How Embracing Sauna Culture Enhances Brain Health and Reduces Dementia Risk

Posted on January 26, 2026 by Igor Mitreski

Unlocking the Potential: Does Heat Therapy Enhance Brain Function?

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Sauna therapy for brain health benefits — Unlocking the Potential: Does Heat Therapy Enhance Brain Function?

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As an enthusiast of cold water swimming, I previously explored its brain benefits. However, the emerging evidence on heat therapy fascinated me—particularly regarding its neurological advantages. This prompted a deeper investigation into the subject.

During my last trip to Finland and Sweden, I immersed myself in their sauna culture, learning that ‘sauna’ is pronounced ‘sow-na’ (with ‘ow’ rhyming with ‘how’), contrasting my South East London pronunciation.

Finnish saunas, reaching temperatures of 70°C to 110°C (158°F to 230°F) with low humidity, are extensively studied. Regular sauna use correlates with numerous physical benefits, such as reduced risks of high blood pressure, muscle disorders, and respiratory diseases. Recent research also identifies significant cognitive benefits, including fewer headaches, improved mental health, better sleep quality, and a decreased risk of dementia.

A large-scale study involving nearly 14,000 participants aged 30 to 69 tracked sauna habits over 39 years. The findings revealed that those who frequented saunas nine to twelve times a month exhibited a 19 percent reduction in dementia risk compared to those who visited less than four times a month.

Moreover, sauna bathing appears linked to various cognitive enhancements. For instance, a small trial involving 37 adults with chronic headaches compared those receiving headache management advice to participants who regularly attended saunas. The sauna group reported significantly reduced headache intensity.

Regular sauna use is also associated with lower risks of psychosis and increased vitality and social functioning in elderly individuals, reinforcing its potential cognitive benefits.

However, it’s crucial to recognize that not all heat treatments yield the same results. Various forms of heat therapy exist, each offering distinct benefits. For example, a trial with 26 individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder showed that those receiving infrared heating sessions reported significant symptom reductions over six weeks compared to a sham treatment.

How Does Heat Therapy Benefit Brain Health?

Heat therapy’s efficacy appears closely linked to its anti-inflammatory effects. In a study following 2,269 middle-aged Finnish men, researchers found that individuals engaging in frequent sauna use exhibited reduced levels of inflammation, a factor significantly associated with depression and cognitive decline.

Another mechanism involves heat shock proteins, which are produced when body temperature rises during sauna use or exercise. These proteins help prevent misfolding of other proteins—a common feature in many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease.

Enhanced blood circulation also plays a role; heat exposure dilates blood vessels, thereby improving cardiovascular health. This indirect benefit to brain health can decrease risks associated with vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.

Additionally, saunas may elevate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, vital for neuron growth. In an experiment with 34 men, participants receiving 12 to 24 sessions of infrared therapy displayed significantly higher BDNF levels and improved mental well-being compared to those doing low-intensity workouts.

Can Saunas Enhance Cognitive Skills?

Beyond long-term neurological advantages, the immediate effects of sauna sessions are promising. A study involving 16 men revealed that brain activity post-sauna sessions resembled a relaxed state, indicating potential improvements in task efficiency. Researchers suggest that heat therapy may help extend mental work capacity over prolonged periods.

However, excessive heat exposure can lead to fatigue and reduced cognitive function. Studies indicate that high-temperature environments may impair memory consolidation, making saunas less suitable for study sessions.

If you’re exploring heat therapy, check guidelines from the British Sauna Association to ensure safety, including limiting duration and staying hydrated.

Do Hot Baths Offer Similar Benefits?

If you lack access to saunas, could hot baths serve as an alternative? While they may partially replicate sauna benefits, the evidence is still inconclusive. According to Ali Qadiri from West Virginia University, warm baths do elevate core body temperature and can improve mood and relaxation. Still, he cautions that robust data on saunas and dementia prevention far outweighs that for baths.

My local lake offers both cold water swimming and sauna experiences, prompting me to consider their combined effects. A Japanese study on the practice known as totonou, or alternating between hot saunas and cold baths, revealed enhancements in relaxation and reduced alertness after several rounds.

While more research is needed to determine if this combination is more effective than using heat or cold therapy alone, the overall evidence supports potential cognitive boosts from regular sauna visits, reinforcing my commitment to explore more heat and cold therapy options.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Study Reveals Daily Cheese Consumption May Lower Dementia Risk

Posted on December 18, 2025 by

A recent study has revealed that high-fat cheese and cream might play a role in preventing dementia.

This research, published in Neurology The Medical Journal of the American Academy of Neurology, indicates that individuals consuming two servings of high-fat cheese daily as part of a balanced diet had a lower likelihood of developing dementia.

“For decades, discussions surrounding high-fat versus low-fat diets have influenced health guidance, often branding cheese as an unhealthy option,” remarked Dr. Emily Sonnestedt, the study’s lead author and an associate professor at Lund University in Sweden.

“Our findings suggest that certain high-fat dairy products might actually diminish the risk of dementia, thereby challenging longstanding beliefs about fat and cognitive health.”

The study evaluated data from 27,670 older adults, monitoring their health over an approximate span of 25 years to identify who developed dementia.

Researchers also requested participants to track their dietary intake for a week and assess any changes in their eating habits over recent years.

Results showed that individuals consuming a nutritious diet with at least 50 g (1.8 oz) of high-fat cheese per day had a 13 percent reduced risk of dementia compared to those who ingested less than 15 g (0.5 oz).

Focusing on vascular dementia, a condition characterized by insufficient blood flow to the brain, cheese consumers experienced a 29% lower risk.

Additionally, participants consuming 20 grams (0.7 ounces) of heavy cream—such as whipped cream, clotted cream, or double cream—had a 16 percent decreased risk of dementia.

Conversely, no similar association was found with low-fat cheese, cream, or other dairy products.

“These findings imply that not all dairy items equate when it comes to cognitive health,” stated Sonestedt.

Items like buttermilk, yogurt, and kefir show no impact on dementia risk – Credit: Getty

An essential factor in this study is its execution in Sweden, where cheese is frequently consumed uncooked.

When cheese is melted, its composition transforms and the fat separates, potentially influencing how our bodies absorb it.

The researchers advocate for similar studies in other nations since outcomes might differ in places like the United States, where cheese is often heated prior to consumption.

“Additional research is essential to verify our findings and explore whether specific high-fat dairy products truly offer some level of protection for brain health.”

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

A Dementia Vaccine May Be Possible, and Some Individuals Might Have Already Received It Unwittingly

Posted on December 3, 2025 by

A recent investigation by Stanford University in the US suggests that the shingles vaccine may decrease the risk of dementia by 20 percent or slow its progression after diagnosis.

If these results are validated in future research, there is already a vaccine available that could help in preventing and managing dementia, affecting an estimated 57 million individuals globally.

In a study published in Nature, scientists reviewed the health data of over 280,000 adults aged 71 to 88 in Wales to assess the shingles vaccination program initiated in 2013.

The research revealed that older adults (ages 79 to 80) who had received the shingles vaccine were 20 percent less likely to develop dementia by 2020 when compared to those who were ineligible for the vaccine.

The senior author, Dr. Pascal Gerdsetzer, an assistant professor of medicine at Stanford University, described the findings as “really surprising,” adding that there was a significant protective signal evident from the data.

Furthermore, a recent follow-up study published in Cell indicated that the shingles vaccine seemed to offer protection even to individuals diagnosed with dementia as early as 2013.

Among the 7,049 Welsh adults with dementia who participated in the research, nearly half succumbed within the subsequent nine years. In contrast, only 30% of those vaccinated against shingles passed away.

“What’s particularly intriguing is that this suggests the shingles vaccine not only prevents or delays dementia but also holds therapeutic promise for those already diagnosed,” Gerdsetzer noted.

Illustration of the varicella-zoster virus that causes chickenpox and shingles – Credit: Getty Images

Previous research had indicated a potential connection between the shingles vaccine and dementia prevention, but these findings were often confounded by the fact that vaccinated individuals typically lead healthier lifestyles (implying that the dementia protection might originate from other factors).

However, in this particular study, bias was minimized as the vaccination program specifically targeted individuals who were 79 years old on September 1, 2013.

“We know that if you take 1,000 random individuals born within a week of each other and compare them to 1,000 individuals born a week later, on average, there should be no differences,” Gertsetzer explained. “Aside from the slight age variation, they are essentially alike.”

Essentially, the researchers could directly analyze two groups born just a week apart and with an identical mix of health-conscious individuals. The primary difference was their eligibility for the vaccine, streamlining the assessment of the vaccine’s efficacy against dementia.

Shingles is an infection caused by the Varicella zoster virus—the same agent responsible for chickenpox. Symptoms can include a painful rash, a burning or prickling sensation, headaches, fever, and fatigue.

While the virus impacts the nervous system, scientists are still unclear about the exact mechanisms through which the shingles vaccine protects the brain from cognitive decline.

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Doctors Explore Estrogen Therapy as a Preventive Measure for Women’s Dementia

Posted on November 27, 2025 by

For many years, healthcare professionals have been intrigued by the fact that women are diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease at nearly double the rate of men.

According to estimates, approximately seven million individuals in the U.S. suffer from Alzheimer’s disease, and this number is projected to rise to nearly 13 million by 2050. Notably, around two-thirds of these cases involve women.

Emerging research indicates that estrogen, the principal female hormone, may have a significant role, particularly during the transition from perimenopause to menopause when natural hormonal levels begin to decline.

Estrogen serves various functions in the body, including enhancing cardiovascular health and sustaining bone density. Moreover, it is crucial for brain health, exhibiting neuroprotective qualities that shield brain cells from inflammation, stress, and various forms of cellular damage.

Researchers focusing on Alzheimer’s disease are turning their attention to early perimenopause, which typically occurs in a woman’s early to mid-40s, as a key period for hormone replacement therapy aimed at sustaining estrogen levels and potentially preventing dementia in certain women decades later.

“This interest stems from many years of preclinical research, animal studies, and fundamental science showing that menopause represents a critical juncture in Alzheimer’s disease,” remarked Lisa Mosconi, head of the Alzheimer’s Disease Prevention Program at Weill Cornell Medicine.

Mosconi leads a new $50 million global initiative named CARE, aimed at minimizing women’s Alzheimer’s disease risk through endocrinology research. This venture will examine biomarkers in around 100 million women, promising to be the most extensive analysis of why women face a heightened risk of Alzheimer’s disease.

The relationship between estrogen and dementia has recently attracted renewed interest following the Food and Drug Administration’s decision to lift a long-standing black box warning on hormone replacement therapy, potentially encouraging more prescriptions for women in their 40s and 50s.

Healthcare providers believe that relaxing these regulations could help destigmatize hormone therapy. The FDA’s action may also facilitate further research into whether hormone replacement therapy offers additional advantages, such as dementia prevention.

Reduction of Reproductive Hormones

Menopause is defined by a gradual decline in the production of estrogen and progesterone by the ovaries, which are essential for regulating the menstrual cycle. These sex hormones are present in women and, to a lesser extent, in men, and they play vital roles in sexual and reproductive development.

Most women experience menopause between the ages of 45 and 55, according to Dr. Monica Christmas, a gynecologist and director of the Menopause Program at the University of Chicago Medicine. The transition may commence years earlier, during perimenopause, which usually starts in a woman’s mid-40s, often accompanied by symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and sleep disruptions.

It is believed that menopausal symptoms arise from the reduced levels of estrogen and progesterone. For instance, when estrogen levels drop, the thermostat in the body, governed by the hypothalamus, fails to work correctly. The brain senses an increase in body temperature and signals sweating to cool down, leading to hot flash experiences. Hormone therapy can restore these levels, helping to regulate body temperature.

What Role Does Estrogen Play?

Rachel Buckley, an associate professor of neurology at Massachusetts General Hospital, whose research investigates gender disparities in Alzheimer’s disease, notes that receptors for this sex hormone are distributed throughout the brain.

“Estrogen is an extremely potent hormone,” she said. “It resides in a region called the hippocampus,” which is closely linked to memory and learning.

Estrogen also facilitates healthy blood flow in the brain, allowing for more efficient energy utilization, she mentioned. However, during menopause, estrogen levels begin to decrease, potentially rendering the brain more vulnerable to damage.

“When the brain loses the protective benefits of estrogen and other sex hormones, this marks a critical phase where Alzheimer’s disease can begin to accumulate in the brain,” Mosconi explains.

Can Hormone Replacement Therapy Combat Dementia?

Hormone replacement therapy is available in numerous formats, including patches, creams, and tablets, which may contain estrogen, progesterone, or both. If estrogen aids in safeguarding the brain, it stands to reason that adjusting estrogen levels through hormone therapy could offer some advantages.

Nevertheless, experts indicate that the reality is more complex, as the evidence surrounding hormone replacement therapy remains varied and ongoing.

Dr. Kellyanne Niotis, a preventive neurologist in Florida and a faculty member at Weill Cornell Medical College, noted that research suggests the perimenopausal transition is a crucial window for treatments that may help some patients prevent dementia.

“The central idea is that during the perimenopause phase, hormones fluctuate significantly, leading to rapid drops in [estrogen] which can be detrimental to brain health,” Niotis stated.

“The goal is to maintain consistent hormone levels to ease those fluctuations.”

A comprehensive analysis led by Mosconi and her team is set to be published in Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience in 2023, indicating there might be an optimal moment to commence HRT for women facing cognitive decline.

Her research evaluated over 50 studies and found that individuals undergoing estrogen therapy in midlife, within ten years following their last menstrual period, experienced a notably reduced risk of dementia.

Conversely, initiating combination hormone therapy after age 65 correlated with an increased risk of dementia.

Another large-scale review of 50 studies presented recently at the American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting revealed that women who began HRT within five years of menopause had up to a 32% lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease compared to those receiving a placebo or no treatment. This study has yet to undergo peer review or publication in a scientific journal.

This investigation, conducted by researchers in India, also indicated that women who delayed treatment until 65 or older exhibited a 38% increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease.

However, much of the existing research is observational and does not establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship, according to Christmas. More in-depth studies, including large clinical trials, are necessary, she emphasized.

It should also be noted that prescribed hormone therapy may not function identically to the naturally produced estrogen, necessitating further investigation, she added.

Why Timing of Hormone Therapy Matters

The notion that there is a critical period for initiating hormone replacement therapy is possibly linked to estrogen receptors in the brain, according to Mosconi. Her research indicates that during the transition to menopause, the density of estrogen receptors on brain cells gradually increases, a finding supported by her studies.

This increase occurs as the brain attempts to compensate for declining estrogen levels by boosting available receptors to utilize any remaining estrogen effectively, she explained.

However, there comes a point when estrogen levels fall permanently, leading the brain to stop trying and the estrogen receptors disappear, she added.

“Once the estrogen receptors are absent, administering estrogen becomes futile as there would be nothing to bind to; that’s when the window closes,” stated Mosconi.

Numerous questions remain unanswered, such as how long women should stay on hormone replacement therapy and whether estrogen provides more protection for those with a genetic susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease. It remains unclear how the brain responds to natural estrogen versus that received through hormone replacement therapy.

Conversely, men possess biologically different brains with significantly fewer estrogen receptors, which diminishes their need for the hormone, according to Buckley.

It is also uncertain whether testosterone replacement therapy in men might have benefits in Alzheimer’s disease prevention, as Dr. Niotis pointed out. While some research suggests a correlation between low testosterone in men and dementia, further studies are necessary before definitive assertions can be made.

Experts caution that it’s premature to advocate for hormone replacement therapy as a preventive measure for Alzheimer’s disease.

“We currently do not utilize hormone therapy for Alzheimer’s disease prevention,” remarked Mosconi. “Current clinical guidelines do not endorse hormone therapy solely for this purpose.”

Instead, HRT should be primarily prescribed to alleviate moderate to severe menopausal symptoms that impact quality of life, such as hot flashes, night sweats, sleep disturbances, and mood changes.

According to Niotis, individuals with good sleep quality tend to feel better and think more clearly, suggesting that alleviating these symptoms could enhance cognitive function.

Nonetheless, she remains hopeful that future research will yield more conclusive insights.

“The aspiration is that with the removal of the black box warning, more women will opt for treatment without reservations, and physicians will feel more confident prescribing it,” Niotis expressed.

Source: www.nbcnews.com

Your Spatial Awareness May Indicate Your Dementia Risk

Posted on September 6, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Misplacing your bearings in an unfamiliar setting may involve more than simply forgetting your location. A new study suggests that minor navigational challenges could serve as early indicators of Alzheimer’s disease, even before conventional memory assessments reveal any declines.

Researchers conducted tests involving approximately 100 older adults in a virtual reality experiment aimed at evaluating the brain’s innate sense of orientation.

The results indicate that individuals experiencing subjective cognitive decline (SCD)—a state where they sense their memory is deteriorating despite normal clinical evaluations—showed less directional awareness compared to their cognitively healthy counterparts.

“Individuals with SCD are recognized to be at a greater risk of progressing to dementia, which can ultimately develop into Alzheimer’s,” stated Professor Thomas Wolbers, one of the study’s authors.

During the experiment, participants aged between 55 and 89 donned VR headsets and traversed a barren digital landscape.

Their task was to follow floating balls along meandering paths and indicate their starting point. They then had to turn back to face the direction they were in at the beginning of the first pass.

While all participants performed within normal limits on traditional memory and cognitive tests, those with SCD consistently made significant errors in navigation tasks.

Participants followed a virtual reality ball to test their sense of orientation – Credit: Getty

“These navigational difficulties were not attributed to movement dynamics, such as an increased awareness of the ground while walking,” explained Dr. Vladislava Segen, the study’s lead author. “The misdirected orientation stemmed from cognitive factors, not movement-related issues.”

According to the researchers, the SCD group’s subpar performance might have been linked to “memory leaks,” as participants faced challenges in tracking past locations necessary for real-time navigation updates.

The team posits that this could be attributed to dysfunction in grid cells—specialized neurons responsible for constructing an individual’s mental coordinate system.

The researchers hope that this style of spatial testing may eventually enhance existing diagnostic tools for Alzheimer’s disease.

“In the long run, we foresee the potential for this method to be incorporated into clinical practices, particularly for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s,” Wolbers noted. “However, further testing and simplification of this technique are necessary first.”

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Cats Can Experience Dementia: A Potential Key to New Treatments for Humans

Posted on August 23, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Cats that exhibit dementia-like symptoms in their senior years undergo changes analogous to those seen in humans with Alzheimer’s disease, as highlighted in a study I found. This finding may open pathways for new research and help in discovering treatments for these challenging and notorious diseases.

“Our advancements in treating Alzheimer’s disease have been relatively limited compared to other illnesses,” stated Dr. Robert McGeechan, the study’s lead author, in an interview with BBC Science Focus.

“Cats are experiencing similar neurological changes, making them potentially more relevant models for understanding the disease. By investigating Alzheimer’s in cats, we can develop treatments that might be more effective for humans.”

Alzheimer’s disease is the most prevalent form of dementia, encompassing a range of neurodegenerative conditions that impair memory, problem-solving, language, and behavior. Approximately one in nine individuals over 65 are affected by Alzheimer’s, and with an aging global population, over 150 million people could be diagnosed by 2050.

Yet, despite decades of investigation and billions spent, only a handful of effective treatments exist today.

How Cats Develop Dementia

The understanding that cats can show dementia-like symptoms with age is not new. According to some research, nearly one-third of cats aged 11 to 14 exhibit at least one sign of cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS), the veterinary term for dementia in felines. For cats older than 15, this figure increases to over half.

CD symptoms in cats, which resemble those in humans with Alzheimer’s, include changes in sleep patterns and disorientation. Many cats also become more vocal and often seek additional comfort and attention from their owners.

It is also known that, similar to humans, older cats typically develop an accumulation of amyloid beta plaques in their brains, which are suspected to play a role in the onset of Alzheimer’s.

“As we age, humans develop these protein plaques in our brains. However, not everyone with these plaques develops Alzheimer’s, and the reasons for this remain unclear,” McGeechan explained.

“We were similarly situated with cats, knowing they could develop dementia and that some produce these proteins as they grow older, but we lacked clarity on whether this was solely age-related or if it contributed to dementia.”

To delve deeper, McGeechan’s team examined the brains of 25 cats of varying ages post-mortem, including those with CDS symptoms.

They discovered that amyloid beta plaques were not just passively situated in the brain but were also linked to detrimental changes. Notably, they observed increased inflammation and signs of glial cells, the immune cells of the brain, “enveloping” the synapses surrounding these protein plaques.

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Synapses are tiny junctions enabling brain cells to communicate, and their progressive loss is believed to underlie many memory and behavioral symptoms associated with dementia.

The findings imply that a similar toxic chain reaction may also occur in feline brains. As amyloid beta accumulates, it activates glial cells, leading to the degradation of healthy synapses. While this broader pattern was evident, the finer details proved to be more intricate.

Upon comparing the brains across different age groups, subtle differences emerged. Cats with dementia appeared significantly different from younger cats, exhibiting greater amyloid plaque accumulation, inflammation, and synaptic loss. However, they did not starkly differ from older, yet otherwise healthy cats.

This observation indicates that researchers might struggle to draw a clear line between aging and dementia.

Yet, the team noted an important distinction concerning the relationship between amyloid plaques and synaptic damage. In older, healthy cats, increased amyloid did not equate to more harm. However, in cats with dementia, higher plaque levels correlated with increased inflammation and greater brain cell loss.

McGeechan posits that this mirrors human scenarios. Numerous older adults accumulate amyloid plaques in their brains without developing Alzheimer’s, while others experience significant cognitive decline.

“Amyloid may have a more toxic impact on cats experiencing CDS,” he noted. “This correlation suggests amyloid plays a role in inflammation and synaptic loss in the dementia group, unlike in the aging group.”

Thus, while amyloid accumulation may contribute to feline dementia, it likely does not tell the full story. Much like Alzheimer’s in humans, a complex interplay of various factors may also be at play.

MRI image of a cat’s brain exhibiting signs of cognitive dysfunction. The lighter areas on the edges illustrate regions of tissue loss.

The Significance of Cats in Research

Alzheimer’s disease research has historically depended on rodents, where diseases are artificially induced by genetic manipulation.

While these models aid in exploring molecular mechanisms, they often fall short of encapsulating the intricacies of naturally occurring diseases that unfold over time. Consequently, numerous promising drugs that succeed in mice fail when tested on humans.

In contrast, cats naturally develop dementia as they age, mirroring the human experience. They also share the same living environments and risk factors, including diet and air quality.

This similarity renders them a more realistic model for understanding disease biology and identifying environmental triggers that might push certain individuals towards dementia.

“Cats could serve as a bridge in our pursuit of effective treatments,” McGeechan expressed.

Future Directions

At this point, the findings raise just as many inquiries as they resolve. Given that the study involved only 25 cats, a larger sample size may be necessary to clarify the precise mechanisms underlying the observed clinical outcomes, according to McGeechan.

Another area of focus is tau. Besides amyloid beta, tau is another key protein associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Unlike amyloid plaques, tau forms tangles within brain cells. Many researchers believe tau drives the most severe stages of the disease in humans, but this investigation did not address tau in cats.

Dogs may also present a valuable avenue for exploration. Like cats, they can age into a dementia-like syndrome, displaying symptoms recognizable to many owners, such as sleep disturbances, anxiety, and forgetfulness. Comparing the brains of dogs and cats might reveal shared biological processes across species.

Ultimately, this body of research holds promise not just for human health.

“Dementia in cats is a distressing condition for both the animals and their owners,” remarked Professor Danièlle Gunn-Moore, a co-author of the study and a chair in feline medicine at the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Medicine.

“Conducting such research aims to enhance our understanding of how best to treat these conditions. This work benefits not just cats and their owners but also individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and their loved ones. Dementia in cats serves as an ideal natural model to study Alzheimer’s disease.”

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About Our Experts

Robert McGeechan is a resident in Veterinary Neurology and Neurosurgery and serves as an ECAT Veterinary Clinical Lecturer at the University of Edinburgh, UK. His research has been published in European Journal of Neuroscience, Scientific Reports, and Nature Neuroscience.

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Researchers Explore the Potential of Ambroxol in Slowing Parkinson’s-Related Dementia

Posted on July 1, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Ambroxol, a cough medication, is authorized in Europe for treating respiratory issues and boasts a long history of safety, including its use in high doses and during pregnancy, but it has not been approved in the US or Canada.

Ball and stick model of ambroxol molecules. Image credit: Marina Vladivostok/Chemspider.

Dementia in individuals with Parkinson’s disease can lead to memory loss, confusion, hallucinations, and mood changes.

About half of those diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease will develop dementia within a decade, significantly affecting patients, families, and healthcare systems.

“Our objective was to alter the trajectory of Parkinson’s dementia,” stated Dr. Steven Pasternack, a cognitive neurologist at the Parkwood Institute, St. Joseph’s Healthcare London, and the Robert Institute.

“This preliminary trial offers hope and establishes a robust basis for further research.”

The 12-month clinical trial involved 55 participants suffering from dementia related to Parkinson’s disease.

One group received daily ambroxol, while the other was administered a placebo.

They assessed memory, psychiatric symptoms, and GFAP, markers linked to brain damage in the blood.

The research team noted that ambroxol is safe, well-tolerated, and effectively penetrated the brain.

The placebo group exhibited worsening psychiatric symptoms, while those taking ambroxol remained stable.

Participants with GBA1 genetic mutations showed enhanced cognitive performance with ambroxol treatment.

GFAP levels rose in the placebo group but stayed stable in those using ambroxol, indicating potential brain protection.

“Existing treatments for Parkinson’s disease and dementia focus on symptoms without addressing the root cause,” Dr. Pasternack explained.

“These findings imply that brain function at genetic risk may be preserved, marking a promising new treatment avenue that is currently limited.”

Ambroxol aids an essential enzyme known as Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) linked to the GBA1 gene.

In patients with Parkinson’s disease, GCase levels are frequently reduced. If this enzyme malfunctions, waste builds up in brain cells, resulting in damage.

“This research is crucial as dementia in Parkinson’s disease significantly impacts patients and their families,” remarked Dr. Pasternack.

“If a medication like ambroxol proves beneficial, it can offer true hope and enhance quality of life.”

The results will be published in the journal Jama Neurology.

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Carolina La Silveilla et al. Ambroxol as a treatment for Parkinson’s disease dementia: a randomized clinical trial. Jama Neurology Published online on June 30th, 2025. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2025.1687

Source: www.sci.news

How Your Social Life May Influence Your Risk of Dementia

Posted on June 21, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Groundbreaking research indicates that middle-aged individuals in the initial stages of Alzheimer’s disease may become more sociable.

Utilizing data from nearly half a million Britons over 40, the study revealed that those at a high genetic risk for Alzheimer’s are more likely to enjoy positive social lives, have happy family relationships, and experience less isolation.

“This finding was remarkable for us,” stated Dr. Scott Zimmerman, a senior researcher at Boston University. BBC Science Focus.

“We anticipated finding evidence of withdrawal from social networks, possibly due to changes in social activities and mood regulation. Instead, we encountered the opposite.”

Research published in American Journal of Epidemiology, concluded that individuals showing early signs of Alzheimer’s may engage more with family and friends, noting subtle changes in cognitive functions, and may receive additional support through daily interactions.

Dementia has often been linked to feelings of social isolation and loneliness. However, it remains unclear whether such loneliness is a risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s or if social withdrawal stems from the disease itself.

These findings imply that adults genetically predisposed to Alzheimer’s are unlikely to withdraw socially years prior to a formal diagnosis when significant symptoms emerge.

“Their social life may expand,” explained co-author Dr. Ashwin Kotwal, an associate professor of medicine at UCSF. He noted that this study does not contradict previous research on Alzheimer’s and social withdrawal but rather enhances the understanding of the relationship.

“This study suggests that the connection between social isolation and dementia risk, supported by other research, is not simply a result of early symptoms leading to withdrawal,” said co-researcher Dr. Louisia Chen, a postdoctoral researcher at Boston University. BBC Science Focus.

“This underscores the importance of maintaining social connections for better brain health.”

Adults in their 40s, 50s, and 60s with a genetic predisposition to dementia showed a greater tendency to thrive socially – Credit: Skynesher via Getty

In addition to genetic predispositions, various lifestyle factors can influence the development of dementia, including exercise habits, smoking, blood pressure, glucose levels, sleep patterns, mental health, and medication use.

These modifiable factors may explain around 30% of Alzheimer’s cases, with loneliness potentially being one of them.

“In an era marked by decreasing social engagement, we hope families, communities, and policymakers will explore ways to foster healthy social interactions throughout people’s lives,” remarked Dr. Jacqueline Torres, an associate professor of epidemiology and biostatistics. BBC Science Focus.

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About our experts

Dr. Scott Campbell Zimmerman is a senior researcher in epidemiology at Boston University’s Faculty of Public Health.

Dr. Ashwin Kotwal is an assistant professor of medicine in the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine’s Department of Geriatric Medicine. He co-leads UCSF’s social connection and aging lab, focusing on the health impacts of loneliness and social isolation among older populations.

Dr. Louisia Chen is a postdoctoral researcher in epidemiology at Boston University’s Faculty of Public Health. Her work focuses on how social determinants over the life course contribute to the risks and disparities related to dementia.

Dr. Jacqueline Torres is a social epidemiologist at the UCSF School of Medicine and an associate professor of epidemiology and biostatistics. Her current research examines how policies, families, and communities influence population health, particularly during middle and late stages of life.

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

17 Simple Strategies to Reduce the Risk of Stroke, Dementia, and Depression Simultaneously

Posted on May 23, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Stroke, dementia, and subsequent depression. These are significant issues that become more prevalent as we age—often overlooked, yet surprisingly frequent in our older population.

Moreover, the abundance of information available today makes it challenging to determine effective preventative measures. Are these conditions purely genetic? Do they stem from our environment? Or can we actually enact changes that make a difference?

Recent research published in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry offers encouraging insights and a clear starting point.

Led by Dr. Sanjurasin from the Brain Care Lab at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, the study systematically reviewed data on modifiable lifestyle factors linked to the three critical brain conditions.

The team discovered 17 interconnected risk factors associated with stroke, dementia, and subsequent depression—all of which are within an individual’s capacity to change.

“These are actionable steps that everyone can incorporate into their lives,” Shin explained in an interview with BBC Science Focus. “For example, dietary choices, physical activity, or adhering to blood pressure medications prescribed by a doctor—all factors influenced by socioeconomic conditions that may not be easily altered.”

Instead, the emphasis is placed on daily habits that can be reshaped, such as diet, sleep, exercise, social connections, and mental engagement.

17 Modifiable Risk Factors for Brain Health

This study outlines 17 overlapping factors impacting the risks of stroke, dementia, and consequent depression, which encompass both protective and risk-enhancing behaviors. They can be categorized based on quality and context, such as dietary choices and social engagement.

Here’s the complete list:

Protective Factors:

Low or very low alcohol consumption
Regular engagement in cognitive activities like reading, puzzles, and acquiring new skills
A nutrient-rich diet comprising vegetables, fruits, dairy, fish, and nuts
Moderate to high levels of physical activity
A strong sense of community
Extensive social networks or substantial social involvement

Risk-Increasing Factors:

Hypertension
Elevated Body Mass Index (BMI)
Hyperglycemia
High cholesterol levels
Hearing impairment
Kidney disease or renal dysfunction
Chronic pain affecting daily activities
Symptoms of depression
Diet high in lean meats, sugary beverages, sweets, and sodium
Sleep disorders or prolonged sleeping periods
History of smoking
Feelings of loneliness or social isolation
Chronic stress or stressful life events

Each factor was associated with at least one of the three conditions explored in the study, and often with two or three. While certain factors, like kidney dysfunction and hearing loss, may not intuitively seem linked to brain health, their impacts can be significant.

Noteworthy Findings

To pinpoint the most influential risk factors, Singh’s team reviewed 182 meta-analyses from the last two decades and selected the 59 most reliable. They calculated the impact of each factor using disability-adjusted life years (DALYS), which measures the burden of conditions, and assigned normalized scores.

One risk factor rose to prominence: hypertension.

“People often associate blood pressure with heart health,” Singh noted. “However, our review highlights it as the most critical factor for brain health. It’s essential to monitor your blood pressure and understand your numbers. If elevated, consult your doctor and adhere to prescribed treatment.”

Hypertension is known to harm small blood vessels in the brain and contribute to the development of all three conditions. However, it’s not the sole important factor.

The study also underscores that kidney dysfunction, hyperglycemia, depressive symptoms, poor sleep, obesity, smoking, and chronic stress negatively affect brain health. These risk factors tend to compound one another.

Blood pressure is the most significant modifiable risk factor for stroke, dementia, and subsequent depression. – Getty

Healthy Choice Menu

The encouraging news is that these factors are interconnected. Addressing one area can often lead to improvements in others.

However, this doesn’t mean that an all-at-once overhaul is necessary. Singh cautions against attempting to tackle everything simultaneously. “Our aim is to suggest gradual changes; bombarding someone with all 17 factors can be overwhelming. We encourage individuals to select what resonates with them and work on that—other improvements will often follow.”

Indeed, motivation presents a significant challenge. “Behavioral science indicates that maintaining lasting changes is difficult.” Other obstacles, like time constraints and financial means, can also impede habit formation.

A potent strategy is to involve others. Whether walking with friends, cooking healthy meals with a partner, enrolling in classes, or engaging in activities that blend lifestyle changes with social connections, you’re more likely to stay committed.

“We strongly advocate for collaborative exercise,” Singh emphasizes.

Read more:

When to Start

Some risk factors are more critical at specific life stages. For instance, hypertension during middle age seems particularly detrimental to long-term brain health. Nonetheless, it’s never too late to make changes.

And what if you’re starting later in life? Don’t wait.

“You’re never ‘too old.’ Addressing modifiable risk factors is beneficial at any age. Whether you’re 20 or 80, everyone can take steps, however small, to better brain health.”

Notes on Limitations

This study presents a robust framework for prevention, but it does not demonstrate causality. It relies on observational studies, which can indicate associations but do not establish direct cause-effect relationships.

As Dr. Anya Topiwara, a consultant psychiatrist at Oxford University who did not participate in the study, remarked in an email to BBC Science Focus: “It’s important to recognize that this paper examines associations rather than experimental findings. Hence, due to various biases, one cannot directly infer causation between risk factors and disease.”

For example, while alcohol consumption may appear protective in moderate quantities, it can mislead. “Individuals with higher socioeconomic status or education levels tend to drink moderately. These individuals are typically healthier and less likely to face dementia diagnosis and perform better on memory assessments.”

In essence, some correlations may stem from other underlying variables, like education, income, and healthcare access.

A Message of Hope

Despite the limitations, the overall outlook is optimistic. Singh emphasizes that the findings aim to empower rather than overwhelm. “This is a hopeful paper. There are numerous controllable factors that can lower your illness risk.”

“Based on estimates, up to 45% of all dementia cases could potentially be prevented by managing modifiable risk factors, alongside 80% of strokes and 35% of later-life depression. There’s a lot you can do to maintain a healthy and happy brain.”

So whether it’s taking a walk, learning something new, monitoring your blood pressure, or cooking a meal with a friend, the core message is simple: start where you can. Your efforts may yield more benefits than you realize.

About Our Experts

Sanjurashin is a physician scientist and Oxford-trained epidemiologist, whose expertise merges clinical medicine, epidemiology, behavioral science, and global health innovation. She became a professor at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School by the age of 28. Singh founded Singh Lab within Brain Care Labs, where she and her team are innovating scalable, evidence-based interventions aimed at preventing stroke, dementia, and subsequent depression.

Anyatopiwarra earned her medical qualification at Oxford University and subsequently specialized in elderly psychiatry. In 2017, she completed her DPhil in Psychiatry centered on an MRC-funded study, “Predicting MRI abnormalities using longitudinal data from the Whitehall II study.” In 2019, Topiwala received the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Career Development Fellowship to investigate how physical mechanisms related to alcohol consumption impact brain health.

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Dementia Cases Surge More Rapidly in China Compared to Global Trends

Posted on May 7, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Why are dementia cases sharply rising in China?

Hanohishikilf/Aramie

A new scientist. Science News and Long read from expert journalists, covering developments in science, technology, health, and the environment. — Why are dementia cases sharply rising in China?

Hanohishikilf/Aramie

The incidence of dementia is escalating in China at an unprecedented rate, with numbers exceeding four times the historical figures observed over past decades.

Daoying Geng from The University of Hudun conducted an analysis of dementia statistics across 204 countries and regions between 1990 and 2021. The focus was on dementia cases in individuals over 40, particularly other forms like Alzheimer’s and cerebrovascular dementia.

During this timeframe, researchers discovered that global dementia cases surged from nearly 22 million in 1990 to approximately 57 million by 2021. The situation was particularly alarming in China, which saw its case count increase over fourfold to reach about 4 million.

In-depth analysis indicates that population growth plays a pivotal role. China experienced a baby boom in the 1950s, which means those individuals are now in their 70s, the age group presenting the highest risk for dementia. Xi Chen from Yale University, who did not participate in the study, noted the uniqueness of China’s baby boom generation compared to other countries’ cohorts.

The research team identified three additional significant contributors to the escalating dementia rates in China. First, smoking predominantly impacts men, with only 2% of Chinese women being smokers about half of the male population smokes. This contrasts sharply with countries like the US and UK, where smoking rates are on a downward trend, according to Chen.

A Western trend mirrored in China involves rising rates of diabetes and obesity, particularly over recent decades, both recognized risk factors for dementia. This shift may be attributed to the adoption of a Western-style diet, which is generally higher in fat and calories, Chen explains. He posits that as younger generations in China smoke less, dementia rates may eventually mirror those of the US or UK, albeit the present conditions continue to exert a substantial influence on China.

“Dementia is among the costliest diseases globally, necessitating extensive care and treatment,” Chen emphasizes. “As for aging, China possesses the largest elderly population worldwide. There are few young individuals to care for this significant number of seniors living with dementia, presenting numerous challenges.”

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Reducing high blood pressure may decrease the likelihood of developing dementia

Posted on April 21, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Low blood pressure is associated with a lower risk of dementia

Shutterstock/Greeny

According to a large study from Chinese people, lowering hypertension reduces the risk of dementia and cognitive impairment.

Many studies link Hypertension is also known as hypertension, and is at a high risk of developing dementia.. Some studies have also shown that side effects of blood pressure treatment may be at a lower risk of dementia.

now, jiang he At the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas and his colleagues are directly considering the effectiveness of drugs that lower blood pressure for dementia and cognitive impairment.

They studied 33,995 people in rural China. They were all over 40 years old and had high blood pressure. Participants were split into one of two random groups, each with an average age of approximately 63 years.

On average, the first group actively received three antitherapeutic drugs, such as ACE inhibitors, diuretics, or calcium channel blockers, actively ensuring lower blood pressure. They also coached home blood pressure monitoring and lifestyle changes that help to reduce blood pressure, such as weight loss and alcohol and salt intake.

Another set treated as a control group achieved local treatment levels with the same coaching and more general levels of treatment, including on average one drug.

At follow-up appointments 48 months later, participants were tested for blood pressure and measured for signs of cognitive impairment using a standard questionnaire.

Concerns about hypertension begin when a person’s systolic pressure exceeds 130 mm mercury (mmHg) or when diastolic pressure exceeds 80 mmHg. blood pressure It has exceeded 130/80.

On average, many people who received the medication lowered their blood pressure from 157.0/87.9 to 127.6/72.6 mmHg, while the control group was able to take it from 155.4/87.2 to just 147.7/81.0 mmHg.

The researchers also found that 15% fewer people who received multiple drug therapies during the study received dementia diagnosis compared to the control group, and 16% suffered from cognitive impairment.

“The results of this study demonstrated that lowering blood pressure is effective in reducing the risk of dementia in patients with uncontrolled hypertensive conditions,” he says. “This proven and effective intervention should be widely adopted and expanded to alleviate the global burden of dementia.”

“Over the years, many people know that blood pressure is likely a risk factor for dementia. Zachary Malcolm At Washington University in Seattle.

Raj Shah Rush University in Chicago says it’s helpful to add evidence that treating high blood pressure can help stop dementia, but that’s just one of the dementia puzzles, as we affect brain abilities as we age.

“You need to treat hypertension for multiple reasons,” says Shah. “Because of people’s longevity and happiness, they can age healthyly over time.”

Marcum also says people should think more broadly than just blood pressure to avoid dementia. He says there is Other known risk factors This is associated with an increased risk of dementia, including smoking, inactivity, obesity, social isolation, and hearing loss.

And many factors are more influential at different stages of life. To reduce the risk of dementia, “a holistic approach is needed throughout your life,” says Shah.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

The reality of your risk for digital dementia

Posted on April 19, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Technology can actually offer some amazing benefits in slowing down cognitive decline as we age, as shown in new research published in the journal Natural Human Behavior. According to Professor Michael Scullin, co-author of the study, the idea of “digital dementia” is concerning, but the study’s results were surprising.

The study, conducted by Professor Jared Benge and his colleagues, compiled data from 57 scientific studies involving approximately 410,000 middle-aged or elderly participants. The results showed that technology use was associated with better cognitive outcomes and a reduced risk of cognitive impairment.

Despite concerns about excessive technology use, the study found that technology could actually benefit brain health by providing mental stimulation. This includes learning new things and engaging in mentally stimulating behaviors using computers, the internet, and smartphones.

The study also highlighted how technology can help older individuals maintain independence and cognitive function through tools like GPS devices and digital calendars. These compensatory behaviors can offset age-related declines in memory and attention.

How to Use Technology Responsibly

The key takeaway from the study is that technology can be a valuable tool for maintaining cognitive health in older adults. By introducing older individuals to digital devices and patiently teaching them how to use them, we can help them benefit from the positive aspects of technology.

For older adults who may be hesitant to adopt technology, it’s important to encourage them to give it a try and provide support throughout the learning process. By making technology use more accessible and engaging, we can help older individuals experience the benefits of digital tools.

In conclusion, while there is still ongoing research on the impact of technology on cognitive aging, the study provides a hopeful message that technology use can have positive effects on brain health. By focusing on the beneficial aspects of technology and finding ways to integrate it into daily life, older adults can potentially slow down cognitive decline and improve overall cognitive function.

About the Experts

Michael Scullin: Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Baylor University, specializes in sleep physiology and memory. He explores how memory can be used to fulfill daily intentions and investigates the impact of technological solutions on memory difficulties in older adults.

Jared Benge: Clinical Neuropsychologist and Associate Professor at the Dell School of Medicine, University of Texas at Austin. His research focuses on cognitive impairment, early detection of cognitive decline, and real-world functions in older adults with neurodegenerative diseases.

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Research shows that elderly individuals are seeking care for cannabis use due to increased risk of dementia.

Posted on April 15, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Hospital or emergency room care for cannabis use among middle-aged and elderly individuals may lead to an increased risk of developing dementia, according to a large Canadian study published in Jama Neurology. Over a five-year period, individuals seeking care for cannabis use were almost twice as likely to develop dementia compared to the general population.

The study, which analyzed medical records of six million Ontario residents from 2008 to 2021, highlighted a 23% higher risk of dementia among cannabis users compared to those seeking care for other reasons.

While the study did not specify the amount of cannabis used by participants, it did not establish a causal relationship between regular or heavy cannabis use and dementia.

Dr. Daniel T. Myran, the study’s lead author, emphasized the need for further research to explore the potential link between cannabis use and dementia. He acknowledged the complexity of determining whether cannabis use could lead to dementia and highlighted the importance of addressing these concerns.

Previous research by Dr. Myran indicated a higher mortality rate among individuals with cannabis use disorder and noted an increase in cases of schizophrenia and psychosis related to cannabis use in Canada.

Recent studies focusing on the impact of cannabis use on cognition have provided valuable insights, highlighting potential risks associated with regular or heavy cannabis consumption.

While previous research on cannabis and dementia has been limited, the strength of the new study lies in its large sample size and long-term follow-up of patients. Dr. Madeline Meyer, an expert not involved in the study, commended the study for its ability to rule out dementia at the outset and track the temporal relationship between cannabis use and dementia.

Dr. Meyer’s own research has linked cannabis use with neuropsychological decline, challenging the perception of cannabis as a harmless substance with potential medical benefits.

She emphasized the importance of taking the association between cannabis use and dementia seriously and considering the potential risks it may pose.

The increasing use of cannabis among older adults has raised concerns about potential health risks, including the development of dementia. A new study found a significant rise in cannabis-related medical visits among adults aged 45 and older, prompting further investigation into the potential impact of cannabis on cognitive health.

Comparing individuals with cannabis-related medical visits to the general population, the study highlighted a higher incidence of dementia among cannabis users, emphasizing the need for comprehensive evaluation of the risks associated with cannabis use.

While some factors contributing to the increased risk of dementia among cannabis users can be explained, others remain unclear, requiring further research to fully understand the potential relationship between cannabis use and cognitive decline.

Dr. Mylan and his colleagues found that individuals seeking care for alcohol use are more likely to be diagnosed with dementia than those using cannabis, highlighting the complex nature of substance use and its impact on cognitive health.

Despite efforts to control for various factors, there are still uncertainties surrounding the potential link between cannabis use and dementia. It is essential to consider all possible variables that may contribute to the development of dementia in cannabis users.

Source: www.nytimes.com

New research on cholesterol levels and dementia risk

Posted on April 5, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Having low levels of “bad” cholesterol in your blood can decrease the risk of developing dementia, according to recent Korean studies published in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. While the connection between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and heart health is well-known, its impact on brain health and dementia is still being studied.

Scientists analyzed data from 11 university hospitals in Korea, studying 571,000 adults without dementia. Participants were divided into two groups based on their cholesterol levels, with one group having high LDL-C levels above 3.4 mmol/L or 130 mg/dL, and the other group having low LDL-C levels below 1.8 mmol/L or 70 mg/dL.

The study found that individuals with low LDL-C were at a lower risk of developing dementia, with a 26% lower likelihood of being diagnosed with any type of dementia and a 28% reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease compared to the high LDL-C group. However, extremely low LDL-C levels below 1.4 mmol/L or 55 mg/dL did not show a significant decrease in dementia risk.

Additionally, the study observed that individuals in the low LDL-C group who took statins to lower their cholesterol levels had a 13% lower risk of dementia and a 12% lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease compared to those not taking statins.

While the study found a significant association between low LDL-C levels and reduced dementia risk, it had some limitations, such as being a retrospective study that did not consider other influencing factors like age, gender, genetic risk, and lifestyle. The study did not establish a causal link between LDL-C and dementia risk, emphasizing the need for further research.

Dr. Petra Proitsi, a genetic epidemiologist at Queen Mary University, London, acknowledged the complexity of the relationship between cholesterol and dementia, calling for more comprehensive studies involving diverse ethnic groups to explore this association further.

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About our experts:

Dr. Petra Proitsi is a genetic epidemiology specialist at the Preventive Neurology Centre at Queen Mary University, London. She leads themes of digital and health data science at the Wolfson Institute of Population Health and holds a PhD in Neuroscience from King’s College London.

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Research shows that the shingles vaccine can lower the chances of developing dementia

Posted on April 2, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Getting vaccinated from shingles reduces the risk of developing dementia. Large-scale new research I’ll find it.

This result provides some of the most powerful evidence that several viral infections can affect brain function in a few years and can interfere with them.

The study, published in Nature on Wednesday, found that those who received the shingles vaccine were 20% less likely to develop dementia seven years later than those who were not vaccinated.

“If you are reducing your risk of dementia by 20%, that’s very important in the public health context. Given that there aren’t too many at this point in slowing the onset of dementia,” Dr. Harrison was not involved in the new study. Other studies The shingles vaccine indicates a lower risk of dementia.

Whether protection can exceed seven years can only be determined by further research. However, with few effective treatments or prevention currently available, Dr. Harrison said the shingles vaccine appears to have “some of the most potent potential protective effects against dementia that we know are actually potentially potentially available.”

The case of shingles comes from a virus that causes water cell-zoster, a childhood chicken pox. As the age and the immune system weakens, the virus can reactivate and cause shingles, with symptoms such as burning, tingling, painful blisters and numbness. Nerve pain can be chronic and ineffective.

In the US, 1 in 3 Develop a lifetime centre for disease control and prevention of at least one case of shingles, also known as Herpes Zoster. Approximately one-third of eligible adults have received the vaccine in recent years. According to the CDC

While several previous studies suggest that shingles vaccinations may reduce the risk of dementia, most people were unable to rule out the possibility that vaccinated individuals may have other dementia protective properties, such as a healthier lifestyle, better diet, or more education.

New research ruled out many of these factors.

“That’s very strong evidence,” said Dr. Anupam Jena, a health economist and physician at Harvard Medical School.

This study emerged from an unusual aspect of the development of the shingles vaccine in Wales on September 1, 2013. Welsh officials have established strict age requirements. That date, 79 people were eligible for the vaccine for a year, but those over 80 were ineligible. When the young people turned 79, they qualified for the vaccine for a year.

Dr. Pascal Geldsetzer, an assistant professor of medicine at Stanford University and senior author of the study, said the age cutoff was imposed because of limited supply and the vaccine was deemed ineffective to people over 80 years of age.

Scientists were able to compare relatively equal groups. I’m with people who qualify for the vaccine and people who couldn’t get it. “If you hire 1,000 people born a week and 1,000 people born a week later, there shouldn’t be any difference between them, except for the big differences in vaccinations,” Dr. Geldsetzer said.

Researchers tracked health records of around 280,000 people, ages 71-88, without dementia when the development began. Over seven years, almost half of those eligible for the vaccine received it, but only a small number of ineligible groups received it, providing a clear front-and-after distinction.

To limit the likelihood of differences between groups, researchers used statistical analysis to measure data from people who only had one week on either side of the cutoff.

They also looked at medical records for possible differences between vaccinated and non-vaccinated. They evaluated whether unvaccinated people received more dementia diagnoses and took more medications that could increase their risk of dementia simply because they visited their doctors more frequently.

“They do a pretty good job with that,” Dr. Jena said. I wrote an explanation about nature research. “They are seeing nearly 200 drugs that have been shown to be linked to an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease at least.”

He said, “They are making a lot of effort to understand whether there may be other things to suit that age cutoff, other health policy changes, but that doesn’t seem to be the case.”

The study included Zostavax, an older form of shingles vaccine. This includes a fixed version of the live virus. It was then discontinued in the US and several other countries as protection against shingles declined over time. Singlix, a new vaccine containing the inactive portion of the virus, is more effective and permanent, research shows.

Last year’s research Dr. Harrison and his colleagues suggested that Singlix may be more protective against dementia than the older vaccine. Based on another “natural experiment,” the shift from Zostavax to Shingrix in the US in 2017 found that people who received the new vaccine for more than six years had fewer dementia diagnoses than those who received the old vaccine. Of those diagnosed with dementia, those who received the new vaccine were nearly six months longer than those who received the old vaccine, and nearly six months before they developed the condition.

There are various theories as to why the shingles vaccine protects against dementia. One possibility is that by preventing shingles, the vaccine reduces neuroinflammation caused by virus reactivation, Dr. Geldsetzer said. “Inflammation is a bad thing for many chronic diseases, including dementia,” he said.

Both new and Singlics research support that theory.

Another possibility is that vaccines will make the immune system more broad. New research also provides some evidence of that theory. Dr. Geldsetzer found that women with a more reactive immune system and greater antibody response to vaccination than men experience greater protection against dementia than men. The vaccine also provided a greater protective effect against dementia among people with autoimmune conditions and allergies.

Dr. Maria Nagel, a professor of neurology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, was not involved in the study, but said both theories were true. “There is evidence of direct and indirect effects,” said Dr. Nagel, who consulted the manufacturer of GSK’s Shingrix.

She said that while other vaccines, including those against the flu, produce common neuroprotective effects, there are several studies that have found that it makes sense that the shingles vaccine is especially protected against cognitive impairment, as the shingles virus is hidden in the nerves.

Although this study did not distinguish between types of dementia, other studies suggest that “the effect of the shingles vaccine against Alzheimer’s disease is much more pronounced than that of another dementia.” Recent research Alzheimer’s disease and other dementia and vaccines. She said that some cases of Alzheimer’s are linked to immunity compromise.

The Welsh population in the study was mostly white, Dr. Geldsetzer said, but the report suggested similar protective effects by analyzing UK death certificates for deaths caused by dementia. His team also replicated the results in Australia, New Zealand and Canada.

Dr. Jena said there is a need to further study the connection, noting that reducing the risk of dementia is not the same as preventing all cases. Still, he suggests that the evidence “something about exposure or access to the vaccine will have this effect on the risk of dementia in a few years.”

Source: www.nytimes.com

The neighborhood’s current thoughts on your dementia risk

Posted on March 29, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Living in different areas can greatly impact your health. Various factors, such as the environment, income, and overall living conditions, can play a role in affecting your long-term well-being. Recent studies suggest that these factors may also influence your chances of developing dementia.

A new study published in the Journal Neurology revealed that individuals residing in disadvantaged neighborhoods are more than twice as likely to develop dementia compared to those in wealthier areas.

Conducted by Professor Pankaja Desai at Rush University in Chicago, the study involved over 6,800 participants aged 65 and older from four nearby communities. The research found that individuals in the most disadvantaged areas had a 22% risk of developing dementia, whereas those in more privileged areas had only an 11% risk.

Even after adjusting for factors like age, gender, and education, the study observed that individuals in disadvantaged neighborhoods were more than twice as likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease. This connection was determined using the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), which incorporates various socio-economic factors to assess neighborhood-level risk.

Furthermore, individuals in disadvantaged areas experienced a faster decline in cognitive function as they aged, regardless of an Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis. This emphasizes the impact of community-level factors on dementia risk.

According to Desai, addressing neighborhood-level social characteristics is crucial in reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s and planning efficient health services. The study also highlighted disparities in dementia risk among different racial groups, indicating the importance of considering community factors in dementia care.

While the study’s focus was on Chicago neighborhoods and may not be universally applicable, the findings underscore the link between neighborhood disadvantage and dementia risk. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the significance of environmental factors in brain health.

About our experts

Dr. Pankaja Desai is an assistant professor at the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging and serves as the management director of Rush Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core. Her research has been featured in publications such as American Journal of Health Behavior and Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia.

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Researchers Uncover Potential Strategies for Coping with Dementia, with Insights from Unexpected Group

Posted on March 26, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

Can improving brain health be as simple as navigating your way through life? That’s the intriguing question posed in recent research published in the British Medical Journal, which found that being a taxi or ambulance driver may offer protection against dementia.

A study by Harvard researchers examined the working lives and causes of death of millions of Americans and discovered that taxi and ambulance drivers have the lowest incidence of Alzheimer’s disease-related deaths among about 400 different occupations.

The theory suggests that frequent navigation tasks could play a role in protecting against Alzheimer’s disease, which is a significant cause of mortality. In fact, between 2012 and 2021, more people died from dementia in the UK than from any other cause. According to Alzheimer’s Disease Research UK, 75,000 Britons succumbed to the disease in 2023 alone.

Navigating without GPS may help keep your brain sharp – Illustration Credit: Kyle Smart

As we live longer, the risk of dementia increases. The question arises: should we ditch the map app and rely on our natural navigation skills for a longer, healthier life? Previous research has shown that training to become a London taxi driver can actually alter the brain’s structure.

London cabbies, who undergo the rigorous “knowledge” test to master the city’s streets, show an enlargement of the hippocampus, the brain area responsible for spatial processing and navigation. This is significant because the hippocampus is one of the first areas affected by Alzheimer’s disease.

While Harvard’s research suggests that taxi and ambulance drivers have a lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease, it also points out that they tend to have shorter lifespans. This raises questions about the longevity of individuals in these professions and their susceptibility to the disease.

Despite the potential benefits of navigation tasks for brain health, researchers indicate that the study’s findings need to be interpreted within the context of historical mortality data. The widespread use of GPS today could impact the results, as navigation skills may vary among different generations.

Experts like Professor Hugo Spiers of UCL believe that honing navigation skills, especially through outdoor activities, can contribute to overall brain health. Engaging in activities that challenge spatial thinking and physical activity, such as walking in nature, can have positive effects on brain function and may help prevent Alzheimer’s disease.

So, the next time you’re choosing a route, consider stepping outside and navigating your way to improved brain health. Who knows, it might just be the key to a healthier, sharper mind.

About our experts

Hugo Spiers is a professor of cognitive neuroscience at UCL, leading the taxi brain project at the university. His research has been featured in prestigious journals like Nature, Proceedings of the United States Academy of Sciences, and Public Library Science.

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Advancements in Dementia Research: Science can now accurately assess the “biological age” of your brain

Posted on February 28, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

If you’re like Khloe Kardashian, who recently turned 40, you may have considered testing your biological age to see if you feel younger than your actual age. But while these tests can tell you a lot about your body’s aging, they often overlook the aging of your brain. Researchers have now developed a new method to determine how quickly your brain is aging, which could help in predicting and preventing dementia. Learn more here.

Unlike your chronological age, which is based on the number of years since you were born, your biological age is determined by how well your body functions and how your cells age. This new method uses MRI scans and artificial intelligence to estimate the biological age of your brain, providing valuable insights for brain health tracking in research labs and clinics.

Traditional methods of measuring biological age, such as DNA methylation, do not work well for the brain due to the blood-brain barrier, which prevents blood cells from crossing into the brain. The new non-invasive method developed at the University of Southern California combines MRI scans and AI to accurately assess brain aging.

Using AI to analyze MRI brain scans, researchers can now predict how quickly the brain is aging and identify areas of the brain that are aging faster. This new model, known as a 3D Convolutional Neural Network, has shown promising results in predicting cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease risk based on brain aging rates.

Researchers believe that this innovative approach can revolutionize the field of brain health and provide valuable insights into the impact of genetics, environment, and lifestyle on brain aging. By accurately estimating the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, this method could potentially lead to the development of new prevention strategies and treatments.

Overall, this new method offers a powerful tool for tracking brain aging and predicting cognitive decline, bringing us closer to a future where personalized brain health assessments can help prevent and treat neurodegenerative diseases.

For more information, visit Professor Andrei Ilimia’s profile here.

https://c02.purpledshub.com/uploads/sites/41/2025/02/MRI-scan.mp4

Using AI to analyze MRI brain scans, you can see how quickly your brain is aging.

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Can your diet impact your risk of developing dementia?

Posted on February 10, 2025 by Igor Mitreski

As we age, we naturally struggle to remember our memories. However, the condition that usually occurs later in life is dementiawhich can cause more severe memory loss. Dementia can affect our quality of life by making it difficult to remember important information, such as our age, phone number, home address, and the names of loved ones. Although there is no treatment for dementia, researchers have investigated the impact of different lifestyle choices on the risks of developing it.

A team of researchers recently analyzed the effects of diet on individuals who are sensitive to the onset of dementia and depression. These researchers previously found that both dementia and depression are associated with brain cells formed in areas that create new memories. Hippocampus. This process is known as Neurogenesis in the hippocampus, and IT problems involving cells dying at increasingly high speeds can exacerbate the risk of dementia and depression. The researchers mentioned the genetic predisposition of people with problems with neurogenesis in the hippocampus in terms they coined. Biological sensitivity of neurogenesis centers.

The researchers wanted to determine whether their diet affects neurogenesis in the hippocampus. They looked for either an increased or reduced risk of dementia and depression, depending on what participants ate. Other dementia researchers focus primarily on: Mediterranean diet Reduced the risk of dementia. In contrast, these researchers have shown that the relationship between several vitamins and food groups and conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, blood vessels and other types of dementia, depression, and general cognitive decline. We focused on neurogenesis sensitivity.

The team worked with 371 people without dementia, with an average age of 76 at the start of the exam. First, the researchers obtained blood samples from each participant to assess nutritional levels. Information from blood samples was then used to identify those who met and did not meet the criteria for neurogenesis-centered biosensitivity. Finally, they recorded the participants' medical history and paid attention to their medication.

After they gathered this initial information, they met with participants every two years for 12 years. They interviewed them about their diet during their first two years of follow-up visit. They also monitored their mental abilities and emotional states with each visit. Over the course of 12 years, 21% of participants developed dementia and 29% experienced symptoms related to depression.

After a 12-year trial, the researchers assessed how each participant's diet affected the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, or depression. They are Odds ratio, Odds ratios above 1 mean that individuals are at a higher risk of developing these conditions, and odds ratios below 1 reduce the risk. They found that sensitive participants who reported a greater chicken diet, such as chicken or turkey, had an odds ratio of 0.9, or a lower risk for Alzheimer's disease. On the other hand, for Alzheimer's disease, those who reported a diet consisting of large amounts of lean meat, such as beef and pork, showed 1.1 or increased risk.

Scientists also found that vulnerable participants who consumed large amounts of vitamin D in fatty fish, fortified milk and grains were either an increased odds ratio, or a risk for vascular dementia. . They found susceptible individuals who consumed more vitamin E forms found in whole grains, lush greens, and nuts. γ-Tocopherolshowed an increased odds ratio or risk for depression. However, researchers noted that diet did not affect whether an individual experiences natural cognitive decline, and did not affect the risk of dementia in people who are not sensitive to it.

Scientists concluded that eating more poultry than lean meat could reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease in individuals with neurogenetic-centered biological sensitivity. However, since these vitamins should benefit human health, they did not expect vitamins D and E to increase the risk of dementia and depression, respectively. Regardless of these nuances, researchers suggested that understanding the relationship between meat consumption and Alzheimer's disease could improve the later health of those with that tendency.

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Source: sciworthy.com

The impact of cholesterol levels on the risk of developing dementia

Posted on November 14, 2024 by Igor Mitreski

Recent research has found a significant connection between cholesterol levels and the risk of developing dementia. It is not just high cholesterol levels that are concerning, but also the fluctuations in levels over time. A study of 10,000 individuals suggests that these fluctuations could increase the chances of developing dementia by up to 60 percent.

The study also indicates that large variations in cholesterol levels, from high to low, are linked to a higher risk of general cognitive decline, regardless of dementia. Dr. Jen Zhou, a researcher at Monash University in Australia, emphasized the importance of closely monitoring and actively intervening to prevent such fluctuations.

The research focused on two main types of cholesterol – “bad cholesterol” or LDL and “good cholesterol” or HDL. Large fluctuations in LDL levels were found to accelerate cognitive decline, while fluctuations in HDL levels did not impact cognitive decline risk significantly.

The study highlighted the potential adverse effects of LDL cholesterol levels above 130mg per deciliter and the role of LDL fluctuations in destabilizing atherosclerotic plaques in arteries, potentially leading to impaired blood flow to the brain.

The study involved individuals in their 70s from Australia and the United States who did not have dementia at the start of the observation period. By the end of the study, a portion of participants developed dementia while others experienced cognitive decline. Those with stable cholesterol levels had a lower risk of neurological symptoms.

Globally, high levels of bad cholesterol contributed to millions of deaths in 2021. To manage cholesterol levels, individuals are advised to undergo regular medical check-ups and make lifestyle changes such as increasing physical activity, quitting smoking, and consuming a healthy diet.

According to Emily McGrath from the British Heart Foundation, lowering cholesterol can be achieved through various lifestyle adjustments, including reducing saturated fats and opting for foods rich in unsaturated fats like olive oil, nuts, seeds, and oily fish.

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Dementia risk factors identified: Poor vision and high cholesterol

Posted on August 1, 2024 by Igor Mitreski

Vision loss linked to dementia

Drazen Žigic/Getty Images

A large-scale study has identified poor eyesight and high cholesterol as two new risk factors for dementia. The study claims that eliminating these factors, along with 12 other previously recognized factors, could prevent almost half of all dementia cases worldwide. However, some of these factors are difficult to eliminate, and genetics and advanced age remain the biggest risk factors for developing dementia.

“Dementia may be one of the most significant health threats facing the nation.” Gil Livingston “The possibility of changing this and significantly reducing the number of people suffering from depression is crucial,” said researchers from University College London. [this] disease.”

A 2020 study identified 12 potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia, including hearing loss, depression, smoking, high blood pressure, heavy alcohol consumption, obesity, air pollution, traumatic brain injury, diabetes, social isolation, physical inactivity and lack of education.

Livingstone and 26 other dementia experts from around the world updated the list based on the latest evidence, retaining the 12 risk factors but adding two new ones: high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) “bad” cholesterol before age 65 and untreated vision loss in later life.

The researchers included high LDL cholesterol based on several new findings, including: Analysis of 17 studies The study followed around 1.2 million British participants under the age of 65 for over a year.

The results showed that for every 1 millimole per liter (mmol/L) increase in LDL cholesterol, the incidence of dementia increased by 8 percent. In another study of similar size, High LDL cholesterol (above 3 mmol/L) has been linked to a 33% increased risk of dementia, on average, and this risk is most pronounced in people who had high LDL cholesterol in midlife. “So it really does matter how long you have it,” Livingston says.

The researchers suggest that this association may mean that excess cholesterol in the brain increases the risk of stroke and contributes to dementia. Cholesterol has also been linked to the buildup of beta-amyloid protein plaques in the brain, which is linked to Alzheimer's disease.

Untreated vision loss can: Analysis of 14 studiesThe study, which involved more than 6.2 million older adults who were initially cognitively healthy, showed a 47% increased risk of developing dementia over 14.5 years. In another analysis, the risk The decline in vision was mainly due to cataracts and complications from diabetes. [loss] “There's a risk because you're reducing cognitive stimulation,” Livingston said, even though some research suggests that such stimulation may make the brain more resilient to dementia.

The researchers then used their model to estimate what percentage of dementia cases worldwide could be prevented if each of 14 modifiable risk factors were eliminated. They found that hearing loss and high cholesterol had the greatest impact, each contributing about 7 percent of dementia cases, while obesity and excessive alcohol consumption had the least impact, each contributing 1 percent. If all factors were eliminated, the team estimated that about 45 percent of dementia cases could be prevented.

But just because these factors are associated with dementia doesn't mean they cause it, he said. Dylan Williams“So even if we target interventions at them, they may not prevent as much disease as we would hope,” said researcher David L. Schneider of University College London, who was not involved in the report.

These estimates are only population averages and don't capture individual-level risk, Williams says. So removing all factors from your life wouldn't necessarily halve your risk of dementia, which is heavily influenced by genetics and age. Eliminating many of these risk factors, like air pollution or lack of education, would also require public health interventions rather than individual changes, Williams says.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

The Link Between Wildfire Smoke and Higher Dementia Risk

Posted on July 31, 2024 by Igor Mitreski

summary

Studies have found that wildfire smoke can have adverse effects on brain health.
New research suggests that increased exposure to smoke may increase the risk of dementia.
As wildfires become more frequent and intense due to climate change, more people are being exposed to smoke and the associated health risks.

Parts of California, Oregon and Montana have been hit by several massive wildfires, including the Park Fire in Northern California, the fifth-largest in state history, and air pollution has reached unhealthy levels.

Smoke from wildfires can travel hundreds, even thousands, of miles, making it a danger to people nearby as well as those far away.

The fine particles in the smoke are not only bad for your lungs, but a series of studies in recent years have shown that they also have a negative impact on brain health, increasing the risk of dementia, cognitive impairment and mental health problems.

“Much of the research on wildfire smoke has historically focused on the lungs and the heart,” said Stephanie Cleland, an assistant professor at Simon Fraser University who studies the health effects of wildfire smoke. “It's only recently that we've seen a focus on cognitive function and brain health.”

Adding to this body of evidence is a study presented Monday at the Alzheimer's Association International Conference suggesting that wildfire smoke may increase the likelihood of a dementia diagnosis.

The study analyzed health records of more than 1.2 million Southern California adults aged 60 and older from 2009 to 2019.

The researchers looked at where people lived and their exposure to fine particles from wildfire smoke and other pollutants, and found that for every extra microgram per cubic meter of fine particulate matter from smoke that participants were exposed to over a three-year period, their odds of developing dementia increased by 21%.

In contrast, a similar increase in exposure to fine particulate matter from other sources, such as cars and factories, was associated with a 3% increased odds of developing dementia.

Study author Dr. Holly Elser, a neurology resident at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, said the evidence is still preliminary but supports that chronic exposure to wildfire smoke contributes to cognitive decline.

But, she said, “the threshold at which wildfire smoke begins to pose a risk to dementia is unclear.”

a A study published in August Similarly, higher exposure to fine particulate matter from a variety of sources, including wildfires, was also found to be associated with higher incidence of dementia.

Climate change is making wildfires more frequent and more intense, and it is also increasing people's exposure to smoke. Between 2003 and 2023, the frequency of major wildfires is expected to more than double, Recent research has shown that.

Scientists believe that wildfire smoke affects the brain because the tiny particles it contains can penetrate the barrier between the bloodstream and the brain, causing inflammation in the central nervous system. The particles can also travel directly from the nose to the brain, which can affect people's ability to think, learn, and remember.

Dementia isn't the only potential impact. Research in 2022 Adults who had recently been exposed to wildfire smoke performed worse on brain-training games that measure abilities such as memory, attention, flexibility, processing speed and problem-solving skills, a study has found.

“People's alertness is significantly reduced within hours to days of exposure to wildfire smoke,” said Cleland, one of the study's authors.

other A study published in the same year Exposure to wildfire smoke during the school year has been shown to lower students' test scores compared to smoke-free years.

“The more smoke you're exposed to, the worse your test scores are,” said Marshall Burke, a co-author of the study and an associate professor of global environmental policy at Stanford University. “The impact on individual students is probably pretty small, but when you add it up across students and across schools, it adds up to a pretty significant overall learning loss.”

But Mr Burke said he had doubts about the dementia study findings published this week because wildfire smoke and other pollution “cannot be equated”.

Elser acknowledged that many questions remain about how smoke affects the brain — for example, it's unclear whether smoke causes dementia in healthy people or only in those who are already at risk.

“That's a really interesting question as to whether this is creating new cases of dementia that never would have occurred before, or whether it's simply hastening the onset of clinically evident dementia,” she said.

Other questions remain about the relationship between wildfire smoke and mental health. February Survey Exposure to smoke from wildfires in the western United States has been linked to increased emergency room visits for anxiety. depression and Psychosis like schizophrenia.

Elser said wildfire smoke can change the neurochemistry in people's brains, which can lead to depression and anxiety, but it's also possible that the anxiety and stress of experiencing and living through a wildfire can independently lead to mental health issues.

Other health effects of wildfire smoke are fairly well understood: Scientists have known for decades that inhaling smoke particles can travel deep into the lungs or enter the bloodstream, increasing the risk of asthma, stroke, heart attack, lung cancer, and low birth weight in newborns.

Cleland said it's not just people in fire-prone areas of the U.S. who have to worry about these risks, as the Canadian wildfires that blanketed parts of the Midwest and Northeast in smoke last summer showed.

“Last summer completely changed our discussion of who is exposed to wildfire smoke,” she says. “Oregon, California, Washington and British Columbia are actually getting a lot of wildfire smoke, but that doesn't mean places like the northeastern U.S. and Ontario aren't affected.”

To reduce exposure to wildfire smoke, experts recommend that people living in areas with high levels of wildfire smoke: Air Quality Index Reading If your count is over 100, avoid outdoor activities, close all windows, run indoor air purifiers, and wear an N95 mask if you must go out.

Source: www.nbcnews.com

Reducing arm fat decreases dementia risk by 18%

Posted on July 25, 2024 by Igor Mitreski

It is widely known that excess body fat can lead to health issues like heart disease and diabetes. However, recent research has found a correlation between fat distribution in the arms and abdomen and the risk of developing dementia.

Dementia, a group of neurodegenerative disorders that includes Alzheimer’s disease, is on the rise globally. By 2050, it is projected that 139 million people worldwide will be affected. In the UK, it is estimated that one in three people born currently may develop dementia.

The causes of dementia are complex and not fully understood. However, a study published in the Journal of Neurology suggests that having high levels of body fat in the arms and abdomen can significantly increase the likelihood of developing neurodegenerative diseases like dementia.

The study involved over 400,000 participants, of whom a subset developed neurodegenerative diseases. After considering other factors like high blood pressure, smoking, and diabetes, the researchers found that individuals with higher levels of abdominal and arm fat had an increased risk of developing these conditions.

The researchers also found that greater muscle strength was associated with a lower risk of disease. They suggest that targeted interventions to reduce abdominal and arm fat may be more effective in preventing neurodegeneration than general weight management.

Further research is needed to fully understand how body composition affects overall health outcomes. The team plans to investigate the impact of body composition on other health issues like heart failure in the future.

About our experts

Xu Shishi Dr. Xu is a clinical physician specializing in endocrinology and metabolism at West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China. With a background in epidemiology and evidence-based research, his research interests include metabolic diseases and large-scale population cohort data analysis.

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Research suggests smartphone app could aid in early diagnosis of dementia in younger adults

Posted on April 1, 2024 by Igor Mitreski

New data suggests that a smartphone app could aid in detecting the main cause of early-onset dementia in individuals at a high risk of developing it.

Researchers have discovered that cognitive tests conducted through smartphone apps can identify early signs of frontotemporal dementia in those genetically predisposed to the condition, showing comparable sensitivity to traditional medical evaluations.

Frontotemporal dementia is a neurological disorder that typically emerges in middle age, impacting a person’s ability to plan, prioritize, filter distractions, and control impulses as certain brain regions responsible for these functions diminish over time.

Approximately one-third of individuals affected by this disease have a genetic component, underscoring the urgency of early diagnosis and monitoring response to treatments most effective in the disease’s initial stages.

Lead author Adam from the University of California, San Francisco, noted, “Most frontotemporal dementia patients receive a belated diagnosis due to their young age and symptoms being mistaken for mental health issues.”

The use of smartphones as diagnostic tools for Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases has been gaining popularity. Researchers collaborated with a software company to develop an app for assessing cognitive function, gait, balance, movement, and language skills in individuals at high genetic risk for frontotemporal dementia, even before symptoms manifest.

The study published in JAMA Network Open demonstrated the app’s ability to accurately detect dementia and potentially outperform traditional neuropsychological assessments in the early stages of the disease.

While there are no immediate plans for public availability, the app could significantly advance research efforts in understanding and treating frontotemporal dementia.

Over 30 clinical trials are underway or in the pipeline, exploring treatments that may slow disease progression in specific gene carriers. The app could address the challenge of collecting sensitive outcome measures easily, benefitting patients, caregivers, and clinicians.

Stafaroni added, “We believe smartphone-based assessments could facilitate innovative trials for potential treatments, reducing the need for frequent in-person evaluations.”

Ultimately, the app may serve as a tool to monitor treatment efficacy and potentially replace most in-person visits to clinical trial sites.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Slowing Aging and Preventing Dementia Through Restoration of Brain Mitochondria

Posted on January 22, 2024 by Igor Mitreski

Protein plaques in the brain may be caused by mitochondrial dysfunction

Sebastian Kauritzky/Alamy

If you own a car, you’ve probably noticed that your engine becomes less efficient over time. The farther you drive, the more fuel it takes to cover the same distance. Eventually, you’ll end up with so little power that you need a physical push to climb a gentle hill.

It is now becoming clear that much the same holds true for the human brain. Microscopic structures called mitochondria, found in all brain cells, are literally the engines of our thoughts and emotions. As we age, we find it increasingly difficult to generate enough energy to power mental activity. Worse, just like an old car leaves behind a cloud of smoke, the power source of our cells begins to produce unnecessary waste products that slowly pollute our brains. This means that mitochondrial dysfunction may underlie some of the most serious brain diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and motor neuron disease.

According to this “grand unified theory” of neurodegeneration, recharging neurons through restoration of their power plants can prolong healthy brain function. This idea has already inspired some exciting new treatments for age-related brain diseases, with multiple drug candidates under investigation. Some researchers are exploring the possibility of transplanting healthy mitochondria into damaged, aging brains to reactivate them. “If you keep replacing the parts in your car, it can last forever,” he says. claudio soto, a neurologist at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. “So what happens if we try to run this…

Source: www.newscientist.com

Indian teenager creates ground-breaking device with potential to revolutionize dementia care on a global scale

Posted on January 16, 2024 by Igor Mitreski

IDuring the blissful summer that Hemesh Chadarabada spent with his grandmother in 2018, they watched endless movies and ate her grandmother's chicken biryani. Late one evening, while Chadaravada, then 12, was sitting alone in front of the television, Jayasree got up in her nightgown and went to her home in Guntur, southern India, to make her a cup of tea. Ta.

After returning to her bedroom, Chadarabada went into the kitchen and noticed that her grandmother, then 63, had left the gas on.

“She was recently diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, and I was still in shock. What would have happened if I hadn't been there?” Chadaravada says.

Chadarabada shows her grandmother the prototype of the device. Photo: Handout

Chadaravada knows that Jayasree is not only a loving grandmother but also a dynamic and successful woman with a high-profile career as a civil servant who interacted with Telangana's top politicians and policy makers. Ta.

But Alzheimer's disease changed her forever. “She would wake up at 3 or 4 in the morning and she would go outside thinking she was on the train,” he says.

During that happy summer, Chadarabada, a self-confessed geek from Hyderabad who loves robotics, decided he wanted to invent a device to help people like his grandmother.

Now 17 years old, Chadarabada is ready to start building a device to detect falls and wandering in Alzheimer's patients, something that is not possible with currently available devices.

Light and compact, Alpha Monitor can be worn as a badge or armband and sounds an alarm when the wearer begins to move, alerting caregivers if the patient falls or wanders.

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Most similar devices work over Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, so if a person moves outside of the frequency's restricted range, they lose connectivity and, with it, monitoring. However, Alpha Monitor Lolait uses.

Chadarabada taught himself by watching YouTube videos about robotics and electronics and developed 20 prototypes.

Understanding the needs of Alzheimer's disease (Alzheimer's disease in India) patients Estimated 8.8 million people), spent time at a day center run by the Alzheimer's Disease Related Disorders Association of India.

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