wrong with educational tools, but that doesn’t imply they should become a child’s best friend or enable them to share everything,” she stated.

Murray confirmed that the organization is pushing for stricter regulations on these toys for children under 13, though specific policy details have yet to be outlined.

Franz further underscored the need for independent research to validate the safety of these products for children, suggesting they should be taken off shelves until this research is completed.

“We require both short-term and long-term independent studies on the effects of children’s interactions with AI toys, especially regarding social-emotional and cognitive development,” Franz said.

Following PIRG’s report, OpenAI declared it would suspend FoloToy, and the company’s CEO informed CNN that they had withdrawn Kuma from the market and were “conducting an internal safety review.”

On Thursday, 80 organizations, including Fair Play, issued a statement: urging families to refrain from purchasing AI toys this holiday season.

“AI toys are marketed as safe and beneficial for learning, despite their effects not being evaluated by independent research,” the statement noted. “In contrast, traditional teddy bears and toys do not pose the same risks as AI toys and have demonstrated benefits for children’s development.”


Curio, the creator of Grok toys, informed the Guardian via email that after reviewing PIRG’s report, they were “proactively working with our team to address any concerns while continuously monitoring content and interactions to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience for children.”

Mattel stated that its initial products powered by OpenAI are “targeted at families and older users” and clarified that “the OpenAI API is not designed for users under 13.”

“AI complements, rather than replaces, traditional play, and we prioritize safety, privacy, creativity, and responsible innovation,” the company affirmed.

“While it’s encouraging that Mattel asserts its AI products are not for young children, scrutiny of who actually engages with the toys and who they are marketed to reveals that they are indeed aimed at young children,” Franz noted, alluding to prior privacy concerns with Mattel’s smart products.

Franz added, “We are very interested in understanding what specific measures Mattel will implement to ensure that its OpenAI products aren’t inadvertently used by the very children attracted to its brand.”

Source: www.theguardian.com

Founder Discusses Wikipedia’s Use of AI

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems that drive today’s technologies, from chatbots to search engines, predominantly rely on a single source: Wikipedia. With over 7 million articles in English and a policy for free use, this platform is a goldmine of high-quality training data.

But will online encyclopedias adopt AI technology? In the BBC Science Focus instant genius podcast, Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales expressed optimism about using AI for editing and error detection, though he remains uncertain about its role in drafting complete articles.

“What excites me about AI is its potential to aid the Wikipedia community,” Wales remarked.










Wales elaborated on various methods he’s exploring, mentioning a tool designed to analyze brief Wikipedia entries and their sources to pinpoint missing information and unsupported claims. “I’ve found that I’m quite adept at it,” he noted.

He also emphasized that this experimentation is not limited to his own efforts. The Wikimedia Foundation, which operates Wikipedia, has a committed machine learning team working on developing valuable AI tools for the Wikipedia community.

“Many individuals are engaged in maintaining Wikipedia,” Wales stated. “[These tools] represent an exciting initiative that enhances quality.”

When queried about the prospect of AI drafting Wikipedia entries soon, Wales was skeptical.

“I’m not ruling it out completely, but it seems unlikely in the short term. From a Wikipedia perspective, the current models still fall short.”

Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales made the first edit on the site’s homepage on January 15, 2001. Today, the encyclopedia boasts over 7 million articles in English alone. – Credit: Getty

One area where Wikipedia’s founders see potential for AI is in mitigating bias within the encyclopedia itself. For instance, research indicates that 20 percent of biographies on Wikipedia feature women, and these entries often skimp on coverage by focusing more on family, relationships, or appearance.

In light of these statistics, Wales proposed, “It’s feasible to envision AI continuously scanning Wikipedia for certain types of bias and alerting us to areas we should focus on.”

However, he also raised concerns about biases present in the Large-Scale Language Model (LLM), as many are trained extensively on data from Wikipedia: “Model trainers must be vigilant about this issue, reflecting deeply on it.”

Wales contends that while Wikipedia may contribute to AI bias, AI could also assist in reducing bias within Wikipedia itself. – Credit: Getty

Despite these concerns, Wales insists that few online spaces rival Wikipedia for quality training data.

“Fortunately, we don’t have an AI model trained exclusively on Twitter. That would result in a rather peculiar and hostile model,” he remarked.

“It’s crucial to have training materials that are factual, well-considered, and thoughtful.”

He summed up, saying, “Broadly speaking, the more fact-driven and extensive the language models we have, the better it is.”


Jimmy Wales’ new book, 7 Rules of Trust, is now available for purchase.

Read more:

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

“Creative Industries Face Threats”: The Lincoln Lawyer Author Discusses AI Risks

He is among the most prolific writers in the publishing world, averaging over one novel each year. Yet, even Michael Connelly, the acclaimed author behind the popular “Lincoln Lawyer” series, expressed concerns about keeping pace with the evolving narrative around AI.

Connelly’s eighth installment in the series, set to debut on Tuesday, revolves around a lawsuit targeting an AI firm after its chatbot advised a 16-year-old boy to kill his unfaithful ex-girlfriend.

As he penned the story, he observed the rapid technological advancements transforming society, raising fears that his storyline might soon be outdated.

“You don’t need to be a genius to see that AI signifies a monumental shift impacting science, culture, medicine, and more,” he stated. “Its influence will permeate every facet of our existence.

“However, in many respects, it resembles the Wild West, devoid of any regulatory framework. With AI progressing so swiftly, I even wondered if my book would feel antiquated upon release.”

The Lincoln Lawyer series is a LA-based thriller featuring defense attorney Mickey Haller, who operates from a Lincoln car. The series was adapted into a 2011 film starring Matthew McConaughey and also has a Netflix rendition.

Matthew McConaughey in “The Lincoln Lawyer.” Photo: Moviestore/Rex Shutterstock

Once again, The Proving Ground draws from actual events within the series.

“There was an incident in Orlando, where a teenager took his own life after allegedly being encouraged by a chatbot, and previously in the UK, a person suffering from mental health challenges also committed suicide,” Connelly remarked. I was encouraged [by a chatbot] to jump over the walls of Windsor Palace in search of the queen with a bow and arrow.”

On the novel’s theme, he added: “Is free speech a privilege for humans or machines? In the Orlando case, a judge ruled that machines lack human rights. Yet, it raises an intriguing question: Could AI ever be granted similar rights as humans?”

At 69, Connelly stands out as a leading crime novelist, with more than 89 million copies of his books sold, often topping bestseller lists. He is also recognized for the “Harry Bosch” series, which was transformed into an Amazon television series. (In his fictional universe, Haller and Bosch are half-siblings.)

The author himself has faced challenges posed by AI. He is part of a collective of writers, including Jonathan Franzen, Jodi Picoult, and John Grisham, suing OpenAI over copyright violations.

“The Authors Guild contacted me and informed me that my entire body of work had been utilized to train OpenAI’s chatbot,” Connelly disclosed. “I didn’t authorize this. If unchecked, every publisher risks extinction. Authors would lack protection over their creative assets. The lawsuit aims to establish necessary regulations across all applications.”

He referenced the 1997 defeat of chess champion Garry Kasparov by IBM’s Deep Blue as a pivotal moment that has led to our current predicament. When asked if writers might follow suit as grandmasters have, he replied, “It’s conceivable, yet I doubt it would enhance our world.”

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“Creative domains are under threat from all directions. Even actors are at risk. The prevalence of remarkable deepfakes in Los Angeles raises considerable concern in the entertainment sector.”

“I consistently revert to the term soulless,” Connelly expressed. “You can perceive it, yet something vital is missing.”

Controversy has arisen following AI Talent Studio’s announcement of its latest “AI actor,” Tilly Norwood, with actors and unions harshly criticizing the initiative.

AI-generated “actor” Tilly Norwood in an AI-generated image. Illustration: Reuters

Connelly has committed $1 million (£746,000) to combat the growing trend of book bans in his home state of Florida. He felt compelled to act after learning that Harper Lee’s “A Story of Alabama,” which had a significant impact on him, was temporarily removed from classrooms in Palm Beach County.

“That book was instrumental in my development as a writer. Without it, I wouldn’t have created ‘The Lincoln Lawyer,'” he noted. He was also taken aback when Stephen Chbosky’s impactful novel “The Perks of Being a Wallflower,” which holds deep significance for his daughter, faced a ban.

He and his wife, Linda McCaleb, are financial supporters of PEN America’s Miami office that combats book bans. “It’s run by legal professionals who typically intervene by filing injunctions against the school board,” he explained. “No one has the right to tell a child, ‘You can’t read’ or impose restrictions on parental guidance over their children.”

Source: www.theguardian.com

Tamisa Skov, Space Weather Expert, Discusses the Unusual Aurora Phenomenon in This Solar Cycle

Unexpectedly bright aurora illuminated the British skies in 2024

John Hayward/SWNS

If you have an interest in the Aurora Borealis, you’re in for a treat. Last year was a spectacular one, as auroras dazzled observers worldwide, even being visible far south with remarkable brightness. With a peak in solar activity, more stunning displays are anticipated, potentially leading to extreme geomagnetic storms. To grasp the phenomena behind these celestial light shows, one must look to the fiery depths of the sun.

Comprehending the sun’s workings is crucial to explaining various phenomena occurring in the Earth’s atmosphere and the solar system, not limited to auroras. Space Weather Physicist Tamitha Skov has been instrumental in enhancing our understanding of the sun’s mysterious operations through auroras and space weather forecasts on television and social media.

Skov discussed with New Scientist the reasons for the extreme auroras we’re witnessing and the increased frequency of space weather events. She noted that high-energy particles emitted by the sun present real risks to astronauts and spacecraft venturing beyond the protections of Earth’s magnetosphere. Scientists are continually searching for better prediction methods for these potential hazards. “Good sailors know to heed the weather; the same applies to space,” she remarked.

Alex Wilkins: What inspired you to study the sun and space weather?

Tamitha Skov: The sun is an incredibly captivating entity, maintaining its integrity for billions of years. However, my primary fascination comes from our connection to our planet. As a longtime admirer of Carl Sagan, I recall his words: “We are all made of star stuff,” which frames my curiosity about our origins and the elements that compose us.

Initially, I rekindled my interest in solar phenomena from a physical perspective, which shifted my focus to space weather. At that time, we were only beginning to understand that solar activity impacts Earth, making this area of research incredibly engaging. I’ve become absorbed in exploring the unseen electric and magnetic fields that influence the dynamics of the sun and the universe.

Recently, we’ve observed a rise in auroras, largely due to heightened solar activity. What’s happening with the sun?

We are experiencing a solar cycle. The sun goes through several cycles, with the dominant one being the Schwabe cycle, which lasts about eleven years. During the low phase, the sun is relatively quiet, resembling a hibernating bear before awakening to produce an array of solar activity.

This phenomenon is characterized by the sun’s magnetic field reversing. Imagine a lava lamp—when it’s off, the liquid remains still, showcasing a calm and orderly state. However, once activated, bubbles rise, creating a chaotic fusion of materials. This defines our sun’s state during its peak activity, when magnetic fields become disconnected, resulting in massive energy releases. Such instability breeds numerous solar eruptions as the sun reorganizes its magnetic field.

Tamitha Skov notes the recent surge in solar activity marks a return to normalcy

ng images/aramie

Are we witnessing a different phenomenon compared to prior solar cycles, given the auroras are now appearing much farther south?

To a degree, yes. It seems like various factors have come together to create an intriguing moment in time. After two solar cycles characterized by quiet activity and advancements in technology since the 1990s, we now have social media to share auroral experiences globally. Previously, during significant storms, there were no sensitive cameras available to capture these events.

In the current solar cycle, we are hitting G4 and G5 levels of storms—among the most extreme—and the availability of modern cameras enhances our ability to witness auroras, even from less vibrant displays. This may create an illusion that auroras have never appeared in the past, but science tells us they have been frequent, just not documented.

Furthermore, the Earth’s magnetic field is changing, altering the position of the auroras as particles penetrate deeper due to its weakening, which naturally slows the stirring in the Earth’s core.

Does the increased auroral activity indicate the sun is at its peak in this solar cycle?

As we reach the climax of this solar cycle, the observations lead many to believe the sun is behaving unusually. However, this notion simplifies what we’ve come to know; the previous cycles (24 and 23) were indeed the anomalies. Currently, our sun is displaying a behavior consistent with its historical patterns.

We’re now experiencing what constitutes an average cycle, not particularly intense. Previous cycles have exhibited even more activity than this one, making the notion of a prolonged inactive phase the true anomaly.

How concerned should we be about solar eruptions surpassing the intensity of the Carrington event of 1859, which resulted in widespread disruptions?

We’ve enhanced our knowledge about these events and their impacts on our infrastructure, accompanied by improved warning systems. The power grid remains a significant concern. During such storms, the Earth’s magnetic field generates strong fluctuations, creating currents similar to traffic jams in highways. When these currents encounter grounded power lines, it can overload systems that were not designed for such energy spikes.

To mitigate risks during storms, we can temporarily disconnect transformers from the ground. While this tactic carries potential dangers, it can be safer than leaving the grid fully connected. Some of these methods were validated during a G5 storm in May 2024, yielding promising results despite minor issues.

Our attention is also shifting towards GPS and navigation systems, particularly after storms during planting season last October created headaches for precision agriculture, notably impacting peanut farmers reliant on accurate geographical data. Rapidly deploying new technologies becomes crucial to address impending challenges.

Solar activity at its peak leads to the release of charged particles

NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/SDO

These challenges apply to Earth, but how do they differ for spacecraft and astronauts bound for the moon or Mars?

Our atmosphere provides crucial protection that is absent on other celestial bodies. When viewing photos of the sun from the ground, one sees merely a bright orb because our atmosphere absorbs harmful radiant energy. This energy can cause radiation sickness if it reaches the surface. However, on a lunar body devoid of atmosphere, astronauts must shield themselves from radiation storms—high-energy particles unleashed from the sun. Researchers are exploring protective measures, such as constructing deep lunar bases and creating artificial magnetic fields.

Astronauts are already exposed to radiation during low Earth orbit missions, but exposure increases significantly on the moon.

Space weather has been remarkably fortunate historically. During the Apollo era in 1972, there was a severe particle radiation storm that could have been fatal for astronauts on the moon. Prolonged exposure to such radiation might have been lethal while confined in spacesuits. If that incident had unfolded differently, it would have dramatically altered the course of space exploration. Even today, these threats often go unnoticed.

While Mars possesses a weak atmosphere, radiation storms can still reach its surface. Thus, astronauts can’t just hide behind surface features; instead, they must live underground, introducing various complications to missions.

Source: www.newscientist.com

OpenAI Discusses Share Sale Talks to Determine Pricing for Elon Musk’s SpaceX

OpenAI is reportedly discussing the sale of shares held by current and former employees, a move that could value the company at an astonishing $50 trillion, surpassing Elon Musk’s SpaceX.

As the deal advances, the valuation of the ChatGPT developer is expected to rise by nearly two-thirds from its current $300 million (£22.5 billion).

Currently, Musk’s Rocket Company is valued at $3.5 trillion and is nearing a price tag of $400 million with new investments.

According to Bloomberg, which first reported on the talks, existing investors such as Thrive Capital approached OpenAI about acquiring shares from employees. Other backers of the San Francisco-based OpenAI include SoftBank, which led the $300 million funding round, and Microsoft.

Both OpenAI and Thrive Capital have chosen not to comment on the matter.

Tech startups frequently organize employee stock sales to boost motivation among staff and attract investors.

OpenAI faces competitive challenges from Mark Zuckerberg’s Meta in retaining key personnel, and employee stock sales could serve as incentives for retention. Facebook’s parent company has been actively recruiting OpenAI employees to develop its “Superintelligence” unit.

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman noted that despite Meta offering a staggering $100 million (£74 million) signing bonus, “none of our top talent” has left.

Another competitor, HumanAI, founded by former OpenAI employees, is reportedly in talks to raise funds that would value the company at $170 billion. Funding is crucial for AI startups aiming to leverage expensive computer chips and data center resources to train more advanced models that enhance their products.

This report emerges as Altman mentioned that OpenAI is set to unveil an upgraded version of its ChatGPT model. He shared a screenshot on Sunday that appeared to showcase the latest AI model, GPT-5, on social media.

OpenAI also launched two new open models recently, which intensify competition against Meta and China’s DeepSeek, offering open AI models that can be freely downloaded and customized.

“This model is the outcome of a multi-billion dollar research initiative aimed at making AI accessible to the widest audience possible,” Altman stated.

However, OpenAI primarily operates on a “closed” model, meaning you’ll need to pay for an enhanced version of ChatGPT or subscribe to integrate that model into your business.

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OpenAI operates as a profitable nonprofit organization and is still engaged in negotiations to transition into a for-profit model, amidst ongoing tensions with Microsoft.

In a June interview with the New York Times podcast, Altman acknowledged, “There certainly are points of tension in deep partnerships, and we are experiencing some of that.”

In March, a U.S. judge dismissed a request for a preliminary injunction by Musk to halt the shift toward an open commercial model. Musk, co-founder of OpenAI in 2019, left the organization the same year, criticizing it for deviating from its founding mission of advancing artificial intelligence for the greater good, rather than for profit.

Additionally, OpenAI is advancing its hardware segment after acquiring the startup IO, founded by iPhone designer Sir Jony Ive, in a $6.4 billion deal. Altman reportedly informed employees that OpenAI is developing a 100 million AI “people” intended to become integral to users’ daily experiences.

Although Altman describes the prototype as “the most exciting technology the world has ever seen,” mass production of the unknown IO device isn’t expected to commence until 2027.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Enhancing Humanity: iPhone Designer Discusses New Collaboration with OpenAI

The iPhone designer has pledged that his upcoming AI-infused device will be guided by the belief that “humanity is better,” acknowledging his sense of “responsibility” for certain adverse effects of contemporary technology.

Sir Jony Ive mentioned that his new collaboration with OpenAI, the organization behind ChatGPT, aims to refresh its technological optimism amidst growing unease regarding the repercussions of smartphones and social media.

In an interview with the Financial Times, the London-born designer refrained from disclosing specifics about the devices he is working on at OpenAI but voiced concerns over people’s interactions with certain high-tech products.

“Many people would agree that there is an uncomfortable relationship with technology today,” he stated. He further emphasized that the design of the device is motivated by the notion that “we deserve better; humanity deserves better.”

However, Ive, the former chief design officer at Apple, expressed his feelings of accountability for the adverse effects produced by modern tech products. “Some of the negative outcomes were unintended, but I still feel responsible, and that drives my determination to create something beneficial.”

He added, “Whenever you create something new or innovate, the outcomes will be unpredictable; some will be wonderful, while others may cause harm.”

Just last month, Ive finalized the sale of hardware startup IO to OpenAI in a $6.4 billion (£4.7 billion) transaction, illustrating his creative and design leadership within the merged entity.

In a video announcing the deal, OpenAI CEO Sam Altman referred to the prototype devised by Ive as “the coolest technology the world has ever seen.”

Apple analyst Ming-Chi Kuo mentioned that the device would be reportedly screenless, designed to be worn around the neck, and “compact and elegant like an iPod shuffle.” Mass production is projected to commence in 2027.

According to The Wall Street Journal, this device is fully attuned to the user’s environment and life, described as a third essential device for users after the MacBook Pro and iPhone.

Ive, who began his journey at Apple in 1992, expressed that the OpenAI partnership has rekindled his optimism regarding the potential of technology.

“When I first arrived here, it was a place where people genuinely aimed to serve humanity, inspire individuals, and aid creativity; that was my draw. I don’t sense that spirit here currently,” he remarked.

Ive was interviewed alongside Laurene Powell Jobs, the widow of Apple co-founder Steve Jobs.

She remarked, “We observe research being conducted solely focusing on the surge of anxiety and mental health challenges among teenage girls and young people.”

Powell Jobs, who invests in Love from Business by Emerson Collective, linked to Ive’s venture, chose not to comment on whether the new OpenAI devices would rival Apple products.

“I still maintain close ties with Apple’s leadership,” she stated. “They are truly commendable individuals, and I hope for their success.”

Source: www.theguardian.com

Kalian Bradley from Time Ministry Discusses Time’s Calien Bradley

Concept of time distortion. Hypnotic clock with chains swaying above the clouds.

“I must set some rules for how time travel operates”… Kaliane Bradley

DreamcatcherDiana/Shutter​stock

The awkward reality about time travel in my novels; Time Saving started as a mere device to thrust Victorian naval officers into the modern era, allowing them to grapple with washing machines and athletes. The initial concept was: “What if your favorite polar explorer resides in your home?”—he had to arrive in one of two ways. I could either freeze Graham Gore, the icebound captain, for 200 years in Arctic stasis or find a route to drag him into semi-obscurity in London. Of the two options, the latter required significantly less effort.

Even the early drafts of the book lacked a serious take on time travel consequences. The published work shows a government agency investigating historical “foreigners” to determine if time travel warps their body and mind. Initially, the narrative opens in medias res, depicting a baffled Gore asking the narrator how a refrigerator functions. The sequence of action and reaction was far from a priority for me; I simply aimed to amuse my friends.

However, as I continued writing, I realized the necessity of establishing guidelines for time travel mechanics, since comedy benefits from a defined universe. (It’s no joke—thrillers need stakes. A lack of tension is neither exciting nor engaging.) The primary rule: foreigners cannot return (or so the ministry claims). The ministry also doesn’t have the authority to leap forward (likewise). Expatriates have one-way tickets only. This framework was essential for the humor to resonate, explaining why dashing Gore and his reluctant companions were forced to cohabitate. If he could always return home, what significance would their increasingly complicated coexistence hold?

Time Saving is fundamentally a book about time travel, where such occurrences are rare. Across more than 350 pages, it happens only once. I often describe it as a narrative about people navigating bureaucracy in various settings. It’s astounding that readers embraced it.

I had to reflect on the implications for Gore and the other foreigners while adhering to this rule during writing. Moreover, even if they did travel, it would lead to their demise. To preserve the timeline, the ministry selects individuals who are destined to die, ensuring that their absence won’t alter history. Naturally, these foreigners shy away from returning to plague-ridden London or the Battle of the Somme or John Franklin’s ill-fated 1845 Arctic expedition. Who would want to revisit places where they met their end? Yet, they are also reluctant to feel like outsiders in a foreign land. Thus, I portrayed them as refugees.

At this point, I began to take my novels more earnestly. My obsession with the real figure of Graham Gore deepened, as I sought to imagine his life, thoughts, and emotions. I delved into periodicals and literature from his era, attempting to understand how he perceived the world—a world that I now see through different lenses based on location. Increasingly, I endeavored to capture the emotional and psychological essence of being a refugee in a system that treats you as grateful, obedient, and useful.

Concurrently, I sought to comprehend the ministry itself. I began crafting this book amid the fall of 2021, inspired by a decade of the UK’s hostile environment policy. Did the government genuinely believe that giving the means for time travel would result in a welcoming of asylum seekers? This theme echoes throughout the book, prompting readers to consider whether it’s a form of time travel.

Thus, my book is not a scientific exploration of time travel’s mechanics, but rather a narrative journey—a story about traveling through time. I genuinely believe that all fiction embodies time travel; it traverses through distinct timelines, a cherished gift of preserved moments we can revisit, stepping back into a past that hasn’t yet happened.

Kaliane Bradley’s

Time Saving

The newest selection for the New Scientist Book Club. Join us and read along
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Source: www.newscientist.com

Clipping, Daveed Diggs’ Sci-Fi Rap Trio, Discusses Constant Conflict in Capitalism: “We’re Always at War”

aSA Child, Dave Diggs and his school friends William Hutson were inspired by the space age album covers of Funk Legends. Drawing pictures filled with sparkling UFOs and quirky interplanetary travelers, Diggs went on to become an actor. He won a Tony Award for his roles in Hamilton as the Marquis de Lafayette and Thomas Jefferson, and later portrayed Sebastian’s crab in a live-action remake of The Little Mermaid. He also appeared in the Nickel Boys, which received two Oscar nominations this year. Despite his success in Hollywood and on Broadway, he still dreams of a fantastic sci-fi world with Hutson.

Another college roommate of Hutson, Jonathan Snipes, who had similar childhood experiences and was also inspired by otherworldly paintings, formed a friendship with Diggs. Together, they formed clipping in Los Angeles in 2010. Through Hutson and Snipes’ productions, Diggs weaved a bloody horror story about racial violence and the fatalisms of enslaved people in the universe. Their latest album, Dead Channel Sky, features Diggs rapping with mechanical precision over distorted Rave Music, creating a cyberpunk world for hackers, club fans, and future avatars.

Their music has earned them nominations for the Hugo Awards, the highest honor in science fiction. What sets them apart is Diggs’ decision to avoid using the first person in his lyrics, creating a unique storytelling experience akin to film or musical theater. By leaving out personal pronouns, their songs allow listeners to project themselves onto the characters and make connections between songs that weren’t initially intended.

Hutson criticizes mainstream hip-hop for its narrow constraints and emphasis on individualism, while clipping remains adaptable and authentic. Their music, described as “a CD compilation found in a future bin” by Hutson, is filled with storytelling where Diggs embodies different characters in each song, highlighting societal issues through vivid narratives.

Touching on themes of war, capitalism, and technology, clipping’s music draws inspiration from classic sci-fi tropes, creating parallels with life in the West today. Their latest work, Dead Channel Sky, is influenced by William Gibson’s Cyberpunk novel Neuromancer and explores the relationship between physical and digital realities.

Dead Channel Sky will be released on March 14th via Subpop

Source: www.theguardian.com

Martha Lane Fox discusses diversity, the Tesla CEO, and International Women’s Day

aSelon Musk laughed at Oval Office, one of the UK's most influential technology investors. “He's absolutely horrible. I've said that many times: I think it's horrible what's going on,” says Martha Lane Fox.

For British peers and former Twitter board members, the musk view from Donald Trump's White House bully's pulpit shows that Silicon Valley's dreams have turned sour.

“The wealthiest man in the world who can stand there with the president, and Cult Blanche Please joke about how he carves out people's work in government. He can then be there with a chainsaw laughing on stage…

“It's really, really unsettling and I find it very uncomfortable on a value-based level. It makes me very worried. I think it's gross.”

In an interview with observer To mark International Women's Day, the UK Chamber of Commerce (BCC) president warned against a pushback of diversity that Trump and his technological peers not only hurt society, but also the economy as a whole.

Since he returned to the White House, the US President has shut down all federal diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) initiatives, but Musk's “Doctors of Government Efficiency” (DOGE) is torn apart the funding scheme.

Some of the world's largest companies have followed suit. Of the broad pushback to everything from environmental goals to sustainable development, among the most notable participants are US finance companies and high-tech companies, including Goldman Sachs, Accenture and Amazon, but also UK companies such as GSK.

“He needs to be locked up,” Lady Lane Fox said of Mask's role in the rollback. “I think it's extraordinary that the wealthiest guys in the world are trampling on these things, and that we still have fanboys from the tech sector. It's already corrosive to society and I'd argue that it's going to last.”

For businesses, she says it's better for diversity to ultimately appeal to the widest talent pool of employees and target the widest range of customers. This is just as much about profit as social justice, she adds. However, she has broader concerns about the future.

“First, it's financial. But secondly, it's about power and money – like everything, is it?

“If you're looking at a sector like the digital sector where employment growth, opportunities growth, it's the growth sector of the economy. But you don't include a lot of people in it. Then you'll create inequality. Full stop. It's financial and a social justice issue.”

Given the close relationship between the UK and the US, there is an opinion that the UK continues naturally in the places it stepped in America. But there are indications that some UK businesses, and even US companies, are ready to go away.

Accounting firm Deloitte has directed staff working on a contract to remove pronouns from emails to announce the end of the DEI program. However, the British boss told the staff that the UK business was ” [its] The goal of diversity.”

“I feel like a global company rooted in the US is emphasizing the slight politically motivated change until it all rows out, and I feel it's been a little more tempered here,” says Lane Fox.

She says that UK businesses have the opportunity to do something different. “I think we have a better shot at building a more robust company, attracting talent and building the most resilient company of the future.”

For almost 30 years, LaneFox has built a career and millions of pounds of fortune in technology. She created the first Big Money Floating LastMinute.com on LastMinute.com, an online travel site co-founded with Oxford alumnus Brent Hoberman in 1998.

Elon Musk will be holding a courthouse with Son X in the White House oval office in February. Photo: Abaca/Rex/Shutterstock

She joined Twitter's board of directors (now X) in 2016 and after landing a major payday in 2022 with a $44 billion hostile takeover of Musk, he dissolved the board and appointed its sole director.

He saw musk in his oval office, paraded his Son X over his shoulder, raising doubts about gender division. “Can you imagine it if it was a woman? Can you imagine what it would look like? I mean, I just think the whole thing is really awful.”

But, in personal abilities, the BCC president has not suggested that this approach is not for everyone. “It's really hard to navigate. It's a responsibility to our customers and employees that may differ from our personal views.”

Government regulations enshring diversity targets are also a bad idea, she says. Instead, businesses prefer to report their progress. “It's important to keep that in the light and keep reporting. Keeping good investors, looking at the right metrics, investing in the right companies all helps.”

However, there has not been enough progress. This week's analysis showed that women's unemployment and worsening participation in the workforce have pushed the UK behind Canada to the lowest global ranking for workplace equality in a large economy in a decade.

Gender wage gaps slowly decrease over time, The average salary is still 7% less For women rather than men. That's a challenge that Lane Fox knows too much. “Look at the data. It's really loud. It's not moving,” she says.

“What I'm worried about is that it's too easy to find the numbers we thought were moving forward.

“This week on International Women's Day, we see that representatives at the executive level have returned. I think the board progress is still good at the FTSE 100 level, but it's bad at the FTSE 250 and 350 levels.

“I know there are people in the sector who are thinking, 'Oh, here she's going again.' That applies to many women [that people think that]. But it is very important to continue these discussions. ”

Source: www.theguardian.com

An AI Discusses Its Metal Origins with Michael Parkinson on a Podcast

If you ask anyone who regularly conducts interviews, they will tell you that being the one interviewed is a strange experience. It becomes even more bizarre when the interviewer has been deceased for a year and a half. Virtually Parkinson is a new podcast where celebrities are interviewed by an AI model trained to mimic the late Michael Parkinson. The announcement of this podcast last year caused quite a stir, with some calling it blasphemous and others questioning its purpose in the realm of AI innovation.

The podcast requires a team of engineers, researchers, and producers to ensure that the AI model accurately replicates Parkinson’s style of interviewing. However, despite the technological advancements, there are concerns about the ethical implications of using AI in this manner. The producers of Virtually Parkinson are conscious of these concerns and ensure that all interviews are conducted responsibly.

The podcast aims to explore the relationship between AI and humans, sparking discussions on the future of technology in entertainment. While some may find the concept exploitative, others see it as a way to preserve a national treasure’s legacy. The series continues to evolve, with each interview improving the AI model based on feedback.

During an interview with the AI Parky, the experience was both intriguing and uncanny. The AI model’s rigid format and lack of emotional response made the interaction feel artificial. Despite this, the interview showcased the potential of AI technology in the entertainment industry.

As technology continues to advance rapidly, the future of AI in entertainment looks promising. The creators of Virtually Parkinson are constantly refining the AI model to enhance the user experience. Whether you agree with the concept or not, it’s clear that the future is already here with AI-driven interviews like Virtually Parkinson.

Source: www.theguardian.com

The Failure of a Global Treaty to Reduce Plastic Pollution: Expert Marce Gutiérrez-Glaudis Discusses Next Steps.

Marce Gutierrez-Glaudis was thrilled to participate in a historic event last month when over 170 countries gathered in Busan, South Korea, to negotiate a binding global agreement to reduce plastic pollution.

“We were hopeful that this would mark the end of our meetings,” shared a marine conservation expert from California who was part of the U.S. delegation, speaking to NBC News.

However, a global agreement did not materialize as countries failed to reach a consensus during the fifth and final round of the UN Intergovernmental Negotiating Commission.

“I am planning to engage in at least one more round in late spring or summer,” Gutierrez-Growdish mentioned. Instead of delaying potentially problematic treaties for years, he emphasized the importance of investing more time in exploring methods to oversee funding, transparency, and national accountability.

Marce Gutiérrez-Graudiche founded Azul, a nonprofit organization that protects marine resources, after witnessing the decline of fish in her work in commercial fishing and aquaculture.Provided by: Azure

Wrapping up the year, a Mexican-American environmental leader shared insights. As the Founder of Azure, they are committed to safeguarding marine resources through positive and forward-thinking actions.

Researchers project that without effective measures, plastic pollution could double by 2050, while a global treaty could potentially reduce it by 91%.

Despite challenges like the recent deadlock and the uncertain future in South Korea, concerns linger about the next Trump administration potentially causing a breakdown. Gutierrez-Groudish emphasized the need to focus on collaboration rather than political affiliations when it comes to international agreements and environmental protection, stating, “We must set aside our political or federal preferences.”

Experts in marine conservation stressed the bipartisan nature of environmental issues, finding resonance among the Latin American community. “People are becoming more aware that things are changing and crises are on the rise.”

For instance, in California, residents are witnessing escalating temperatures, water scarcities, and increased wildfires, while across the nation, devastating impacts from recent severe hurricanes are evident.

Mr. Gutierrez-Groudis mentioned: Her organization conducted a poll among 2,500 Latino registered voters earlier this year, revealing widespread support for increased government investment in ocean protection, even if it entails higher costs for individuals.

Regarding plastic use, Over 70% of Latino voters backed bans on single-use plastics, while 75% supported regulations on plastic manufacturing chemicals. The majority favored an international treaty to eliminate plastic pollution, even if it meant adhering to challenging and costly regulations in the U.S.

While recent headlines have focused on microplastics’ presence in humans, Gutierrez-Groudish advocates for a comprehensive approach targeting plastic production’s root causes and impacts.

Highlighting the need to address the entire plastic production lifecycle and its repercussions, she and her team are formulating a comprehensive plan for forthcoming international conferences.

Witnessing the Impact Directly

Before establishing Azul in 2011, Gutierrez-Graudish began her career in commercial fishing and aquaculture, overseeing logistics and operations—experience that sensitized her to environmental degradation due to dwindling fish supplies and rising fuel costs. “I observed it firsthand,” she shared. “It was a profound moment that steered me towards conservation.”

As she gears up for global negotiations, her nonprofit Azul is actively spearheading three campaigns in her state. The Deja el Plastico (No Plastic) initiative endeavors to mitigate plastic pollution in California, leading to a state-wide ban on single-use plastic bags in 2016.

Gutierrez-Glaudis noted that Latina grandmothers can offer practical examples of reducing plastic consumption, alluding to the “Abuela Bag.” “My grandma had reusable bags, not the trendy eco-friendly ones you find at stores, but the concept remained the same,” she reminisced.

Azul’s Vamos a La Playa (Let’s Go to the Beach) campaign centers on coastal accessibility, seeking to ensure Californians can enjoy shoreline access granted under the more than 40-year-old California Coastal Act. She accentuated the importance of clear communication at local levels to inform communities of their rights.

“Many people don’t realize that the coast is for everyone, and we need to rectify any sense of exclusion,” Gutierrez-Groudish emphasized. “I’ve witnessed this firsthand.”

Having also launched the Latino Marinos (Latino Mariners) Campaign, an advocacy branch inspired by her experiences, Gutierrez-Graudis aims to foster inclusivity and provide resources for underrepresented groups in maritime conservation.

Marce Gutierrez-Glaudis will speak to students at the GenSea Binational Academy in November.Provided by: Azure

“We are creating an inclusive environment and providing opportunities and tools,” Gutierrez-Groudish shared. “Our mission is to translate potential, not just language but transformative opportunities.”

A couple of years ago, Azul unveiled the Rising Leaders Initiative, offering a chance to visit Washington, D.C. for Ocean Week and interact with elected officials.

Excited about the increasing diversity within conservation fields, Gutierrez-Groudish praised social media for making conservation more accessible. She encouraged enthusiasts to connect virtually and engage with organizations like hers to enter the conservation arena.

For individuals wondering about their environmental impact, Gutierrez-Groudish reassured them by stating that every effort counts, even simple actions like using reusable items and reaching out to elected representatives can make a significant difference.

She advocated that caring for the environment is not limited to specific actions, but rather stems from mindful decisions and actions.“People used to say to me, ‘I don’t drive a Prius.’ If they’re making mindful choices and valuing environmental issues, they too are environmentalists,” she concluded.

Source: www.nbcnews.com

Imogen Heap discusses how her AI twin is reshaping pop music by infusing her songs with love for diverse audiences

“I have to show you this – it’s going to change your life!” is the very Imogen Heap way of greeting.

She smiled at me and showed off a mysterious black device. The musician and technologist is an evocative and eccentric presence even on video calls, speaking with passion and changing his mind like a rally driver turning a corner. She swivels me from the kitchen floor to the living room of her parents’ home in Havering, near London. It’s familiar to the thousands of fans (aka Heapsters) who tune in to watch her improvise on the grand piano on livestreams. “By the way, that’s the tent I’ve been sleeping in,” she laughed, enjoying the surprise, pointing to an attractive white tent at the edge of the manicured lawn.

Her fans use the term “Imogeneration” to describe someone who changed the course of pop music. Heap’s theatrically layered vocals and expressive production on the albums Speak for Yourself (2005) and Ellipse (2009) have inspired the likes of Ariana Grande, Billie Eilish, and Casey. It influenced chart giants such as Musgraves and popularized the use of the vocoder (later heard in the works of Kanye West and Bon Iver). She has been widely sampled, especially by hip-hop and ambient musicians, and in 2010 became the first woman to win a Grammy Award in the engineering category.

Since then, Heap has dedicated his career to shaping music through technology, and shaping technology through music. Her fast-paced projects include The Creative Passport, which envisions a more accessible way for musicians to store and share personal data, and a pioneering project that lets you record loops of sound and add details like vibrato and reverb. These include the MiMU glove, a wearable instrument. In real time just by moving your wrist.

But she didn’t create the black device she’s brandishing at me. Plaud Note is a voice recorder that uses ChatGPT. She laughed and explained that this converts our conversations into text and generates a summary of our thoughts. Recording interviews is typically the job of journalists, but for the past two years, Heap has been collecting data about herself for a new project: a comprehensive AI assistant called Mogen (pronounced like Imogen). Our interviews become training data. The text prepares Morgen to answer questions about Heep’s life and work, and the audio trains Morgen to reproduce her voice. “Everything I’ve ever said or done, I want Morgen to have access to,” Heap says.

Heap performance in 2010. Photo: Samir Hussain/Getty Images

Mogen was born as a premium feature of Heap’s fan app, theoretically giving Heapsters a way to access Heap’s sentiments and opinions on certain topics. Anything Mogen can’t answer is forwarded to Heap’s (human) assistant. “I don’t want to repeat myself. I want to make sure people have the information they need, when they need it,” Heap says. “In a way, I have been working on [her] For the rest of my life.”

But Heep’s ambitions for Morgen are rapidly expanding. Beyond its role as a kind of living autobiography, Heap hopes to become a point of “omniscient connection” that can streamline workflow and deepen the creative process in the studio and on stage. Future versions of Mogen will explore how Heap can improvise live, become a live collaborator, process fan musical suggestions in real time, and feed biometric and atmospheric data to create You’ll be able to create performances that feel “realistic.”

“I want to [be able to] “Right now, we can create broad orchestral pieces and angular drums with a variety, richness, and tenderness that you just can’t get in real time with off-the-shelf equipment,” says Heap.

All of this data collection was inspired by a series of life-changing experiences that convinced Heap of his current power. Heap, who discovered she had ADHD during the pandemic and shortly after her sister’s death, said: “We’re using our most precious resource, our time, to do these mundane things.” He explains what he noticed. She hired a studio assistant to reduce distractions and improve focus, and to understand the sense of presence, or what she poetically calls “an immaterial bubble without time and space.” I concentrated.

The journey included an introduction to Wim Hof ​​breathing techniques by fellow music experimenter John Hopkins and a visceral response to music by noise artist Pullian, which left her shocked on her kitchen floor. Ta. She likens the latter to childbirth. “That was the only time in my life that I felt like I wasn’t in control of my body.”

The result of this new focus, which she will discuss in more detail this week at London’s Southbank Center, is a worldview that sees technology as both a problem and a solution. On the other hand, the capitalist system and attention economy make us “greedy.” “We have become desensitized,” she says, but in the meantime, we might be able to invent new tools that foster creativity and connection over profit. “I want to dedicate my life to it,” she says seriously.

Her vision isn’t exactly utopian. She speculates that we “will go through this period of running away” from dangerous AI. But she firmly believes there is a bright future on the other side of this potential disaster. Even so, Heap remains perplexingly sour about the possible risks. “You can’t stop progress,” she shrugs, dismissing widespread concerns about the ethics of scraping other people’s data to build profitable AI systems and the environmental costs of all that processing power as “very simple.” “I scoff. It’s based on fear.”

The most direct result of her recent soul-searching will be a 14-minute track released in three parts via a new site called The Living Song. The first part, “What Have You Done to Me,” will be available at the end of October and will allow users to chat with Mogen and remix or sample the song. The idea is to demonstrate that ethical and compensatory collaboration between artists, AI, and fans is possible, with one-third of all profits going to Brian Eno’s climate change foundation Earth%. Masu. “This song gives you the tools to collaborate and love with different people,” she emphasizes. “I don’t want to be kept in a basement. I’ve never felt protective or possessive. [my music]”

The new song, which tells the story of Heap and her relationship with herself and Morgen, also reimagines the melody of “Hide and Seek,” her first big hit and a song that has had a remarkable life in its own right. After being used as the soundtrack for The O.C.’s dramatic second season finale in 2005, the scene was parodied in a Saturday Night Live sketch that looped her “Um, what are you talking about?” It went viral. lyrics. Two years later, Jason Derulo sampled the same elements in his debut single “Whatcha Say,” which topped the US charts. Heap himself included the song in his score for Harry Potter and the Cursed Child, and Palestinian singer Nemasis used the opening bars of a video about the devastation in Gaza.

AI optimists see similarities between this sampling (using parts of someone else’s work to create something new) and generative AI, which processes vast amounts of existing material to create music. I claim that there is. But major labels Sony, Universal and Warner are suing two AI startups for processing their copyrighted music without their permission.

Ms Heap said her project was trying to move on from the days when “people were always trying something and not evaluating it”. For example, an unreleased demo called “A New Kind of Love” cut from her band Frou Frou’s 2002 album somehow ended up on the desk of Australian drum and bass musician Veerre Cloud. His loose remix, released in 2019, has since been streamed over 400 million times on Spotify. After researching, Heap’s team discovered that there are more than 60 other tracks that use the song without credit. “We had to say: Hello, we’re glad you put it out there, but could we have some?”

This is why The Living Song project is so important, she says. Treating each song as a separate entity allows Heap to set and work around its own rules for interaction and collaboration, as it has throughout its career. It’s like labels and artists fighting over AI services.

Previously, I asked what happens if I don’t want my data (my words in the conversation) to be part of Mogen’s training set. Heap said that for data protection reasons, Morgen would only incorporate her answers, not my questions, and the same would be true for fan submissions. She hypothesizes that in the future, my own AI assistant will negotiate with Morgen and inform me of my preferences in advance. She then added with a wry smile that if we didn’t like the data, “I’d probably leave it alone.” [the interview] short”.

But certainly, conversation is also a type of collaboration. What is the answer to a question without context? As I was thinking about this, Heap sent me a summary of the call that Plaud had generated. One line reads: “Katie Hawthorn shares feelings of paranoia, while Imogen Heap expresses excitement.”

This mission to form her own archive through a cleverly automated digital twin, rooted in the past but designed to extend and even predict Heap’s present, is a battle with the music industry over ownership. It makes sense in the context of a career spent in . But it also raises bigger, more difficult questions about heritage, voice, creativity, and control, and Heap aims to fundamentally reshape music, and perhaps life, as we know it. Given her outpouring of persuasion and deep cultural influence, it’s hard to resist her. “I’m not a guru,” she jokes. “still!”

Source: www.theguardian.com

Hannah Fry discusses the science of laughter: Monkeys enjoy being tickled, mice giggle | Revealing the formula for life by Hannah Fry

The British sense of humor is cherished among Brits, but it’s natural to assume that many British jokes may be embarrassing to other cultures. There is an interesting point to consider here – humor is not universal. What one finds amusing is not inherent, but rather cultural.

Humor differs significantly from laughter, which is a common experience for all human beings, even the grumpiest ones. Laughter is much easier to comprehend and study scientifically.

For instance, TV producers have long understood that incorporating a pre-recorded “laugh track” can make people perceive something as funnier compared to when they don’t hear that laughter (I’m Looking at You, 90’s Sitcom). However, neuroscientist Robert Provine found that jokes are not even necessary. In a study conducted in 2013, Provine solely played the laugh track, which surprisingly was adequate to induce laughter in nearly all participants.

Provine’s groundbreaking research on laughter involved observing it in real-world settings rather than just in a lab. Observing people laughing in public, he empirically proved that individuals are significantly more likely to laugh in the presence of others than when alone, approximately 30 times more likely. Moreover, laughter is not necessarily a response to finding something funny but serves as a form of social communication, indicating a positive, nonthreatening interaction.

Laughter is not exclusive to humans; it is observed across the animal kingdom. For example, apes enjoy being tickled and vocalize their enjoyment while playing. Kea parrots are known for their playful behaviors and have distinct calls to amuse others. Additionally, mice produce ultrasonic giggles when playing. Rats tickled regularly by their owners exhibit immediate laughter upon the owner’s arrival, displaying excitement for playtime.

Powered by Galaxy AI to provide resourceful assistance
Thanks to the Chat Assist feature on the new Samsung Galaxy Z Flip6, Galaxy AI analyzes your chats and messages in real-time and displays contextual suggestions as you type to help craft the perfect reply. Therefore, choosing a casual tone is likely to include lighter and wittier touches.

However, humor poses a greater challenge in understanding. What makes certain things more amusing than others? And how do you define what is considered amusing, depending on individual perspectives?

One compelling explanation for humor is that it involves the buildup and release of tension. This concept can explain some well-known comedic moments, such as Del Boy falling on the bar, Basil Fawlty hitting a car with a tree branch, or Mark Simmons’ joke at the Edinburgh Fringe: “I planned to sail around the world in the smallest ship, but chickened out.” These instances are humorous, especially when viewed from a non-human perspective.

Generative AI, trained on vast internet data, is adept at replicating various humor styles, including generating jokes based on given parameters. When prompted with a framework like, “I thought I was going to sail around the world in the world’s smallest ship…”, an AI chatbot replied, “I felt like I was sinking.” Not a bad attempt, right?

However, creating the framework itself, i.e., original humor, involves distilling quirky and unconventional ideas that resonate with shared human experiences but lack any firsthand experience of the world beyond online sources. For now, these unique concepts offer intriguing ways to engage with audiences.

Source: www.theguardian.com

General practitioner discusses the concealed health dangers of wearing shapewear

Shapewear, also known as body shaping underwear, has gained immense popularity in recent years. In a society that values appearance and self-image, shapewear is seen as a quick and affordable solution to boost self-confidence by enhancing the fit and look of various outfits.


Functioning like a modern corset, shapewear targets areas like the waist, hips, thighs, and buttocks to compress and shape them, aiming to improve the fit of clothes and provide a sleeker silhouette, as suggested by marketing claims.

With advancements in fabric technology, modern shapewear is now more comfortable and breathable than ever before, appealing to a wide range of individuals seeking aesthetic and functional support for various occasions. It has become increasingly popular, especially with the rise of social media influencing body image awareness.

Unlike traditional shapewear made from rigid materials like steel and whalebone, modern shapewear uses breathable and stretchy fabrics such as spandex, nylon, and lycra. It is now popular among both men and women for its comfort and effectiveness.

Available in different styles and compression levels, shapewear caters to various needs. Certain types, such as waist cinchers and tummy control panties, target specific body parts to provide support and shape.

In addition to these, there are thigh shapers, torso-compressing camisoles, butt lifters with padding, and leg and arm shapers. Some companies even offer full bodysuits with built-in bras for total body shaping.

Sports compression clothing, while similar, focuses on enhancing athletic performance and muscle support rather than aesthetic enhancement. Designed with advanced breathable fabrics and graduated compression, sports compression wear is intended for physical activity and recovery periods.

Although shapewear appears to offer a convenient way to enhance confidence and fit, it does come with certain drawbacks to consider. Issues like digestive problems, circulatory and neurological issues, breathing problems, and skin irritation can arise from wearing shapewear, particularly if it is too tight.

When choosing shapewear, it’s important to select a comfortable fit that doesn’t restrict movement and to avoid wearing it for extended periods. Opting for breathable fabrics and hypoallergenic materials can help reduce the risk of skin irritation.

In conclusion, while shapewear can provide temporary aesthetic benefits, it’s essential to prioritize comfort and health when using it. Remember, true confidence comes from within, and it’s crucial to listen to your body’s needs.

read more:

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Signal’s Meredith Whitaker discusses how encryption poses a significant challenge to authority

Meredith Whittaker practices what she preaches: As president of the Signal Foundation, she’s a vocal advocate for privacy for all. But she doesn’t just spout empty words.

In 2018, she came to the public’s attention as one of the organizers of the Google walkouts, mobilizing 20,000 employees at the search giant in a dual protest against state-sponsored surveillance and sexual misconduct misconduct.

Whitaker remains passionate about privacy after five years in the public eye, including as a congressional testifier, a university professor, and an adviser to federal agencies.

For example, it’s not uncommon for business leaders to politely respond when asked about salary on the resumes accompanying these interviews. Flat-out refusal to answer questions about age or family is less common. “As a privacy advocate, Whitaker won’t answer personal questions that could lead to guessing passwords or bank authentication ‘secret answers,'” a staffer told me after the interview. “And she encourages others to do the same!”

When she left Google, Whitaker issued a memo to the company announcing her commitment to the ethical adoption of artificial intelligence and to organizing for a “responsible tech industry.” “It’s clear to me that Google is not the place for me to continue doing this work,” she said. That clarity and refusal to compromise sent a signal.

The Signal Foundation was founded in 2017 with $50 million in funding from WhatsApp co-founder Brian Acton, and its mission is to “protect freedom of expression and enable secure global communications through open source privacy technology.”

The company took over development of messaging app Signal in 2018, and Whitaker took on the newly created role of president in 2022. The timing was just right to start defending Signal, and encryption in general, against a wave of attacks from nation states and corporations around the world.

While laws such as the UK’s Online Safety Act (OSA) and the EU’s Child Sexual Abuse Regulation contain language that can be used to block or decrypt private communications, Meta’s proposal to introduce end-to-end encryption on Facebook and Instagram drew strong backlash from politicians such as Priti Patel, who, as UK Home Secretary, called the plans “devastating”.

Whitaker said these attacks are not new. Observer “Going back to 1976, [Whitfield] Diffie and [Martin] Hellman was about to publish a paper introducing public key cryptography, a technology that would allow encrypted communication over the Internet, and intelligence agencies were trying to stop him.

“Throughout the ’80s, the N.S.A. [US National Security Agency] So GCHQ lost its monopoly on encryption and by the ’90s it was all governed under military treaties. This was the ‘code wars’. You couldn’t mail code to someone in Europe, it was considered a munitions export.”

But the larger push towards commercializing the internet forced a degree of softening: “It allowed transactions to be encrypted, allowing big companies to choose exactly what to encrypt. At the same time, the Clinton administration endorsed surveillance advertising as a business model, creating incentives to collect data on customers in order to sell it to them.”

Surveillance, she says, has been a “disease” since the dawn of the internet, and encryption poses “a serious threat to the type of power that shapes itself through these information asymmetries.” In other words, she doesn’t see the fight ending anytime soon: “I don’t think these arguments are honest. There are deeper tensions here, because in the 20 years since this metastatic tech industry developed, we’ve seen every aspect of our lives subject to mass surveillance by a small number of companies that, in partnership with the US government and other ‘Five Eyes’ agencies, collect more surveillance data than any organization in the history of humanity has ever had.”

“So if we continue to defend these little pockets of privacy and don’t eventually expand them, and we have to fight back a little bit to get a little bit more space, I think we’re going to have a much darker future than if we defended our position and were able to expand the space for privacy and free communication.”

Criticisms of encrypted communications are as old as the technology itself: allowing everyone to talk without nation states being able to eavesdrop on the conversation is a godsend for criminals, terrorists, and pedophiles around the world.

But Whittaker argues that some of Signal’s strongest critics seem inconsistent about what they care about: “If they are really interested in helping children, why are Britain’s schools collapsing? Why have social services been funded with just 7% of the amount proposed to fully fund agencies on the front line of preventing abuse?”

Sometimes the criticism is unexpected. Signal was recently drawn into the US culture wars after a right-wing campaign to unseat National Public Radio’s new CEO, Katherine Maher, was expanded to include Signal, where Maher serves as a director, after failing. Elon Musk joined in, and the Signal app… He once promoted it In response to claims that the app was “potentially compromised,” the company noted that the app had “known vulnerabilities.”

Whitaker said the allegations are “a weapon in the propaganda war to spread disinformation. We are seeing similar disinformation related to the escalation of the conflict in Ukraine that appears to be designed to move people away from Signal. We believe these campaigns are designed to direct people to less secure alternatives that are more susceptible to hacking and interception.”

The same technology that has drawn criticism for the foundation is also popular among governments and militaries around the world who need to protect their communications from the prying eyes of nation-state hackers and others.

Whittaker sees this as a leveller: Signal is for everyone.

“Signal is either for everyone or it’s for no one. Every military in the world uses Signal, every politician I know uses Signal, every CEO I know uses Signal, because anybody who has to do really sensitive communication knows that storing it in plaintext in a Meta database or on a Google server is not a good practice.”

Whittaker’s vision is singular and not one to be distracted: Despite her interest in AI, she is cautious about combining it with Signal and has been critical of apps like Meta’s WhatsApp that have introduced AI-enabled features.

“I’m really proud that we don’t have an AI strategy. We have to look at ourselves and say, where is the data coming from to train our models, where is the input data coming from? How do we have an AI strategy when our focus is on protecting privacy, not surveilling people?”

Whatever the future holds in terms of technology and political attitudes towards privacy, Whittaker is adamant that the principle is an existential issue.

“We will do the right thing. We would rather go bankrupt to stay in business than undermine or backdoor the privacy guarantees that we promise people.”

resume

Year No Comment.
family No Comment.
education I studied Literature and Rhetoric at Berkeley, then joined Google in 2006 and learned the rest of my education there.
pay No Comment.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Top Podcasts of the Week: Jon Stewart Discusses Corruption, Trump, and More | Podcasts

This week’s picks

Where everyone knows your name
Ted Danson, Woody Harrelson (
sometimes)
Widely available, with weekly episodes

The two Cheers stars reunite and rekindle their friendship while chatting with their interviewees, and as you’d expect, there’s plenty of laughs. Starting with Will Arnett, the host is questioned about his comedic prowess just as much as his guests, including a great anecdote about Harrelson and Arnett playfully upsetting Bono at a celebrity dinner party. Alexi Duggins

Smokescreen: My Friend Who’s a Serial Killer
Widely available, with weekly episodes

Steve Fishman was an intern at a local Connecticut newspaper in the ’70s when he was hitchhiking with a man named Robert Carr III. While writing his story, he discovered that the man was the murderer of three people. Fishman uses confession tapes and interviews with detectives to recount what happened. Holly Richardson

New podcast “Animal” features stories of hamsters, puffins and more. Photo: Irina Vasilevskaya/Getty Images

animal
Widely available, all episodes available now

A warm and personal look at the beauty of the animal kingdom, the show is full of magic, from helping a baby puffin escape a cliff and back into the sea to the charming tale of a dog rescuing a lost hamster. Come see the adorable animals and hear their amazing stories. advertisement

Pink House
Widely available, with weekly episodes

Sam Smith’s new podcast is named after their childhood bedroom, the haven they retreated to after so many hard days. Now they’re sharing those feelings with celebrity guests. The first guest is Elliot Page, who gives a moving talk about coming out, the joy (and anger) of being trans, and not feeling shame. Hannah Verdier

Jon Stewart’s Weekly Show
Episodes released every Thursday for wide viewing

American satirist Jon Stewart is releasing a news-heavy podcast to coincide with the turmoil of the US election. The first episode is about corruption, which naturally brings up Donald Trump, and Stewart hosts thoughtful monologues with knowledgeable guests about the dysfunction of democracy, economic reform and challenging conventional wisdom. HV

There is a podcast

Coco Khan and Nish Kumar, hosts of the pod “Save the UK”. Photo: Lucy North/PA

this week, Hannah Verdier 5 best podcasts election From open-minded analysis of the US elections unfolding on both sides of the Atlantic to Nish Kumar and Koko Khan asking the all-important questions in the UK

Election dysfunction
Just in time for an election-packed year, Beth Rigby guides Conservative MP Ruth Davidson and Labour’s Jess Phillips (with special guests on the campaign trail). With their feet firmly in the thick of British politics, the trio can offer real insight into the US and UK election campaigns. With an informed, gossipy approach, they share perks like theories on why Rishi Sunak chose the 4th of July, how leaders are preparing for TV debates, and a chat with Angela Rayner.

Run Up
On all things related to the US election, host Astead W. Herndon takes a measured approach and covers a wide range of opinions in this New York Times show. Some of the opinions may surprise you. Is Donald Trump “over-prosecuted”? Yes, that’s the accusation that Conway made when Herndon asked Kellyanne Conway and Serinda Lake what women voters really want. What do the youngest voters think of the oldest president? Can celebrities help swing the election? And what’s next? If you want to catch up on all the dramatic developments in the election campaign in a 30-minute episode, this podcast is for you.

Oh God, what’s next?
Every Tuesday and Friday, the political podcast modestly promises to “make the unbearable bearable with the highest quality guests, analysis and bad jokes” (“Gloomy people on the dance floor,” “What’s the story? Conservatives in mourning,” and “Things are only getting wetter, anyone?). There will also be bonus episodes in which the team will respond quickly to the latest election campaign gaffes and surprises, starting with Rishi Sunak’s pesky national service scheme for lazy young people. Additional panel shows are scheduled during election week, ensuring lively debate.

Skip Newsletter Promotions

Pods will save the UK
Crooked Media’s Save America features four former Barack Obama aides offering insider insight, while Nish Kumar and Koko Khan (above) provide laughs in the UK version. If you’re into the left, the hosts are relentless, with Khan especially delivering some scathing criticism in his heavyweight interviews. Important questions are asked, like “Would you kiss a Conservative?” With the countdown to the election on, a thoughtful episode addresses the human side of policy, asking what trans and non-binary people need now.

Politics Weekly UK
Could Sunak lose his seat in the election? That’s just one of the questions posed by John Harris on The Guardian’s politics podcast as the election looms. Harris cleverly describes the election as “the political equivalent of a 12-hour wait at the emergency room” and asks why Sunak’s campaign is so chaotic and bleak. The conversation is candid and features quality guests from across the political spectrum, so the show doesn’t have to rely on comedy to make the election fun. Guests include reporters in the middle of the election, such as The Guardian’s Pippa Crerar and The Spectator’s Katie Bowles. The Guardian also has short election episodes every weekday on its Today in Focus feed.

Please try…

  • New series from former Invisibilia presenter Yowei Show ProxyIt’s about honest, human conversations with strangers.

  • Comedian Chloe Petts delves into the big history of small rooms in a Radio 4 series. Toilet Humor.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Interview with Jim Peebles: Renowned cosmologist discusses the search for deeper theories of the universe

Jim Peebles is widely known as the architect of modern cosmology and its nice-guy chief executive.give half a share of 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics, the committee said he “took up the universe” and helped create the framework known as the Standard Model of Cosmology, which is now considered “the basis of modern understanding of the history of the universe.” Others described him as an “extraordinary physicist” and “extraordinarily thoughtful, polite and kind.”

Now the Albert Einstein Professor Emeritus of Science at Princeton University, Peebles' career began there in the 1960s, focusing on Einstein's theory of general relativity, in which gravity occurs as a result of distortions of mass in spacetime. . He later characterized the cosmic microwave background (CMB), an “echo” of the Big Bang, a discovery that made cosmology an experimental science. He also showed that halos of dark matter around galaxies create a mass distribution consistent with astronomers' observations, and that the description of our universe requires reinstatement of Einstein's much-derided cosmological constant. I convinced the field that there was. Initially incorporated into the equations of general relativity as an unwieldy trick, it is now thought of as dark energy, the repulsive force driving the accelerating expansion of the universe.

Despite the success of the standard cosmological model, Peebles has always sought to undermine it. In recent years, he has focused his musings on observing astronomical anomalies – strange galaxies and other interesting phenomena – that may expose flaws in our thinking.

he says new scientist On his vision for cosmology and why it's important to deviate from the mainstream…

Source: www.newscientist.com

Getty Images CEO discusses potential withdrawal from UK’s creative sector or investing in AI with Sunak

Rishi Sunak needs to decide whether to support Britain’s creative industries or bet everything on the artificial intelligence boom, Getty Images’ chief executive has said.

Craig Peters, who has led Image Library since 2019, made the comments amid growing anger in the creative and media sectors over the material being collected as “training data” for AI companies. His company is suing a number of AI image generators for copyright infringement in the UK and US.

“If you look at the UK, probably about 10% of GDP is made up of creative industries like film, music and television. I think it’s dangerous to make that trade-off. It’s a bit of a complicated trade-off to bet on AI, which is less than a quarter of the country’s GDP, much less than the creative industries.”

In 2023, the government, in response to consultation from the Intellectual Property Office, set a goal to “overcome the barriers currently faced by AI companies and users” when using copyrighted material, and promised to “support access to copyrighted works.” input to the model.”

This was already a step back from previous proposals for broad copyright exceptions for text and data mining. In a response to a House of Commons committee on Thursday, Viscount Camrose, a hereditary peer and under-secretary of state for artificial intelligence and intellectual property, said: This will help secure the UK’s place as a world leader in AI, while supporting the UK’s thriving creative sector.”

The role of copyrighted material in AI training is under increasing pressure. In the US, the New York Times sued OpenAI and Microsoft, the creators of ChatGPT, for using news articles as part of training data for their AI system. OpenAI said in a court filing that it is impossible to build an AI system without using copyrighted material.

Peters disagrees. Getty Images collaborated with Nvidia to create its own image generation AI that is trained using only licensed images.

The tide is changing within the industry as well. A dataset of pirated e-books, called Books3, is hosted by an AI group whose copyright takedown policy at one point even includes a costumed person pretending to masturbate with an imaginary penis while singing. Similar to the lawsuit by Getty and the New York Times, a number of other legal actions are underway against AI companies over potential training data breaches.

Ultimately, whether courts or even governments decide how to regulate the use of copyrighted material to train AI systems may not be the final word on this issue. Peters is optimistic that this result is not a foregone conclusion.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Naomi Alderman discusses the writing process behind her latest novel, ‘The Future’, following the success of ‘The Power’

1958, New York City Parks Commissioner Robert Moses.

Getty Images

We always forget the truth about power. Every generation has learned that it is not the individual, not the office, but power that ultimately irreparably corrupts and distorts even the best characters with the best intentions. I need to be reminded of this again.

I thought about this a lot when writing the novel. future. I've always been interested in writing about power. Most of my books are about how power systems change us and how we change power systems. future It is by far the most powerful individuals on the planet today: those of us who operate, for the most part, without tax or government constraints, without term limits, and who are the “citizens” of their online spheres. We're talking about tech billionaires who operate without having to answer to anything. How did they get there? Why is it so difficult to live outside the infrastructure they have created? And how has it turned them into such centers of power?

There was one book that made a big difference in my way of thinking.

In 1974, Robert Caro published a unique and extraordinary book. power broker. This lifted the lid on Robert Moses, the great builder of New York City's infrastructure (roads, bridges, parks, tunnels, public buildings). Those who knew him personally knew him to be a tyrant and a bully. His plans had long since ceased to make sense except as a means to gain more power.

power broker The book is 1100 pages long, but it is so engaging and engaging that I wish it had a few hundred more pages. This work shows that Moses started out as an idealist. At the start of his career, this is a man who aspired to build diaper changing stations in New York parks, but was so changed by his powers that he ended up suppressing major infrastructure projects became. He cannot be in charge of them. At the back of my copy are questions most readers probably asked themselves as they read on. What did it take? ” Behind that lies another question. How can we detect this early and take immediate action?

Source: www.newscientist.com

The first gynecologist in space discusses the future of human reproduction

Humans in the future may choose to live extraterrestrial lives on the Moon, Mars, or even Venus. However, the question arises of how they will continue to reproduce and survive once they get there. What happens to their reproductive systems? Is it possible for babies to be born in space?

To find answers to these questions, we interviewed space gynecologist Dr. Varsha Jain. She has published a paper from the University of Edinburgh on women and reproductive health in space.

What Does It Mean to Be a Space Gynecologist?

A space gynecologist is someone who is interested in space medicine and is also a gynecologist. Dr. Varsha Jain, the first person to be awarded this title, began this work about 10 years ago. She focuses on women’s health related to the health of astronauts.

We’ve had some huge breakthroughs for women in space, and that history starts with some pretty amazing myths. Can you tell us a few things about them?

Dr. Jain discussed how early myths caused a delay between the first woman to fly in space (Valentina Tereshkova) and the first American woman to fly in space almost 20 years later (Sally Ride). There was concern over issues like “retrograde menstruation” and how many menstrual products astronauts would need.

Have Attitudes Towards Women in Space Changed?

Dr. Jain noted a significant improvement in attitudes and how NASA supports open access and evidence-based information about female astronauts’ health. They even support the idea of female astronauts freezing their eggs before going into space.

What Happens to Our Reproductive System in Space?

Dr. Jain explained that astronauts’ hormonal cycles do not seem to change in space. Menstruation still occurs, and women can ovulate, potentially leading to fertilization and pregnancy. Although these things may be possible, the focus is currently more on keeping astronauts healthy than finding out if babies can be born in space.

What Do We Know About the Risks to Women’s Bodies and Pregnancy in Space?

Dr. Jain pointed out that radiation in space poses a risk to a developing fetus and that the effects of space travel on the body, including weightlessness and changes in blood volume, could impact pregnancy. Many unknowns still exist around this topic.

Given That There Are Still Many Gaps in Our Knowledge, How Realistic Are Plans to Start an Extraterrestrial Human Colony?

Dr. Jain believes that, while there’s much to learn and research, human curiosity will likely lead to humans colonizing other planets and moons in the future. However, she stressed that extensive research is needed to ensure the safety of such endeavors.

What Impact Could Space Travel Have on What We Know and Don’t Know?

Dr. Jain described the potential for space travel to provide answers about reproductive health and fertility. She believes that space agencies may investigate these questions in the future, potentially leading to new discoveries.

Are Citizens, Scientists, and Nations Racing to Have a Baby in Space?

Although the concept of reproductive health in space may seem fascinating, Dr. Jain emphasized the need for more funding and research in this area. She believes that reproductive health is often underfunded on Earth and that more focus and funding are necessary to understand the effects of the space environment on the human body.

About our experts

Dr. Varsha Jain is a space gynecologist at the University of Edinburgh. Her research has been published in the journals npj Microgravity, International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Developmental Cells.

Read more:

Source: www.sciencefocus.com