How Embracing Sauna Culture Enhances Brain Health and Reduces Dementia Risk

Sauna therapy for brain health benefits

Unlocking the Potential: Does Heat Therapy Enhance Brain Function?

gpointstudio/Getty Images

As an enthusiast of cold water swimming, I previously explored its brain benefits. However, the emerging evidence on heat therapy fascinated me—particularly regarding its neurological advantages. This prompted a deeper investigation into the subject.

During my last trip to Finland and Sweden, I immersed myself in their sauna culture, learning that ‘sauna’ is pronounced ‘sow-na’ (with ‘ow’ rhyming with ‘how’), contrasting my South East London pronunciation.

Finnish saunas, reaching temperatures of 70°C to 110°C (158°F to 230°F) with low humidity, are extensively studied. Regular sauna use correlates with numerous physical benefits, such as reduced risks of high blood pressure, muscle disorders, and respiratory diseases. Recent research also identifies significant cognitive benefits, including fewer headaches, improved mental health, better sleep quality, and a decreased risk of dementia.

A large-scale study involving nearly 14,000 participants aged 30 to 69 tracked sauna habits over 39 years. The findings revealed that those who frequented saunas nine to twelve times a month exhibited a 19 percent reduction in dementia risk compared to those who visited less than four times a month.

Moreover, sauna bathing appears linked to various cognitive enhancements. For instance, a small trial involving 37 adults with chronic headaches compared those receiving headache management advice to participants who regularly attended saunas. The sauna group reported significantly reduced headache intensity.

Regular sauna use is also associated with lower risks of psychosis and increased vitality and social functioning in elderly individuals, reinforcing its potential cognitive benefits.

However, it’s crucial to recognize that not all heat treatments yield the same results. Various forms of heat therapy exist, each offering distinct benefits. For example, a trial with 26 individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder showed that those receiving infrared heating sessions reported significant symptom reductions over six weeks compared to a sham treatment.

How Does Heat Therapy Benefit Brain Health?

Heat therapy’s efficacy appears closely linked to its anti-inflammatory effects. In a study following 2,269 middle-aged Finnish men, researchers found that individuals engaging in frequent sauna use exhibited reduced levels of inflammation, a factor significantly associated with depression and cognitive decline.

Another mechanism involves heat shock proteins, which are produced when body temperature rises during sauna use or exercise. These proteins help prevent misfolding of other proteins—a common feature in many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease.

Enhanced blood circulation also plays a role; heat exposure dilates blood vessels, thereby improving cardiovascular health. This indirect benefit to brain health can decrease risks associated with vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.

Additionally, saunas may elevate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, vital for neuron growth. In an experiment with 34 men, participants receiving 12 to 24 sessions of infrared therapy displayed significantly higher BDNF levels and improved mental well-being compared to those doing low-intensity workouts.

Can Saunas Enhance Cognitive Skills?

Beyond long-term neurological advantages, the immediate effects of sauna sessions are promising. A study involving 16 men revealed that brain activity post-sauna sessions resembled a relaxed state, indicating potential improvements in task efficiency. Researchers suggest that heat therapy may help extend mental work capacity over prolonged periods.

However, excessive heat exposure can lead to fatigue and reduced cognitive function. Studies indicate that high-temperature environments may impair memory consolidation, making saunas less suitable for study sessions.

If you’re exploring heat therapy, check guidelines from the British Sauna Association to ensure safety, including limiting duration and staying hydrated.

Do Hot Baths Offer Similar Benefits?

If you lack access to saunas, could hot baths serve as an alternative? While they may partially replicate sauna benefits, the evidence is still inconclusive. According to Ali Qadiri from West Virginia University, warm baths do elevate core body temperature and can improve mood and relaxation. Still, he cautions that robust data on saunas and dementia prevention far outweighs that for baths.

My local lake offers both cold water swimming and sauna experiences, prompting me to consider their combined effects. A Japanese study on the practice known as totonou, or alternating between hot saunas and cold baths, revealed enhancements in relaxation and reduced alertness after several rounds.

While more research is needed to determine if this combination is more effective than using heat or cold therapy alone, the overall evidence supports potential cognitive boosts from regular sauna visits, reinforcing my commitment to explore more heat and cold therapy options.

Topics:

Source: www.newscientist.com

Was There an Overlooked Culture in Bronze Age Türkiye that Thrived?

The remnants of Seyitömer Höyük in western Turkey exemplify a classic Luwian settlement.

Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism, General Directorate of Cultural Heritage and Museums, Department of Excavations; Luwian Studies #0255

Surveys of archaeological locations in western Turkey have uncovered numerous significant towns that thrived during the Bronze Age. This lends credence to the contentious theory that this area hosted influential political entities which contributed to the upheaval in the eastern Mediterranean around 3,200 years ago.

Historically, scholars have recognized several prominent Bronze Age civilizations coexisting in the Eastern Mediterranean from approximately 2000 to 1200 BC, including the ancient Egyptians, the Mycenaean Greeks, and the Hittites of present-day central Turkey.

Yet, President Eberhard Sanger, Luwian research, has long thought that critical elements might be missing from the current understanding. He theorizes that there existed a number of formidable states in western Turkey, positioned between the Hittites on the eastern side and the Mycenaeans on the western side.

A decade ago, Sanger revealed findings based on satellite imagery suggesting that western Turkey was home to archaeological sites supporting his theory. However, the timelines of occupation at these locations remained unclear from the images alone.

In the ensuing years, Sanger and his team have analyzed excavation reports from various Turkish sites and personally visited many locations to deepen their knowledge of their historical context.

The focus has been on large sites exceeding 100 meters in diameter, where archaeologists uncovered Bronze Age pottery. The newly published database catalogs 483 archaeological sites across western Turkey fulfilling these criteria. “We are studying settlements that hosted hundreds of individuals over centuries,” Sanger noted.

He speculates that these settlements were organized into a network of small states, which he collectively refers to as the Ruwian states. This evokes parallels to Mycenaean civilization, which also appeared to be comprised of several small states, each with its respective palace and king. Sanger remarked that these provinces remain largely unrecognized due to the tendency of Turkish excavators to focus on individual site contexts rather than regional interactions.

The notion that a small yet significant state existed in this region isn’t entirely inconsistent with current evidence. “There was a substantial kingdom known as Arzawa in western Anatolia,” states Guy Middleton from Newcastle University, UK, who did not participate in the study. “The king of Arzawa communicated with the pharaoh.” [Amenhotep III] During a period when the neighboring Hittite kingdom was waning, he was referred to as the “Great King,” akin to one of the gangsters.

However, much archaeological evidence pertaining to Arzawa and additional Ruwian provinces remains elusive, according to Sanger. He attributes this partly to the fact that many sites associated with these states experienced continued occupation well after the Bronze Age, effectively burying the Ruwian layers under more recent archaeological layers. “It can take years or even decades of excavation to reach Bronze Age strata,” he remarked.

Ian Rutherford, a researcher from the University of Reading in Britain, states that “Luwian” was a term used by the Hittites to refer to the people of western Anatolia, but without additional evidence, it’s challenging to ascertain if everyone there was Luwian or if non-Luwian cultures were also present. “I remain skeptical,” he commented.

Most provocatively, Sanger posits that the Luwian states occasionally formed extensive political coalitions that could contend with the more recognized Bronze Age civilizations of the Eastern Mediterranean. He even suspects that a Luwian confederacy played a role in the collapse of Hittite civilization approximately 3,200 years ago, instigating an assault on ancient Egypt at that time. A mysterious group known as the Sea Peoples often features in these historical events, and Sanger believes they were Luwians. Many researchers, including Middleton, contend that the narrative surrounding the collapse of the Sea Peoples and Bronze Age civilizations is considerably more intricate and nuanced.

Nevertheless, Sanger finds support for his theories in unexpected sources. One such source is the myth of the Trojan War in ancient Greece, set during the late Bronze Age. In this narrative, vast numbers of Mycenaean Greeks purportedly engaged in a protracted ten-year conflict at Troy, which Sanger identifies as one of the proposed Luwian states.

He points out that the account appears odd, given that it reportedly took ten years for such a large Greek army to seize a relatively modest city. He theorizes that the tale gained traction in the centuries following the Bronze Age as audiences at that time interpreted it to depict a significant clash between the Greeks and a robust coalition of warriors from various Luwian provinces. “Fiction must resonate,” remarks Sanger.

Cairo and Alexandria, pioneers of science in the ancient world: Egypt

Experience an unforgettable adventure through Cairo and Alexandria, two of Egypt’s most famed cities, where ancient history intertwines with contemporary allure.

topic:

Source: www.newscientist.com

Guide #218: For Gen Z, YouTube is More Than an App—It’s the Background of Our Everyday Lives

BMonths pass with minimal updates on streaming platforms surpassing traditional television. YouTube remains the leader with 2.5 billion viewers monthly. For those of us around 28 and younger, YouTube is less of an application and more of a response to the omnipresent background noise of today’s life. While my mother fills the house with Radio 4 or has BBC News flickering in the background, I’m engrossed in a video essay on Japan’s innovative urban planning. It’s not that I entirely avoid traditional TV (though I primarily access it through various streaming services), but after a long day, the thought of enduring another hour of intense programming feels overwhelming. More often than not, I gravitate towards YouTube, meaning it’s improbable that we’re viewing the same content.

When Google acquired the platform for $1.65 billion in 2006, the amount seemed outrageous. Many critics doubted whether any video platform could justify such a valuation. The reasoning was straightforward: Unless YouTube could eclipse television, it would never attain that worth. Fast forward nearly two decades, and that perspective significantly underestimates YouTube’s evolution. It hasn’t merely replaced TV; it has also pioneered entirely new content formats, such as vodcasts, vlogs, video essays, reaction videos, ASMR, and its controversial counterpart, mukbang. The platform has effortlessly adapted to emerging trends, establishing an alternate ‘online mainstream’. Long before podcasters, TikTokers, substack writers, or influencers emerged, there were YouTubers.

I began my YouTube Premium subscription during the COVID-19 lockdown when I found myself with ample time, no commute, and extra cash. Currently, it’s the only subscription I don’t question in terms of value; instead, I contemplate whether it significantly impacts my personal growth. Regrettably, my gym membership doesn’t match this criteria.

The standout advantage of a premium subscription is the absence of ads. Additionally, the smart downloads feature, which automatically curates episodes for your queue based on viewing habits, has been invaluable during lengthy subway rides. I rarely experience boredom nowadays. On my daily commute instead of staring vacantly out the window, I enjoy sports highlights or listen to podcasts. I find myself immersed in YouTube without a second thought.

Donald Trump (right) appears on Joe Rogan’s podcast on YouTube. Photo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hBMoPUAeLnY

I feel a bit sheepish admitting that a random burst of short stories about guitar instructors and teenage garage bands reignited my passion for playing. It’s akin to confessing you met your significant other on Hinge. Yet, that’s precisely the point. YouTube has democratized expertise in a manner that traditional media never achieved. Moreover, it aligns with the social norms around media consumption on mobile devices. I wouldn’t dare watch a Spielberg or Scorsese film on a 6-inch screen; it feels disrespectful to the artistry. However, behind-the-scenes footage and promotional tour clips? That’s the ideal use for YouTube.

I indulge in a mix of homegrown YouTube creators, such as Amelia DiMoldenburg’s Chicken Shop Date, XXSyHighroller for NBA analysis, Tifo Football for tactical breakdowns, and Happy Sad Confused for film interviews. Additionally, I consume a steady stream of content initially designed for television and print but now reaches vast audiences through YouTube, including shows like Graham Norton, Saturday Night Live, and fellow journalists like Owen Jones and Mark Kermode. Sports highlights also thrive on the platform, providing an unparalleled convenience that traditional broadcasters struggle to offer, especially regarding paywalled sports like cricket and the NFL, which demand significant financial and temporal investment to access live.

Nevertheless, this convenience isn’t without its challenges. YouTube’s intensely personalized algorithms ensure that everyone’s viewing experience is unique. While previous generations could bond over the question, “Did you catch that last night?” now people are entrenched in their individual algorithmic bubbles. Despite the abundance of choices, we’ve lost the shared cultural experience. Even YouTube’s significant moments are splintered in a way that Saturday night television never was. When far-right politicians lament societal divisions, their focus might be better directed toward our viewing behaviors instead of immigration concerns. My enjoyment of algorithms might be more aligned with a 28-year-old in Bangalore than with the 45-year-old neighbor next door.

While this reality can be unsettling, there’s a noteworthy exception. Although YouTube intensifies viewing discrepancies across many demographics, it has forged a near-monoculture among younger audiences. Figures like Joe Rogan, Theo Von, Rex Fridman, and a revolving group of intellectuals, including podcasters aligned with President Trump and the late Charlie Kirk, have fostered a pervasive and relaxed dialogue among men in my age group. Although YouTube has democratized access to long-form discussions in enriching ways, it has also facilitated a pipeline for increasingly detrimental content. The platform’s algorithms not only highlight what piques your interest but also what captures your attention longer, which aren’t always the same. This phenomenon tends to elevate extreme viewpoints and fringe theories, leading viewers on a gradual journey from innocuous to genuinely harmful misinformation without them realizing it. Furthermore, it’s challenging for communities to self-regulate since everyone within a demographic shares a similar experience.

Skip past newsletter promotions

Recent statistics show that YouTube users consume over 1 billion hours of content daily around the globe. For better or worse, YouTube has emerged victorious, and I’m mostly okay with that. You might want to consult your outdated TV guide to figure out what’s on BBC Two at 9 PM. However, perhaps we should reassess the balance—not only between YouTube and competing platforms but also between YouTube and everything else. I’m uncertain about the solution…but I’m fairly confident there’s a video essay that can tell me what I should think.

If you’d like to read the full edition of this newsletter, subscribe to receive the guide in your inbox every Friday.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Garden Reflexxxx: 10 Most Entertaining Finds Online | Culture

a As an FBI Radio movie host, our mission in life and love is to liberate cinema from excessive privilege. Through our experiences as filmmakers and critics, we’ve navigated the complexities of “industry standards” to uncover the true essence of film, repeatedly synthesizing our insights. . Hence, I ventured into Tomb Raider, delving into a treasure trove of orange hard drives in anticipation of the film festival at the Sydney Opera House.


Much like Tame Impala, most of these videos are solo acts concealed behind a collaborative façade. Typically, you’ll find a woman on the brink of a breakthrough, harnessing tools like the iPhone. Feed a man a fish, and he eats for a day; hand two filmmakers a list, and you’ll provide them work for life.

1. Puppy

Do you allow Instagram content?

This article contains content provided by Instagram. You may be using cookies or other tracking technologies, so you will need to grant permission before anything is loaded. To view this content, Click “Get permission and continue.”.


Puppycodes serves as a largely inactive Instagram archive, yet Alice Barker emerges as the most prominent figure of the era. She utilized code to unearth the most unique videos, all of which hover between the boundaries of danger and adorability. Much like other comedic geniuses, she embodies profound empathy. Alice founded support.fm, a non-profit bail fund supporting trans and gender-nonconforming individuals in detention. Each video strikes a uniquely different chord, deserving of its own soft and deep significance. Her presence feels like an innovative film on the grid. Were these observations enough to illustrate the humor found in her creative output? Like the charm of a Bear Emmy, puppies encapsulate both drama and comedy.

2. Caitupdate: New Lip Palette!

Do you allow Instagram content?

This article features content sourced from Instagram. You may need to provide consent as you might be using cookies or other tracking technologies before viewing. To see this content, Click “Get permission and continue.”.


Does MUA signify a makeup artist, or has the sound of a kiss been detailed? In this instance, Macy Rodman emulates transgender activist Caitlyn Jenner while trying out a new lip palette. Caitupdate represents one of the numerous unexpected ways Macy has astounded us. Her musical ventures are exceptional; her podcast Nymphoires humorously redefines entertainment. An incredible performer, her live acts are unparalleled.

Macy generously contributed her music to our inaugural feature film, Grape Steak, which screened modestly at the Spectacle Theatre. This might come across as boastful, yet while we have this platform with the Guardian, we’re honored to host events in Greenwich Village, celebrating the premiere of Season 2 and engaging with content of that magnitude. #mua #ithoughtatwasakissssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss

3.

Do you allow Instagram content?

This article contains content provided by Instagram. You may have to allow cookies or third-party tools before anything is loaded. To view this content, Click “Get permission and continue.”.


Does MUA denote a makeup artist, or merely signify the sound of a kiss? Here, Macy Rodman captures the essence of transgender icon Caitlyn Jenner testing a new lip palette. Caitupdate represents one of the multifaceted approaches Macy uses to captivate us. Her music is exceptional, and her podcast Nymphoires offers an unmatched comedic experience. She is a phenomenal actress, and her live performances are unparalleled entertainment.

Macy generously donated her music to our debut film, Grape Steak, which had a modest screening at the Spectacle Theatre. While this may come across as bragging, during our time with the Guardian platform, we’re thrilled to host events in Greenwich Village and enjoy the launch of Season 2 with such splendid content. #mua #ithoughtatwasakissssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss

3.

Do you allow Instagram content?

This article contains content provided by Instagram. You may be using cookies or other tracking technologies, so you’ll need to give permission before viewing content. To see this content, Click “Get permission and continue.”.


Who claims that makeup artists cannot transform their cinematic experiences into magic? The lush Massacr, a legal strategist turned full-time drug evaluator, navigates the lens while dissecting local shopping centers and moral quandaries across the USA. Each of the lush videos constitutes a generous archive, typically filmed in landscape mode; they uniquely blend humor, advocacy, and sales advice amidst glimpses of privacy infringement. She scouts for public arenas that evoke amicable atmospheres. We take her seriously as she is truly a filmmaker worthy of exploring the depths of your device. Her sound design is unrivaled. “Do not do it, little girl,” has become a guiding principle, while “brick” serves almost as a warning—”hiiiii!” should undoubtedly win the Pantone Color of the Year™ award.

4. GALPALZ Episode 2: Another Simple Day with Zero Consequences

< Source: www.theguardian.com

Exploring the Intersection of Memes, Gaming, and Internet Culture in Relation to Charlie Kirk’s Shooting

hGreetings from Ello and TechScape! Dara Kerr is here to fill in for Blake Montgomery, who is currently on vacation. In the meantime, I’m diving into the memes, games, and internet culture that surround Charlie Kirk’s recent filming.

The bullet that claimed the life of a conservative activist bore the inscription, “What will this inflate?” This quickly caught the attention of the online community. It’s a phrase often used in internet culture to poke fun at participants in online role-play communities, particularly within the fur fandom, where individuals dress up as anthropomorphic animal characters.

“The phrase is embraced by the fur community not just to tease them for being cringy, but also to claim ownership over memes,” he writes. Know your memes, a site that chronicles viral trends. “Ultimately, this phrase functions as a meme and is regarded as one of the most annoying things to say to someone else.”

Other bullet casings seized by law enforcement in Utah featured inscriptions that referenced online games and niche memes, igniting a wave of speculation on social media regarding the potential motives behind the murder. One casing read: “O Bella Ciao, Bella Ciao,” while another stated, “If you read this, you’re gay, Lmao.” The former connects to an Italian anti-fascist folk song, while the latter is described by web culture writer Ryan Broderick as “just a boilerplate edgy joke.” Last week’s newsletter carried the title, “Charlie Kirk was killed by a meme.”

The final bullet casing disclosed by law enforcement read, “Heyfascist! Catch!” followed by a series of arrow symbols. This sequence appears to allude to commands in the video game Helldivers 2 that are used to deploy 500kg bombs.

Suspect Tyler James Robinson, a 22-year-old from a small Utah town near the Arizona border, has been charged with Kirk’s murder at a campus event at Utah Valley University in Orem. Kirk was hit by a single bullet fired from a “powerful bolt-action rifle” from a distant rooftop.

Both the suspect and the 31-year-old victim, Charlie Kirk, were well-versed in online culture. Kirk was associated with Turning Point USA, a conservative youth organization, known for engaging in discussions about extremist views on race, immigration, gender identity, and gun rights. His rise to fame was primarily fueled by his strong online presence.

As my colleague Alaina Demopoulos wrote:

Kirk, a pivotal figure in Donald Trump’s rise, galvanized college conservatives who transitioned to a different ecosystem than mainstream media. Throughout the decade between Kirk’s emergence as a teenage activist and the shooting, he played a crucial role in the growth of MAGA politics alongside changes in the media landscape.

Founded in 2012, Turning Point USA aimed to redirect Obama-era youth outreach toward conservative values. Even adversaries of his views couldn’t disregard his significant presence in the political arena. For a young American viewer, Kirk represented a savvy figure across platforms like YouTube, Twitter, Tiktok, and live events—akin to a millennial and Gen Z version of Rush Limbaugh, the influential right-wing radio host of the 1990s.

You can read the full story here.

Photo: Peter Dasilva/Reuters

Recently, Meta faced allegations from two independent whistleblowers. One group of former and current employees claims that Meta’s virtual reality devices and apps are harming children. Another whistleblower, Attaullah Baig, who previously served as a security officer for Meta and WhatsApp, accuses the company of overlooking significant security and privacy issues within a messaging app, according to The New York Times.

In response to these VR device allegations, Meta spokesperson Dani Lever stated that the company has approved 180 studies related to VR since 2022. “Some of these examples are stitched together to fit a particular narrative and misrepresent the truth,” she asserted. Meta also emphasized having implemented features in its VR products to limit unwanted interactions and provide parental supervision tools.

Skip past newsletter promotions

One of the first whistleblowers, Sophie Chang, brought her findings to the Guardian in 2021. She documented how Facebook facilitated political manipulation across over 25 countries. Later that same year, Frances Haugen shared with the Wall Street Journal documentation examining various allegations made by Zhang, revealing Facebook’s awareness of the harm its social media apps posed to teenagers.

In 2023, Arturo Bejard also provided evidence to the Wall Street Journal, providing further proof that Meta recognized how Facebook and Instagram algorithms directed content to teenagers that amplified bullying, substance abuse, eating disorders, and self-harm.

This year alone, eight additional whistleblowers have stepped forward. Baig, alongside a group of six former employees, came forward last week.

U.S. lawmakers are taking these allegations seriously. Politicians such as Missouri Republican Sen. Josh Hawley and Connecticut Democrat Richard Blumenthal have expressed urgency in regulating Meta and other social media platforms.

“The revelations from these disclosures exhibit such significant risks to safety that it’s troubling. It shows that Meta is intentionally distorting the truth about abuse on the platform. ‘See no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil’ is more than just a business philosophy—it’s a troubling narrative,” stated Blumenthal, who also mentioned that he and other senators are eager to advocate for “long-overdue reforms.”

Wider technology

Source: www.theguardian.com

Navigating Silicon Valley Culture Shock: Nick Clegg on His Experience at the MMA Gym with a Lieutenant

I am not a product of Silicon Valley. I never pursued computer science and have never coded. My career hasn’t revolved around the discussions or sciences of technological progress. In 2018, I transitioned to Facebook Meta from the British and European political sphere, uncertain of what lay ahead.

As a Brit, the immense scale of America does not shock me. The distance from the power hubs on the East Coast feels significant when you first arrive in Northern California. It’s not merely 3,000 miles from Washington, DC, or New York; a 3-hour time difference creates a temporal dissonance. By the time the West Coast rises, the East has already moved on with its news agenda. Europe’s major events happen the night before. It feels isolated here. It’s understandable why those wishing to distance themselves from the scrutiny of the corporate world find refuge in this area. It serves as a natural haven for idealists daring to challenge the status quo.

There’s an alluring aspect to Silicon Valley, a place where affirmation flourishes. It draws in innovative minds brimming with creativity. Aspirations know no boundaries. Obstacles transform into opportunities, and every vibrant day could yield extraordinary breakthroughs. Anyone can conceive ideas that might revolutionize the world and amass wealth. However, it also functions as an industrial-scale breeding ground, predominantly for a certain male-centric environment—where assertive men and capable women must constantly vie for recognition. This ecosystem, which ideally serves new ideas, often distracts from the lives of average individuals. The wealth in this environment can create a disconnect from their everyday struggles, allowing an idealism that often overlooks harsh realities.

Upon my arrival at Facebook, the company was undergoing turmoil. Many employees were active during a time when their reputation diverged significantly from its former self. It was once an exhilarating ideal, spearheaded by a youthful genius with a remarkable mission, rapidly generating revenue while connecting the globe. Transforming from a group of rising stars to the public’s enemy was a cultural shock I was scarcely prepared for. It drew parallels to the Liberal Democrats in coalition government—a collective of idealists striving for change, leaving me bewildered as to why they were viewed unfavorably.


oThe most profound culture shock I faced in Silicon Valley had little to do with transatlantic differences. Since commencing my university journey in the mid-1980s, my path to success relied heavily on the power of words. At its core, politics embodies the contest of diverse narratives defining how things ought to be—liberalism, socialism, conservatism, fascism—all stories providing varying perspectives, analyses of problems, and proposed solutions. Winning an election hinges on how many resonate with your narrative about opponents’ affairs and visions.

Yet, Silicon Valley is populated with individuals viewing the world from a different lens: engineers. They navigate a realm of facts and processes. An engineer’s objective is to identify and solve issues, then move to the next challenge. They reside in a universe punctuated with acronyms, crafting a lexicon that feels akin to an exercise in boiling conversations down to their essence. Upon my arrival, I found myself immersed in XFNS, STOS, and FOAS, where every roadmap demanded a playbook, every community belonged to an ecosystem, and every topic was either TL;DR or worthy of deep dives. Everything—absolutely everything—needed quantification. In an early meeting, a senior engineer queried the likelihood of ‘government X’ passing law Y. I chuckled, believing it to be a jest. The notion of summarizing political processes into a pseudo-science seemed absurd. He didn’t laugh. When I retorted with “oh, maybe 23.67%,” he nodded earnestly. From that moment, I learned that persuasive narratives lacked weight without data points supporting every argument and evaluating potential outcomes. This realization grounded me. While science holds value, a systematic approach to problem-solving sharpens clarity in decision-making.




“He may be the most competitive person I’ve ever met”: with Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg in April 2019. Photo: Niall Carson/PA

However, this perspective can also be reductive. It commodifies everything, stripping away nuances, instincts, and humanity. Conversations about data with engineers often resembled how carpenters discuss wood. This reflects a broader cultural shift in privacy and data protection expectations shaped by regulation, but the reliance on logic over emotion and intuition reveals why Silicon Valley sometimes seems insensitive to the concerns of those beyond its colorful campus.

I might not be the typical figure you envision in Silicon Valley. My career has revolved around suits and ties, not hoodies or flip-flops. Faced with the flood of brightly colored, quirky posters decorating Facebook’s vibrant MPK campus (a nickname for Menlo Park), my initial impulse was to respond in a very British fashion with gentle sarcasm. During one of my first meetings with a recent team, a poster boldly proclaimed a common Silicon Valley mantra. Trying to break the ice, I quipped, “Don’t bring your real self to work. If I present my real self, you won’t like it. Just bring your inauthentic self between 9 to 5, then return home and revert to your true self.” The room fell silent. One team member later approached me, visibly embarrassed, explaining that the statement resonated uncomfortably with them. At that moment, I realized I wasn’t in Kansas anymore.

Skip past newsletter promotions

While Mark Zuckerberg is often recognized as a visionary leader, two attributes stand out: his boundless curiosity and fierce competitiveness. Many who achieve early success tend to stagnate, lost in their own triumphs. In contrast, Mark displays humility, drive, and a continuous thirst for knowledge. If he feels uninformed, he passionately immerses himself in learning, absorbing every bit of wisdom related to the topic. He contemplates deeply and evaluates every angle. And no one—truly no one—can hold silence like Mark. I tend to fill awkward silences with chatter, but Mark allows it to linger, often to an unbearable extent. Yet, when he does speak, his words are always profoundly considered. While he might embody an engineer’s rational mindset—absent of emotions—this should not be misconstrued as a lack of depth or curiosity; it’s precisely the opposite.

Simultaneously, he is perhaps the most competitive individual I’ve ever encountered; I say this as someone seasoned in frontline politics and who has encountered numerous competitive personalities throughout my time in the UK private school system.

This competitive spirit manifests in his passion for Mixed Martial Arts (MMA). He’s an avid UFC enthusiast and approaches his training with utmost seriousness. His involvement in MMA had to be disclosed to investors due to its potential business implications. Once characterized in the public eye as a geeky figure two decades ago, he has indisputably become quite muscular. Just ask Elon Musk, who, after challenging Mark to an MMA bout, made various excuses to avoid actually stepping into the ring with him. Mark’s commitment to MMA is so profound that he insisted during an offsite management day that some of his senior executives join him for training sessions at his personal gym. Everyone partnered up to practice techniques under the guidance of Mark’s professional instructors. Consequently, I found myself wrestling with my then-direct report, Joel Kaplan. This engagement sometimes felt overly intimate as we awkwardly navigated moves that established an entirely new level of corporate bonding.

Joel later humorously admitted he considered reporting it to the then-HR Director Lori Gaul, but when he looked for her, he found her in a chokehold from Mark Zuckerberg. Surviving that challenge meant that Joel left Meta, armed with a peculiar yet robust shared experience that fortified our collaboration in global business operations.

Here is an excerpt edited from How to Save the Internet by Nick Clegg, published by Bodley Head For £25. To support the Guardian, order a copy from GuardianBookshop.com. Shipping charges may apply.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Considering an Open Relationship? Skip This Reddit Forum | Culture

It all began with the unusual appearance of Elon Musk’s eyes.

In May, the president’s loyal companion looked visibly distressed while in the Oval Office. He laughed it off, attributing it to an incident with his five-year-old.

There were various theories circulating online. A wave of largely unverified speculation started to emerge, suspicious— and I must emphasize the word “suspected”— involving Musk; Trump’s deputy chief of staff, Stephen Miller; and his wife, political advisor Katie Miller. The Democrats posted an empty hotel room chair, signaling the infamous concept of cuckoldry.




Musk says the injuries to his eyes were a result of playing with his son – Video


I’m not alone in taking a twisted pleasure from other people’s relationship troubles. Subreddits like R/Relationships and R/AmitheasShole have become staples for viral posts, resembling portable soap operas or sitcoms, but with a certain spicy authenticity.


The saga involving Musk led me to R/Openmarriageregret, which reposts threads from the polyamory board for mining and warning stories about open relationships. These experiences suggest that juggling multiple relationships can twist us into unfamiliar shapes and potentially tear us apart.

The page opens with a tranquil introduction: “Life is about choices. Some people may regret theirs, while others take pride in them.”

It’s all very much a “don’t try this at home” scenario, intended for educational purposes.

Many posts unfold as you’d expect: a man pressures his wife for an open relationship, only to be stunned when he learns she’s sought after, while he feels like sexual kryptonite. But it can get even murkier.

One user wonders if it’s improper to “leave our honeymoon after my husband and his boyfriend kept abandoning me and my girlfriend.”

Another details a more contemporary sorrow: “My husband is keen on an open marriage to accommodate his AI girlfriend, claiming it’s the next step for them.” She describes him being increasingly distant, spending excessive time on his phone, smiling to himself, and retreating into his home office. He eventually hints at something significant.

No, it’s much worse. The user continues, “He expressed his desire to deepen the relationship with her,” which entails introducing AI to their children. “How am I supposed to remain married to someone who’s emotionally invested in a chatbot?”

In the comments, some share experiences of being enchanted by a simulation of a woman whose male partners don’t engage with him and are programmed to agree with everything he says.

The voyeurism in this group arises from two places: the related dramas are undeniably captivating, but so too is the way participants discuss these real-life scenarios. While commenters bring their own biases, they might not realize they’re entangled in the drama as well. The group’s members often subscribe to a single theme: individuals in open relationships crave novelty and attention, rendering the actual partner functionally irrelevant.


Naturally, theories don’t necessarily hold water. As long as alternatives continue to gain popularity, successful open relationships have existed for decades. Members in the group often move their irony forward, even in the presence of misinformation. “I really don’t know anyone in an open relationship or marriage,” admits one top commenter.

I recognize I’m complicit in what may be a somewhat unstable investment in this group. Yet, I can’t turn away. Who are these commenters? Who will experience heartache? Why are they so invested in the romantic troubles of others, their unraveling marriages? Why am I? The emotional thrill of gossip is undeniable; even typically humorous Democrats seem to thrive on it.

So let’s cast malice aside: I genuinely hope that the Musk-Miller situation resolves favorably. Claiming they belong together may indeed hold some truth!

Source: www.theguardian.com

Celebrating Queer Black Joy: TikTok Creators Quiz Pop Stars and Politicians on LGBTQ+ Culture

ANania Williams is Genress, known to some for their comedic TikTok videos and to others as the host of Gader, a viral show focusing on queer culture, history, and current events. Their interview with New York City mayoral candidate Zoran Mamdani gained significant attention, and Williams has also made an impact through performance art, including open icons like Chapel Lawn and Bob the Drug Queen, and various roles in musical theatre such as Laura in Kinky Boots and Dominique in Lucky Stiff.

For years, Williams has crafted a creative universe all their own. At just 25, this gender non-conforming Black artist employs their/her pronouns and has cultivated a strong social media presence with over 2.8 million followers. They are carving a niche for themselves outside the traditional binary. In their upcoming project, Williams will star in the new musical Saturday Church at the New York Theatre Workshop, debuting on August 27th. The production explores the sanctuary for LGBTQ+ youth. “It’s a musical that captures a unique atmosphere,” Williams remarked. “It embodies a strange, black joy and conveys a beautiful message.”

Williams embraces another role in their burgeoning theatre career as a trans woman. “The more I embraced my transition, the more positive I felt,” they shared. “It was empowering to inhabit spaces where I could truly be myself.” Their talent and charisma make their ascent seem almost predestined. As they juggle various projects, navigating their extensive future and the complexities of being an online presence remains an ongoing challenge.

Growing Up

Growing up in Davenport, Iowa, a town of about 100,000 in the industrial Midwest, posed its own challenges for Williams. They faced bullying at school for “having a girl’s name,” and their family life was marked by turbulence, including abuse and neglect. However, life in the Midwest also planted the seeds for their artistic aspirations. As a child, they sang in the church choir and later joined the show choir, inspired by their sister.

Williams pursued a Musical Theatre Program at Emerson College in Boston. This period became pivotal, allowing them to reflect on their identity and desires. Still, the world of musical theatre presented its own binaries and constraints. As someone who identifies outside traditional gender norms and as a Black individual, Williams felt restricted. “I thought, ‘It feels forbidden to exist beyond the gender binary,’ and simultaneously to be Black,” Williams recalled.


Even as Williams sought to carve their path, they encountered resistance from professors. “They kept questioning why I gravitated toward ‘girl’s songs.’ I tried to explain, but it fell flat,” Williams shared.

When the COVID-19 pandemic struck, Williams returned to their hometown and, like many, awaited a return to normalcy. The quarantine period prompted significant reflection and helped them fully acknowledge their gender identity. “I had to confront some truths, like, ‘Yes, I’m different. Yes, I might be gender non-conforming.’ It spiraled from there,” they recounted.

Around the same time, they began creating content on TikTok, quickly gaining recognition for their humorous rants during late-night walks. Much of their content served as spontaneous commentary on topics including religion and personal relationships. In 2022, they began discussing their gender identity more openly, sharing videos about their makeup and drag routines.

Reflecting on that time evokes mixed emotions for Williams. On one hand, they cherish the growth they experienced alongside a loyal audience. “My audience has been with me through my evolution,” they expressed. “They watched me put on makeup for the first time or try on my first wig. Those supporters motivate me to continue, even as I sometimes wish to revert to the earlier version of myself.”

The Rise of Gader

The nature of their content has continually evolved. In 2024, Williams became the host of Gader, a show created by Amelia Montooth on the company’s mutual media platform. The show quizzes various guests on queer culture to determine if they exhibit “straight, homophobic” tendencies, with questions about “lipstick lesbians” that assess guest knowledge of gay icons. In many instances, Williams learns alongside participants in real time. “I didn’t even know who Sue Bird was, and I was being schooled by the lesbians on the street.”

The show creates a comedic environment intended to educate audiences. “We weave fascinating histories and cultures into accessible questions and snippets, ensuring a relaxed atmosphere for learning,” Williams explained. “We provide facts and context, urging viewers to care about these narratives.”

Initially, early versions of the show featured Williams interacting with strangers on the street, but it has since hosted many public figures and celebrities, including Vivienne Jenna Wilson, the daughter of singer Lucy Dux, Rene Rapp, and billionaire Elon Musk. A highlight was having progressive NYC mayoral candidate Mamdani as one of their guests, who generated buzz as one of the first politicians to appear on the show. Mamdani surprised attendees by succeeding in a challenge at a popular lesbian bar in Manhattan.

“He was so open and engaging throughout,” Williams noted. “We educated the younger audience about who he is, and he spoke about his vision,” they added. “It feels rewarding to contribute to the contemporary discourse in this way, knowing we’re making an impact.”

Williams’ journey hasn’t been without challenges, facing harsh criticism as they have become more vocal about their transition. “People are trying to categorize aspects like fashion, makeup, and hair, as if I must adhere to certain stereotypes,” Williams said, referring to online trolls. “While I hope society is becoming more accustomed to the presence of trans individuals, I feel there’s still a narrow, stereotypical vision of what trans identities should look like.”

Yet, Williams has managed to maintain genuine connections, alongside the trials of their journey. They are supported by family and childhood friends, a partner, and acquaintances from TikTok. Outside content creation, they indulge in hobbies like baking and gaming, steering clear of the pressures to monetize their life. “I was working on a birthday cake for a friend later that night,” Williams laughed. “I can recall the color but not the flavor—either red velvet or strawberry!”

Source: www.theguardian.com

The Neanderthal Community Cultivated a Unique Food Culture

Depiction of a Neanderthal group engaged in food preparation

Luis Montagna/Marta Montagna/Science Photo Library

Neanderthals likely developed distinct food preparation traditions that varied between groups. Excavations at two caves in what is now northern Israel indicate that these ancient inhabitants had unique methods for processing similar types of prey.

Contrary to popular belief, Homo sapiens were not the first to prepare and cook food. Evidence shows that Neanderthals, who thrived in Europe and Asia until approximately 40,000 years ago, hunted, cooked a diverse array of animals, and employed flint tools to enhance their meals with wild herbs.

For further insights into Neanderthal cuisine, see Analle Jaron from Hebrew University in Jerusalem and her team, who investigated findings at the Amdo and Kebara caves.

Located merely 70 km apart, these sites provide a unique lens through which to examine cultural differences among Neanderthals. The stone tools, remnants of food, and hearths uncovered at both locations suggest that these groups occupied the caves concurrently, possibly during winter months.

As Jaron remarks, “The same animal species were being hunted, set against a similar landscape. The weather conditions were alike, and both Neanderthal groups primarily feasted on gazelles and some fallow deer.”

However, notable differences were also present. For instance, bone evidence indicates that larger prey was favored in the Kebara cave, where more substantial animals were brought in and processed.

Jaron and her colleagues utilized microscopic analysis to study bone remnants from the sediments dated between 50,000 and 60,000 years ago, examining cut marks made by stone tools.

They discovered that while the flint tools were similar across both sites, the patterns of cut marks varied. “The cuts in Kebara displayed a greater fluctuation in width and depth, while in Amdo, they were concentrated in large clusters, often overlapping,” Jaron explains.

To determine whether these discrepancies influenced hunting practices, the researchers focused on the long bones of gazelles from both sites, which exhibited similar variations.

“We’re discussing two groups living in close proximity that both butchered the same type of meat, but it appears that at one site, the meat was processed closer to the bones.” says Ceren Kabukcu from the University of Liverpool, UK.

Past studies examining bone cut marks from later human societies indicate that the variations observed in Neanderthal butchery are not merely due to a lack of skills or difference in technique. It’s not a matter of expertise; it’s a difference in approach.

Jaron posits that these contrasts are likely a result of intentional choices regarding butchering methods. She suggests that Neanderthals in Amdo may have preferred to prepare their meat in ways that preserved it, such as drying or hanging before cooking.

“In the context of opportunistic behavior in slaughtering, one would expect the most efficient methods to be employed to maximize utility; nevertheless, it appears that cultural or social factors played a more significant role,” Jaron states. “This might relate to the group’s practices, passed down through learning and generations.”

“The existence of differences and the subtlety in technological usage in daily life isn’t entirely surprising,” notes Kabukcu. “As research deepens, we may uncover more nuances across various Paleolithic sites, even in China.”

It remains uncertain whether the caves were inhabited simultaneously or if different groups intermingled. “They could have been occupied at the same time or separated by hundreds of years. There’s no definitive way to ascertain that,” Jaron adds.

Nonetheless, she points out that the pronounced clustering of cut marks in Amdo is consistent across both the oldest and youngest sediment layers, suggesting that groups returning to the cave may have maintained similar butchering practices over centuries.

Source: www.newscientist.com

What If Jesus Were a Blogger? Exploring AI-Driven Bible Stories on Social Media | Culture

jESUS strolls through the lush green field holding a selfie stick. The initial notes from Billie Eilish’s ethereal tune rise like a prayer. “It’s all good, Besties, this is my choice. Totally a genuine Save Humanity Arc,” he smiles. “Adore it for me,” Jesus playfully tucks Jonathan Van Ness’s hair behind his ears.

We transition to a new scene. He still wields a selfie stick, but now he’s wandering through a gritty town. “So, I told the team I had to die. Peter literally tried to gaslight me. It’s not dramatic, like Baby. This is a prophecy.”

Cut to Jesus at a candlelit feast. “It’s more of a conversation, so here I am in the middle of dinner. Judas couldn’t even hold my gaze,” he shakes his head, then turns to the camera, grinning at his insight. “Such a phony!”

Do you allow Instagram content?

This article contains the content provided by Instagram. You may be using cookies or other technologies, so you will ask for permission before anything is loaded. To view this content, Click “Get permission and continue.”.

Initially, videos of this genre—a retelling of biblical tales through the lens of Americanized video blog culture—may seem bizarre and sacrilegious. However, might they represent a unique synthesis of the Holy Trinity of 2025: AI, influencer culture, and rising conservatism? Are these videos indicative of our era? Do they reflect the concerns of American conservatism? Am I being subtly influenced towards Christianity? Why do these Biblical inspirations feel oddly alluring? Why can’t I look away? What’s happening to my brain?!

My first encounter with these biblical video blogs was while I lounged in bed. When the algorithm unveiled Joseph of Nazareth, I momentarily halted my endless scrolling. “Whoa, look at that fit! Ancient rock vibes.” I wiped the drool from my chin and took a moment. Although mindlessly scrolling may not usually be a cure for mental fatigue, that day, I felt like Daniel in the lion’s den or Jonah in the whale. My commitment to scrolling brought me a sense of salvation.

Do you allow TikTok content?

This article contains content from TikTok. You may be using cookies or other technologies, and will need to ask for permission before anything is loaded. To view this content, Click “Get permission and continue.”.

In my younger days, I flirted with religion. When my grandparents visited, I would kneel in prayer, attend Bible studies, and socialize with youth groups to meet friends and boys. I had a brief infatuation with Hillsong (I was 13 and just wanted to plan for a Friday night). a) The girl before me screamed, “I’ve been captured by the devil.” And b) I sneaked behind the church curtains to find the teenagers locked in each other’s glances.

My attitudes towards both faithfulness and spirituality have transformed. Now, my spiritual routine consists of exclamations like, “Jesus take the wheel!” or “What a deity!” as I snap photos of church art while traversing Catholic nations, sharing through Instagram later on.

Yet, every night, I find myself scrolling past clothing and dining suggestions while immersing myself in the cultures that birthed them. Vibrator check from last night’s gathering. Then I slide into a video blog Unboxing Trojan horses. Or perhaps a Vox Pop from Easter Monday. Followed by a series of street reactions David defeats Goliath. Something totally fascinating.

Do you allow TikTok content?

This article contains content from TikTok. You may be using cookies or other technologies, and will need to ask for permission before anything is loaded. To view this content, Click “Get permission and continue.”.

Recently, I came clean to a friend about my obsession. I was evangelizing to a fellow enthusiast. She mentioned that Jesus resembled the first influencer and that Mary and Joseph embodied the archetypal toxic vlog parents. If Judas were alive today, he would upload lengthy unedited rants on YouTube.

Momentarily, I ponder the environmental ramifications. How much water was used for Mary’s perfect dab? What resources were consumed so AI Jesus could jokingly narrate a tutorial on wine making? And how long have we been off-planet? Hold on! Shhh, the next video starts.

Adam is now seated in a podcast studio, headphones on, microphone positioned, dressed informally with leaf-patterned fabric. “So, God creates me? Boom. The first man, the parents, nothing. I… ‘Ah… I’m literally going to be everyone’s dad! When they split up, I’ll ensure they clash endlessly. Another! Another! Another! Another!”

Source: www.theguardian.com