Former UK Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne, joins Coinbase amid legal battle in US | Cryptocurrency firm faces legal challenges

George Osborne has been hired by Coinbase, a U.S. cryptocurrency exchange operator that is facing an intense legal battle with U.S. regulators.

The San Francisco-based company announced Wednesday that it has appointed the former British Prime Minister to its advisory board and will “lean on his insight and experience as we grow Coinbase around the world.”

Mr. Osborne’s appointment will be to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). suing coinbase, accused it of acting as an intermediary in cryptocurrency transactions while circumventing disclosure requirements meant to protect investors. The company disputes this claim and is fighting it in court.

This is the latest in a series of high-paying jobs Mr Osborne has held since leaving government in 2016. At one point, Mr Osborne had nine jobs, ranging from newspaper editing and financial management to providing guidance and advice to the government on leveling the North of England.

Osborne left some of his work behind when he joined boutique investment banking advisor Robbie Warshaw as a partner in 2021. Mr Osborne last year collected part of his £28m remuneration for his work at the company. His salary at Coinbase has not been disclosed.

“There is a tremendous amount of exciting innovation happening in the financial industry right now,” Osborn said of his appointment to Coinbase. “Blockchain is transforming financial markets and online transactions. Coinbase is at the forefront of these developments. I look forward to working with the team as we build a new future for financial services.”

Faryar Shirzad, Chief Policy Officer at Coinbase, said: “We are delighted to welcome George to our Board at an exciting time for us both in the UK and globally.”
“George has extensive experience in business, journalism, and government. We look forward to relying on his insight and experience as we grow Coinbase around the world.”

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Osborne’s other current jobs include: Chairman of the Northern Powerhouse Partnership. Chair of the British Museum. “Distinguished Visiting Scholar” at the Hoover Institution. He is a visiting professor at Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business, where he teaches a course on decision making. He is chairman of Lingotto Investment Management, the $3 billion investment fund of Italy’s billionaire Agnelli family’s Exor Group, which owns large stakes in Juventus FC, The Economist and Ferrari.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Alphabet’s high profits overshadowed by advertising recession, leading to decline in Google investor confidence

Alphabet shares experienced a more than 5% drop in after-hours trading on Tuesday due to the tech giant’s shortfall in key advertising sectors, despite narrowly surpassing overall revenue estimates for the fourth quarter of 2023.

Google’s parent company disclosed that advertising revenue fell short of forecasts at $65.52 billion compared to $65.8 billion, but the overall revenue exceeded expectations at $86.31 billion versus $85.36 billion. This marked a 13% increase from the previous year.

The chief financial officer of Alphabet described the company’s results as “very strong,” emphasizing the surpassing of overall revenue expectations. “We remain committed to permanently restructuring our cost base while making investments to support growth opportunities,” she stated.

The response to the report was subdued after Google’s parent company laid off 1,000 employees in January. CEO Sundar Pichai announced at the end of the month that the company will refocus on “investing in key priorities,” particularly in the artificial intelligence elements integrated into Google’s flagship products, in 2024, and hinted at further job cuts.

Investors expressed encouragement Analysts believe that the recent job cuts may reflect prudent cost-cutting efforts amidst rising interest rates. However, the impact of the layoffs is evident, with Porat stating that severance pay in the first quarter of 2024 is expected to be $700 million. Alphabet recorded $2.1 billion in severance-related expenses and $1.8 billion in severance-related expenses in 2023, freeing up office space.


Despite the overall advertising downturn, Alphabet announced that YouTube ad revenue reached $9.2 billion, exceeding analysts’ predicted $9.16 billion and a significant increase from the same period in 2022.

CEO Sundar Pichai, in a statement accompanying the earnings call, expressed Alphabet’s pleasure with “the growing contribution from YouTube.” He also highlighted the company’s digital subscription services, including YouTube and cloud storage service Google One, achieving $15 billion annually.

“The significant growth in our subscription revenue over the past few years demonstrates the ability of our team to deliver high value-added services and provides a strong foundation on which to build,” he stated. Ta.

Like many other companies in the technology industry, Alphabet is aiming to take advantage of the AI ​​boom, with the mention of the word “AI” occurring more than 70 times in Tuesday’s earnings call. Pichai outlined the company’s plans to integrate its new AI model Gemini across various products, including search, advertising, and cloud.

Alphabet’s emphasis on AI comes as the company seeks to diversify its revenue streams. Its core search advertising business has stalled, and it faces growing antitrust litigation threats. The US Department of Justice filed a lawsuit against Google, alleging a monopoly on digital advertising technology. A judge’s ruling in January confirmed that the company will be forced to stand trial for charges brought by multiple states regarding advertising market dominance. The company also faced an antitrust case last year related to its dealings with other technology companies, including payments to Apple of about $18 billion annually to keep Safari’s default search engine.

“Google could have its toughest year yet as antitrust threats loom and the death knell sounds for third-party cookies,” stated Evelyn Mitchell Wolf, a senior analyst at Insider Intelligence. “We need to prepare ourselves for the possibility that something may happen.”

Source: www.theguardian.com

QRDO Foundation and EQ LAB Join Forces to Introduce Warden Protocol – Latest Blockchain Updates, Insights, and Opportunities

Cayman Islands, Cayman Islands, January 31, 2024, Chainwire

QRDO Foundation, dedicated to the growth and development of the QRDO ecosystem, announced a strategic partnership with EQ LAB, a leading blockchain development lab, to launch Warden Protocol. This effort will accelerate the upcoming launch of Warden Protocol, an intent-based interoperability protocol built on Cosmos and based on Fusionchain primitives.

Introducing the Warden Protocol

of warden protocol is a modular intent-centric blockchain built on Cosmos-SDK. At the most basic level, it allows users to create spaces and wallets on various blockchains and manage their activities through on-chain intents. Complex multi-leg transactions can be constructed, and cross-chain activity is protected by complex intents, all enforced on-chain by the Warden protocol.

For builders in this space, Warden enables the deployment of smart contracts into Cosmos using Solidity and WebAssembly, facilitating a modular marketplace of leading management solutions ranging from HSM solutions to multiparty computing providers.

QRDO Foundation representatives said: “The Warden protocol is the next evolution in intent and interoperability primitives. Joining forces with the EQ LAB team will help us achieve this ambitious vision, and QRDO token ownership “This will ensure that people can truly experience fulfillment.” A decentralized, open, intent-centric interoperability and key management protocol. ”

A variety of applications have committed to support deployment on Warden, including:

  • EQ.FinanceCosmos' liquid staking hub that powers existing liquid staking tokens.
  • WARDD is a decentralized stablecoin pegged to the US dollar that provides Warden users with instant access to dollar liquidity.
  • slightly, a pluggable protocol for decentralized capital pools that enables margin trading on any spot DEX.and
  • SpaceWard is a SAFE-like platform for wallet management and governance.

EQ LAB forms the core contributor team for Warden Protocol and brings an extensive team of 15 core developers to Warden Protocol.

EQ LAB Founder Alex Melikhov said: “We are very happy to contribute to the establishment of the Warden Protocol as a core contributor.As an experienced team of qualified blockchain developers, I We see a bright future in the Cosmos ecosystem and look forward to unlocking incredible value for both the existing QRDO community and the community of Q token holders.”

word token

Warden Protocol plans to introduce the WARD token through a fair initiation mechanism. The launch will take place without any pre-mining or investor allocation, and will initially extend eligibility for both airdrops and incentivized WARD swaps to existing QRDO holders. As a tribute to the public good performed by various other Cosmos chains, not only TIA and ATOM stakers are eligible, but also builders and users of other free protocols and chains. Further details will be announced soon.

The Alfama testnet will go live in the coming weeks, and details about the incentivized testnet will be published soon.

contact address

warden protocol

Warden Protocol is a new modular, intent-based blockchain based on CosmosSDK that enables users and builders to explore and build cross-chains securely.

pr@wardenprotocol.org

www.wardenprotocol.org

About EQ LAB

EQ LAB is an experienced software engineering house specializing in permissionless applications and protocols, serving as a technology partner for numerous projects on Cosmos, Ethereum, Arbitrum, Polkadot, and other blockchain platforms.

hello@eqlab.io

www.eqlab.io

About QRDO Foundation

The QRDO Foundation was created to focus on accelerating the adoption of open custody, security, and interoperability protocols and fostering the value of the QRDO ecosystem.

contact

PR team
QRDO Foundation
pr@qrdo.org

Source: the-blockchain.com

Amidst wartime, the Ukrainian RPG Stalker 2 is more than just a game

a400 employees of GSC Game World, the creator of the hit video game “Stalker,” gathered in its Kiev office in January 2022, most of them in front of a strange bus parked around the corner. I didn't even notice it. As tensions with our neighbors across the border rise, those heading to their offices covered in frost feel like this: largely usually. routine. Or so they told themselves. As whispers of war spread throughout the country, constant reassurances from business partners and President Zelenskiy made it seem foolish to worry. They were told that life would continue as usual.

After a few weeks, their fears were no longer so foolish. On February 24, 2022, at 4 a.m. local time, Russian forces crossed the border and invaded Ukraine from the north, east, and south, shelling more than a dozen cities and killing 40 Ukrainian soldiers in 24 hours. . The bombs fell hard and fast, destroying a building less than a mile from the GSC offices. Fortunately, those eerie blackout buses had sprung into action a week earlier, taking more than 200 GSC employees and their families to the Ukrainian border town of Uzhgorod.

“We were preparing for the next [the war] About a month and a half,” says Evgeny Grigorovich, game director and CEO of GSC Game World. “The drivers were sitting there 24 hours a day, every day, and no one noticed.”

“This game can reach a lot of people and show that Ukraine makes world-leading products.”…Stalker 2: In the Heart of Chernobyl. Photo: GSC Game World

Although he still received assurances that Russia would not invade, Grigorovich's guts were screaming at him to flee. “One day, we had a big meeting and told the teams that we believed there was a very good chance that war would break out, and that they and their families could go. [across the border] If they want. It's hard to make this decision when almost everyone says it's okay. do not worry. 'But we didn't want to put our team at risk. We weren't worried about business or what was going on in the game. They had to save as many people as possible. ”

For the past 13 years, GSC has been hard at work developing the globally anticipated direct sequel to the 2007 cult classic Stalker: Shadow of Chernobyl, which sold 4 million copies. The game is an apocalyptic survival game set in the aftermath of his second Chernobyl disaster in war-torn Ukraine. This is an alternate history, but one that is distressingly close to reality for Ukrainians. In March 2022, Russian forces captured the still-occupied Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, raising very real concerns about a nuclear disaster related to the fighting. GSC's fiction was beginning to blur with reality.

“It's better to be there than at home”…GSC Game World's new office in Prague. Photo: GSC Game World

GSC is relocating around 700 people, including their families, and the final paperwork was completed just one day before Russian forces entered the ground. He was only allowed one suitcase per family, and it only took him three hours to get important technology out of the office, so he had little time to figure out what was going on. One of her members on the human resources team gave birth during the active phase of the invasion, and other staff members were already grieving loved ones who had died before reaching their destination. “Fortunately, we had the opportunity to start moving before the war started. But we didn't expect everything to be so cruel and so tough.”

It is estimated that more than 500,000 people have been killed or injured since the war began. The bloody conflict shows no signs of abating, with 170 GSC employees remaining in Ukraine.

Some people were in the position of joining the army and standing on the front lines when the war started. And that's what they did. They immediately began defending our country. We pay them because they are still our employees and their military salary is not enough to cover everything. We are still helping them as much as we can. ”

One of the first to go to the forefront was Volodymyr Yezhov, the series' long-time designer. Yezhov, who was serving as a volunteer in the UVO company, was killed in action on December 22, 2022, during a battle near Bakhmut.

“It's impossible to imagine,” says Grigorovich, shaking his head. “Your friends say they will stay in your country to fight the war, but some of their friends died there. This war should not exist.”

Like many Ukrainians, GSC workers are forced to accept this pain as part of their daily lives. Some developers replaced their keyboards with Kalashnikovs, while others continued to work on his Stalker 2 remotely from GSC's Kiev office or from all over Ukraine. For those still in Kiev, offices have become a haven.

“It's really difficult to make games during a war,” said a member of the GSC team in Prague. Photo: GSC Game World

“We made this a shelter and tried to look as beautiful as possible so that people felt as safe as possible,” Grigorovich said. “They play music, they have guitars, and we have books in there. We have one big floor for a motion capture studio, and we turned it into a kids area. We have mocap equipment. It's so full and so soft that it's now a place to bring toys.

“This winter there was heavy shelling and fighting, and there were frequent power outages. So we built a large generator. Also, the office always has electricity and hot water, so everyone can bring their relatives. We also created a corner, so it’s better to be there than at home.”

It may be hard to understand why these developers continue to code video games in conflict zones, but for many, Stalker 2 is their life's work. After leaving Uzhgorod and taking temporary refuge in Budapest, the departed GSC staff settled in Prague in March 2022. Like many creative companies, the Kiev office had become a second home for many of its employees. Care was therefore taken to ensure that the new Prague headquarters wore a familiar brand and feel, to provide an atmosphere of peace and respite from the horrors of war.

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A symbol of resistance…Stalker 2. Photo: GSC Game World

“At this point, this is more than just a game,” agrees Grigorovich. “It's very important to our people, our nation, our culture. It's good for your country to be known simply because someone attacked you, not for your cool art, technology, or engineering.” No. This game can reach a lot of people and let them know that Ukraine makes world-leading products. I think that's the biggest impact we can have. For artists, It is not always wise to go to the front line with a gun without combat experience. But they can still help in other ways – and we are trying to help our Method. “

To date, Stalker 2's most popular gameplay trailer has been viewed over 2.5 million times. With this visibility, Grigorovich sees an opportunity to help prevent further Russian aggression. “Many of us are dying. Keeping people informed could save us all. Ukraine is actually the largest country in Europe, and this is not a small conflict, it's all It's going to impact people. Yes, we're making games, but it's also our job to bring people back to reality. I see the elephant in the room. There's no elephant. I can't say that because the elephant will just destroy everything there and then it will come to you. You would be foolish to think it will stop.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Physicists’ Discovery Unveils Distribution of Strong Forces Within Protons

The physics of proton gravitational form factors and their understanding in quantum chromodynamics have advanced significantly over the past two decades through both theory and experiment.a new paper inside modern physics review We provide an overview of this progress, highlighting the physical insights revealed by studies of the gravitational form factor and reviewing its interpretation in terms of the mechanical properties of protons.

A 2D representation of the quark contribution to the force distribution within the proton as a function of distance from the proton center. Light gray shading and long arrows indicate areas of stronger force, while dark gray shading and short arrows indicate areas of weaker force. Left panel: Normal force as a function of distance from center. The arrows change size and always point radially outward. Right panel: tangential force as a function of distance from center. The force changes direction and magnitude as indicated by the direction and length of the arrow. The sign of the force changes around 0.4 fm from the proton center. Image credit: Burkert other., doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.95.041002.

“This measurement reveals insight into the environment experienced by the proton's components,” said Volker Burkert, principal investigator at the Jefferson Institute.

“A proton is made up of three quarks held together by a strong force.”

“At its peak, this amounts to more than four tons of force that would have to be applied to the quark to pull it out of the proton.”

“Of course, it is not possible in nature to separate just one quark from a proton because quarks have a property called color.”

“Protons have three colors mixed with quarks, and appear colorless from the outside. This is a requirement for them to exist in the universe.”

“When you try to extract a colored quark from a proton, the energy you invested in separating the quarks is used to create a meson, a pair of colorless quark and antiquark, leaving behind a colorless proton (or neutron).”

“In other words, the number four tons represents the strength of the force inherent in protons.”

The result is only the second of the mechanical properties of the protons to be measured.

Mechanical properties of protons include internal pressure (measured in 2018), mass distribution (physical size), angular momentum, and shear stress (shown here).

This result was made possible by predictions from half a century ago and data from 20 years ago.

In the mid-1960s, nuclear physicists realized that if they could observe how gravity interacted with subatomic particles like protons, such experiments could directly reveal the mechanical properties of protons. It was theorized that

“But at the time, we had no choice. For example, if you compare gravity to electromagnetic forces, there's a difference of 39 orders of magnitude. So it's pretty hopeless, right?” said Latifa El-Adhriri, a staff scientist at the Jefferson Institute. .

This data comes from experiments conducted at the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at the Jefferson Research Institute.

A typical CEBAF experiment involves a high-energy electron interacting with another particle by exchanging a packet of energy and a unit of angular momentum called a virtual photon with the particle. The energy of an electron determines which particles it interacts with in this way and how it reacts.

In the experiment, a high-energy beam of electrons interacting with protons inside a target of liquefied hydrogen gas exerted a much greater force on the protons than the four tons needed to pull out the quark/antiquark pair.

“We have developed a program to study deep virtual Compton scattering,” said Dr. El-Adrili.

“This is where electrons exchange virtual photons with protons.”

“And in the final state, the proton stays the same but recoils, and you actually produce one very high-energy photon, and you also get a scattered electron.”

“At the time we acquired the data, we did not know that beyond the intended 3D imaging with these data, we were also collecting the data needed to access the mechanical properties of the protons.”

“It turns out that this particular process, the highly virtual Compton scattering, may be related to how gravity interacts with matter.”

“A general version of this relationship is stated in Einstein's 1973 textbook on general relativity.gravityWritten by Charles W. Meisner, Kip S. Thorne, and John Archibald Wheeler. ”

“In it, they say, “A massless spin 2 field would give rise to a force indistinguishable from gravity, because a massless spin 2 field would couple with a stress-energy tensor in the same way as a gravitational interaction.'' It is written as 'It is from.'.'.

“Thirty years later, theorist Maxim Polyakov continued this idea and established a theoretical foundation linking deep virtual Compton scattering processes and gravitational interactions.”

“This theoretical breakthrough establishes a relationship between measurements of deep virtual Compton scattering and the gravitational shape factor.”

“And we were able to take advantage of that for the first time and bring out the pressure that we gave during the game.” Nature A paper was published in 2018 and now normal and shear forces are being studied,” Dr. Burkert said.

“A more detailed explanation of the relationship between deep virtual Compton scattering processes and gravitational interactions is provided in a new paper describing the first results obtained from this study.”

_____

V.D. Burkert other. 2023. Colloquium: Gravitational shape factor of protons. Rev.Mod. Physics 95(4):041002; doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.95.041002

Source: www.sci.news

Arabica Coffee Genome Sequenced at Chromosome Scale by Scientists

researchers Genomica Application Laboratory and elsewhere are releasing improved genome assemblies. Arabica coffee (arabica coffee tree)a hybrid of coffee tree and robusta coffee (Coffea genus) contributes to approximately 60% of the world's coffee production.

arabica coffee tree. Image credit: Fadil Askar.

arabica coffee tree derived from interbreeding between modern ancestors Coffea genus and another closely related coffee species, coffee tree.

As a result of this hybridization, arabica coffee treeflavor and its large and complex genome pose challenges to breeding and genetic research.

Some partial genome assemblies arabica coffee tree is currently available, but the mechanisms that generate its genetic diversity are unknown.

Researchers Michele Morgante and Gabriele Di Gaspero and their colleagues at the Istituto di Genomica Appplicata used the latest sequencing technology to generate a more complete genome assembly. arabica coffee treeallowing detailed analysis of its chromosomal structure.

Analysis of the genome, including previously inaccessible regions such as around centromeres, revealed differences in genome structure, function, and evolution contributed by the two ancestral species, particularly in genes involved in caffeine biosynthesis. found.

For this study, they also analyzed the genomes of 174 samples collected from different species within Earth. coffee genus and found a very low level of genetic diversity within it. arabica coffee tree.

Diversity found to be increasing in some regions arabica coffee tree Varieties of specific genomic regions due to two different sources of variation: chromosomal abnormalities and gene segments provided by so-called Timor hybrids. Arabica coffee x Canephora coffee tree A hybrid from East Timor.

This hybrid is the parent line for many modern varieties that combine disease resistance traits. Coffea genus And its unique flavor is arabica coffee tree.

The authors argue that genetic diversity arabica coffee tree Essential for commercial success, this discovery could help develop new coffee varieties with desirable traits, such as disease resistance or different flavor profiles.

“Resequence data from large accession sets reveal low intraspecific diversity at the center of species origin. arabica coffee tree” the authors write in their paper.

“Across a limited number of genomic regions, the diversity of some cultivated genotypes has increased to levels similar to that observed in one of the ancestral species. Coffea genusThis is probably the result of introgression derived from Timor hybrids. ”

“We also found that in addition to very few early exchanges between homologous chromosomes, there are many recent chromosomal abnormalities such as aneuploidies, deletions, duplications, and exchanges.”

“These phenomena are still polymorphic in the germplasm and may be the root cause of genetic variation in such low-variability species.”

of paper Published in this week's magazine nature communications.

_____

S. Scalabrine other. 2024.Chromosome-scale assembly reveals chromosomal abnormalities and exchanges that generate genetic diversity arabica coffee tree germ plasm. Nat Commune 15,463; doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-44449-8

Source: www.sci.news

The Unexpected Advantages of an Asymmetric Face, Body, and Brain

When you look in the mirror, you may notice slight imbalances in your facial features, such as your nose crooked to the left, a wrinkle that only appears under one eye, or your ears slightly higher than the other. .

For centuries, this lack of perfect balance has been thought to detract from our beauty, and there are a number of services aimed at “fixing” it, from photo filters to cosmetic surgery. But asymmetry is built into the human body and brain, and for good reason. Moreover, new research suggests that it has little effect on your appeal to others.

First, lopsided arrangement of our internal organs. For most people, the heart, stomach, and spleen are all on the left side of the spinal cord, and the liver and gallbladder are on the right side. This makes more efficient use of thoracic and abdominal space compared to a structure that aligns all organs to the spine.

Why is the human brain asymmetrical?

What about your brain? Although her two hemispheres may appear to be reflective of each other, corresponding areas on each side have different responsibilities. You will notice the effect this has on your movements. If you're right-handed, it's because the left hemisphere of your brain, which is connected to the right side of your body, is slightly more specialized in controlling the fine muscles of your fingers, increasing your manual dexterity. .

You may be surprised to find that this “lateralization” is seen in many fields…

Source: www.newscientist.com

“Harry Jun’s Top 10 Hilarious Internet Finds” | Comedy

MThe most memorable examples of the internet are the piracy from LimeWire and Kazaa. It felt so cool to download Guido Hatzis albums and Adam Sandler CD rips. some shitty car But I wanted more. A friend warned me that LimeWire has some crazy porn and that I should be careful because I could get into a lot of trouble if I downloaded it stupidly. I hated being patronized. I still do. That’s why I decided the next day to stake my claim and fearlessly pirate a TV show just to brag to my friends.

I snuck into my family computer, opened LimeWire, and searched for a random sitcom starring Ryan Reynolds, Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place. By then I had become an Internet pro, so I only typed the first half of the title. two men and one woman. I clicked on download. Long story short, my friends were right.

The internet is cool, funny, and scary. Here’s a list of other cool, funny, and scary things:

1. K’s Cooking

I’ve never seen anyone cook so badly. Every video is a work of art as well as a treasure trove of comedy. Either Kay is blissfully unaware that she’s a bad cook, or she’s an Andy Kaufman-level comedic genius. It’s another thing to have rice that’s too dry or too sticky, but Kei managed to burn the risotto black. Finally, she lets her son Lee judge her own food, and the way he munches on this risotto makes me chuckle every time.

2. He looks like Bella Ramsey


The more I look at the photo this tweet refers to, the more I laugh. Doesn’t add anything to the social commentary the original image is clearly trying to encourage, but at the same time makes a bit of an impact? In a diagonal sense? i dunno. Let’s not dissect this frog. I think she looks like Bella Ramsey.

3. Graham Barrett


Graham Barrett is a very good character comedian. You can tell he’s spent hundreds of hours with people like the ones he painted. I also love how much effort he puts into these sketches. I have nothing against low-effort, uproarious comedy. I have a lot of friends who have made careers out of it. Please do what you have to do. On the other hand, it’s always great when you come across an account like Barrett’s that is a little bit more exciting, whatever that means.

4. Beebo

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Vivo always makes me laugh. Firstly, he’s a British food influencer and that’s already hilarious. Also, he basically eats the same thing. He’s British, so his meals almost always come with chips. Another thing I like is his catchphrase. He keeps saying, “Make your ______ bigger.” He tries to give props about the country of origin of the food, but is either too broad or just wrong.

For example, he eats any dish with rice and says, “Good luck Asians.” Or you might say “Good luck Asians” while eating Nando’s. My favorite of his catchphrases is, “You know the rules. If you don’t, make sure you know them.” The genius is that Beavo never states the rules, so it’s fun to watch the comments and watch people try to guess the rules. Something like:

Rule 1: Don’t bite. Swallow food quickly.

Rule 2: Ketchup on everything.

Rule 3: No matter what you’re eating, hot chips should be part of your diet.

Rule 4: Make everything bigger.

Anyway, cheer up Beavo and cheer up Asians.

5. Redfern Electrical

John Cruikshank and Luke Smith are at it again. Their mockumentary Redfern Electrical depicts a semi-fictional version of Cruickshank, a stand-up comedian turned electrician. He’s a little thin, but he has a genius plan to make money. Cruikshank has an entertaining and enviable comedic brain and I can’t wait for the next episode.

6. Wheels that are not destiny

www.theguardian.com

Scientists Uncover Four New Emperor Penguin Colonies in Antarctica through Fecal Analysis

Emperor penguins are the largest species of penguin, often weighing around 90 pounds. However, they also have one of the most precarious breeding methods on the planet.

To ensure their chicks leave the nest in the summer, they breed during the coldest months of the year, when temperatures are close to -50 degrees Fahrenheit and Antarctic winds can gust at 190 miles per hour. Male penguins keep their chicks warm by balancing eggs on their feet, and colonies of up to 5,000 penguins huddle together to stay warm, each with their own body temperature. They are said to be walking around with a limp so that they can take turns.

But these animals do all of their breeding on Antarctic sea ice, and last year’s sea ice reached its lowest peak since scientists started measuring it in 1979. Some scientists fear that the decline is now so extreme that it has become an inevitable snowball effect.

If the ice sheet breaks before the emperor penguin colony leaves its chicks, the chicks will fall into the water and die, Fretwell said. That has happened over the past two years, particularly in 2022, with another study by Fretwell published last year showing “complete breeding failure” in all but one of the five known breeding sites.

The new colonies identified by Fretwell are mostly small. They said in a paper published in the journal Antarctic Science that at least some penguins appear to have migrated because of unstable sea ice conditions.

“If the colonies fail, they will move to other areas,” Fretwell told NBC News.

“We spend all this time monitoring these animals and seeing if they can adapt to climate change, but the truth is that penguins ultimately need to adapt. Not us,” Fretwell added. “We need to end our dependence on fossil fuels, not just for penguins, but for all species and ourselves.”

Source: www.nbcnews.com

Bitbot, a new non-custodial Telegram trading bot, raises $300,000 in pre-sale within first 72 hours- Blockchain News, Opinion, TV, Jobs

Within 72 hours of the presale starting on January 17th, Bitbot raised an incredible $300,000.

Bitbot aims to lead the Telegram trading bot market, a fast-growing segment of the trading app market with lifetime trading volume worth $7 billion.

Telegram trading bot allows traders to manage their cryptocurrency trading portfolio within the Telegram app. In practice, this means that an investor who uses Telegram frequently (a significant number of the 800 million active Telegram users) straddles his two applications, the exchange and the Telegram app, to manage his trades. This means that you no longer need to operate with Additionally, the Telegram trading bot offers all the automated trading features found in exchange apps, bringing together the best of two worlds in one seamless package.

Andrew Jacobs, Technical Product Advisor at Bitbot commented: Our mission is to provide individual traders with powerful, institutional-grade tools in a simple and intuitive trading interface backed by robust security. We have a great team and we look forward to driving the evolution of the product and meeting the Bitbot community at his regular AMAs, which will be published on our social channels during the pre-sale period. ”

The Bitbot team aims to move quickly with a relatively small fundraising goal of $4.3 million, and is predicting a rapid pre-sale with prices closing between $0.0100 and $0.0200, with an initial investment before the project is listed. You may be offered 100% return on your home. An additional incentive is the attractive offer that the Bitbot token holder will receive his 50% of the company's profits, distributed as a percentage of his holdings, after its launch this year.

Bitbot (BITBOT) is Official site.

Promoting mass market adoption with Bitbot

Telegram trading bot increases convenience by allowing users to perform the entire trading process within Telegram, the preferred messaging platform for cryptocurrencies, avoiding the often complex user experience associated with exchanges.

While Telegram trading bot trading volumes are impressive, it is clear that there is still a majority share of the pie that is currently dominated by traditional crypto exchanges. Even Bitspay consistently ranks in the top 70 exchanges. CMC, whose volume is similar to all Telegram trading bots combined. The magnitude of the opportunity is clear in terms of potential market share, and it is this kind of potential that is driving the product and development team and Bitbot to deliver a product suitable for mass adoption. .

This is probably one of the problems with Bitbot's competitors. Telegram trading bots can be quite complex and much of their operation relies on user commands. Moreover, many security issues have plagued even the biggest players in the market, which is a sour point for some but could be a very positive advantage for the Bitbot brand.

bitbot tackles both of these issues head-on. First, it eliminates the need for complex commands by providing an intuitive in-app interface that exchange users can instantly recognize.

Second, it offers non-custodial trading. This means a user can integrate her Bitbot with a cold wallet and eliminate the unpleasant need to part with private keys to initiate the bot's powerful automated trading features. This is supported by the brand's partnership with Safe Storage. This is a so far unprecedented product in the Telegram trading bot market and a truly unique and innovative approach focused on institutional level asset security.

This bot offers a myriad of advanced features, from copy trading to automatic sniping, that will appeal to both beginners and advanced traders.

Tokenomics and presale roadmap

As per the project white paperBitbot's pre-sale will run until Q1, with project listings on exchanges appearing in Q2 (which is possible given the current trajectory, unless the pre-sale sells out early).

Allocation details include: 30% reserved for presale, 20% for development team, 14% for marketing, 3% for liquidity, and 2.3% available to community (rewards and (consisting of airdrops), and 10% will be allocated to the Treasury.

The 20% designated to the development team will have a one-year vesting period to ensure long-term commitment from the team.

Bitbot’s impressive journey in the crypto market

Competing trading bots Unibot and Banana Gun quickly rose to prominence, and Unibot’s token price fell $230 Just 3 months after its release. According to a recent study, investors who participated in Unibot's pre-sale reportedly received returns of approximately 200x. CoinDesk article.

Bitbot hopes to follow in their footsteps, and its impressive fundraising was supported by a rapidly growing community. 90,000 followers of X We have over 5,100 members the telegram Within one week of pre-sale announcement. The project is currently already in stage 2, with a token price of $0.011, and only 9,200,000 tokens left before stage 3, when the price increases by 5%.

Bitbot hopes to attract pre-sale investors following the recent acceptance of Bitcoin ETFs and increased trading activity in the crypto market. This has garnered significant social support and has already been featured by prominent crypto publications like his Invezz, which has listed Bitbot in an article. Top cryptocurrencies of 2024.

Bitbot is a new Telegram trading bot that aims to put institutional trading tools into the hands of retail users, allowing them to trade using a variety of advanced features, including sniping and copy trading.

Audited by Solid Proof, Bitbot focuses on security and follows the motto “Your keys to your assets.” To achieve this objective, the project partnered with Knightsafe to deliver the world's first non-custodial Telegram trading bot to reduce risk for trading partners, and enhanced it with anti-MEV and anti-lag technology.

To learn more about Bitbot (BITBOT) users and to purchase, please visit the Bitbot site. Website.

contact

CEO
bitbot
bitbot
pr@bitbot.com

Source: the-blockchain.com

eBay to lay off 1,000 employees in letter to staff from online retailer

eBay, an online retailer, has announced that it will cut around 1,000 roles, which is an estimated 9% of its current workforce. eBay CEO Jamie Iannone stated in a letter to employees, “While we are making progress in line with our strategy, our overall headcount and expenses are outpacing business growth.” He added, “To address this, we are implementing organizational changes to align and integrate certain teams to improve the end-to-end experience and better meet the needs of our customers around the world.”


In addition to the job cuts, the company plans to reduce the number of “in-term” contracts. Iannone added, “alternative workforce.” He also stated that company administrators would notify employees whose roles were “eliminated” and asked all eBay staff to work from home on Wednesday “to ensure space and privacy for conversations.” He added, “We recognize that these actions are not something we take lightly and they impact all eBayers. We must say goodbye to people who have made many important contributions to the eBay community and culture, and this is not an easy task.” Last February, eBay laid off 500 employees, 4% of its workforce worldwide, citing a slowdown in consumer spending for the boom in e-commerce spending during the pandemic.

The number of layoffs within Silicon Valley has accelerated recently, with some of the world’s most prominent technology companies instituting large-scale layoff programs in recent months. A memo sent by Google CEO Sundar Pichai earlier this month warned staff that more job cuts could occur this year as the company looks to increase investment in artificial intelligence. The company will cut its workforce by 12,000 in early 2023. This comes after Mark Zuckerberg’s “meta” revealed in March last year that the company plans to cut 10,000 jobs from a peak of 87,000 employees in 2022. This month, language learning app Duolingo also lost about 10% of its contract employees as part of the company’s move to increase its reliance on AI.

Amazon cut hundreds of jobs across its streaming platform Twitch and its film and TV studio division in the second week of January. In December, music streaming service Spotify announced plans to cut 17% of its workforce, which equates to about 1,500 fewer employees.

According to data, more than 13,000 people have been laid off at 72 companies so far this year, according to layoffs.fyi, which tracks job losses in the tech industry.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Are You Suffering from Text Neck? The Physical Effects of Phone Usage on Our Bodies | Life and Style

E
Earlier this year, a patient came to physical therapist Teresa Marco complaining of neck pain. Marco, who is based in New York City, began the interview as usual, asking a series of questions about lifestyle, habits, and attitude. Soon, a person believed to be the culprit appeared. It was a woman’s cell phone.

Marco, who declined to give her name for privacy reasons, said the woman typically used her phone or tablet with her head down on her lap. “She’s going to be very, very bent over, so it’s going to put a lot of strain on her neck,” Marco said.

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Marco says he often talks to his patients about how to use their phones. “I don’t think people end up coming to physical therapy because they realize they have a problem with their cell phone,” Marco says. But as she solves problems, it often becomes a focus.

While the negative effects on mental health associated with smartphone use are often discussed, the physical effects can also be significant.serious consequences like
Selfie-related injuries and deathscan occur, but chronic problems are much more common, especially in the upper body.
This year is research
Using hospital data, they estimated that between 2011 and 2019, hand and wrist injuries caused by cell phone use nearly doubled, reaching about 7,300 cases per year.

“Like [phone] Carolyn Somerich, director of the Human Factors/Ergonomics/Safety Engineering Laboratory at The Ohio State University, said: These sentiments are not new, but according to a Gallup poll,
Number of people who reported using a smartphone
“Too much” increased from 39% in 2015 to 58% in 2022. He was 84% most likely to feel this way.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Despite its wealth, why is the United States still not as healthy as it should be?

People wait in line to get vaccinated at a COVID-19 vaccination site in Orlando, Florida, United States.

SOPA Image/LightRocket (via Gett)

People in the United States are watching with increasing caution. aging progresses Among Washington, DC's elected leaders, the two current leading candidates for the 2024 presidential election are currently 81 and 77 years old. But the longevity of the leadership stands in sharp contrast to the reality in other parts of the country. Americans are literally dying of disease.

Ten years ago, I led a study. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) This paper is the first to document that the United States has a disadvantage in health and survival among high-income countries.our report The United States has the lowest life expectancy of any country and has been shown to have high rates of morbidity and mortality from dozens of causes. This health and survival deficit has been growing for more than 40 years, affecting men and women, young and old, rich and poor, and of all races and ethnicities.

Average life

Meanwhile, other the study This trend has been confirmed as the life and death situation worsens. Life expectancy in the U.S., after plateauing for several years, had declined for three consecutive years before the global pandemic hit. What followed was devastating. COVID-19 has killed more than 1 million people in the United States and cut life expectancy by an additional two years, twice as much for Hispanics, Blacks, and Native Americans. This was the steepest decline in life expectancy since then. Second World War and nothing comparable happened other wealthy countries.

During the pandemic, Eight Among the 10 main causes of death, the following also increased: maternal and children and youth death. Given these harsh realities, the pressing question is why are Americans so unwell?in new scientist Ten years ago, I realized the reason was simple, yet deceptively complex. That's pretty much it.

Even a casual look at life in America today reveals an incredible situation.The country is entering its third decade of national deaths. opioid epidemic – unleashed by pharmaceutical industry – 110,000 lives were claimed in 2022 alone. And along with drugs, there are also bullets. In 2020 and 2021, Guns killed more American children It is more common among people between the ages of 1 and 17 to die from any other cause.

Circumstances that cause poor health, such as high economic levels inequality and instabilityalong with limited safety net Institutions and social support systems are found in every aspect of life. children and youth In the United States. For over 10 years now, Cross-border comparison The well-being of children and adolescents in wealthy countries shows that children in the United States are worse off than other children in virtually every area measured.

Health insurance

Given the poor health status of Americans, this country needs a reliable health care system. However, the United States is well known for being one of the most complex and fragmented nations. expensive medical system world.largely 30 million the american people No health insuranceAnd for millions of others, quality, affordable, and accessible health care is simply out of reach or effectively not available.

The final feature of the U.S. situation is one of its most important factors: systemic racism and the injustices that accompany it. In 2021, Average life For Asian Americans it was 84 years, for Hispanic Americans it was 78 years, for white Americans it was 77 years, for black Americans it was 72 years, and for Native Americans it was 67 years. native community They have long experienced some of the most severe health inequalities in this country, a direct reflection of the cumulative violence, trauma, and injustice inflicted on them over generations. . It is difficult to overstate the impact of racism in the United States today.

If health is wealth, then the United States is far from being the rich and powerful country many imagine.other countries will do well too do not have They will follow the Americans down this deadly path. And the United States should consider the many ways other industrialized democracies are achieving far better and more equitable health outcomes at far lower costs.

A longer version of this article was first published in German at Der Pragmaticus Verlag AG.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Apple’s Revolutionary Computer: A Game Changer for the World, for Better or Worse

On Sunday, January 22, 1984, the Los Angeles Raiders defeated the Washington Redskins 38-9 in Super Bowl XVIII. With the exception of a few older Raiders fans, we all remember him that night 40 years ago with one ad that set the tone for the techno-optimism that would dominate the 21st century. did.

Advertisement showed an auditorium full of zombie-like figures watching a projection of an elderly leader resembling the Emperor from 1980's The Empire Strikes Back. A young, athletic woman wearing red and white (the colors of the flag of Poland, which waged a massive labor uprising against the Soviet-controlled communist state) spins a hammer and frames the face of her leader. He threw it across the screen. As armored police rush in to stop her.


The ad explicitly referenced George Orwell's dystopian novel 1984. Meanwhile, then-President Ronald Reagan began his re-election campaign with the audacity to confront the threat of the totalitarian Soviet Union, increasing the risk of global nuclear annihilation.

That same month, Apple began selling personal computers. This will change the way we think about computing technology in our lives and will lead to many of the ideological changes that will drive the 21st century. In many ways, the long 21st century began 40 years ago this week for him.

From a garage-based startup in Cupertino, California, we have steadily grown to where we are today. The most valuable company in the history of the world, Apple has changed the way we experience culture and each other. While not the only force to do so, if you look at other ruling forces that left their mark in 1984, such as Reagan, Apple is a key player in how we view and govern ourselves over the next 40 years. It was part of a larger change. Years later, it still impacts daily life in ways few could have imagined at the time.

Before the Macintosh debuted, Apple created high-quality computers like the Apple II (1979) that ran programs using the standard operating system at the time, the Apple Disc Operating System (which was similar to the Apple Disc Operating System). was highly regarded among computer enthusiasts for producing innovative desktop computers. MS-DOS was provided by a small then-starting company called Microsoft and could be programmed in languages ​​such as Basic.

Companies like Texas Instruments and Atari had brought user-friendly computers to homes before the Macintosh, and IBM and Commodore had made desktop computers for businesses, but the Macintosh was something different. I was promised something.

The Macintosh created a mass market for usable computers that looked more like magic than machines. The Macintosh is a sealed box that hides the board and cables and presents a sleekly designed box, similar to the MacBook and the iPhone, which was released in 2007 and was the most influential and profitable of Apple's products. We have established design standards for what will become.

The iPhone represents much of what's appealing and loathsome about 21st century life. This is a device that does things that no other device or technology can do. It just provides all of that in its own controlled environment that masks all of the actual technology and the human agency that created it. There may be a little elf in there.

Billions of people now use such equipment, but few people ever look inside or think about the people who mined the metals and assembled the parts in dangerous conditions. plug. There are now cars and appliances designed to feel like an iPhone, all glass, metal, curves, and icons. None of them provide any clues for humans to build or maintain them. Everything seems like magic.

The shift to magic by design has blinded us to the real situation of most people working and living in the world. Gated devices are similar to gated communities. What's more, the sealed boxes are equipped with ubiquitous cameras and location devices, and when connected through invisible radio signals, serve as a global surveillance system that Soviet dictators never dreamed of. . We have also entered a world of soft control beyond Orwell's imagination.

Gated communities began to grow in popularity in the United States during the Reagan administration. It was to provide the illusion of safety against imagined but undefined invaders. They also resembled private states, with exclusive membership and strict rules of etiquette.

Reagan won reelection in a landslide in the November 1984 election. His Reagan victory established a nearly unwavering commitment to market fundamentalism and technological optimism that was largely adopted by Reagan's critics and even his successors like Bill Clinton and Barack Obama. . Outside the United States, ostensibly left-wing 20th century leaders such as Greece's Andreas Papandreou, France's François Mitterrand, and Britain's Tony Blair limited the vision of change that the growing neoliberal consensus allowed. was.

By the beginning of this century, questioning the techno-optimism imposed by Apple and the faith in neoliberalism secured by Reagan's hold on the world's political imagination seems like a fit of sulking or sulking. Probably. Does anyone doubt the democratizing and liberating potential of computer technology and free markets?

Now, a quarter of the way through this century, it's clear that the only promises kept were to Apple's shareholders and the descendants of Reagan's politicians. Democracy is in tatters around the world. Networked computers rob relationships, communities, and society of the joy and humanity. The economy is more stratified than ever before. Politics excludes any positive vision of a better future.

Of course, you can't blame Apple or Reagan. They simply distilled, harnessed, and sold back to us what we longed for: a simple story of inevitable progress and liberation. If we had heeded the warnings in Orwell's book instead of Apple's ads, we might have learned that simple stories never have happy endings.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Meta Accused of Inadequate Child Protection Measures by Whistleblower

According to a whistleblower, Mark Zuckerberg’s Meta Inc. has not done enough to protect children following Molly Russell’s death. The whistleblower claimed that the social media company already poses a risk to teenagers and that Zuckerberg had put in place infrastructure to protect against such content.

Arturo Bejar, the owner of Instagram and Facebook, voiced his concern that the company had not learned from Molly’s death and could have provided a safer experience for young users. Bejar’s survey of Instagram users revealed that 8.4% of 13- to 15-year-olds had seen someone harm themselves or threaten to harm themselves within the past week.

Bejar stressed that if the company had taken the right steps after Molly Russell’s death, the number of people encountering self-harm content would have been significantly lower. Russell, who committed suicide after viewing harmful content related to suicide, self-harm, depression, and anxiety on Instagram and Pinterest, sparked the whistleblower’s concerns. Bejar believes that the company could have made Instagram safer for teens but chose not to make necessary changes.

Former Meta employees have also asked the company to set goals for reducing harmful content and creating sustainable incentives to work on these issues. Meanwhile, Béjart has met with British politicians, regulators, and activists, including Ian Russell, Molly’s father.

Bejar has suggested a series of changes for Meta, including making it easier for users to flag unwanted content, surveying users’ experiences regularly, and facilitating the reporting of negative experiences with Meta’s services.

For those in need of support, various crisis support services and helplines are available in different regions. The Samaritans, National Suicide Prevention Lifeline, and other international helplines are accessible for anyone in need of assistance.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Newly Found Anti-Aging Cells Offer Potential for Prolonged Youthfulness

The ‘fountain of youth’ isn’t locked away in a philosopher’s stone or a mythical body of water, according to new research. In fact, US scientists say the key to slowing aging is hidden within our bodies.

It was announced in new research that: The secret to anti-aging lies in white blood cells known as T cells. The researchers behind the study discovered that these cells can be reprogrammed into senescent cell-killing machines known as CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) T cells.

When they tested this treatment on mice, they lost weight, improved their metabolism and glucose tolerance, increased physical activity, and led healthier lives. Moreover, there is no tissue damage or toxicity.

“If you give this to old mice, it rejuvenates them. If you give this to young mice, it slows down the aging process. There are currently no other treatments that can do this.” Corina Amor Vegas is an assistant professor at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) in the United States and one of the authors of the paper.

Researchers call this treatment a “living drug.” That’s because when CAR T cells are genetically modified, they become more aggressive in attacking a group of cells known as senescent cells.

Senescent cells are responsible for many of the conditions and diseases that develop as we age, such as obesity and diabetes. As the years go by, we accumulate more and more of them, and this causes a buildup of harmful inflammation. However, CAR T cells may be able to eliminate them and slow the effects of aging.

This treatment is already approved in the United States to treat blood cancers. But this is the first time scientists have shown that CAR T cells can slow or even reduce the effects of aging.

There are already drugs that can eliminate senescent cells, but these must be taken repeatedly. The effects of CAR T cells, on the other hand, are long-lasting. If he takes one dose when he is young, he will be protected for life.

“With CAR T cells, you could potentially get away with just one treatment. For chronic diseases, this is a big advantage. Think about the patients who need treatment,” said Amor Vegas. If administered intravenously, it will be fine for several years. ”

Scientists will then investigate whether the cells not only make you healthier for the rest of your life, but also help you live longer.

read more:

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Recent Discovery of Messier 87 Black Hole Supports Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity

In April 2019, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration resolved the central black hole of the giant elliptical galaxy Messier 87 (M 87), known as M87*, the first-ever event horizon-scale black hole. I reported the image. . In a new paper, astronomers present new images of M87* from data collected by the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA), the Greenland Telescope, and several other instruments within the EHT. doing. These new images show the shadow of his M87* as predicted by general relativity. Interestingly, the peak brightness of the ring is shifted by about 30 degrees compared to the first image. This is consistent with the theoretical understanding of fluctuations due to turbulent matter around a black hole.



The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration has released new images of M87* from observations taken in April 2018, one year after the first observations in April 2017. The new observations reveal a familiar bright luminescent ring, the same size as the one originally observed. The brightest part of the ring has moved about 30 degrees to the 5 o'clock position compared to the 2017 image. Image credit: EHT Collaboration.

“A fundamental requirement of science is to be able to reproduce results,” says Dr. Keiichi Asada, an astronomer at the Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica.

“The confirmation of the ring in a completely new data set is a major milestone for our collaboration and a strong indication that we are observing the shadow of a black hole and the matter orbiting around it. .”

An image of M87* taken in 2018 is strikingly similar to what astronomers saw in 2017.

They see bright rings of the same size, with a dark central area and one side of the ring brighter than the other.

Because M87*'s mass and distance do not increase appreciably over a human lifetime, general relativity predicts that the diameter of the ring will remain the same from year to year.

The diameter stability measured in the 2017-2018 images strongly supports the conclusion that M87* is well described by general relativity.

“One of the remarkable properties of a black hole is that its radius strongly depends on only one quantity: its mass,” said Dr. Nitika Yadrapalli-Yurku, a postdoctoral fellow at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

“M87* is not a material that gains mass rapidly, so according to general relativity, its radius will change little throughout human history. We see our data confirm this prediction. That's very interesting.”

Although the size of the black hole's shadow did not change between 2017 and 2018, the location of the brightest region around the ring changed significantly.

The bright area rotated about 30 degrees counterclockwise and settled in the lower right part of the ring, at about the 5 o'clock position.

Historical observations of M87* with less sensitive arrays and a small number of telescopes also show that the shadow structure changes from year to year, but with low precision.

Although the 2018 EHT array cannot yet observe jets emerging from M87*, the black hole's axis of rotation predicted from the location of the brightest region around the ring is more consistent with the axis of jets seen at other wavelengths. Masu.

“The biggest change is that the brightness peak has moved around the ring, which is actually the first time in 2019 that “This is what we predicted when we announced the results.”

“According to general relativity, the size of the ring should remain approximately constant, but radiation from the turbulent and messy accretion disk around the black hole causes the brightest parts of the ring to move toward a common center. It wobbles around you.”

“The amount of wobble observed over time can be used to test theories about the magnetic field and plasma environment around the black hole.”

of new results appear in the diary astronomy and astrophysics.

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Collaboration with Event Horizon Telescope. 2024. The persistent shadow of M 87's supermassive black hole. I. Observation, Calibration, Imaging, and Analysis. A&A 681, A79; doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202347932

Source: www.sci.news

Research Indicates Multicellularity Emerged in Streptococcal Plants Approximately One Billion Years Ago

A new study led by scientists at the University of Göttingen has provided evidence that the first multicellular streptococci probably existed about a billion years ago.

bierenbrodspot other. We sequenced 24 new transcriptomes of Klebsormidiophyceae and combined them with 14 previously published genome and transcriptome datasets. Image credit: Bierenbroodspot other., doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.070.

streptococcus is best known as a clade of plants that contains a rich diversity of embryophytes (land plants).

However, next to the embryophytes there is a series of freshwater and terrestrial algae that are responsible for important information on the emergence of key traits in land plants.

this house, Klebsolmidioalgae stand out. Klebsolmydiophytes thrive in diverse environments, from the mundane (ubiquitous on tree bark and rocks) to extreme environments (from the Atacama Desert to Antarctica), display filamentous body surfaces, and can be found on land. They can show remarkable resilience as habitat colonizers.

Currently, the lack of a strong phylogenetic framework for Klebsolmydiophyceae hinders our understanding of the evolutionary history of these important traits.

Dr Tatyana Dariyenko, co-lead author of the study, said: “These small, hardy little creatures have a very high diversity in their morphology and are very good at living in sometimes very harsh environments. “It's really interesting that we're adapting.”

“Our comprehensive sampling aimed to map the global distribution of Klebsolmydiophyceae and highlight its adaptability, ecological importance and hidden diversity.”

“We analyzed the molecular clock based on genetic data calibrated using fossils.”

When delving into the complex evolutionary history of Klebsolmydiophyceae, Dr. Darienko and colleagues faced the challenge of disentangling phylogenetic relationships using traditional markers.

To overcome this, they utilized hundreds of genes obtained from the transcriptomes of 24 isolates from different continents and habitats.

“Our approach, known as phylogenomics, was to reconstruct the evolutionary history by considering whole genomes or large parts of genomes,” said Iker Irisarri, Ph.D., co-senior author of the study. Ta.

“This very powerful method allows us to reconstruct evolutionary relationships with very high precision.”

Researchers have uncovered a new phylogenetic tree for the family Klebsormydiophyceae, revealing that it can be divided into three orders.

“A deep dive into phylogenetic frameworks and our molecular clocks has revealed the ancient ancestor of Klebsormydiophyceae, a multicellular entity that flourished millions of years ago. Its descendants began to diverge into three distinct branches more than 800 million years ago,” said co-lead author Maaike Bierenbroodspot.

Scientists are investigating the evolutionary history of multicellularity within streptococci.

They discovered that the ancient common ancestor of land plants, other chain algae, and Klebsormydiophyceae was already multicellular.

“This discovery reveals the genetic potential of multicellularity among streptococci and shows that the origins of this important trait date back almost a billion years,” said co-author Jan de Vries. the professor said.

of study It was published in the magazine current biology.

_____

Maike J. Bielenbrodspot other. Phylogenomic insights into the first multicellular streptococci. current biology, published online on January 19, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.070

Source: www.sci.news

Reversing Type 2 Diabetes is More Challenging Than Clinical Trials Indicate

Insulin injections help control type 2 diabetes

Inner/Shutterstock

People with type 2 diabetes who lose weight while participating in clinical trials appear to be significantly more likely to have their symptoms reversed than those who lose weight outside of such studies.

Treatments such as insulin injections can help people with type 2 diabetes maintain healthy blood sugar levels. However, if you are overweight or obese, your symptoms may improve when you lose weight.

In fact, less than 10 percent of people with type 2 diabetes who lose weight outside of these trials actually lose weight, even when followed for several years. Wu Hongjian At the Chinese University of Hong Kong. In exams, this number can be closer to 90%.

These discrepancies may be due to sometimes different definitions of what it means to reverse type 2 diabetes, as well as the support and different interventions that often accompany participation in clinical trials. he says.

To better understand this, Dr. Wu and colleagues looked at more than 37,000 people in Hong Kong aged 18 to 75 who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes between 2000 and 2017, about half of whom were women. ) was studied.

Each participant was followed for an average of just under eight years, and the researchers looked at how their weight changed in the year after diagnosis and whether their symptoms improved during the study period.

The researchers measured glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, which reflect the participants’ blood sugar status over several months. To reverse type 2 diabetes, also called remission, Generally defined as an HbA1c of less than 6.5 percent. When measured at least 3 months after stopping treatment. The researchers were investigating whether these levels occurred during her two consecutive tests conducted six months apart.

The research team only measured the participants’ weight one year after diagnosis, at which point 2% were in remission and half had gained weight, Wu said.

By the end of the study, 6% were in remission at some point, Wu said. About two-thirds of these people needed diabetes medication to get their symptoms back under control within three years.

However, by simply recording participants’ weight one year after diagnosis, the researchers were not able to determine whether the participants continued to gain weight or whether other factors, such as gaining weight at a particular time, could account for some of the weight. We do not know whether it brought participants out of remission. Fat that accumulates around the waist and certain internal organs.

In contrast, one small clinical trial found that up to 86% of type 2 diabetics who lost at least 15 kg went into remission within 1 year. People participating in such studies often benefit from professional dietary management, physical exercise programs, moral support, regular monitoring, feedback, reminders and encouragement, Wu says.

But even people who participate in the control groups of some clinical trials and don’t undergo intensive weight loss programs have higher remission rates than what was seen in Wu’s team’s study.

That may be because, outside of clinical trials, doctors are often reluctant to advise patients with type 2 diabetes to stop treatment, he says. This likely also has to do with differences in how remission is defined, Wu said, since trials often require only one HbA1c measurement in a healthy patient.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Webb’s Observation of a Massive Star-Forming Complex in the Large Magellanic Cloud

Use of Mid-infrared measuring instrument With (MIRI) aboard the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope, astronomers have captured stunning images of N79, a region of interstellar ionized hydrogen in the Large Magellanic Cloud.

This Hubble image shows star-forming region N79 located 163,000 light-years away in the constellation Sera. Image credit: NASA / ESA / CSA / Webb / M. Meixner.

N79 is a massive star-forming complex spanning about 1,630 light-years in the generally unexplored southwestern region of the Large Magellanic Cloud, a neighboring dwarf galaxy about 163,000 light-years from us.

This region is usually considered a younger version of the 30 Doradus, also known as the Tarantula Nebula.

N79 has a star formation efficiency more than twice that of Doradas 30 over the past 500,000 years.

This particular image centers on one of three giant molecular cloud complexes called N79 South (S1 for short).

The distinctive “starburst” pattern surrounding this bright object is a series of diffraction spikes.

“All telescopes that use mirrors to collect light, like Webb, have this form of artifact resulting from the design of the telescope,” Webb astronomers said.

“For Webb, the six largest starburst spikes appear due to the hexagonal symmetry of Webb's 18 primary mirror segments.”

“Such patterns are only noticeable around very bright and compact objects, where all the light comes from the same place.”

“Most galaxies appear very small to our eyes, but we don't see this pattern because they are dimmer and more spread out than a single star.”

“At the longer wavelengths of light captured by MIRI, Webb's view of N79 shows glowing gas and dust in the region.”

“This is because mid-infrared light can reveal what's going on deep within the cloud (whereas shorter wavelength light is absorbed or scattered by dust particles within the nebula). Still embedded Some protostars also appear in this region.”

Star-forming regions such as N79 are of interest to astronomers because their chemical composition is similar to that of giant star-forming regions observed in the early universe.

“The star-forming regions of our Milky Way galaxy are not producing stars at the same ferocious rate as N79 and have a different chemical composition,” the astronomers said.

“Webb now offers us the opportunity to compare and contrast observations of star formation in N79 with deep telescopic observations of distant galaxies in the early universe.”

“These observations of N79 are part of the Webb program to study the evolution of circumstellar disks and envelopes of forming stars over a wide range of masses and at different evolutionary stages.”

“Webb's sensitivity allows us to detect for the first time disks of planet-forming dust around stars of the same mass as the Sun at distances in the Large Magellanic Cloud.”

Source: www.sci.news

Elon Musk Visits Auschwitz in Response to Controversy Surrounding Anti-Semitic Message in ‘X’

Elon Musk, who has faced criticism for endorsing anti-Semitic conspiracy theories and allowing anti-Semitic messages on X (formerly Twitter), paid a visit to the Nazi Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp on Monday.

Musk’s visit to this infamous site of Holocaust atrocities preceded his planned attendance at a conference on anti-Semitism organized by the European Jewish Association in the nearby Polish city of Krakow later that day.

Musk was photographed at the Birkenau location alongside Daily Wire podcaster Ben Shapiro, who was also set to participate in the EJA conference. Birkenau, a village near Oświęcim in southern Poland, is enclosed by barbed wire, and contains wooden barracks and the remains of gas chambers as a testament to the Nazi crimes committed there, as well as a monument to the victims. Annual international ceremonies are held at this site.

“Before attending the European Jewish Association conference, Elon Musk visited Auschwitz-Birkenau with EJA President Rabbi Menachem Margolin, Ben Shapiro, Holocaust survivor Gidon Lev John, and others. Mr. Musk laid a wreath at the Wall of Death and participated in a brief memorial and service next to the Birkenau Monument,” the EJA said in an email.

Mr. Musk was slated to engage in a discussion on online anti-Semitism with Mr. Shapiro at a conference in Krakow ahead of International Holocaust Remembrance Day on January 27.

After acquiring the platform formerly known as Twitter in 2022, Musk has been accused of allowing anti-Semitic messages on the platform and has faced criticism from the Anti-Defamation League and others. His actions sparked protests from the White House and elsewhere in November, when he posted “You told the truth” at X to a user who accused Jews of hating white people and professing indifference to anti-Semitism. He later apologized for the comment, calling it the most “stupid” post he had ever made.

Last year, several major brands, including Disney and IBM, took action after liberal advocacy group Media Matters found that their ads were running alongside pro-Nazi content and white supremacist posts on the platform. Advertising on the platform was suspended, and Company X subsequently sued Media Matters, alleging that the Washington-based nonprofit created the report in an effort to “drive advertisers off the platform and destroy Company X.”

During World War II, over 1.1 million people, including Jews, Poles, Roma, Soviet prisoners of war, and homosexuals, were murdered at Auschwitz by the Nazis and their collaborators. In total, around 6 million European Jews lost their lives in the Holocaust, with approximately 7,000 survivors found when the Soviets liberated the camp.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Experience the World from Different Animal Perspectives

Most animals see the world differently than humans, and now it's a little easier to see through their eyes. Using two cameras and some software, the system can create videos that show people what a scene looks like to different species.

“We went outside to photograph birds in the trees, and only then did the brightness of the ultraviolet-colored sky sink in,” he says. Bella Vasas at Queen Mary University of London. “The color of the sky for most animals is different from the color of the sky for us.”

Vasas and colleagues used two commercial cameras housed in 3D-printed cases to record video in both visible and ultraviolet light. They then ran that footage through the software they developed to estimate the wavelengths of light that a particular animal sees with the naked eye. The program processes video frames to reflect the perspective of a particular animal.

The results include a colorful video showing a bee watching a caterpillar reveal hidden body parts to fight off predators, and a close-up of a jumping spider. The camera system works best within 2 meters (6 feet) of the animal, which is not moving so fast that the camera loses focus. Daniel Hanley Co-authored by researchers at George Mason University in Virginia. He says the method works on many insects, spiders, lizards, turtles, birds and mammals.

The “gold standard” for this type of research, he said, is hyperspectral imaging, a technique that can capture uniform wavelengths of light across the visible and ultraviolet spectrum. Jolyon Troscianko at the University of Exeter, UK. But while such equipment costs him more than $20,000, a new camera system costs only a few thousand dollars. This could allow it to be used more widely for photographing moving, life-like animal exhibits. “Imagine a bird of paradise that shows color instantly,” he says.

topic:

Source: www.newscientist.com

Atomic scientists set the ‘Doomsday Clock’ closer to midnight than ever before

WASHINGTON – Atomic scientists on Tuesday pushed the “Doomsday Clock” closer to midnight than ever before, warning Russia's nuclear weapons actions amid the invasion of Ukraine, nuclear-armed Israel's war in Gaza, and worsening climate change on a global scale. cited as a factor causing the crisis. A disaster.

The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, as it did last year, set the clock to 90 seconds to midnight, the theoretical extinction point. Scientists set the clock based on “existential” risks to the planet and its people, such as nuclear threats, climate change, and disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence and new biotechnologies.

“Conflict hotspots around the world threaten nuclear escalation, climate change is already causing death and destruction,” Rachel Bronson, the magazine's president and CEO, told Reuters. “Disruptive technologies such as AI and biological research are advancing faster than safeguards.” He added that the fact that there is no change from the previous year “does not indicate that the world is stable.”

A staff member shows the position of the minute hand of the “Doomsday Clock” in Washington, DC, on January 23, 2024. Jacqueline Martin/Associated Press

The Chicago-based nonprofit created the clock in 1947 to warn the public of how close humanity was to global destruction.

Russian massive invasion of Ukraine is set to celebrate its second anniversary next month, and tensions with the West have escalated to the most dangerous levels since the Cold War.

“A permanent end to Russia’s war in Ukraine seems far away, and the possibility that Russia will use nuclear weapons in that conflict remains serious. Over the past year, Russia has sent a number of alarming nuclear signals. '' Bronson said.

Bronson quoted the Russians President Vladimir Putin To be determined in February 2023 Suspend Russia's participation In the New START Treaty with the United States, which limits both countries' strategic nuclear weapons. The United States and Russia possess nearly 90% of the world's nuclear warheads, enough to destroy the Earth multiple times.

Bronson also referenced President Putin's March 2023 announcement regarding Russia's weapons deployment. tactical nuclear weapons Belarusian and Russian parliaments pass laws in October 2023 withdraw ratification A global treaty banning nuclear weapons testing. Russian analyst Sergei Karaganov also spoke last year about the need to threaten nuclear strikes in Europe to intimidate and “calm down” Moscow's enemies.

Israel has so far at war with Hamas According to an Israeli tally, about 1,200 people have been killed since the Gaza-based Palestinian Islamic extremist group launched attacks in southern Israel in October 2023. More than 25,000 people have been killed in the Israeli military offensive, according to Gaza health authorities.

“As a nuclear-armed state, Israel's actions are clearly relevant to the Doomsday debate. Of particular concern is the possibility of a broader escalation of conflict in the region, leading to larger conventional wars and more “It could draw in nuclear or near-nuclear states,” Bronson said.

When watches were first made, the greatest danger came from nuclear weapons. climate change It was first considered as a factor in 2007.

“The world in 2023 has been hit by a major disaster and has entered uncharted territory. hottest year on record And global greenhouse gas emissions continued to rise,” Bronson said. “Global and North Atlantic sea surface temperatures both broke records, and Antarctic sea ice reached its lowest daily area since the advent of satellite data.”

Bronson said 2023 was also a record year for clean energy, with $1.7 trillion in new investment. But this was offset by nearly $1 trillion in fossil fuel investments, Bronson added.

“This shows that current efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, while promising, are far from sufficient to avoid the dangerous human and economic impacts of climate change, and that Changes disproportionately affect the world's poorest people,” Bronson said.

The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists was founded in 1945 by scientists such as Albert Einstein and J. Robert Oppenheimer. It relies on a panel of experts in nuclear technology and climate science to set the clock each year. This watch was first introduced during the Cold War tensions following World War II.

Source: www.nbcnews.com

Overcoming the Midlife Spread: It’s Not About Metabolism, But We Have the Solution

Few life milestones are less glamorous and ritualistic than the arrival of middle age. Our skin becomes visibly looser, we get more gray hair, and of course our clothes usually start to feel a little tighter, especially around the waist.

The last one is known as the midlife spread, and it's a commonly accepted idea that as we get older, we start to gain weight around our abdomen. This extra weight is said to be easier to gain and less stable than when we were younger, and it is thought that our active metabolism may slow down as we age. You can no longer get away with consuming this much, and your efforts to get rid of your stomach through diet and exercise will become a losing battle.

So far so miserable. However, in July last year, A study of more than 6,000 people around the world quickly debunked this idea.. It showed that our metabolism remains remarkably stable as we age, at least until our 60s. “From age 20 to age 60, the amount of calories you burn per day is about the same,” says Herman Pontzer of Duke University in North Carolina. “It turns out we have a much lower ability to control our metabolism than we thought.” This will be welcome news for those approaching the age of 45 (usually defined as those between 45 and 65) and facing a frightening epidemic. But that leaves a burning question: If metabolism isn't to blame, what is? And what can you do?

The spread of middle age is even more…

Source: www.newscientist.com

New Weight Loss Drugs: Will Ozempic, Wegovy and Future Solutions Finally Conquer Obesity?

There are TikTok hashtags with millions of followers, endless columns about celebrity waistlines, and a flurry of media coverage when test results come out. It is rare for a new drug to receive so much attention. However, it is even more rare for approved drugs to cause safe and rapid weight loss with minimal effort.

A year ago, most people had never heard of semaglutide. Semaglutide is a drug developed about 10 years ago under the brand name Ozempic to treat type 2 diabetes. It was later approved as a weight loss aid in the US in 2021 under the name Wegovy. With this drug, people can lose a whopping 15% of their body weight.

The impact of this new class of medicines could be unprecedented and could end the world's growing obesity epidemic. “I don’t think it’s fully sunk in yet,” he says. Jonathan Campbell At Duke University in North Carolina, he studies how these drugs affect the body.

First, Wegovy was just the beginning. The next generation of these drugs is in development and will be cheaper, easier to use, and, importantly, even more powerful. Additionally, new evidence suggests that Wegovy and its similar products are more effective when given at a younger age, so doctors are considering their use in teenagers and young children. This increases the possibility of switching from obesity treatment to prevention. “Over the past 40 years, we have seen the obesity landscape change dramatically,” Campbell says. “Now we may be at a tipping point where that goes backwards.”

Why is obesity on the rise?

The rise in obesity has been occurring since the 1970s…

Source: www.newscientist.com

HyperVerse cryptocurrency targeted developing countries before collapsing, leading to investor ‘suicides’

The HyperVerse cryptocurrency scheme targeted investors in developing countries in Asia, Africa, and the Pacific until it eventually collapsed, leaving many people unable to access their funds.

One investor said that in Nepal, some people who took out bank loans to buy Hyperverse packages felt suicidal when they could not withdraw their money, and in some cases even committed self-harm. .

The promoter of UK-based HyperVerse, which toured five African countries in 2022, told a Ghanaian radio station that millions of people around the world are trying to understand blockchain technology “without really understanding it.” He said he has benefited from it.

HyperVerse, which was linked to a previous scheme known as HyperFund, was founded by Australian blockchain entrepreneur Sam Lee and his business partner Ryan Hsu, two of the founders of bankrupt Australian company Blockchain Global. ) was launched by.

Despite one overseas regulator warning that they could be a “scam” and another calling HyperVerse a “suspected pyramid scheme”, a Guardian Australia investigation found , revealed widespread losses from a scheme that escaped regulator warnings in Australia.

This push to expand the system, which encourages existing member states to reap financial rewards for bringing in new members, has resulted in the system spreading to hitherto untapped markets, including developing countries. It seems so.

In January 2022, the Central Bank of Nepal issued a public warning naming Hyperfund and several other unrelated schemes, encouraging people to participate in such cryptocurrency products with the promise of “high returns in a short period of time.” He said he was tempted to do so.

In a February 2023 Zoom meeting between Nepali Hyper members and Lee, the members said people were angry because they could not withdraw funds from the platform.

One member told Mr Lee that he was “sad and grumpy” and was fielding requests from people who didn’t have access to the funds he brought into the scheme.

“We really need to do something fast, you may be somewhere far away and you may not be under direct pressure, but people like us, we don’t live in the neighborhood. And our relationship has deteriorated, and whenever we do something, it’s people like us. We wake up in the morning and there’s people at the door.”

Q&A

How did the HyperVerse investment scheme work?

show

Investors were offered “membership” to HyperVerse, a “blockchain community” where members could “explore the HyperVerse ecosystem.”

The minimum membership amount is USD 300, which will be converted into Hyperunits after investment.

This scheme offers a minimum return of 0.5% per day, with a return of 300% in 600 days.

Members were encouraged to “reinvest” their earnings and were provided with more Hyper Units if they did not withdraw after funds became available.

Members were also paid hyper units for recruiting new members, and were paid a referral fee on a sliding scale based on the number of people recruited. Additional commissions were paid based on the number of people these recruits subsequently recruited up to the 20th level.

Hyperunits are linked to various crypto tokens and, once matured, can be withdrawn and converted into other cryptocurrencies.

While early investors were able to make profits and withdraw money, this system has left many investors unable to access their funds.

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A Nepalese man living in the UK told Lee that some people in his home country try to commit suicide by taking out bank loans to buy the Hyperverse package, and one of his acquaintances has committed self-harm. That's what he said.

“There have also been instances where people have lent money to buy this company's packages because they were presented in such a favorable way. We know it's wrong, we urge them to do so. But…the benefits outweighed the risks, so people took out some loans from banks and packaged this project. I bought it,” said a Nepali man.

“I don’t want to name names, but there was a case of self-harm in my hometown. [in Nepal]. We have received several SOS calls. With people in this situation, it is better to take a suicidal step than to wait for this company to come up with a repayment plan. ”

In response, Mr Lee said on a Zoom call that he hoped vulnerable people would be prioritized in recovering their initial investment, but denied he was responsible.

“I don't want to say anything about these individual incidents because I'm not in a position to empathize with them. But, you know, we just have to recognize…others Many industries have been misunderstood, and this is just the newest industry to be misunderstood,” Lee said.

“And the way to prevent something like this from happening again is that we need to increase everyone's literacy about technology and how these opportunities work.”

Sam Lee, one of the founders of the failed blockchain global cryptocurrency exchange. Photo: Blockchain Global/Facebook

Lee blamed the situation on the “corporate” team behind HyperVerse.

Despite speaking at HyperVerse's official launch, he denied any involvement in HyperVerse, saying he was only involved in the fund management side through his role at HyperTech Group, of which he is chairman.

Another person who attended the February 2023 meeting challenged Mr. Lee on this claim.

“Community leaders have always projected you as a Midas-esque figure – HyperTech, HyperVerse, HyperFund, whatever, it’s Sam Lee, it’s Sam Lee, it’s Sam Lee, that’s what we do every day. Everything you’ve been told every day,” they said. Said.

In response, Lee said, “If you don't get involved, you can't completely disappear from HyperVerse.”

“The company put out misleading information, which of course management used to drive sales, so ultimately the company loses out. But I am 100% “It's not free, because if things were misunderstood, they could have always issued a press release or a statement to clarify,” he said.

www.theguardian.com

James Dyson’s donation of £6 million to primary schools given the go-ahead despite reservations

The Government has approved a donation of £6 million from Sir James Dyson to fund the expansion of a local state primary school, Malmesbury Anglican Primary School in Wiltshire, near Dyson’s research and development campus, despite concerns about the potential impact on nearby schools.

Education Secretary Gillian Keegan announced the approval on Monday, revealing that the donation will fund a ‘first class’ Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEM) center, additional classrooms, and space for 210 more pupils, with an opening date in September 2027, subject to planning permission by Wiltshire Council, bringing the total capacity to 630 students.

The James Dyson Foundation, which is responsible for the donation, has not officially welcomed the approval and is considering the details of the decision carefully.

In a letter to the Times last year, Mr Dyson expressed his disappointment with his charity’s donations being blocked and described the difficulty of getting things done in the UK.

This claim was denied by Downing Street, but local opposition from Laura Mays, Wiltshire Council’s cabinet member for children’s services, suggested that there is already enough space in three local schools to meet demand.

Reports indicate that many employees at Dyson’s UK headquarters in Malmesbury would like to send their children to the school, but the current size does not accommodate this.

Education Secretary Gillian Keegan expressed her appreciation for the generous donation from the Dyson Foundation, emphasizing the support it will provide for local students and the development of future scientists and engineers.

Malmesbury Primary School’s headteacher, Steve Heal, expressed gratitude for the foundation’s support, highlighting the long journey to reach this point and the innovative curriculum created in collaboration with Dyson.

Laura Mays, following the government’s announcement, emphasized the importance of providing opportunities for all students and assured that the council will work with all parties involved to ensure the best outcome for all students.

Former education secretary Kenneth Baker supported Dyson’s efforts and questioned the government’s decision to reject the proposal, suggesting that it could discourage other industries and entrepreneurs from investing in technical education in schools.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Wrongful Imprisonment Lawsuit Alleges Use of Facial Recognition Technology Following Sunglass Hut Robbery

A 61-year-old man is suing Macy’s and Sunglass Hut’s parent company, alleging that the store’s use of a facial recognition system misidentified him as the perpetrator of an armed robbery, leading to his false arrest. While in prison, he was beaten and raped, according to the complaint.

Harvey Eugene Murphy Jr. was arrested and charged with robbing a Houston-area Sunglass Hut of thousands of dollars worth of merchandise in January 2022, but his lawyers say he was living in California at the time of the robbery. According to his lawyer, he was arrested on October 20, 2023.

According to Murphy’s complaint, employees at Essilor Luxottica, Sunglass Hut’s parent company, worked with retail partner Macy’s to use facial recognition software to identify Murphy as the robber. The images sent through the facial recognition system came from a low-quality camera, according to the complaint. Houston police were investigating an armed robbery when an EssilorLuxottica employee called police and determined that one of the two robbers was using the technology, so the investigation could be discontinued. I told him. The employee also said the system indicated that Murphy had committed two other robberies, according to the complaint.

When Murphy returned to Texas from California, he went to the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) to renew his license. Murphy told the Guardian that within minutes of identifying himself as a DMV employee, he was contacted by a police officer and informed that there was a warrant out for his arrest on suspicion of aggravated robbery. He said Murphy was not given any details about the crime he allegedly committed other than the day the robbery occurred. He found himself more than a thousand miles away in Sacramento, California, at the time of the robbery.

“I almost thought it was a joke,” Murphy said.

Still he He was arrested and taken to the local county jail, where he was held for 10 days before being transported to the Harris County Jail for processing.

After several days in Harris County, the alibi was confirmed by both a public defender and a prosecutor, and the charges were ultimately dropped, according to the complaint.

Murphy has never been convicted of a crime. Nevertheless, he says the detention left deep scars. He claimed that he was brutally beaten and gang-raped by three other men inside the prison hours before his release. Murphy said he was threatened with death when he tried to call prison staff. After the alleged attack, Murphy remained in the same cell as them until his release.

“It was kind of scary,” Murphy said. “My anxiety is so high, I’m shaking all the time. And I just stood up in my bunk and faced the wall, just praying that something would happen and get me out of the tank.”

“This attack left him with permanent scars that he will have to live with for the rest of his life,” the complaint states. “All of this happened to Murphy because the defendants relied on facial recognition technology that is known to be error-prone and flawed.”

Murphy didn’t realize that facial recognition technology could be used as evidence against her until two weeks ago, when she began working with her attorney, Daniel Dutko.

Datko said he discovered in police documents that Sunglass Hut employees shared camera footage with Macy’s that was used to identify Murphy. Datko said Macy’s and Sunglass Hut then contacted police together. Although Macy’s has retail partnerships with eyewear brands at multiple stores, Macy’s was not involved in the robbery because Sunglass Hut is an independent store, he said.

“We’re very comfortable saying that facial recognition software is the only possible explanation and that’s the only reason. [Sunglass Hut] I was going to Macy’s to identify him,” Datko said.

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Mr. Murphy’s case marks the seventh known case of false arrest using facial recognition in the United States, further highlighting flaws in the technology, which is already widely used in police departments and retail stores. However, all of the publicly known cases of false arrests using facial recognition to date have involved black victims. Murphy’s case marks the first known case in which a failure of this technique resulted in the wrongful arrest of a white man. Just last month, Rite Aid settled with the Federal Trade Commission over its use of a facial recognition system that previously misidentified Black, Latino, and Asian customers as “likely to be involved” in shoplifting. As part of the settlement, the pharmacy chain was banned from using facial recognition in its stores for five years. Then, in the summer of 2023, a woman named Portia Woodruff was arrested on suspicion of carjacking using a facial recognition system to authenticate her identity.

Macy’s has previously sued Regarding the use of facial recognition technology. In a 2020 lawsuit, a Chicago woman accused the company of violating Illinois’ biometric privacy law by collaborating with facial recognition provider Clearview AI without her or other customers’ consent.

Nathan Fried Wessler, deputy director of the American Civil Liberties Union’s Speech, Privacy, and Technology Project, said this is another example of the “extreme dangers of facial recognition technology.”

“We have seen case after case where police reflexively relied on unreliable facial recognition results, allowing the technology to make false matches and corrupting witness identification procedures,” Wessler said in a statement. “As the facts alleged in this case demonstrate, the consequences of wrongful arrest are dire. Lawmakers need to stop law enforcement and companies from dangerously relying on facial recognition results to put people behind bars. There must be.”

Murphy is seeking $10 million in damages.

Macy’s said it does not comment on pending litigation. EssilorLuxottica did not immediately respond to the Guardian’s request for comment.

Source: www.theguardian.com

The Limitations of Apple’s Vision Pro Headset: Absence of Netflix, Spotify, and YouTube Integration

It’s important to have friends who come to your birthday parties, offer support during tough times, and allocate resources to develop apps for emerging virtual reality platforms despite limited direct benefits. It may be tempting to believe that a $30 billion cash reserve and a product line generating over $200 billion annually are sufficient. However, Apple is finding that money cannot buy everything.

Pre-orders for Apple’s Vision Pro headset, a $3,500 “spatial computing” platform and CEO Tim Cook’s vision of Apple’s future, opened last week. Despite Apple’s enthusiasm, quiet opposition from potential users has overshadowed the announcement.

According to a report from Bloomberg (£), Netflix has opted not to design a Vision Pro app or support existing iPad apps on the platform, instead instructing users to access their content through a web browser.

Rather than developing a Vision Pro app or supporting existing iPad apps, Netflix has chosen to direct users to watch their content on the web. This decision is notable given the competition between Netflix and Apple in the streaming market.

Although the initial weekend release of Vision Pro saw an estimated 160,000-180,000 units sold, this pales in comparison to Netflix’s 250 million paying subscribers. Therefore, Netflix’s reluctance to invest resources in an app for the Vision Pro is understandable, as app development is only worthwhile if it can attract new customers or retain existing ones.

Despite Apple’s promotion of the Vision Pro as the most immersive way to watch TV, Netflix has similarly abandoned its app for MetaQuest, demonstrating a pattern of resistance to immersive platforms.

Due to these decisions, Vision Pro users will be limited to watching Netflix through the web, losing the ability to access offline viewing, a key selling point of the headset.

Furthermore, YouTube and Spotify have also opted not to release new apps for the Vision Pro, indicating a lack of enthusiasm from major content providers for the platform.

In a related story, Apple has recently allowed developers to bypass its payment system, providing them with an alternative to the high fees associated with in-app purchases. This shift may reflect a broader resistance among developers to Apple’s monopoly over economic activity in their app ecosystem.

The reluctance of major content providers to invest in apps for the Vision Pro may indicate a broader skepticism among developers about the benefits of supporting Apple’s latest venture. This trend may signal a greater movement within the developer community to challenge Apple’s control over app development and monetization.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Palworld: The New Pokemon Game with Guns Set to Dominate 2024


T

The new year has only just begun, but it looks like the biggest games of 2024 are already in store. And it’s not his multi-million dollar sci-fi extravaganza set in a vast universe created by a giant publisher. It’s a survival adventure released by a small Japanese company that had only released one game before. It’s called Palworld, and is more accurately described as a “Pokémon with a gun.” If that sounds terrible, you seem to be very lonely. It sold 5 million copies within three days of its release on January 18th. What in the name of Pikachu is going on?


What is Palworld?

Developed by Tokyo-based Pocketpair, Palworld belongs to the genre known as survival adventure, where players are thrown into a harsh open-world environment to find food and shelter, craft tools, and, of course, fight enemies. While, yes, you have to survive, whether they are aliens or hungry wolves. Minecraft is probably the most famous example, but titles like Rust, Ark, Don’t Starve, and Subnautica all compete in similar fields.


What does it actually do?




Palworld: Funny, silly, and weirdly engrossing. Photo: pocket pair

You control a character who arrives in a lush open-world environment known as the Parpagos Islands and must survive by farming, cooking, building shelter, and battling various enemy factions. Also, more than 100 kinds of cute creatures called “pals” live in this world, and each one has its own unique abilities. You can catch these cute beasts and use them to fight your enemies or craft useful items in your base.

A big part of the game is exploring the world and looking for allies and resources. It is important to monitor your hunger level and collect resources. As you battle enemies (using captured allies), you unlock new crafting recipes by following various technology trees. You can play alone, but if you choose the PC version, you can also play online with up to 31 other so-called “Paltimers”.

It’s funny, silly, and oddly engrossing even though all the individual elements are very recognizable. Pokemon developer Game Freak has been too reluctant to seriously reinvent its aging series over the past five years, with some feeling that Palworld is the modern incarnation that longtime fans have been craving. There is. Indeed, very well received among many top video game influencers,
No1 game on streaming platform Twitch Within one day of release. This certainly helped attract attention.


So this is like a neoliberal pastiche of Poku


Do we emphasize the immoral exploitation of these animals as mere resources?

Well, maybe that’s a bit of an overstatement, but it might be true. And in fact, one of the enemy factions you’ll face in the game is the Free Pal Alliance, an activist organization dedicated to freeing Pals from slavery.




Palworld screenshot shows character riding a flying dragon-like monster Photo: pocket pair


Are people mad at obvious pock?


Lemon connection?

This game is highly controversial among some developers, and not just because of its similarities to Pokemon.
Accusing the developer of plagiarism As well as the creature design, it also uses tropes and conventions from other successful survival games, most notably Ark and Rust.However, Nintendo, Creatures, and the Pokémon Company, which are responsible for Pokémon, have yet to comment, although Don McGowan, who managed the Pokémon Company's legal team for 10 years, said:
Game files recently talked about on news sites: “This seems like the same old plagiarism nonsense I saw thousands of times a year when I was chief legal officer at Pokemon. I'm just surprised it's gotten this far.”


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Takuro Mizobe, CEO and lead developer at Pocketpair, said:
claimed The game has been checked against legal requirements and does not infringe on copyright.

Also, Pokemon isn’t the only game based on monster hunting.Other titles such as Digimon and Monster Rancher have existed alongside it for many years, and the entire genre has
Insect collecting is a popular hobby in Japan.

, Therefore, it is never a concept that can be followed. The history of video games is one of successful ideas being “borrowed” and improved upon, and most modern genres can be traced back to one or two of his wildly successful ancestors.

There was also debate over whether the studio created assets using AI-generated art without notifying the platform or players.Mr. Mizobe
Showed interest in AI art generation in the past. PC Platform Steam requires studios to:
Disclose the use of AI-generated assets With games sold on the site. There have been concerns in the industry about the potential for job losses from widespread use of generative AI and the unauthorized use of AI models trained on copyrighted material. However, at this time there is no evidence that Pocket Pair used his AI model in this way.


Where can I play?

Although the game is technically still in development,
bug has been resolved.However, you can download it if you have a PC.
Steam Early Access For £25. You can also play a preview version on Xbox, but this version is even less stable and currently doesn’t feature a 32-player online mode. Cooperative play is possible for 2 to 4 people. If you’re into the idea of ​​cute mini monsters wielding machine guns, you know where to go.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Concerned about AI voice fraud? Don’t worry, I have a guaranteed solution- Zoe Williams

a A friend of mine was recently fooled by a fraudulent email purporting to be from her middle school daughter and transferred £100 into her account to cover a mysterious situation, which she described as a very time-sensitive and inconvenient event. That’s it.

You can imagine how the scammers managed to pull it off. Remember the everyday low-level anxiety of parents expecting bad news when their children are further away than the kitchen table? What’s more, the bad news story, which begins with a 19-year-old’s email saying, “I broke my phone,” is completely believable. All the scammer has to do is lean back.

Still, the story isn’t complete, as it neglects to ask basic questions like, “But if your phone is broken, why transfer money to someone else’s bank account?” , and for years afterward we called him a fool. He didn’t even call her number to see if he could talk to her. A 100-pound lighter was probably the best place to land. If someone tries to release his life savings, he will concentrate.

But what happens when you hear your child begging for money just like you? Who has strong enough defenses to withstand voice cloning? Members of Stop Scams UK tried to explain this to me last year. Scammers can extract the child’s voice from her TikTok account. Then all they have to do is find the parent’s phone number. I thought I had gotten the wrong end of the stick and had to piece together the message from recorded words available on social media. Good luck getting some soccer tips and some believable havoc from K-Pop, I thought. When it comes to AI, he didn’t think for 10 seconds about whether it could infer speech patterns from samples. In fact, it’s possible.

I think it’s still pretty easy to get around. Kid Machine is seeking urgent assistance. You say, “Precious and perfect being, I love you with all my heart.” Kid Machine will surely reply, “I love you too.” Why can’t we do that? A real child would claim to have been sick in the mouth. You can’t build an algorithm for this.

Zoe Williams is a columnist for the Guardian



Do you have an opinion on the issues raised in this article? Click here if you would like to email your answer of up to 300 words to be considered for publication in our email section.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Revolutionary Method for Ending Pregnancy Nausea Quickly: Discover the Morning Sickness Cure

We have all experienced vomiting at some stage in our lives. Whether it’s due to a nasty bout of food poisoning or the well-known norovirus that infects the population episodically. And we can all agree that it’s scary.

But imagine what it would do to you physically, mentally, and emotionally if you were to expect constant nausea and vomiting at a critical stage in your life.this is the reality for them
4 in 5 women experience nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Even mild cases can cause unpleasant symptoms such as nausea, loss of appetite, and vomiting.

for 3% of women develop a condition called hyperemesis gravidarum.things get worse and require hospitalization and treatment.

According to the Office for National Statistics, in 2022 this will result in: 20,000 women hospitalized.



But until recently, little was known about the causes of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Anecdotal evidence suggests that the more nausea and vomiting you have, the healthier your pregnancy, and even suggests that it is related to the number of babies you have.

However, real-world evidence shows this is not true. In fact, nausea and vomiting can vary widely in severity and pattern during pregnancy.

Often referred to as “morning sickness,” nausea and vomiting during pregnancy can occur at any time of the day or night. Usually it’s worse for the first 12 weeks, then it calms down. However, for many women, it lasts throughout the pregnancy.

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However, after more than 20 years of research in this field, a breakthrough has been made that identifies a causal relationship. This was promoted by Dr. Malena Fezo, a geneticist at the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California.

Fezo was inspired to pursue this career after suffering from severe nausea and vomiting during her second pregnancy in 1999. She was unable to eat or drink without vomiting, and she rapidly lost weight and became so weak that she could no longer stand or walk.

However, doctors were skeptical that she might be exaggerating her symptoms to get attention. Fezo was eventually hospitalized and she miscarried at 15 weeks.

Fezo will conduct genetic research on previously pregnant women in collaboration with 23andMe, a private company that allows individuals to send samples of their DNA to determine health status and insights into their ancestry. did.

She identified a link with a woman who suffered from severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (requiring an intravenous fluid). and a variant of the gene encoding a protein named GDF15, a hormone that acts on the brain stem.

This association pinpointed the need for further research to understand the role of GDF15 protein in pregnancy.

GDF15 is secreted by the placenta during the first two trimesters of pregnancy. It also likely plays a role in preventing the mother from biologically rejecting the baby, which is essential to allowing the pregnancy to continue. However, GDF15 has been shown to regulate physiological body weight and appetite through the brain. This substance is produced in excess in cancer patients who suffer from severe appetite and weight loss.

In addition to previous research, research led by Fejzo and the University of Cambridge Professor Stephen O'Rahilly We found that the level of GDF15 was high. Seen in women with severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. However, the effects of this hormone appear to depend on the woman's susceptibility and her exposure to GDF15 before pregnancy. Women who received higher levels of exposure before pregnancy had higher levels of the GDF15 hormone but did not have symptoms of nausea or vomiting.

It has been hypothesized that long-term exposure to GDF15 before pregnancy may have a protective effect and reduce a woman’s sensitivity to the hormonal surge caused by fetal development.

This exposure relationship is very unique and provides more understanding and knowledge as well as the potential that women may be desensitized by increasing their exposure to hormones before pregnancy. It also suggests possible treatments. Just like some people treat food allergies with controlled exposure therapy.

Many of the common symptoms affecting women, such as nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, are poorly understood despite their very high incidence. Women’s healthcare is not a niche, and there is much to understand and learn through this type of research.

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

The Amazing Way Insects Survive Raindrops: A Stunning Slow-motion Video

Although water striders are small insects, they have an amazing ability to withstand the impact of raindrops that are tens of times heavier than themselves. Slow-motion video of being crushed by water reveals tricks to avoid being crushed by water, including how to ride a water jet, shoot into the air and somersault before landing. There is.

As their name suggests, water striders can be found walking along the surface of ponds, lakes, and rivers around the world. They have long legs covered in microscopic hairs that trap air and help the insect float in water.

“One day I saw them skating by the water and thought, ‘What do they do when it rains?'” andrew dickerson at the University of Tennessee. The weight of a raindrop is more than 40 times that of an adult water strider. “How do they survive? Submerged or thrown into the air?” he added.

To investigate, Dickerson and his colleagues placed several water striders in a glass aquarium filled with water, applied droplets of water, and recorded the creatures’ reactions on slow-motion video.

The researchers noticed that when raindrops hit insects on the water’s surface, the insects initially remained unharmed because of their low density. However, it was dragged into the resulting impact crater. The crater’s collapse then spewed out a stream of water that returned to the surface, taking the insects with it.

In a few cases, the researchers witnessed water striders jumping from the water jets before they returned to the surface. “It was so beautiful. You could see it do backflips out of that jet,” Dickerson says.

However, if the water strider cannot escape from the jet of water, it will be sucked back down. Luckily, their hairy, water-repellent feet allowed them to float and swim back to the surface.

“This is the equivalent of them surviving when we get hit by a car, and in some cases going through a very acrobatic journey in the process,” Dickerson said. .

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Investment inflows into BTC spot ETFs continue as BTC volatility shrinks – Blockchain updates, analysis, TV, and job opportunities

Mateo Greco, Research Analyst, Listed Digital Assets and FinTech Investment Business Finekia International (CSE:FNQ)

Bitcoin (BTC) ended the week at around $41,600, down just 0.4% from the previous week's closing price of around $41,750. Prices have become less volatile and more stable following the SEC's approval of the ETF compared to the previous week, putting an end to speculation on the issue.

The introduction of the new BTC Spot ETF has attracted funds from traditional finance to the digital asset market. The 11 spot ETFs have collectively attracted approximately $1.15 billion in cumulative inflows since inception. Leading the pack is the BlackRock Spot ETF with about $1.4 billion in assets under management (AUM), followed closely by the Fidelity Spot ETF with about $1.26 billion in assets under management.

This inflow was partially offset by the fact that one of the 11 spot ETFs launched was Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (GBTC). GBTC is not a new product; it has been traded in trust since 2015, but was converted to an ETF. The product has experienced significant outflows of approximately $2.81 billion since the conversion, with total inflows for the 11BTC Spot ETF decreasing from approximately $3.96 billion to $1.15 billion.

At the time of the conversion, GBTC held approximately 620,000 BTC, which has now decreased to approximately 552,000 BTC. The large outflow can be attributed to two main factors. First, prior to the conversion, due to the structure of the product, GBTC customers were restricted from redeeming their shares and could only sell them on the secondary market. This forced many customers to hold positions for years without an exit option unless they were willing to sell at a deep discount on the secondary market. Second, the high management fee charged by Grayscale (1.5%) compared to most of its competitors (0.2%/0.3%) has led some investors to choose between cashing out their profits or offering a more cost-effective option. I withdrew my investment from Grayscale to reinvest in a high-performing ETF.

BTC spot ETFs recorded strong activity with high trading volumes. Since their launch, the cumulative trading volume of the 11 spot ETFs has reached approximately $16.6 billion in six trading days, or an average daily trading volume of approximately $2.77 billion. As expected, GBTC recorded the highest trading volume given the large amount of BTC being stored and the dynamic activity related to the conversion of trusts into ETFs.

With the successful launch of the BTC Spot ETF, market participants and analysts are now focusing on the potential for the ETF to include a variety of digital assets. Analysts predict an Ethereum (ETH) spot ETF has a greater than 70% chance of approval this year. This expectation is reinforced by analyzing the price trend of ETH. Immediately after the approval of the BTC Spot ETF, funds were transferred from BTC to ETH. ETH rose 17% versus BTC and 11% in dollar terms during the week of approval. This indicates that market participants are anticipating the approval of the ETH Spot ETF following the green light for the BTC Spot ETF and are adjusting their positions accordingly.

Source: the-blockchain.com

The prehistoric gliding reptile of Britain.

The gliding-winged reptile called Queneosaurus lived in what is now the Mendip Hills in Somerset, England, during the Triassic period, about 210 million years ago.



Queneosaurus latus (right) and Queneosuchus latissimus (left). Image credit: Nobu Tamura http://spinops.blogspot.com.

Queneosaurus Although they resembled lizards, they were more closely related to crocodiles and dinosaur ancestors.

It was a small animal that could fit in the palm of your hand.

There were two species: Queneosaurus latus and Queneosuchus latissimus.

One had broad wings, the other short wings, made of a layer of skin stretched over elongated transverse ribs, which allowed it to swoop from tree to tree.

Like a modern flying lizard draco Hailing from Southeast Asia, they are likely to roam the ground or climb trees in search of insect prey.

When startled or when they saw a tasty insect flying by, they could fly into the air and land safely 10 meters away.

The discovery was made by Mike Cawthorn, a student at the University of Bristol, and his colleagues.

The authors examined a large number of reptile fossils taken from three limestone quarries: Enborough, Butscombe and Highcroft. These quarries were located on the largest subtropical island at the time, Mendip Paleo Island.

In addition to Queneosaurus latus and Queneosuchus latissimusthey recorded the existence of Trilophosaurus, a reptile with complex teeth. Variodence and aquatic life Pachystropheus It probably lived a bit like modern otters, eating shrimp and small fish.

These creatures fell or their bones were washed away into caves and limestone cracks.

“The beasts were all small. We were hoping to find dinosaur bones or even isolated teeth, but in fact we found everything but dinosaurs,” Cawthorn said.

“The collections I studied were created in the 1940s and 1950s, when the quarries were still active, and paleontologists could visit to see fresh rock surfaces and talk to the quarrymen. is completed.”

Professor Mike Benton, from the University of Bristol, said: “It took a huge amount of effort to identify the fossil bones, most of which were separate and not part of the skeleton.”

“But we have a lot of comparative material and Mike Cawthorn was able to compare the isolated jaw and other bones with more complete specimens from other sites around Bristol.”

“He showed that the ancient Mendip islands, some 30km long, stretching from Frome in the east to Weston-super-Mare in the west, were home to a wide variety of small reptiles that fed on plants and insects.”

“He didn’t find any dinosaur bones, but dinosaur bones have been found elsewhere in the same geological period around Bristol, so dinosaur bones may have been there.”

During the Late Triassic period, 200 million years ago, the area around Bristol was an archipelago of small islands in a warm subtropical sea.

“These bones were collected in the 1940s and 1950s by some of the great fossil finders, including Tom Fry, an amateur collector at the University of Bristol, who often cycled to the quarry and picked up heavy stones. “They came home with bags of stuff,” said Dr David from the University of Bristol. white side.

“Other collectors were Walter Kuehne, a talented German researcher who was imprisoned in Britain during World War II, and Pamela L. Robinson of University College London.”

“They donated the specimens to the Natural History Museum in London and the Geology Collection at the University of Bristol.”

team's paper Published in Proceedings of the Association of Geologists.

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Michael Cawthorn other. A modern Triassic terrestrial microvertebrate assemblage from caves at Emborough Quarry, Batscombe Quarry and Hycroft Quarry on the Old Islands of Mendip, south-west England. Proceedings of the Association of Geologists, published online on January 20, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.pgeola.2023.12.003

Source: www.sci.news

Archaeologists Uncover Ancient Urban Center System in the Ecuadorian Amazon Dating Back 2,500 Years

The Amazon forest is dense as it is and difficult to penetrate, either on foot or with scanning technology. But over the past few years, improved light detection and ranging scans have begun to penetrate the forest canopy, revealing previously unknown evidence of past Amazonian cultures. In a new paper, CNSR archaeologist Stephen Rostain and his colleagues describe evidence of such an Amazonian agricultural culture that began more than 2,000 years ago. The authors described more than 6,000 platforms distributed in a geometric pattern connected by roads and intertwined with agricultural landscapes and river drainage channels in the Upano Valley of Amazonian Ecuador, at the eastern foothills of the Andes. Such large-scale early development in the Upper Amazon resembles similar Maya urban systems in Central America.


Rostain other. They discovered a dense system of pre-Hispanic urban centers, characterized by constructed platforms and plazas, and connected by large straight roads.Image credit: Rostain other., doi: 10.1126/science.adi6317.

Although a growing number of studies focus on the extent and scale of pre-Hispanic occupation of the Amazon, evidence of large-scale urbanization remains elusive.

Rostain and his co-authors found evidence of an agricultural civilization that began more than 2,500 years ago in the Upano Valley of Amazonian Ecuador, a region at the eastern foothills of the Andes.

“Based on more than 20 years of interdisciplinary research, including fieldwork and light detection and ranging (LIDAR) mapping, we depict urbanism on a scale never before recorded in Amazonia,” they said. said.

“We describe the construction of more than 6,000 anthropogenic rectangular earth platforms and plazas connected by footpaths and roads and surrounded by extensive agricultural landscapes and river drainages within 300 km.2 This is the research area. ”

The authors identified at least 15 different settlements of varying size based on clusters of structures.

However, the most notable element of this built environment is the extensive and complex regional road network that connects the city center with the surrounding hinterland.

Archaeological excavations show that the construction and occupation of the platforms and roads took place between 500 BC and 300-600 AD, and was carried out by groups of the Kiramopu culture and later the Upano culture.

Such large-scale early development in the upper Amazon is comparable to similar Maya urban systems recently noted in Mexico and Guatemala.

“The Upano site is different from other monumental sites discovered in the Amazon; these are more recent and less extensive,” the researchers said.

“Discoveries like this are another vivid example of how the Amazon's dual heritage, not only environmental but also cultural and indigenous, is undervalued.”

“We believe it is important to radically revise preconceptions about the Amazonian world and, in doing so, reinterpret contexts and concepts in terms necessary for inclusive and participatory science.”

team's paper Published in the January 11th issue of the magazine science.

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Stefan Rostain other. 2024. Two thousand years of garden urbanization in the upper Amazon River basin. science 383 (6679): 183-189; doi: 10.1126/science.adi6317

Source: www.sci.news

Interview with Jim Peebles: Renowned cosmologist discusses the search for deeper theories of the universe

Jim Peebles is widely known as the architect of modern cosmology and its nice-guy chief executive.give half a share of 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics, the committee said he “took up the universe” and helped create the framework known as the Standard Model of Cosmology, which is now considered “the basis of modern understanding of the history of the universe.” Others described him as an “extraordinary physicist” and “extraordinarily thoughtful, polite and kind.”

Now the Albert Einstein Professor Emeritus of Science at Princeton University, Peebles' career began there in the 1960s, focusing on Einstein's theory of general relativity, in which gravity occurs as a result of distortions of mass in spacetime. . He later characterized the cosmic microwave background (CMB), an “echo” of the Big Bang, a discovery that made cosmology an experimental science. He also showed that halos of dark matter around galaxies create a mass distribution consistent with astronomers' observations, and that the description of our universe requires reinstatement of Einstein's much-derided cosmological constant. I convinced the field that there was. Initially incorporated into the equations of general relativity as an unwieldy trick, it is now thought of as dark energy, the repulsive force driving the accelerating expansion of the universe.

Despite the success of the standard cosmological model, Peebles has always sought to undermine it. In recent years, he has focused his musings on observing astronomical anomalies – strange galaxies and other interesting phenomena – that may expose flaws in our thinking.

he says new scientist On his vision for cosmology and why it's important to deviate from the mainstream…

Source: www.newscientist.com

New Evidence of Ice-Rich Layered Deposits Found at Medusae Fossai by Mars Express

Over 15 years ago ESA's Mars Express spacecraft studied the Fossae Formation of Medusae and revealed mysterious deposits up to 2.5 km deep. These early observations left it unclear what the sediment was made of, but a new study provides an answer.

This image shows a height map of the surface of Mars, with the lowest land areas shown in blue and the highest land areas shown in white. Image credit: ESA.

of Formation of medusae fossa (MFF) – a huge and unusual soft rock deposit near Mars' equator – is about one-fifth the size of the continental United States and 100 times the mass of the largest explosive volcanic deposits on Earth.

It consists of several wind-carved features hundreds of kilometers in diameter and several kilometers high.

This feature, discovered at the boundary between highlands and lowlands on Mars, is probably the largest single source of dust on Mars.

Initial observations from ESA's Mars Express spacecraft show that the MFF is relatively transparent to radar and has low density, both characteristics seen in ice deposits.

But planetary scientists couldn't rule out the possibility that the terrain is actually drier, a huge accumulation of windblown dust, volcanic ash, or sediment.

“When we reexamined the MFF using new data from Mars Express's MARSIS radar, we found that the deposits were even thicker than we thought,” said Dr. Thomas Watters, a planetary researcher at the Smithsonian Institution. It's up to 3.7 kilometers thick,” said Dr. Thomas Watters, a planetary researcher at the Smithsonian Institution.

“Interestingly, the radar signal is consistent with what we would expect to see from layered ice, and is similar to the signal seen from the polar caps of Mars, which we know are very ice-rich.”

“If it were to melt, the ice trapped in the MFF would cover the entire planet in a layer of water 1.5 to 2.7 meters deep. This would be the largest amount of water ever discovered in this region of Mars. That's enough to fill Earth's Red Sea.”

“This is where the new radar data comes in. Given its depth, if the MFF is just a huge dust pile, we would expect it to be compressed under its own weight,” says the Italian National Institute of Astrophysics. said researcher Dr. Andrea Cicchetti.

“This will produce something much denser than what we're actually seeing with MARSIS.”

“And when we modeled how different materials behave without ice, nothing reproduced the properties of MFF. We need ice.”

“The new results suggest that there is instead a layer of dust and ice, topped by a protective layer of dry dust or ash hundreds of meters thick.”

In this image, the white line on Mars' surface (top) indicates the stretch of land scanned by Mars Express's MARSIS radar. The graph below shows the topography and subsurface structure of the land, with layers of dry sediment (likely dust or volcanic ash) shown in brown and layers of likely ice-rich sediment shown in blue. I am. The graph shows that the ice deposits are thousands of meters high and hundreds of kilometers wide. Once all the suspected water ice in the MFF melts, Mars will be covered by an ocean of water up to 2.7 meters deep. Image credit: CReSIS / KU / Smithsonian Institution.

“This latest analysis challenges our understanding of the MFF and raises as many questions as it answers,” said ESA Project Scientist for Mars Express and the ESA ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. said Dr. Colin Wilson.

“How long ago did these ice deposits form? What was Mars like at that time?”

“If confirmed to be water ice, these giant deposits could change our understanding of Mars' climate history.”

“Any ancient water reservoir would be an attractive target for human or robotic exploration.”

Result is, journal Geophysical Research Letters.

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thomas watters other. 2024. Evidence for ice-rich layered deposits in the Medusa Fossa Formation on Mars. Geophysical Research Lettersin press.

Source: www.sci.news

Slowing Aging and Preventing Dementia Through Restoration of Brain Mitochondria

Protein plaques in the brain may be caused by mitochondrial dysfunction

Sebastian Kauritzky/Alamy

If you own a car, you’ve probably noticed that your engine becomes less efficient over time. The farther you drive, the more fuel it takes to cover the same distance. Eventually, you’ll end up with so little power that you need a physical push to climb a gentle hill.

It is now becoming clear that much the same holds true for the human brain. Microscopic structures called mitochondria, found in all brain cells, are literally the engines of our thoughts and emotions. As we age, we find it increasingly difficult to generate enough energy to power mental activity. Worse, just like an old car leaves behind a cloud of smoke, the power source of our cells begins to produce unnecessary waste products that slowly pollute our brains. This means that mitochondrial dysfunction may underlie some of the most serious brain diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and motor neuron disease.

According to this “grand unified theory” of neurodegeneration, recharging neurons through restoration of their power plants can prolong healthy brain function. This idea has already inspired some exciting new treatments for age-related brain diseases, with multiple drug candidates under investigation. Some researchers are exploring the possibility of transplanting healthy mitochondria into damaged, aging brains to reactivate them. “If you keep replacing the parts in your car, it can last forever,” he says. claudio soto, a neurologist at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. “So what happens if we try to run this…

Source: www.newscientist.com

Confining Atoms in a Small Tube Creates a Strange “Primary Gas”

A single atom of krypton trapped in a Buckminsterfullerene cage

University of Nottingham

The krypton atoms become stuck in a “traffic jam” inside the carbon nanotube, unable to pass through each other, allowing scientists to more easily observe how the krypton atoms interact. Researchers hope that this “primary energetic body” can shed light on fundamental physical forces.

Andrey Klobistov and his colleagues at the University of Nottingham, UK, have discovered that the narrow space restricts movement and makes it easier to observe the inside of carbon nanotubes, which are just 1.5 nanometers thick (one-half millionth the width of a human hair). He spent years studying chemical reactions. They have now developed a way to do the same thing with atoms of the rare gas krypton, creating a so-called one-dimensional gas.

The researchers used a buckminsterfullerene molecule, a spherical cage made of 60 carbon atoms, with a krypton atom trapped inside. These molecules are sucked into the carbon nanotube by van der Waals forces, weak attractive forces caused by fluctuations in the electron cloud surrounding the atomic nucleus. Once filled, the tube is heated to 1200 °C and the cage is destroyed. The carbon atoms are absorbed into the nanotube, leaving behind a string of krypton atoms.

A single atom of krypton confined in a Buckminsterfullerene cage inside a nanotube, observed with an electron microscope

University of Nottingham

Klovistov said the result is like a “traffic jam” in which atoms can be observed slowly, rather than flying around at up to 400 meters per second, as they often do in three-dimensional gases. The group used a transmission electron microscope to image atoms, allowing them to accurately measure the distances between them.

“They fundamentally change their behavior,” Klovistov said. “This is a very interesting system. We can track their trajectories, how they move and how they interact. This is a great toy to play with with noble gases. “We can gain a fundamental understanding of the behavior of atoms under extreme confinement.”

Other researchers have already observed that krypton atoms form pairs held together by van der Waals forces. This phenomenon is difficult to observe in unconstrained atoms and can also occur within nanotubes. Klobistov said future experiments will be “full of surprises.”

Future research will investigate how temperature affects primary gas. If you reduce the temperature of a gas in three-dimensional space, it will condense into a liquid and then solidify, but there is no guarantee that the same rules will apply in his one dimension.

“Maybe there's no such thing as a 1D liquid, it's just a 1D solid. It's a bit of a voyage of discovery,” says Klobistov.

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Source: www.newscientist.com