Scientists suggest that the composition of the inner core of the Earth is undergoing changes

Geoscientists at the University of Southern California, the University of Los Angeles, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cornell University, the Institute of Geology at the University of Utah and the University of Utah have said they have detected structural changes near the center of the Earth.



The inner core of the Earth was previously thought to be solid. Image credit: USC Graphics/Edward Sotero.

Professor John Vidale, a researcher at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, said:

“What we discovered is evidence that the surface near the inner core of the Earth is undergoing structural changes.”

Located 5,000 km (3,000 miles) on the surface of the Earth, the inner core is fixed by gravity within the outer core of the molten liquid. Until now, the inner core was widely considered to be a solid sphere.

“The original purpose was to further diagram the deceleration of the inner core. However, when I was analyzing decades of earthquake records, one dataset of seismic waves remained. It was strangely distinctive from that,” Dr. Vidale said.

“Later I realized I was staring at evidence that my inner core was not solid.”

In this study, the authors recorded seismic waves recorded by Yelson and Yellow Knife Receber Array Stations in North America from repeated seismic pairs in the North-South Sandwich Islands between 1991 and 2023.

One dataset of seismic waves from the latter station contained non-characteristic properties that researchers have never seen before.

“The dataset initially confused me,” Dr. Vidale said.

It was not revealed that seismic waveforms represent additional physical activity in the inner core until the team improved their resolution techniques.

Physical activity is best described as a temporal change in the shape of the inner core.

New research shows that surfaces near the inner core can undergo viscous deformation, altering their shape and shifting at the shallow boundary of the inner core.

The most obvious cause of structural changes is the interaction between the inner and outer cores.

“It is widely known that the melted outer core is a turbulent flow, but that turbulence has not been observed to contiguously contiguously to the inner core of the human timescale,” Dr. Vidale said. Ta.

“The first thing we're looking at in this study is the outer core that probably disrupts the inner core.”

“This discovery could open the door to uncover previously hidden dynamics deep within the Earth's nucleus, and lead to a better understanding of the Earth's thermal and magnetic fields.”

study Published in the journal Natural Earth Science.

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Je Vidale et al. Variations in annual scales at both rotation speed and surfaces near the inner core of the Earth. nut. GeosciPublished online on February 10th, 2025. doi:10.1038/s41561-025-01642-2

Source: www.sci.news

Review of Beats PowerBeats Pro 2: Apple’s Top Headphones for Fitness and Performance

Five years later, Apple is back with a complete revamp of its earphones, which rebranded the Beats Headphones brand for athletes and sports enthusiasts as the Powerbeats Pro 2.

Designed to be attached to the ear and placed without wires, the original PowerBeats Pro is the perfect earphone for workouts and was worn by sports superstars such as Lebron James and Anthony Joshua.

In 2025, Apple refined the fit, slimmed the bulk, added noise cancellation and heart rate monitoring to the original Powerbeats Pro, priced at $250, aiming to reclaim the top spot in the industry.

The overall design of the earphones remains the same, with a flexible silicone wire that hooks behind the user’s ears and connects to earphones with arms sitting in the ears. It is lighter and more secure than its predecessor, making it comfortable for extended listening sessions during commute and active exercise without any discomfort.

Each earphone includes a multi-functional “B” button for playback and noise cancellation control, as well as a volume locker for easy adjustments during workouts. Photo: Samuel Gibbs/The Guardian

The earphones provide approximately 8 hours of playback with noise cancellation (10 hours without it) and come with a flip-top case that can charge the earphones three times. The case, which is 30% smaller than before, is still quite spacious and fits easily in a bag, but may be a bit bulky for pockets.

The PowerBeats Pro 2 features the same H2 chip and connectivity as Apple’s AirPods Pro 2, offering seamless connections with various Apple devices, spatial audio for movies and music, audio sharing, SIRI support, lossless audio, and more when used with the Apple Vision Pro.

Additionally, the earphones support advanced Android features, making the Beats app more versatile than other Apple earphones, allowing for one-touch pairing, customization, updates, and other functionalities.

Great Sound Quality and Effective Noise Cancellation

Adjust noise cancellation and other settings using iPhone Bluetooth settings or the Android Beats app. Photo: Samuel Gibbs/The Guardian

The H2 chip equips the Powerbeats with many top features of AirPods, including active noise cancellation that is nearly as effective as Apple’s top buds, providing significant reduction of external sounds. The earphones handle wind noise well and boast the best-in-class transparency mode.

The new Powerbeats offer excellent sound quality, with great separation of tones, well-controlled bass, and detailed high notes. They perform well across various music genres, from pop and hip hop to classical and jazz. They may not match the AirPods Pro in sound adjustment capabilities, but they excel in most workout scenarios.

Additionally, they support Apple’s personalized spatial audio system for immersive sound experiences and offer exceptional call quality.

Specifications

  • Connectivity: Bluetooth 5.3, SBC, AAC, H2 chip, HR sensor

  • Battery life: 8 hours ANC playback (36 hours with case)

  • Water resistance: IPX4 earphones (sweat resistant)

  • Earphone dimensions: 45 x 41 x 24mm

  • Earphone weight: 8.7g each

  • Charging case dimensions: 75 x 66 x 34mm

  • Charging case weight: 69g

  • Case charging: USB-C, QI wireless

Ear Heart Rate Monitoring

The optical heart rate sensor is located just inside the ear next to the silicon tip. Photo: Samuel Gibbs/The Guardian

The Powerbeats Pro 2 feature an optical heart rate sensor that enables pulse monitoring through the ears, similar to Sennheiser’s Momentum Sport Earbuds. The sensor, located on the earphones’ inner side touching the tragus, achieves accurate pulse readings when both earphones are worn.

Data from the heart rate sensor is stored in the health app on iPhones or connected training apps for Android users, providing accurate and useful fitness tracking.

Sustainability

The PowerBeats Pro 2 case is sturdy and charges via USB-C and QI, but lacks water resistance and may be bulky for some users. Photo: Samuel Gibbs/The Guardian

Apple has not disclosed the expected battery lifespan, but it is estimated to endure over 500 full charge cycles at 80% capacity. Additionally, the earphones incorporate recycled plastic in some internal components and offer individual replacements for lost or damaged parts.

While the earphones are not repairable, Apple supports trade-in and recycling programs for its products, including non-Apple devices, promoting responsible disposal and reducing environmental impact.

Price

The PowerBeats Pro 2 are priced at £249.95 ($249.99).

When compared to other models, the Beats Fit Pro is priced at £219.99, Beats Studio Buds+ at £179.99, Beats Solo Buds at £79.99, Apple’s AirPods Pro 2 at £229, and Sennheiser Momentum Sport at £199.

Verdict

The PowerBeats Pro 2 represents a significant upgrade from its predecessor, offering top-notch features and performance for premium training earphones.

With secure and lightweight fit, effective noise cancellation, and heart rate monitoring, these earphones cater to a wide range of workout needs. They excel in sound quality, call quality, and offer platform compatibility with iPhone and Android devices.

While the price point may be high, the PowerBeats Pro 2 stand out as versatile and high-performance earbuds suitable for various activities, especially for iPhone users seeking a secure and reliable fit.

The main drawback is the non-replaceable batteries, which may impact the long-term sustainability and lifespan of the earphones.

Strong Points: Excellent sound quality, effective noise cancellation and transparency mode, long battery life, secure and comfortable fit, user-friendly controls, spatial sound experience, excellent call quality, cross-platform compatibility with iPhone and Android.

Cons: High price point, bulky case, limited iPhone app support for heart rate monitoring features, lack of multipoint connection, non-replaceable batteries.

The music pauses when you remove the PowerBeats Pro 2, thanks to the sensor located on the earphones’ bottom. Photo: Samuel Gibbs/The Guardian

Source: www.theguardian.com

Astronomers Possibly Found the Swiftest Exoplanet System on Record

Candidate planetary systems detected by microlens method are thought to travel at least 540 km (1.2 million mph) per 540 km.



Impressions of the superniputin exoplanet artist orbiting a low-mass star near the center of our Milky Way galaxy. Image credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R. Hurt, Caltech-IPAC.

“I think this is the so-called Super Neptune world orbiting a low-mass star at the distance between Venus and Earth's orbit,” University of Maryland, College Park, NASA Goddard. At the Space Flight Center.

“The star is so weak that it is outside its habitable zone. If so, it will be the first planet ever discovered orbiting a fast star.”

The system was first discovered indirectly in 2011 thanks to the microlens event MOA-2011-BLG-262.

“Microlenses occur because a large amount of presence distorts the fabric of space-time,” the astronomer explained.

“Whenever an intervening object appears to drift near a background star, light from the star curve passes through space-time, distorted around nearby objects.”

“If the alignment is particularly close, the distortion around the object behaves like a natural lens and can amplify the light of the background star.”

In MOA-2011-BLG-262, microlens signals revealed pairs of celestial bodies.

Astronomers have determined relative masses (one is about 2,300 times heavier than the other), but their exact mass depends on how far they are from the Earth.

“It's easy to determine the mass ratio,” said Dr. David Bennett, a senior research scientist at the Goddard Space Flight Center at the University of Maryland, College Park and NASA.

The MOA-2011-BLG-262 Discovery Team has a microlens object that is about 20% of the stars, about 29 times heavier than Earth, or Jupiter's mass with Exomoon. They suspected it was one of roughly four times more illicit planets.

To understand which explanations were more likely, Dr. Terry, Dr. Bennett and his colleagues searched data from the Keck Observatory in Hawaii and the Gaia satellite at the ESA.

If the pair are illegitimate Exoplanets and Exomoons, they will not look effective – dark objects lost in the black space of the universe.

Researchers discovered a strong suspect about 24,000 light years away and put it in the bulge of the Milky Way galaxy.

By comparing the position of the stars in 2011 and 2021, they calculated its speed.

But that's its 2D motion. If it's heading towards us or away from us, it must be moving even faster.

Its true speed may increase to the galaxy's escape speed exceeding 600 km/s (1.3 million mph) per second.

If so, the planetary system is destined to traverse intergalactic space for millions of years to come.

“To make sure the newly identified star is part of the system that caused the 2011 signal, we looked again in another year and it moved the right amount and moved in the right direction. And I want to see where it is. We've detected a signal,” Dr. Bennett said.

“If a high-resolution observation indicates that the stars remain in the same position, it can be sure that it is not part of the system that caused the signal,” says Aparna Bhatacharya at the University of Maryland. The doctor said. College Park and NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.

“That means the Rogue Planet and the Exomoon model are preferred.”

Team's paper It was released this week Astronomy Journal.

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Sean K. Terry et al. 2025. A candidate high-speed peeling system for galaxy swelling. AJ 169, 131; doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b0f

Source: www.sci.news

Researchers find unusually high levels of cosmic formation beryllium in the Pacific Ocean

A team of scientists from Helmholtz Senturm Dresden Rossendorf, Tad Dresden Institute of Technology, and the Australian National University have discovered an “unexpected” accumulation of Beryllium-10 from the bottom of the central and North Pacific Oceans.

Col et al. Report on the discovery of anomalies in the beryllium-10 concentration profiles of several deep-sea ferromanganese crusts (stars) from the late Miocene central and North Pacific Oceans. The main bottom (blue line) and surface (red line) ocean currents of the thermal halin circulation are shown. Image credit: Koll et al., doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55662-4.

Radionuclides are types of nuclei (isotopes) that decay into other elements over time.

They are used to date archaeological and geological samples, and radiocarbon dating is one of the best-known methods.

“The major ocean floors on Earth show one of the most pristine geological archives documenting environmental conditions and changes over millions of years, the ferromanganese crust,” Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf and his colleagues.

“Dating these marine archives can be achieved through fossils through changes in biostratigraphy, isotope, or elemental composition. Alternatively, we can analyze the imprinted changes in the Earth's magnetic field due to magnetic stratigraphy. Masu.”

“Another commonly employed technique is dating space-forming nuclides,” they added.

“The radionuclide Beryllium-10 is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere, primarily through cosmic ray spallation for nitrogen and oxygen.”

“The residence time of Beryllium-10 in the atmosphere is about 1-2 years for it to adhere to the aerosol and precipitate.”

“In the ocean, atmospheric beryllium-10 mixes with the stable beryllium-9 of the lithosphere, which is transported to the ocean by river runoff and river dust, primarily after erosion of terrestrial minerals.”

Dr. Koll and co-authors have discovered long-term cosmicogenic beryllium-10 anomalies in central and North Pacific samples.

Such anomalies can be attributed to changes in ocean currents or astrophysical events that occurred during the late Miocene era around 10 million years ago.

The findings have the potential to serve as a global time marker for promising advances in dating geological archives over millions of years.

“For a period of millions of years, such space-forming time markers still do not exist,” Dr. Koll said.

“However, this beryllium abnormality can act as such a marker.”

result It will be displayed in the journal Natural Communication.

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D. Koll et al. 2025. Cosmic genome 10It becomes abnormal in the late Miocene as an independent time marker for marine archives. Nut commune 16, 866; doi:10.1038/s41467-024-55662-4

Source: www.sci.news

New Research Reveals 82% of Paradise Bird Species are Biofluorescent

Paradise birds are families of small to medium-sized forest birds found in the New Guinea region. With its elaborate and colorful feathers, these birds are one of the most beautiful creatures on the planet. A new study found that ornithologists at the American Museum of Natural History and ornithologists at the University of Nebraska Lincoln University were biological fluorescents out of 45 currently recognized paradise. They suggest that this special “brightness” is important among male birds due to hierarchy and mating displays.

The bigger bird bird (Paradisaea apoda). Image credit: Andrea Lawardi.

With colorful feathers and intricate courtship displays, the paradise bird has a special place in natural history.

They serve as examples of school books for sexual choice. This is the result of the selection of male female peers with attractive features.

The results show unparalleled radiation of species in which men exhibit extreme morphological features and behaviors, and behaviours that have no evolutionary meaning other than attracting women due to coalescence.

“The unique mating rituals and exhibitions of paradise birds fascinated scientists and promoted countless research focusing on the evolution of traits and sexual choice,” said Rene Martin, PhD, University of Nebraska, Dr. Lincoln. The doctor said.

“It seems appropriate that these flashy birds are likely signaling each other in an additional flashy way.”

Biofluorescence is a phenomenon that occurs when an organism absorbs light, converts it, and releases it as a different color.

“More than 10,000 people recorded birds and despite numerous studies that included bright feathers, elaborate mating displays and excellent vision, we surprisingly investigated the presence of biological fluorescence. There are very few people.”

“Bowerbirds and Fairy Wrens were unable to shine, but bright green yellow fluorescent light was found among the bird birds.”

Biological fluorescence is found in Emperor's birds (Paradisaea guilielmi). Image credit: Rene Martin.

Researchers discovered that when exposed to not only bird light, but also purple light, the birds also fluorescently, and that the birds emitted fluorescence.

This phenomenon is particularly prominent in men, focusing on the bright feathers and skin of the area highlighted during the exhibition: the mouth and bills of the head, neck, and belly.

In women, biological fluorescence is usually restricted to feathers in the chest and belly.

“These birds live near the equator, where bright sunlight is abundant all year round, and in forests where light complexity is heavily affected by different canopy differences, enhancing bioflaorent signals. It could be,” Emily said. Kerr, PhD student at the American Museum of Natural History.

“Studies based on closely related species found that bird eye pigments align with fluorescent peaks measured by researchers.”

“Based on this, we speculate that avian paradises can see these biological fluorescent patterns, which enhance the contrast with dark feathers and possibly play an important role in courtship and hierarchy. there is.”

study It will be published in the journal Royal Society Open Science.

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Rene Martin et al. Royal Society Open Sciencein press; doi: 10.1098/rsos.241905

Source: www.sci.news

Whoa! The Sims Have Taken a Dark Turn | Games

when I was growing up, the genre-defining dollhouse sim Sims was the ultimate escape. I built my dream home, grew the neighborhoods of strange and wonderful friends, and lived a fantasy adult life.

So when EA drops surprise Sims 1 and 2 Last weekend, all expansions are included to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the series (my 9 year old self dream) I was naturally forced to return to my happy place. Beginners, rooms, goths, and sometimes, I removed the pool ladders while swimming a bit, and only had the pauses I needed for my mommy roast dinner.

I’ve introduced familiar music, tragic pool accidents, and my own personal nostalgia of French maids, but there’s something lurking beneath the game’s quirky and hilarious look. Surprisingly, this game now feels more like a struggle simulator than a chance to live your dream life. (I forgot how much time the Sims spent playing chess.) Like the town of Picket Fence in Lynch, I realized that there was darkness lurking under the sheen of the suburbs.

The original Sims Game was more dystopian than the cheerful and brightly colored Sims 4 of today. Contrast is not just about aesthetics. Twenty years ago, Sims had no dreams or ambitions. Your virtual family has worked long hours for a pricey life, some of the most poignant music in the history of death and gaming.

Forget your personality, desires and preferences. Sims 1 is a capitalist nightmare where survival outweighs self-realization.




Be careful of ovens that burn spontaneously! …Sims 1 + 2.

I forgot the time my original Sim actually spent on work. They are doing boring and boring work from your vision. Create a simple message you get when they are oddly shocked (or handed over). It’ll probably be fired and kill you, heading towards the cheapest oven that’s offered that small wage packet. This is a game that punishes you for being poor. It means that, like the iconic Goth family of rich people, the poor remain in their stay in stone mansions, still surrounded by charming cemeteries while the poor are poor. I have learned that social mobility in Sims 1 is nearly impossible.

And do you live in a social life? Forget that at least when you’re at the bottom of your random career ladder. There’s no time to make friends. I didn’t remember from my time as a tween who was obsessed with Sims. I now find that the nasty EastEnders-level entanglements in my neighborhood are mostly scripted in my head. Instead, you should remove the ++ and –relationship scores until you’ve finally “played in bed” anti-climic. -olds. There’s nothing dark about that heart-shaped bed of extension. I still want that in real life.

Even these moments with the most meaningful love in my Sims life seemed to offer them nothing. They were transactions and no use was helpful other than unlocking new interactions. They are playing for my enjoyment, not for theirs.

Friendships are also very traded here. To improve your rank at work, you need a certain number. Keeping yourself alone will make you poor and you will likely die of having a cheap, spontaneously burning microwave. This is particularly sad for Sims, who live alone. I’m exhausted from work. If you don’t have time to call friends over the phone for hours, or if they refuse to come, your relationship will quickly break




It’s a capitalist nightmare, but still, it’s an escape… Relaise from Sims 1 + 2.

alleys. Like the award-winning No Deeve episode of Black Mirror, when you lose social credibility, the spiral will soon go downhill for your Sim.

And it’s not as fast as music that announces the stomachs of millennials of a sudden, terrifying robbery. It’s still terrifying 25 years from now, so I hope there was a foresight to spend a small savings on theft alarm. That’s before we enter from a visit from the harsh Grim Reaper and even from a creepy prank call. These unexpected callers scared me just as they did back then.

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Perhaps my new, dark perspective on the game comes from the world we live in now. I’m finally living a fantasy adult life – I’ve been on the brink of less relaxation in my gothic apartment dream home, more overwork, lower wages, and spiral breakdowns I didn’t realize that it was. In a time of economic insecurity and burnout in 2025, Sims’ crushing feels brutal.

For all existential horrors, Sims 1 is still an escape. Certainly, it presents a kind of capitalist nightmare. But it’s a capitalism nightmare you can control. No matter how hard your daily slogans work, you can always enter your cheat code and click to wipe out any financial stress. This is the ultimate fantasy. It’s also strangely accurate. Just like in real life, external benefits (and systemic misconduct) are more likely to lead to success than shattering rules and following them.

Yes, Sims 1 was and remains a dystopian suburban treadmill, but there is also room for humor. Confusion is interesting, failure is temporary, and the worst tragedy can be reversed by clicking the mouse.

Source: www.theguardian.com

US and UK refuse to endorse summit declaration on “all-encompassing” Artificial Intelligence (AI)

The US and the UK have opted not to sign the Paris AI Summit declaration concerning “comprehensive and sustainable” artificial intelligence.

The rationale behind the two countries’ decision to withhold their signatures from the document, endorsed by 60 other signatories, including China, India, Japan, Australia, and Canada, was not immediately clarified.

The UK’s Prime Minister’s official spokesperson stated that France is among the UK’s closest allies, but the government is committed to signing initiatives that align with the UK’s national interests.

Nevertheless, it was mentioned that the UK did sign the Sustainable AI Coalition of the Summit and supported the cybersecurity statement.

When asked if the UK’s refusal to sign was influenced by the US’s decision, the spokesperson asserted that the UK does not acknowledge or align with the reasons or stance of the US detailed in the declaration.

The rejection was confirmed following US Vice President JD Vance’s critical speech at the Grand Palais, denouncing the “overregulation” of European technology and cautioning against collaboration with China.

The Communique emphasized priorities such as ensuring AI remains open, inclusive, transparent, ethical, safe, secure, and reliable, while establishing an international framework for all stakeholders.

After the event, Elise Palace suggested that more countries could eventually sign the declaration.

Vance’s address conveyed dissatisfaction with the global approach to regulating and developing technology before leaders like French President Emmanuel Macron and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Keir Starmer was notably absent from the summit.

During his inaugural overseas trip as US Vice President, Vance expressed concerns about the EU’s regulatory measures, cautioning that excessive regulation in the AI sector could stifle transformative industries.

Vance also highlighted the risks of engaging with authoritarian regimes and issued sharp warnings directed at China regarding their exports of CCTV and 5G equipment.

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China’s Vice President Zhang Guoqing echoed Vance’s sentiments, cautioning against deals that appear too good to be true, referencing his Silicon Valley learnings.

Vance’s speech primarily focused on AI safety, criticizing the cautious approach of the UK’s inaugural global AI summit in 2023 branded as an AI safety summit. He contrasted this with the potential of cutting-edge technologies that could be both self-aware and risky.

In a closing remark before departing from the meeting, Vance drew parallels to the significance of swords like the one held by Marquis de Lafayette, emphasizing their potential for freedom and prosperity when wielded appropriately.

He reflected on the shared heritage between France and the US, symbolized by the Sabers, emphasizing the need for a thoughtful approach to potentially dangerous technologies like AI, guided by the spirit of collaboration seen in historical figures like Lafayette and the American founders.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Concerns rise over potential Trump administration use of Israeli spyware amid abuse allegations

WhatsApp recently won a legal battle against NSO Group, an Israeli cyberwareponds manufacturer. Despite this victory, a new threat has emerged from another company, Paragon Solutions, which is also based in Israel, including the United States.

In January, WhatsApp revealed that 90 users, including journalists and civil society members, were targeted by SPYware created by Paragon Solutions last year. This raises concerns about how Paragon’s government clients utilize hacking tools.

Among the targeted individuals were Italian journalist Francesco Cancerato, immigrant support NGO founder Luca Casarini, and Libyan activist Husam El Gomati. University of Toronto researchers, who work closely with WhatsApp, plan to release a technical report on the breach.

Paragon, like NSO Group, provides spyware to government agencies. The spyware, known as Graphite, allows for hacking without the user’s knowledge, granting access to photos and encrypted messages. Paragon claims its use aligns with US policies for national security missions.

Paragon stated a zero-tolerance policy for violations and terminated contracts with Italy after breaching terms. David Kay, a former special rapporteur, described the marketing of such surveillance products as an abuse and a threat to the rule of law.

The issue has relevance in the US, where the Biden administration blacklisted NSO in 2021 due to reports of abuse. A contract between ICE and Paragon was suspended after concerns were raised about spyware use.

Paragon assures compliance with US laws and regulations, following the Biden executive order. The company, now US-owned, has a subsidiary in Virginia. Concerns remain about potential misuse against political opponents.

Experts from Citizen Lab and Amnestytech are vigilant in detecting illegal surveillance in democracies worldwide.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Elon Musk to lead group in unexpected $100 billion bid for OpenAI

Elon Musk stirred up a dispute between Openai and its CEO Sam Altman on Monday. The billionaire heads a group of investors that revealed they had put forth a $97.4 billion bid for “all assets” of the artificial intelligence company to Openai’s board of directors.

The startup behind ChatGpt is in the process of transitioning from its original non-commercial status. Openai also operates a for-profit subsidiary, and Musk’s unsolicited offer could complicate the company’s plans. Wall Street Journal first reported the proposed bid.

“If Sam Altman and the current Openai, Inc. board of directors are intending to fully focus on profit, it is crucial that the charity is adequately compensated for what its leadership is taking away from it. It’s about time,” stated Mark Toberov, a lawyer representing investors.

Altman quickly responded to Musk shortly after the news broke, stating, “Thank you, but I’ll buy Twitter for $9.74 billion if necessary.” Musk acquired Twitter for $44 billion in 2022 and rebranded it. Musk’s reply to the post was “Swindler.”

Musk co-founded Openai but left the company in 2019 to start his own AI company called Xai. There have been ongoing disagreements between him and Altman over the company’s direction. He sued Openai over its restructuring plan, dropped the lawsuit, and then reignited the conflict.

The bid is backed by Xai and several investment firms, including those managed by Joe Lonsdale, who co-founded Stealth Government contractor Palantir. Ari Emanuel, CEO of entertainment company Endeavor, also joined the group through his investment fund.

“At X.ai, we adhere to the values that Openai has committed to uphold. Grok has fostered open source. We respect the rights of content creators,” Musk stated. “It’s time for Openai to return to its roots of open-source, safety-focused power. We will ensure that happens.”

Toberoff informed the Wall Street Journal that Musk’s consortium of investors is prepared to match or exceed the value of any other potential bids.

Openai argues that the restructuring is crucial for the company’s sustainability and access to capital. They claim that sticking with the non-profit structure alone will not keep up with the highly competitive world of AI innovation. Openai anticipates the restructuring to be completed by 2026.

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Musk is a close associate of Donald Trump, whereas Altman met with the president and attended the inauguration. Trump has identified Openai as part of a group of AI companies collaborating on a $500 million deal named Stargate to invest in cutting-edge technology. Musk’s Xai is not included in this agreement.

Source: www.theguardian.com

A complete Einstein ring found surrounding NGC 6505 by astronomers

Einstein rings (also known as Einstein – Chuworson rings or Chuworson rings) pass through very large masses such as galaxy clusters and giant galaxies as light from distant objects, such as galaxies.

Close-up of Einstein rings around NGC 6505. Image credits: ESA/Euclid/Euclid Consortium/NASA/J.-C. Cuillandre / G. Anselmi / T. Li.

This is the first powerful gravitational lens discovered in Euclidean, and the first powerful lens in the NGC object of investigation.

In the Galaxy-Galaxy's strong gravitational lens, light from the distant source galaxy is distorted and enlarged by the gravitational field of the foreground lens galaxy, forming multiple images of the source galaxy.

When the source is resolved, that is, not like a point, but close to the projection center of the lens of the source plane, a so-called Einstein ring is formed.

Both Einstein rings and lensed sources have enormous scientific value and are used in a variety of applications.

“The Einstein ring is an example of a strong gravity lens,” says Dr. Conor O'Riordan, an astronomer at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics.

“All powerful lenses are special because they are very rare and very scientifically useful.”

“This is especially special because it's very close to the Earth and makes the alignment very beautiful.”

The ring of light surrounding the NGC 6505, captured by ESA's Euclidean telescope, is a stunning example of the Einstein ring. Image credits: ESA/Euclid/Euclid Consortium/NASA/J.-C. Cuillandre / G. Anselmi / T. Li.

Not only are you on the ESA's Euclidean spacecraft using deep imaging data from visible cameras (VIS) and near-infrared spectrometers and photometers (NISP) equipment, but also Keck Cosmic Web Imager (kcwi) At the Wm Keck Observatory, astronomers discovered Einstein rings around the center NGC 6505An oval galaxy about 590 million light years from Earth.

The ring around the foreground NGC 6505 is made up of light from even brighter galaxies.

The galaxy in the background is 4.42 billion light years away, and the light is distorted by the force of gravity on its way towards us.

“I think it's very interesting to see this ring within the famous galaxy, first discovered in 1884,” says Dr. Valeria Pettorino, scientist of the ESA Euclid project.

“The galaxy has been known to astronomers for a very long time. Still, this ring has not been observed before.”

“This shows how powerful Euclidean is and we&#39re finding new things in places we thought we knew well.”

“This discovery is extremely encouraging and demonstrates its incredible capabilities for the future of the Euclidean Mission.”

The discovery of the Einstein ring on the NGC 6505 is paper Published in the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics.

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CM Orioludan et al. 2025. Euclid: Complete Einstein Ring for NGC 6505. A&A 694, A145; doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202453014

Source: www.sci.news

Scientists are puzzled by potential shifts in Earth’s core shape

It is not unusual for the Earth’s core to experience changes in its rotational speed and shape over time. However, recent research has revealed some unexpected developments.

Scientists have been debating the reasons behind peculiar alterations in seismic waves caused by earthquakes. One side argues that changes in the rotational speed affect the travel time of the waves, while the other side suggests that alterations in the shape of the inner core are responsible. A new study published in Natural Earth Science by Chinese and US scientists indicates that it could be a combination of both factors.

The study reveals that in 2010, the Earth’s inner core started to rotate faster than other planets, potentially impacting seismic waves with changes near the surface of the core. These waves, similar to X-rays, provide insights into the planet’s interior. The findings are expected to provide more information about the core’s properties and structure.

“These findings present observable changes that offer a clearer understanding of how the inner core evolves over a few years. There could be more surprises in store,” said Professor John Emilio Vidale, the lead author of the study, to BBC Science Focus.

The Earth’s core is almost as hot as the sun’s surface and is located approximately 6,500 km (4,000 miles) below the Earth’s surface, with pressure exceeding that of the deepest ocean depths. Due to these extreme conditions, direct exploration of the core is not feasible.

Scientists rely on seismic waves generated by earthquakes to study the core. By analyzing how these waves travel through different layers of the Earth, including the core, scientists can gain a better understanding of its structure and movement.

In this recent research, the team focused on seismic waves from 121 repeat earthquake pairs in the South Sandwich Islands between 1991 and 2023. By examining changes in the arrival times and waveforms of these signals over decades, the team identified minor shifts in core movement.

These findings revealed interesting trends in the Earth’s inner core. It rotated faster than the mantle and crust for decades before slowing down around 2010. However, some earthquakes showed no significant time shifts, indicating occasional pauses or reversals in rotations.

https://c02.purpledshub.com/uploads/sites/41/2025/02/GettyImages-2148441484.mp4
The Earth’s core is composed of four main layers: the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core.

The study also made secondary findings, suggesting that factors other than rotation might be affecting the inner core. The team believes that viscous transformations near the inner core’s boundary could be influencing its behavior.

While this behavior may appear unstable, further data is needed to confirm its normality and deepen our understanding of how the Earth’s core functions.

According to Vidale, the simplest explanation is that the movement of the outer core initiates rotations in the inner core, readjusting its position over decades. However, the exact mechanisms behind these adjustments remain uncertain.

“The inner core’s movements may not follow a harmonious pattern, as they seem to align with the outer core’s movements,” he explained.

While this study presents intriguing insights into the Earth’s core behavior, it could pave the way for more discoveries in the future. Vidale suggests that further analysis may reveal more about the core’s activity and its potential impact on Earth’s magnetic field and other phenomena.

This could help researchers understand unpredictable occurrences that may affect satellite operations and compass readings, although they may not have a direct impact on daily life.

About our experts

John Vidale is a professor of Earth Sciences and Dean at the University of Southern California. His research focuses on earthquakes, the Earth’s structure, volcanoes, and seismic hazards. Vidale has held various roles in earthquake research institutions and warning systems, contributing significantly to our understanding of seismic events.

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Roman Helmets and Weaponry Unearthed in Denmark

Archaeologists with Vejle Museum unearthed a 1,600-year-old weapon offering, including over 100 spearheads, lances, swords, chainmails, and two fragments of Roman helmets, at the site of Løsning Søndermark, Hedentified, Denmark.

Dr. Elias Witt Thomasen reveals the provision of a massive weapon at the Løsning Søndermark site in Hedensted, Denmark. Image credit: Vejle Museums.

“Two unusual iron plates were excavated during the investigation of one of the largest weapons deposits provided in the home’s mailholes.

“In the beginning, their origins were unknown. However, with the help of x-ray imaging, parents and archaeologists were able to see under the thick layer of rust surrounding the object.”

“The results revealed a very rare find: the ruins of a Roman helmet.”

According to the team, the discovery is the only known Roman helmet discovered in Denmark and the earliest iron helmet in the country.

“The two plates consist of a neck plate of a so-called coat of arms of helmets and decorated cheek plates, a type used in the Roman Empire of the 4th century AD,” the researchers said.

“In southern Scandinavia, Roman helmets from the Iron Age are extremely rare and have no direct similarities to this discovery.”

“There are several similar findings from Thorsbjerg Moor in Schleswig and from South Sweden and Gotland-None in Denmark.”

X-ray image of neck and cheek guards from a Roman helmet. Image credits: Vejle Museums

The finding raises an important question: why were the neck plate and one cheek plate only discovered?

“The answer lies in the nature of postwar rituals in the Iron Age, where weapons and military equipment rarely accumulate intact,” explained Dr. Thomasen.

“The spearhead was separated from the shaft, the blade of the sword was divided into the handle, the equipment was destroyed and divided between the parties involved in the conflict.”

“The missing cheek plates and helmet bowls could be distributed elsewhere.”

“Helmets may have belonged to Germanic warlords who served in Roman auxiliary institutions.

“Or maybe it was plundered from Roman legions in a battle near the Imperial Germanic frontier and later brought to Jatland.”

“In itself, in relation to the broader deposition of weapons and military equipment at the site, the helmet offers valuable insight into the connection between the Iron Age military elite and the powerful southern neighbor, the Roman Empire. .”

Source: www.sci.news

The Impact of Universe Stagnation on Rewriting History

If you ask someone how the universe began, they will probably reply with these three familiar words: the Big Bang. But just like in the 1960s, cosmologists discussed the issue with heat. On the other side of the discussion on the Big Bang was the idea of ​​an unchanging “stable state” universe, whose density was kept the same by continuously adding new problems when it expanded.

Ultimately, observation ruled out the idea of ​​the universe in a stable state and solidified the place of Canon's Big Bang in Cosmology. Its primitive explosion has begun a process of continuous expansion, and cosmologists today see cosmologists as a place of constant flux.

But now, a bold group of cosmologists is questioning everything. To be clear, this is not a return to steady-state universe, but is completely interesting. Researchers suggest that universe history could have been interrupted by a spell of eerie stillness. These periods of stagnation in the universe can occur in such a way that it replaces the entire epoch of traditional universe history, or is spliced ​​within that timeline.

Bold is certainly the term of this hypothesis. “This refers to a completely different family that could have never realised we could have happened before this.” Adrienne Erickcek He was not involved in the work at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. However, when these static periods exist, all sorts of challenges can be solved, including those in which dark matter is being created. Even more exciting, these ideas may be testable soon. …

Source: www.newscientist.com

Dinosaur fossils claimed by ducks found in China

Paleontologists have discovered a fragmentary skeleton of a new Lamboosaurin hadrosaurus dinosaur in the Daranshan Formation in the Cretaceous period of southern China.

Skeletal material present in Lambeosaurin specimens from the Upper Darranshan Formation of Cretaceous period in southern China. Image credit: Wang et al. , doi: 10.1080/08912963.2025.2454652.

The fragmentary skeleton of a single hadrosaurus individual is Daranshan Formation Near Zhaoqing city in Guangdong Province, China.

The specimen is between 70-67 million years old (Maastrichtian Age), and includes vertebrae, humerus, ilium, femur and tibia.

“The specimens were collected from the Sanshui Basin in the northwest of the Pearl River Delta in southern China, the inland basin closest to the South China Sea, a land source in South China,” colleagues.

“A large area of the Upper Cretaceous layer, divided into two large deposition zones, occurs within it.”

“Stratigraphy is well understood, but few vertebrate fossils were found except for the aforementioned Tyrannosauld teeth at the Typingansite.”

“The new Lamboosaurin was found in the red gravel of the second member of the Daranshan Formation.”

Individuals were members of the tribe Lambeo Sauriniotherwise it is not often expressed in the Chinese fossil record.

“The Hadrosaurudoa fossil record occurs throughout the lower and upper Cretaceous layers of the world,” the paleontologist said.

“Hadrosauroids consist of a graded basal member and a derived Hadrosauridae, the latter consisting of the Lamboosaurus River and Hadrosaurinae or Saurolophinae.”

“The most distinctive character that unites the Lambeosaurin hadrosaurin-like group is the hollow skull, formed by the pair's anterior exosarobes and noses, which may have functioned in acoustic and/or visual signaling.”

“The fossil record of Lambo Osaurinae ranges from the Santonian to the Maastrichtian.”

“To date, four species have been discovered in China. Charonosaurus jiayinensis, Jaxartosaurus sp. , Tsintaosaurus Spinorhinusand Sahaliyania Elunchunorum. ”

Researchers say the new specimen is the first known Lamboosaurin in southern China.

“It represents the first hadrosaurus from the Sanshui Basin and the first Lamboosaurin from southern China,” they said.

“This specimen suggests the possibility of future fossil discoveries in Cretaceous sediments of the Sanshui Basin, indicating that the area was once home to typical late Cretaceous Cretaceous dinosaur animals. It's there.”

Team's paper Published in the journal Historical Biology.

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Donghao Wang et al. 2025. The first occurrence of the ducked dinosaur tribe Lambosaurini (Hadrosauridae: Lambosaurinae) in southern China. Historical BiologyPublished online on January 25th, 2025. doi:10.1080/08912963.2025.2454652

Source: www.sci.news

The incredible picture captures the closest Einstein ring ever seen

The closest Einstein ring ever picked up by the European Space Agency's Euclidean Space Telescope

ESA

Astronomers have identified the closest Einstein ring ever. This is a rare phenomenon in which light from even more off-the-sea galaxies bend due to the gravity of galaxies near Earth. The ring was previously thought to be one galaxy, and was identified over 100 years ago.

Such a galaxy lens, the closest astronomer to date, was predicted by Albert Einstein in 1936 from his general theory of relativity. At the time, he thought it was impossible to observe such an effect. In fact, if he had a strong enough telescope, he would have seen it. “It was there all along, but we didn't know.” Thomas Collett At the University of Portsmouth, UK.

Colette and his team are about 600 million light years from Earth, and the oval galaxy NGC 6505, first discovered in 1884, is actually the second galaxy behind about 600 million light years from Earth. I noticed that the light was bent.

Close-up of Einstein Ring

ESA/Euclid/Euclid Consortium/NASA, J.-C. Image processing by Cuillandre, T. Li

Team Members Bruno Artieri We observed Einstein rings at the European Space Agency while verifying early test data from the Euclidean telescope. “There was this abundant and obvious Einstein ring. There aren't many in the universe that can produce rings like this,” says Colette.

“We would have expected about one of three opportunities to find something as spectacular as this throughout the research,” he says. “It's essentially a great fortune to find it in the first data. This is probably the most beautiful lens we find on a mission.”

The ring itself is very bright compared to most Einstein rings we know, Colette says. This is not only very close to us, but also due to the Euclidean imaging capabilities. “I'm like someone with poor eyesight,” says Colette. This makes it easy to see four images of distant galaxies. The faint orange lights surrounding the bright ring are the galaxy of Rensing.

Bringing the Einstein ring closer to Earth allows us to test relativity in ways that we cannot do with other distant lenses, says Colette. This is because galaxies can be measured in two ways. , often too far to measure accurately. Einstein's general theory of relativity states that these masses should be the same, so if there are differences it may suggest that the theory of gravity should be revised.

When Colette and his colleagues measured the mass of the lensed galaxy, they also found a slightly higher number than possible from the galaxy's estimated number of stars. This could be due to the dark matter aggregation together at Galaxy's Center. Frédéric Dux He says observatory in southern Europe needs to find more Einstein lenses to check.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

22 states sue Trump administration for cutting funding to research projects

A lawsuit was filed by 22 state attorney generals on Monday. They opposed the Trump administration’s decision to cut research funding by restricting how universities and research institutions are reimbursed for “indirect costs.”

The lawsuit names both the National Institutes of Health and the Department of Health and Human Services as Defendants, stating that the impact of the changes in indirect rates announced on Friday would be “immediate and catastrophic.”

NIH revealed on Friday that it will cap indirect funding for research projects at 15% and significantly decrease the federal government’s funding for research institutions for equipment, maintenance, utilities, support staff, and more. Previously, these rates were negotiated with the agencies. The new policy took effect on Monday for all new and existing NIH grants.

The lawsuit, filed on Monday in U.S. District Court in Massachusetts and led by the attorney generals of Illinois and Michigan, alleges that the NIH violated the Administrative Procedure Act and disregarded the will of Congress, which aimed to prevent changes in indirect cost rates since 2018.

All Democratic state Attorneys General are part of this lawsuit.

The lawsuit demands a temporary restraining order and an injunction to prevent the NIH from implementing the new rules.

Scientists have warned that reducing indirect costs will negatively impact research efforts, hinder basic science research, and potentially impede disease research and new discoveries.

In response to the proposed changes, the University of California System stated that this will significantly reduce personnel and services, affecting education, training, patient care, basic research, and clinical trials.

Supporters of the NIH policy change argue that indirect costs are currently excessive and need to be controlled.

According to a Friday post by x, Katie Miller from the newly formed Government Efficiency Bureau, or Doge, stated: “This will reduce Harvard’s exorbitant costs by $150 million annually.”

Source: www.nbcnews.com

Can your diet impact your risk of developing dementia?

As we age, we naturally struggle to remember our memories. However, the condition that usually occurs later in life is dementiawhich can cause more severe memory loss. Dementia can affect our quality of life by making it difficult to remember important information, such as our age, phone number, home address, and the names of loved ones. Although there is no treatment for dementia, researchers have investigated the impact of different lifestyle choices on the risks of developing it.

A team of researchers recently analyzed the effects of diet on individuals who are sensitive to the onset of dementia and depression. These researchers previously found that both dementia and depression are associated with brain cells formed in areas that create new memories. Hippocampus. This process is known as Neurogenesis in the hippocampus, and IT problems involving cells dying at increasingly high speeds can exacerbate the risk of dementia and depression. The researchers mentioned the genetic predisposition of people with problems with neurogenesis in the hippocampus in terms they coined. Biological sensitivity of neurogenesis centers.

The researchers wanted to determine whether their diet affects neurogenesis in the hippocampus. They looked for either an increased or reduced risk of dementia and depression, depending on what participants ate. Other dementia researchers focus primarily on: Mediterranean diet Reduced the risk of dementia. In contrast, these researchers have shown that the relationship between several vitamins and food groups and conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, blood vessels and other types of dementia, depression, and general cognitive decline. We focused on neurogenesis sensitivity.

The team worked with 371 people without dementia, with an average age of 76 at the start of the exam. First, the researchers obtained blood samples from each participant to assess nutritional levels. Information from blood samples was then used to identify those who met and did not meet the criteria for neurogenesis-centered biosensitivity. Finally, they recorded the participants' medical history and paid attention to their medication.

After they gathered this initial information, they met with participants every two years for 12 years. They interviewed them about their diet during their first two years of follow-up visit. They also monitored their mental abilities and emotional states with each visit. Over the course of 12 years, 21% of participants developed dementia and 29% experienced symptoms related to depression.

After a 12-year trial, the researchers assessed how each participant's diet affected the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, or depression. They are Odds ratio, Odds ratios above 1 mean that individuals are at a higher risk of developing these conditions, and odds ratios below 1 reduce the risk. They found that sensitive participants who reported a greater chicken diet, such as chicken or turkey, had an odds ratio of 0.9, or a lower risk for Alzheimer's disease. On the other hand, for Alzheimer's disease, those who reported a diet consisting of large amounts of lean meat, such as beef and pork, showed 1.1 or increased risk.

Scientists also found that vulnerable participants who consumed large amounts of vitamin D in fatty fish, fortified milk and grains were either an increased odds ratio, or a risk for vascular dementia. . They found susceptible individuals who consumed more vitamin E forms found in whole grains, lush greens, and nuts. γ-Tocopherolshowed an increased odds ratio or risk for depression. However, researchers noted that diet did not affect whether an individual experiences natural cognitive decline, and did not affect the risk of dementia in people who are not sensitive to it.

Scientists concluded that eating more poultry than lean meat could reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease in individuals with neurogenetic-centered biological sensitivity. However, since these vitamins should benefit human health, they did not expect vitamins D and E to increase the risk of dementia and depression, respectively. Regardless of these nuances, researchers suggested that understanding the relationship between meat consumption and Alzheimer's disease could improve the later health of those with that tendency.


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Source: sciworthy.com

The power of subterranean pressure is reshaping the Earth’s inner core.

Diagram showing the inner structure of the Earth

Rostislav Zatonskiy/Alamy

The inner core of Earth’s solids appears to have changed shape over the last 20 years or so, according to seismic wave measurements, but the behavior of these waves can also be explained by other shifts at the center of the planet.

Since the 1990s, models and earthquake measurements have shown that the inner core of Earth’s iron nickel moves at its own pace. Over decades, the inner core rotation is faster, slower than other planets, affecting the length of the day and more.

These rotational changes are primarily due to magnetic forces produced by convection in the Earth’s liquid outer core, they say. John Vidale At the University of Southern California. “That flow constantly torques the inner core.”

These magnetic forces, or related processes, can change the shape of the inner core and its rotation. In fact, previous measurements of seismic waves passing through the center of the planet seem to show just that. However, uncertainty regarding the rotation of the core made it impossible to distinguish between rotational changes and shape changes.

Now, Vidale and his colleagues are analyzing seismic waves generated by 128 earthquakes off the coast of South America between 1991 and 2023. All waves were measured by Alaskan instruments after passing through the planet.

From these, researchers have identified 168 sets of seismic waves that have passed through or near the same area of ​​the inner core, but have been away for years. It was only possible to identify these matches Recent work Vidale says it will better constrain the variation in rotation of the inner core.

Both waves of each pair that did not pass through the inner core shared a similar pattern, suggesting that in the region within the planet nothing had changed between the first and second earthquakes. Masu. However, the waves of the pair crossed with the inner core did not match.

Researchers say this suggests that the inner core not only slows down and speeds up rotation for decades but also changes shape. They say that these changes are magnetically pulled at the less viscous edge of the inner core of the solid or interaction between the inner core and the structure of the planetary core and the lower mantle. They say it is likely caused by interactions between the layers. The crust.

hrvojetkalčić At Australian National University, which was not involved in the study, this is a “step” to resolve changes in the internal core beyond rotation. However, he says that the shape change is not the only explanation for the seismic waves of incongruity.

As Vidale and his colleagues acknowledge, these differences can also be caused by unrelated changes in the outer core, convection within the inner core itself, or by eruption of melted material from the inner core. There is. “It’s really hard to tell,” Bidal says. He suggests that studying more repeated earthquakes in the future will help identify changes in more detail.

Tkalčić says seismological measurements in remote areas such as the seabed are also useful. “This is important for understanding the deepest inner evolution of Earth, from the time of the planetary layers to the present,” he says.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Gamers inundate with complaints after PlayStation Network shutdown

The PlayStation Network (PSN) is currently experiencing technical difficulties, causing online gamers worldwide to be unable to access weekend events.

PSN is a service utilized by Sony PlayStation console users to connect to online gaming networks, enabling them to play with other gamers globally.

The outage started in the UK late on Friday night, affecting approximately 71,000 gamers who have reported the problem on the PlayStation website, with many losing access to the online game lobby, PlayStation store, and their online accounts.

PSN offers subscriptions at different price points, ranging from £13.49 per month to £119.99 per month for a premium subscription. Users have been expressing their frustration over these costs when addressing Sony.

During weekends, specific games hold special tournaments and events, such as Electronic Arts’ FC 25 with its “weekend leagues” on the ultimate team platform. Additionally, Call of Duty fans will miss out on promotional weekends and Double XP events in Black Ops 6 and Warzone due to the ongoing PSN disruption.

Many disgruntled PlayStation users have taken to social media to voice their displeasure with the outage through memes, jokes, and complaints.

One user wrote, “Let’s be honest. Everyone should get free PS Plus this month. Paying a monthly fee only for the network to go down over the weekend is unacceptable.” Another user expressed frustration about missing out on gaming time due to the server issues.

Sony is actively working to resolve the problem and has advised users to check their digital services for updates. The Guardian has reached out to PlayStation, Electronic Arts, and Activision Blizzard for comments on the situation.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Curious about the end of the world? Check out this Wikipedia page on the topic

tHe’s the way the world ends: not with bangs, but… rounded? According to my favorite Wikipedia wormhole, it is the number of possible ways our universe can bite about 100 quin desirion (give or take several losses) into a bullet a few years from now. It’s just one.

To me, Wikipedia looks harmless A distant future timeline Page (along with its existentially miserable nature, The ultimate fate of the universe) The perfect encapsulation of the built-in dissonance of the Internet is monolithic in meaning, but in its presentation it is very pedestrian. It provides a heart-warming snapshot of scientific theory wrapped in boring color-coded spreadsheets. Catalogs the theoretical extinction of Y chromosomes five million years later.

Every year human history has its own dedicated Wikipedia page, 719BC (When Zhou Huan Wang clearly didn’t happen much other than becoming the ruler of China). Although nature has younger years than others, these pages generally provide useful TLs of major world events, famous births and deaths, astronomical phenomena.

However, if you scroll through the 2020s, you will see that 2026, 2027, 2028 and more continue. The cleverly dull Wikipedia interface remains unchanged in the cedees of recorded history Speculative history.

The audience at John Cage’s performance was as late as possible. This is scheduled to begin in 2001 and close in 2640. Photo: Markus Schreiber/AP

It is possible to surf Wikipedia in the very distant future. Each page provides the best guesses of the current year, ten years, century, or the millennium may have. In 2029, “Digital Time Capsule “Message from Earth” reaches the destination of Earth’s Gliese 581c.” In 2085, “Queen Elizabeth II’s “Secret” letter will be opened in Sydney.” In 2140, “It is expected that all of the approximately 21 million Bitcoins will be mined.”

It was a troubling combination of asteroid near misses, severe climate catastrophes, strange geopolitics, until around the 24th century, when he had the same surname in 2531, a “negative bear-spot paradox” in 2353. is. “John Cage’s organ’s performance in 639 will be as slow as possible,” he said in 2640.

It’s been a while since the movie was 2012. Will the world end up with “a big freeze, a big crunch, a big bounce, a big rift, or actually a big round lup?” Photo: Sony/Sportsphoto/Allstar

From there, all roads lead to a timeline of the distant future. Here we see the explosive red hyper-illusions that appear in the daytime sky, the addition of daily moments on Earth, planetary collisions, ocean evaporation, space-time singularities, pyramidal erosion, Mars terra formation, black holes, Boltzmann’s You can learn about brain erosion of the brain. The final ending ext of JavaScript (time of death: 275,760 September 13th).

Truly adventurous people can delve deeper into the ultimate fate of the universe, which reads like a tasting menu to completely disappear. Is it a big freeze, a big crunch, a big bounce, a big rift, or actually a big round thing?

Wikipedia, like other encyclopedias, was not designed to induce emotions, but the pure spiritual weight of the information made me feel a bit of awe-inspiring. It may not be possible. When I read these completely benign “Astro Engineering Project” and “Femtosecond Laser Etched Nanostructures”, I feel my little human brain stabbing against the limits of that imagination You can do it.

Some people have explained that they are in a small mood in honor, looking up at the stars on a sunny night. Scrolling through these Wikipedia pages and reading history before it happens, I get the same feeling. My little desk, my little keyboard is doing my little work, and my head is in the world where future archaeologists identify the “urban strata” of fossilized coastal cities I’m trying to wrap it around. Next, close all browser tabs and compete for Pilates.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Fear of AI’s global impact drives decisions at Paris Summit on Inequality

The global summit in Paris, attended by political leaders, technical executives, and experts, opened with a focus on the impact of artificial intelligence on the environment and inequality.

Anne Bouverot, Emmanuel Macron’s AI envoy, addressed the environmental impact of AI at the two-day gathering at Grand Palais in Paris.

Bouverot emphasized the potential of AI to mitigate climate change but also highlighted the current unsustainable trajectory. Sustainable development of technology was a key agenda item.

Christy Hoffman from the UNI Global Union emphasized the importance of involving workers in AI technologies to prevent increased inequality. Without workers’ representation, AI could exacerbate existing inequalities and strain democracy further.

Safety concerns were raised at the conference, with attendees expressing worries about the rapid pace of AI development.

Max Tegmark, a scientist, warned that the development of powerful AI systems could lead to unintended consequences similar to the scenarios depicted in a climate crisis satire film. His concerns echoed those from a previous summit in the UK.

The Paris summit, co-chaired by Macron and India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi, focused on AI action. However, safety discussions were prominent given the potential risks associated with the development of artificial general intelligence (AGI).

Demis Hassabis, head of Google’s AI efforts, mentioned that achieving AGI is likely within the next five years and emphasized the need for society to prepare for its impact.

Hassabis expressed confidence in human ingenuity to address the risks associated with AGI, particularly in autonomous systems. He believed that with enough focus and attention, these concerns could be alleviated.

Source: www.theguardian.com

British Minister: Leading AI Races Must Be Western, Free, and Democratic

Before the global AI summit in Paris, British technology secretary warns that Western, liberal, democratic countries should lead artificial intelligence races, hinting at China’s involvement in the competition. He emphasized the importance of liberal values in advancing AI technology.

Peter Kyle mentioned that political leaders and tech executives will convene in France to discuss the emergence of a new Chinese AI powerhouse, posing a challenge to Silicon Valley’s dominance. Kyle highlighted the UK’s potential to lead AI development.

The summit aims to facilitate collaboration between global leaders and businesses to showcase the UK’s expertise and role in advancing AI technology. Kyle stressed the significance of democratic countries maintaining leadership in this critical field.

Kyle also emphasized the impact of AI on various sectors, including national security and defense. He underscored the need for democratic principles to guide the development and deployment of AI technology.

The emergence of Deepseek, a Chinese AI model, has sparked competition among countries and businesses to accelerate their efforts in technology development. Kyle expressed enthusiasm and determination to stay competitive in the AI race.

The AI Litigation Summit, co-hosted by French President Emmanuel Macron and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, will bring together top leaders and tech experts to discuss AI advancements and global governance.

Peter Kyle said the government “has an agency on how this technology is developed, deployed and consumed.” Photo: Linda Nylind/The Guardian

Kyle defended the decision of British Prime Minister not to attend the summit, highlighting the government’s role in shaping the AI action plan. He stressed the importance of focusing on issues such as work, culture, and global governance in the summit.

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The summit aims to promote sustainable AI development and make technology more environmentally friendly and accessible worldwide. It also addresses concerns about using copyrighted material to build AI models and emphasizes the importance of safety and transparency in AI development.

Kyle announced plans to establish an “AI Growth Zone” in the UK to support the training and operation of AI systems. The government aims to revitalize regions that have historically lagged behind in technological advancements.

Efforts are underway to provide energy infrastructure to support the growth zone and enhance the country’s capacity to lead in AI technology. The government is working with network operators to meet the energy demands of AI data centers.

The government has identified potential sites for the AI Growth Zone, including regions in Scotland, Wales, and England. Kyle highlighted the opportunity for energy-intensive regions to benefit from AI technology advancements.

The upcoming summit aims to address concerns and promote trust and safety in AI development, ensuring that AI technology benefits both people and the planet.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Why Your Brain Keeps Chattering at Night (and How to Quiet it Down)

The human brain is like an electrified sphere, considered the most complex object in the universe. Sometimes, don’t you wish it would just quiet down, especially at night?

One common symptom of insomnia is a racing mind when trying to sleep. Our brains bounce thoughts around like a pinball machine due to caffeine, anxiety, or stress.

This mental perturbation includes repetitive negative thoughts that we may not even be aware of, focusing on mistakes and worrying about the future.

While this is challenging for those with mental health conditions, it affects everyone when overwhelmed with tasks or life challenges.

Insomnia affects about 1 in 3 people – Photo Credit: Getty

Psychologist Dr. Luc Beaudoin believes that cognitive shuffle, a technique that mimics the brain’s natural processes during sleep onset, can help control runaway thoughts while trying to sleep.

The cognitive shuffle involves imagining unrelated images, like a photo show, to bring light structure to racing thoughts. By focusing on connecting images related to a chosen word, it aims to quiet the mind before falling asleep.

Counting sheep may not be as effective as cognitive shuffle – Photo credit: Getty

Cognitive shuffling strikes a balance between conscious and unconscious thoughts, keeping unwanted thoughts at bay without overwhelming executive functioning.

Dr. Beaudoin’s broader sleep initiation theory, Somnolent Information Processing, explores factors that help or hinder the process, with spiritual perturbation as a common hindrance.

Cognitive shuffling is still under research, but promising results suggest it can aid sleep initiation along with other scientifically proven techniques.

About our experts

Dr. Luc Beaudoin is an adjunct professor at Simon Fraser University and founder of Cogsest. He has published books on cognitive productivity and is recognized in various academic journals.

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

UK Zone Electricity Pricing Benefits High-tech Companies Burning AI Data Centres

High-tech companies are urging the UK government to support the growth of AI data centers in remote areas of the UK by offering the lowest electricity prices in Europe.

A report commissioned by high-tech companies Amazon and Openai calls on the government to reform the UK electricity market by implementing zonal pricing, where prices vary based on different zones to incentivize investment in areas with lower electricity costs.

This zonal pricing model, according to a report by SMF Think Tank, highlights Scotland as a hotspot for AI data centers due to its abundant wind farms and population density.

Political leader Keir Starmer has emphasized the importance of artificial intelligence in positioning the UK as a global technology leader.

However, concerns have been raised about hosting data centers in the UK due to high industrial electricity prices and ambitious targets to phase out fossil fuels from the electricity system.

The SMF report suggests that zonal pricing could significantly reduce electricity costs for data centers, making Scotland’s electricity prices the lowest in Europe.

Support for zonal pricing has been recommended by cross-party Think Tanks to expedite the deployment of AI data centers by connecting more low-carbon electricity to the grid and addressing planning delays.

The report also backs the government’s plan to build small modular reactors outside traditional nuclear areas to facilitate the development of Data Centre Hubs in England and Wales.

According to Sam Robinson of SMF, urgent action is needed to address rising energy costs and planning delays to maintain the UK’s position as a global innovation leader.

Zone pricing alignment has garnered support from SMF clients and tech companies in government consultations on the future of electricity markets.

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The proposed zoning system aims to attract high-energy users to regions with lower electricity prices, creating new job opportunities outside of southeastern England while balancing demand on the local grid.

However, concerns have been raised that changes in energy pricing may impact profitability of remote clean energy projects, potentially hindering investment in green energy.

The government is expected to make a decision on the future of the electricity market in the coming months.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Gambling companies caught sharing user data with Facebook without consent

The gambling company is secretly tracking visitors to its website and sending data to Facebook’s parent company without obtaining consent, a clear violation of data protection laws.

Meta, the owner of Facebook, uses this data to profile individuals as gamblers and bombard them with ads from casinos and betting sites, as reported by the observer. Hidden tracking tools embedded in many UK gambling websites extract visitor data and share it with social media companies.

According to the law, data should only be used and shared for marketing purposes with explicit permission from users on the website. However, an investigation by the observer found numerous violations across 150 gambling sites.

A call for immediate intervention was made by Ian Duncan Smith, chairman of the All-Parliamentary Group on Gambling Reform, criticizing the illegal use of tools like Metapixel without consent. Concerns were raised about the lack of regulation and accountability in the gambling industry.

Data sharing and profiling practices by gambling operators are raising concerns about targeted advertising and potential harm to individuals. The Information Committee (ICO) has taken action against companies like Sky Betting & Gaming for illegally processing personal data.

The gambling industry is under scrutiny for its marketing strategies, with calls for stricter regulations to protect consumers. Meta and other social media platforms are being called out for their role in facilitating these illegal data practices.

Concerns about the misuse of Metapixel tracking tools extend beyond the gambling industry to other sectors, prompting calls for more transparency and accountability in data collection and usage.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Exploring the Exciting World of Meme Coins: From Dogecoin to $Trump

tA few days before his inauguration as US president, Donald Trump made an extraordinary move. He launched Trump, a so-called meme coin that fans and speculators can buy in the hopes of gaining value. Initially, $Trump surged from a value of $75 to $75 per coin in a day, according to Crypto’s price tracking website CoinMarketCap. Two days later, it fell to about $40. Just like the next First Lady Melania Trump launched her own meme coin, $ Melania. Even the pastor at Trump’s inauguration, Lorenzo Swell, promoted the $Lorenzo edition the same afternoon, sweeping it out into a frenzy of memecoin.

So, what exactly is a meme coin? And why are everyone and their pastors suddenly involved?
Memecoin is a type of digital assets based on memes. Usually it becomes a virus online. Best known is Dogecoin, inspired by a popular meme featuring a wave dog talking in the cartoon Sands. However, Dogecoin is a bit different from the many recent memecoin masses, according to Simon Peters, Crypto analyst at trading platform Etoro. DogeCoin, released in 2013, has its own blockchain. This is a decentralized ledger technology that supports cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. The majority of other meme coins are “tokens.” In other words, it runs on an existing blockchain, so it is rarely necessary for technological development methods.

These tokens are very easy to make. There are millions. The only real purpose of most meme coins is speculation. Users create or buy in the hope that their value will rise and they can make more money very quickly.

Sounds advantageous, what is the catch?
In reality, the majority of people lose money. Most meme coins are volatile and short-lived. Peters also says they are susceptible to what is called a “pump and dump” scheme or “ragpull.” This allows creators to keep many tokens themselves, hype their projects on social media to attract other buyers, increase value, throw away all tokens, flood the market and crash prices. “Then everyone moves on to another person,” says Carol Alexander, a professor of finance at the University of Sussex. Given that the crypto market is largely unregulated, investors can hardly rely on them when something goes wrong.




The First Lady also launched her own meme coin, $ Melania. Photo: Beata Zawrzel/Shutterstock

There are no regulators or guardrails.
All of this hasn’t put off people, and there’s been a boom in memecoin over the past year. Alexander compares it to previous trends around the NFTS. There are several reasons for recent interest. In January 2024, Pump.Fun, a platform that allows anyone to easily create meme coins, was launched (although it was blocked in December, but
Warnings from Financial Conduct Authorities). The crypto-friendly Trump election may have encouraged the community as well. But the key drivers of the meme coins are “wanting to try out young men, disillusioned and rich people quickly,” says Alexander.

That would explain why they are based on internet jokes and pale humor
surely. At the time of writing, I will refer to some top meme coins. Shiba inu variety is a specific touch point. Others include Pepe tokens based on cartoon frog memes related to Alt-right, and Gigachad tokens that refer to the “alpha male” meme. Meme subjects also tried to push the viral fame into the profits of the code: In December, Harry Welch is known as “Hawk Tou Girl,” after a viral video referring to oral sex, but $hok Tokens have been released.
Losing 95% of its value).

Bitcoin and meme coins Is it essentially the same?
Meme Coins has the foundation of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, but early Bitcoin developer Mike Hearn says it has little to do with the original Crypto Vision. He left the Bitcoin community in January 2016. Because he disagreed with the direction it was heading. He wanted to see cryptocurrencies that are used as real alternatives to traditional finances, rather than just speculative assets. The meme coins are a continuation of this trend, he says: “They are basically in the form of gambling, like a more uplifting version of the stock market, but they have little to do with anything concrete. There is none.”

To me it doesn’t sound as crazy as an online betting site…
Next, consider the story of Andy Ayrey, a New Zealand-based artist who trains an AI language model and sets up an X account @truth_terminal. Ayrey explains that bots are like teenagers “without a social awareness of when, when, or not.” Truth Terminal especially enjoyed posting about Goatse, an unsafe work meme that became part of early internet lore.

After interacting with X’s Crypto account, AI became interested in Meme Coins, and Ayrey set up a Crypto wallet for that. Then things got weird. Inspired by the bot’s post, strangers – Irey says who doesn’t know – created a yads-themed token with pump.fun and sent it to the true device. Truth Terminal promotes the token on its account, and “all hell was unleashed,” says Ayrey. The market capitalization of the token – the total value of all tokens – shot. According to Coinmarketcap, it reached over $1.2 billion, about a month after its launch.

AI later became involved in another meme coin, Faltcoin, based on a rather relevant meme (again, Early says he doesn’t know who the creator is). Fartcoin has reached a peak market capitalization of over $2.3 billion.

So Was Irey a quids?
It’s not that simple. Through the overall experience, Ayrey introduced some of the issues with Meme Coins. He discovered that the value on paper covers a lot of what he can actually get because of the low liquidity. As soon as you sell a token, its value decreases and it will have a negative effect on others who have the token. Ultimately, he signed private contracts with several investors based on not throwing Falzcoin into the market. He admits it is interesting to have to talk to finance and tax authorities about “far liquidation.” He believes this is part of the appeal of Meme Coin fans. “The more people get mad about it, the more people are, the more people find it interesting and the more fatcoin is, the higher the fatcoin,” he says.

Who is making money?
According to Alexander, the main people who make money from crypto are institutional investors, trading companies that use strategies that are not permitted in regular stock trading. “All the big professional traders are making billions to come, and ordinary people are losing money,” she says.

And Trump?
Alexander thinks his meme coins are slightly different from many coins. It’s a potential alternative to speculation, and users buy it to show support for the President. This is similar to a “fan token” just like something produced by sports teams and athletes. The Trump Token has attracted criticism due to conflicts of interest. Among other concerns, Trump
Owns one of the entities that collect transaction fees. Alexander believes that the coin’s motivation is simple. “It just shows that he can do this,” she says. “He can do whatever he likes and he knows that.”

Source: www.theguardian.com

Planets of the Solar System

In the southwestern sky, Venus shines the brightest and is easy to spot. Saturn can be seen below Venus, but as the days progress, the other visible planets become harder to spot, sinking lower in the sky each day after sunset. Jupiter can be found in the southern part of the evening sky, while Mars appears in the eastern sky. Mercury should also be visible to the naked eye, but it is challenging to find due to its proximity to the sun.

By February 24th, mercury will be further from the sun, making it easier to spot after sunset near Saturn in the western sky.

For skywatchers with binoculars and telescopes, Uranus and Neptune can also be spotted with dedication, patience, and a Starchart, according to Faherty.

NASA refers to this event as the “Planet Parade,” where multiple bright planets are visible simultaneously overhead. This phenomenon occurs when all planets in our solar system orbit the sun on relatively flat disc-shaped planes, akin to cars on a racetrack. Each planet orbits the sun at different rates, resulting in them lining up in the sky at different points, like cars on a track.

The planetary parade will continue until February, with more opportunities to view multiple bright planets in the sky in the months and years ahead, including instances of four planets lining up before sunrise in late August, five planets before sunrise in October 2028, and five planets after sunset in February 2034.

Faherty sees this event as a great educational opportunity for newcomers to explore the universe in an engaging way, as the sky is always changing and full of surprises.

Source: www.nbcnews.com

Staff laid off and map tools shut down amidst a tumultuous week at EPA

summary

  • Over the past two weeks, EPA staff have had to compete with dramatic reforms at the agency.
  • Approximately 1,100 “probation” employees were said to be possible to be fired, and 168 staff working on environmental justice issues have been taken on leave.
  • Lee Zeldin, new manager at the EPA, said agency priorities include improving AI and automotive jobs.

Lee Zeldin led the Environmental Protection Agency in a short and a half weeks. HR movements shaking wildly, rattling some staff, like many others.

On the day of Zeldin's confirmation last week, the EPA notified about 1,100 “probation” employees that they could close at any time for less than one year.

Then on Thursday, the agency placed 168 staff members on administrative leave. The affected people were working on environmental justice issues across the EPA's 10 regional offices and headquarters.

This week, the agency removed an online mapping tool called EJScreen. It was being used by federal, state and local governments to make decisions that support environmental justice. The term explains the idea that people should have equitable access to a clean, healthy environment, and that some underserved communities face historically unbalanced environmental harms. It refers to. For example, state highway agencies You can use EJScreen Check demographic information for which the road construction project was planned.

Zeldin took on his post a day after a federal worker received a “road fork” email offering resignation shopping. Their deadline to accept the offer was Thursday night, but a federal judge put the initiative on hold that day, following legal challenges from the union. The program will be blocked until at least Monday.

in Addresses to staff viewed by over 10,000 people On Tuesday, Zeldin said he has the authority to streamline the EPA and reduce the waste in it.

“We accused Congress of being as efficient as possible with the taxes sent to us,” Zeldin said, adding that Americans “are feeling a lot of financial pain.” Ta.

His initial actions and the shock they inflict on staff suggest that Zeldin and the Trump administration are not wasting time dramatically reworking the EPA and redefine its purpose. .

Environmental Protection Agency spokesman Molly Vaserio said the EPA is focused on adhering to President Donald Trump's executive orders, including an order entitled “Extreme and Waste Government DEI Program.” Ta.

“The EPA is enthusiastically implementing President Trump's executive order and subsequent related implementation memos. President Trump has been elected to delegate from the Americans to do this,” Vaselio said. .

Several EPA staff members said fear and hype quickly permeated the agency.

“The past two weeks have been pretty scary,” said Marie Owens Powell, chairman of the U.S. Government Employees Federation Council 238, the union representing around 8,500 EPA staff. “Every day, it was something. It was exhausting.”

Powell worked As an EPA Storage Tank InspectorAdded that there were other recent surprises, such as when the pronouns of staff preference were removed from email signatures without notice.

Another EPA worker asked that his name not be made public due to fear of retaliation, but explained that the feeling was “limbo” or “purgatory.”

“We are afraid of doing work that can be seen as completely opposed to the executive order or against Trump's agenda. We want to speak up and push back. But the fear is obvious,” the staff said. “We're all waiting to see who's next.”

Vaseliou met with staff at the Career EPA to visit several disaster sites, including East Palestine, Ohio, and visited several disaster sites, including trains carrying chemicals in February 2023, and to visit several disaster sites, and toxins. He said he had spent his first few weeks of emitting smoke. He also went to Los Angeles. There, a wildfire that broke out last month raided thousands of homes and headed to West North Carolina where Hurricane Helene killed dozens of people.

In Zeldin's news release on Tuesday We laid out five priorities For the EPA under his leadership, including an effort to “pursuing energy independence,” we will develop “the cleanest energy on the planet” to ensure clean air and water. However, some of his agenda diverges from the core mission of the EPA, at least as it operates under past administrations. These include advances in artificial intelligence, reforming and reviving permits for auto work.

Jeremy Simmons, senior adviser to the Environmental Protection Network, a former EPA staff group, said he is worried about the direction the agency is on the lead, based on Zeldin's statement.

“If you're worried about toxic contamination in your community, it's difficult to see yourself on that agenda,” said Symons, who worked at the EPA from 1994 to 2001, in the service of the political agenda. ”

Congressional Democrats appear to be preparing for the fight for the future of the EPA. D-Mass. Sen. Ed Markey of the group attempted to enter agency headquarters on Thursday, calling for a meeting with representatives from Elon Musk's Government Efficiency Bureau.

“We just went in and asked for a meeting with a representative from Doge. We were denied and we were turned away,” Markey said at a press conference outside the building.

Vaseliou said he had not taken the appropriate steps necessary to allow Markey to enter headquarters and described the event as a “promotion stunt.”

A Markey spokesperson said Thursday that the senator has not received confirmation as to whether Doge's representatives are at the EPA. However, multiple sources say the names of workers that NBC News identified as members of Doge member Cole Killian were listed in the EPA directory.

Emails to Killian's EPA email requesting an interview were not immediately returned. Vaseliou did not answer questions about Killian or whether he was connected to Doge.

When asked about Marquee's concerns on Thursday, White House deputy press secretary Harrison Fields said Democrats were “gaslighting” about Doge's mission.

“To reduce waste, fraud, abuse and become a better steward of the hard-earned dollars for American taxpayers may be a crime for Democrats, but it's not a crime in court,” Fields said. I said that.

Source: www.nbcnews.com

$5 billion Electric Vehicle Charging Program Suspended by Trump Administration

The Trump administration has directed US states to halt the $5 billion electric vehicle charging station program, dealing another blow to the environmental movement since the president’s return to the White House.

In a notice issued on Thursday, the Federal Highways Agency (FHWA) of the Transportation Agency ordered states not to utilize funds allocated under the Biden administration’s National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) program.

Emily Biondi, assistant manager of planning, environment, and real estate at FHWA, wrote in a memo, “The new leadership of the Department of Transportation has chosen to reassess the policies guiding the implementation of the NEVI Formula Program.” Biondi added, “Therefore, the current NEVI Formula Program Guidance dated June 11, 2024, supersedes all previous versions of this guidance.”

Biondi further stated, “As a consequence of the withdrawal of guidance for the NEVI Formula Program, FHWA has ceased immediately the approval of all plans for electric vehicle infrastructure deployment in all states. Therefore, the updated final NEVI Formula Program is effective immediately. No new obligations will be incurred under the NEVI Formula Program until new guidance is issued and new state plans are submitted and approved.”

Biondi mentioned that existing obligations for the design and construction of charging stations will be reimbursed to prevent disruption in current financial commitments until new guidance is issued.

According to the page on the Energy Department website, the NEVI program funds states to strategically deploy EV chargers, covering up to 80% of qualified project costs.

In a report by Politico on Thursday, FHWA has removed several website pages containing information about the NEVI program.

Andrew Rogers, a former FHWA administrator under the Biden administration, stated to Politico that the memo “appears to disregard federal court rulings and multiple injunctions.”

Currently, 14 states have operational EV stations, as reported by EV Clearing House. As of November last year, there was an 83% increase in open NEVI ports from the previous quarter, with 126 public charging ports at 31 NEVI stations in nine states.

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A total of 41 states have released solicitations for EV charging stations, with over 3,560 fast charging ports at more than 890 locations.

During his campaign, Trump opposed EVs, suggesting that EV supporters should “rot in hell” and that Biden’s backing of EVs would lead to a “bloodbath” in the US automotive industry.

One of the executive orders Trump signed shortly after taking office aimed to ensure that half of all new vehicles for sale in the US between 2021 and 2030 would be revoked.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Certain plesio sauces feature sleek skin, scales, and flippers

Paleontologists have examined the 183 million-year-old Pleciosaurus skeleton from the early Jurassic Posidonia shale in Southern Germany with well-preserved skin traces around the tail and front flippers.



Reconstruction of Jurassic Plesiosaurus from Posidonian Shale in Southern Germany. Image credit: Joschua Knüppe.

Plesiosaurs (Greek “near”) is a symbolic group of Mesozoic marine reptiles with a rich history of evolution.

These creatures roamed the vast Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous seas between 235 and 66 million years ago.

They had a wide, flat body and a short tail, a long neck, and four long propulsive flippers that they used to “fly” through the water.

Their teeth were cone-shaped, sturdy, sharp, robust, ideal for stabbing and killing large animals.

Pleciosaurus fossils have been found on all continents on Earth, with important discoveries in Australia, Europe and North America.

However, it is very rare to associate with fossilized soft tissues.

“Fossilized soft tissues such as skin and internal organs are extremely rare,” said Miguel Marx, Ph.D. A student at Lund University.

“We used a wide range of techniques to identify smooth skin in the tail area and scales along the rear edge of the flipper.”

“This provided unparalleled insight into the appearance and biology of these long, repeating reptiles.”



Compare Jurassic Plesiosaurus specimens from Posidonia shales in Southern Germany. Image credit: Marx et al. , doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2025.01.001.

In their study, Marx and his colleagues analyzed well-preserved plesiosaurus from the world-famous early Jurassic Posidonia shale (Posidonienskihoefer Formation) in Southern Germany.

“Our results reveal an unusual combination of smooth, scaly skin on various parts of the body,” they said.

“We believe this variation could be related to a variety of functions. Pleciosaurus had to swim efficiently to catch animals like fish and squid, which is smooth and fluid. It was made easier by the mechanical skin.”

“But we had to move across the rough seabed.

“Our findings help us create a more accurate reconstruction of our lives for Plesioasurs, which has been extremely difficult since it was first studied over 200 years ago,” Marx said. Ta.

“Also, well-preserved German fossils really highlight the soft tissue potential that provides valuable insight into the biology of these long but animals.”

“Apart from the smooth skin and scale mosaics, it was an incredible moment to visualize cells in thin sections of fossilized plesiosaurus skin,” he added.

“When I saw skin cells that had been stored for 183 million years, I was shocked. It was like seeing modern skin.”

Team's result This week I'll be appearing in the journal Current Biology.

____

Miguel Marx et al. Jurassic Plesiosaurus skin, scales and cells. Current Biology Published online on February 6th, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2025.01.001

Source: www.sci.news

Old fighter jets can be recycled and used to create new ones

New Fighter Jet Components Can be Printed 3D

Rolls Royce

The fighter planes first flew in the 1970s were converted to fine powder and can be used for 3D printed components of the next generation aircraft of the British Royal Air Force (RAF). Experts say this is a more efficient way to make aircraft. It is less environmentally harmful and also solves the problem of procuring materials from countries under sanctions, such as Russia.

Robert Hyam Additive Manufacturing Solutions has developed technology to recycle important materials such as TI64. This is titanium with 6% aluminum and 4% vanadium. The UK Department of Defense has a large number of expensive, hard-to-sauce materials like TI64, but they are bound by outdated or broken aircraft and stored components.

The company was able to take turbine blades from Panavia Tornado, an aircraft used by the RAF from 1980 to 2019, and recycle them into nose cones of prototype engines that power the next generation of RAF fighters. Ta.

“The world is more expensive than before. Making products is more complicated and more expensive,” says Highham. “You can make them as effectively as possible.”

Highham says creating spherical particles from old parts is the key to printing high-quality new parts, as the jug-on particles may be stuck in a 3D printer. It’s not just grinding the metal, so the recycled components melt and then spray them onto a high-pressure jet of argon, where they are split into raindrop-shaped droplets. These droplets rotate the gas, turn into a spherical shape, drop out and solidify. “It’s a very similar process to how rain sparkles,” says Hyam.

The resulting powder can be supplied to a 3D printer. These machines essentially weld the powder into half the thickness of human hair, each layer down one by one, creating a new piece. “It’s a very simple microscope welding process. It’s not even more complicated,” says Higham.

In this first case, powder was used to 3D print nose cones for the Orpheus jet engine. Future Combat Air Systems (FCAS). The FCA includes a variety of aircraft with modular components, including the BAE Systems Tempest, a sixth generation fighter jet for the RAF.

topic:

Source: www.newscientist.com

Review: Kingdom Come: Deliverance 2 – A Gritty Depiction of Medieval Bohemia’s Hardships

lIfe was tough in the 16th century Bohemia. That way, you’ll be at your virtual counterpart. The first 10 hours of this game were totally miserable. Stepping into the mud-stained boots of Henry, a humble blacksmith-turned-knight, I am sent to convey my message in war-torn regions. But before Henry could fulfill his duties, he became a victim of a fatal ambush, leaving himself and his Lord Hans Capon, without a penny or sword in their names I’ve been stuck.

No one believes you are a nobleman as strangers arrive in tattered rags, bloody and desperate. Towns Fork will comment on your smell and refuse to let you enter various facilities. It is a truly humble gaming experience, creating a calm recreation of what it is like to be in the oppressed things of medieval society.

The main story is ultimately driving you away with an increasingly impressive exploit, but in the early games, simply survive the day, an adventure in itself. In this harsh feudal fantasy, you can save just two ways: sleep in your bed or drink a bottle of Savior Schnapps. When you can’t afford to spend the night at the inn – and Henry has no horses – the journey across each new map is dangerous. Some of these early deaths cost me hours of progress.




A painstaking … The Kingdom Comes: Rescue 2. Photo: Warhorse Studios/Deep Silver

Once you can follow some paths to Groschen and steal them, your fate will begin to change. At Kingdom, maintaining its appearance is essential. Townspeople notice your scars and blood sporadic clothing. Innkeepers are less likely to take you to a burglar if you take a bath. The wealthier you become, the easier life will be. Even getting dressed well will help convince the guards of your innocence when you are caught with a redhead.

Kingdom Come: Deliverance 2 is filled with friction that most modern games actively avoid. I was totally immersed in this cruel, believable simulation – even when it was kicking my ass. This is a role-playing game in which even the simple act of making potions can cause food to spoil and poison you, and even fast travel is not even safe. Words to the Sage – Don’t accidentally appear in the wrong bed. It ends on a night spent confused by inventory.

Like Bethesda’s Skyrim, you learn by doing it. Do you want to improve your running? Sprint while wearing the heaviest armor you can find. A flashy command conversation? Concentrate half a day in the game to read books. First-person duels in the original game are welcome, allowing players to lock into deadly games, mess up, block, and read the opponent’s stance. It’s a deadly dance that doesn’t feel like anything else in the game, but if swordsmanship isn’t for you, you can hone your marksmanship, double stealth, or use your tongue as a sharp weapon. Masu.

In conversation, you can role-play Henry. No matter how much you play, the writing is consistently and convincing, and the characters are as intentionally consistent as your gameplay. Despite its crazy misery, the kingdom has a comedic spirit. From molestation mirrors collecting sediments from corpses to solving differences with soldiers through loud drinking games, there is also humor in the most inactive interactions. Developer Warhorse Studios is wise to keep players smiling, even if they are breathing and cursing the game.




The Spirit of Comedy… The Kingdom Comes: Rescue 2. Photo: Warhorse Studios/Deep Silver

It’s extremely rewarding to see Henry slowly transform from an incompetent person into a horrifying being. Once you lift yourself up with a bootstrap, Jant across this country will see you infiltrate a noble wedding, plan a prison break, and even protect the besieged castle. Kingdom Come 2 World inevitably features the kind of bugs you’d expect from a vast RPG, but it helps to be a very handsome game. The grass sways in the wind and in the villages and towns.

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If there’s a game that takes a “tough love” approach, that’s it. Early times feel like the playable equivalent of being sent to a military school and demands sacred patience, but that’s a rewarding investment. Just like before Red Dead Redemption 2, I’m willing to lose time wandering through this vast simulation and want to see the wonders and practics that I might trip. Despite spending over 115 hours in Bohemia, I’m saying that I haven’t rolled at my credits yet to the main quest line. If you are not inspired by the prospect of roaming yet another frictionless open world where everything comes easily, the Kingdom comes: Rescue 2 is a breath of fresh air.

Source: www.theguardian.com

My love for trading card pockets in Pokemon waned over time | Games

fOr now I'm in the slal in the pocket of Pokemon trading cards. It was a demonic, smooth blend of battles that collected and deleted cards, and since it was released I had been open the app honestly on my phone at least twice a day. The virtual card is beautifully completed. Particularly rare art cards feature idyllic scenes of Pokemon in their natural habitat. I spent hours fighting too. He hone his deck and chased his winning streak to earn the victory crest. I put most of my friends in it. I was able to fill in the last few holes in my collection, predicting the day when Dena's makers would eventually activate the deal.

I quit this week on the day the deal was made public and an expansion filled with fairly new cards. I did some deals for Venosaur ex and Machamp Ex, which avoided my grasp despite being open Hundreds I took a screenshot of the Pack's “Collection Complete” screen, but it hasn't been open since. I'm finished.

I didn't quit in protest A crazy, expensive nature It features monsters from the age of Pokemon that do not hold nostalgic powers for me, mostly with new trading features or new cards. I suddenly had enough. I enjoyed every minute of my time at the game…until not. Normally you know that you finished the game when you finished it, but in this era of eternal games, we have to choose When should I stop? Sometimes this happens overnight for me. One day I'm enjoying the game, the next day I'm tired of it.

Inconveniently, I recognize it in about 75% of the game's campaigns. Especially with open world titles, the best times are in the middle, and you're playing enough to understand the unique ideas and systems of the game. do not have It's enough to master them completely. There is a point where you know you're approaching endgame. Suddenly, the friction between me and the gaming world – as the game designers mention, “stickiness” is gone, everything feels smooth and easy, and I lose interest. (This is why I love it fromsoftwareThere are very few games out there from Dark Souls to Elden Ring.

Enough is enough… Indiana Jones and a large circle. Photo: Game Press

Here's a small selection of games from the past year that I've abandoned like this, until the end: Indiana Jones and the Great;Dragon Dogma 2;Paper Mario: Millennium Door. Zelda: Echo of wisdom. Like a Dragon: Infinite wealth. I was able to sit and polish in the evening several times with one of these. Some of them already have a few months after leaving them unfinished – but it always feels like a chore. Meanwhile, I played the lonely mountain: Snow Rider, Baratoro And as the stickiness is still there, Hades is far too long past their completion point.

I often ask readers to write to ask when it's okay to quit the game. For me, the answer is “Whenever I stop having fun.” I rarely quit because I'm stuck. Instead, I quit Stop When I got stuck, I felt like I was seeing everything that the game had to offer. I think it's easy to continue playing things that have lost their appeal from a sense of obligation.

A long-standing study of trophies and achievements is 15-35% of players (PDF) You actually complete a specific game. I feel like developers are making hours of content, people may never see it, but there is enough entertainment available to everyone, and you can find all of that time. You can hardly blame people for not being there. Some players take pride in finishing every game they start, but for the rest of us? It's okay to stop it.

When I finished the Pokemon trading card game, I felt it was easy. A part of me felt relieved to be relieved of my daily habits. It opened a small space for something new in my time – and something new everytime What you're looking for when you get a video game.

What to do

Life is catastrophically obsessive… Civilization VII. Photo: 2K Game

Two huge historic games are coming out this week. The Kingdom Comes to Rescue 2with a pathetic, challenging simulation of 16th century Bohemia, where you're really rubbing your face against horse dung at first. Civilization VIInext in a life-rising, life-rising, life-risingly obsessive strategy series that challenge you to re-run human history from the beginning. (The latter may seem particularly appealing now, as it appears we've caused all-powerful confusion.)

Available at: PC, Xbox, PlayStation 5
Estimated playtime:
Over 100 hours

What to read

Reaching the new Box Office Heights… Sonic Hedgehog 3. Photo: Paramount in America/Sega
  • Third Sonic Movies It's just now The second highest growth video game movie everbrought 462.5m behind the 2023 Mario movie. (I swallowed up the pride of Nintendo kids from the 90s and took them to see them during Christmas. Are you okay. ) It's also on track to overtake Bruce Almighty as Jim Carrey's best-selling film. If that happens, it becomes a wonderful Pub quiz questions.

  • in IGNRebekah Valentine investigates the phenomenon of Imitation Slop Game It appears on Droves, the console's digital store, and receives this incredible quote.

  • Among the well-known winners in Grammy Awards It was the soundtrack for the video game: Interestingly, this year's award was presented to composer Winifred Phillips for the soundtrack to the 1981 RPG, Wizardry. Explainer About how the game was remade decades ago and won a Grammy Award.

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What to click

Question block

God of War: Ragnarök, one of the best video game stories of recent years. Photo: Sony Santa Monica

This week's question comes from Natalie:

“A lot of games were played and took unfinished games before I could understand what all my favourites had in common: the fascinating stories. The best storytelling of all video game time Would you recommend it?”

There are so many forms of video game stories, and this is a difficult question to answer. Many of the best stories in the game are those we found for ourselves. That said, my favorite stories from recent years are refreshing to my heart as game correspondent Keith Stuart and I have recently updated our list of games on all consoles today. Here is the author's story that I remember most from the current gaming generation: Our Last Parts I and II; God of war And then the sequel. Immortal;and Alan Wake 2 (Mainly because of the method mentioned). Here are some very short stories you can play on the Nintendo Switch: OxenFree; Wonderson; To the moon; Night in the forest; Space for unbound and Loki. You might want to try it too Citizen's sleeper If you like sci-fi. Regarding all-timers: Undertail, Chrono Trigger, Portal And that sequel Edith Finch's Remains and Fallout New Vegas I'm there for me.

What are your top three? Tell me at pushbuttons@theguardian.com. And ask more

Source: www.theguardian.com

Google Edits AI Super Bowl Ads featuring Inaccurate Information

Google had to edit an ad for its AI tool Gemini after discovering it contained false information about Gouda cheese, just before it was set to air during the Super Bowl.

Local ads showcasing how AI is used in businesses featured Gemini’s capabilities in helping Wisconsin cheesemongers write product descriptions and track global cheese consumption.

However, a blogger claimed the statistics were “AI hallucinations” and “clearly false”. More reliable data suggests that Dutch cheese may be less popular than cheddar or mozzarella.

Blogger Nate Hake added, “I found this example of AI errors in 20 minutes. I attempted fact checks during the Super Bowl ad.”

Replying, Google executive Jerry Dischler clarified that the AI systems do not invent false information but sometimes pull honest data from websites like Gemini. He emphasized, “Gemini is linked to the web, showing results and references. In this case, multiple sites have the 50-60% stats.”

Google stated they would correct the ads to fix the error after speaking with the cheesemonger in the ad and adjusting the product descriptions on Gemini as per his suggestion.

Google’s AI tools have previously faced criticism for errors and questionable advice. Last year, the AI’s Search feature drew backlash for advising users to use “non-toxic adhesives” to improve cheese sticks, and Gemini’s image generation tool sparked controversy by depicting historical figures in a questionable manner.

The images provoked negative reactions, including from Elon Musk, questioning the impact of libertarians and Stalin. The Gemini Chatbot also faced criticism for its responses in these situations.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Revealing a Thawing World through Chilling Images

Mel des Grace, France’s largest glacier

Julia Roger – Beeler/One Water

These impressive images highlight the disappearing ice of the Earth and the battle to preserve it. A staggering two-thirds of the glacier have disappeared by the end of the century, threatening ecosystems and the world’s water supply. The image is Walk of Water Contestoperated by UNESCO and One Water. UNESCO has designated 2025 as the International Year for Glacier Preservation.

Julia Roger Bayer took second in the European category in Chamonix with atmospheric shots of Mel des Grace, France’s biggest glacier. The image above was taken from within Mulan. This was a photo taken under the peer inside the cave, with a huge hole carved into the glacier by Meltwater, created by a glacial retreat. Roger-Beyer climbs Mer de Glace to take photos every fall. Each year, the glacier retreates about 40 meters. In an announcement about her victory, she said she hopes she will “be a “probably a helpless witness” to that loss.

Julia Roger – Beeler/One Water

Michele Rapini won the first prize in the European category for his shots that recorded his efforts to save the Prena Glacier in northern Italy (hereinafter referred to as). According to Rapini, the surface area of ​​glaciers, essential to the alpine ecosystem, fell from 68 hectares to 41 between 1993 and 2003.

In 2008, conservationists began spreading textile sheets over glaciers every summer to prevent melting. The photo shows workers who do not see the sheets during autumn before the first snow. It may be that effort Reduced ice melting At two thirds, however, it is not possible to suspend the ice loss. As Rapini writes, “Climate change cannot be mitigated with localized quick fixes alone.”

The contest’s global awards are sponsored by MPB, and the Regional Asia Awards are sponsored by the Asian Development Bank and sponsored by the Regional Europe Awards by the City of Bergersen.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Video Game Development for Football Manager 25 Cancelled due to Multiple Delays

The developer of soccer management games has decided to cancel the release of the 2025 game due to multiple delays.

Sports Interactive (SI) has confirmed that FM25 has been scrapped, and they will focus on upcoming games, typically released in November. SI, a subsidiary of Sega, issued an apology to fans for the “hard decision” to cancel the game due to technical difficulties.

“I know this is extremely disappointing, especially with the game’s release date being delayed twice already,” the statement read.

The developers had intended to introduce “significant technical and visual improvements to the series for years,” but found it unattainable.

They explained: “While many aspects of the game met our expectations, the overall player experience and interface fell short. Releasing FM25 in its current state would have been below our standards. We could have fixed issues, but that wouldn’t have been fair. Additionally, expecting players to purchase another game later in the year is unrealistic due to the timing of the football season, so we chose not to exceed the March release date.”

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SI also confirmed that they will not update the 2024 game with 2025 team and roster information, but will provide full refunds to fans who pre-ordered FM25.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Parents file lawsuit against Tiktok for alleged role in child’s death from “Blackout Challenge”

The parents of four teenagers in England have filed a lawsuit against Tiktok following the tragic death of their children.

Isaac Kennevan (13), Archie Buttersby (12), Julian “Juls” Sweeney (14), and 13-year-old Maia Walsh, who rose to fame on social media in 2021, tragically lost their lives in 2022 while attempting a dangerous “challenge,” as stated in the lawsuit.

The Social Media Victims Law Center based in the US lodged a wrongful death lawsuit against Tiktok and its parent company Baitedan on behalf of the grieving parents.

Matthew Bergman, the founding attorney for the Social Media Victims Law Center, revealed, “Three of the four children succumbed to self-stable after being exposed to the hazardous Tiktok Blackout Challenge, all from a similar city and demographic. This does not seem coincidental.”

Bergman further claimed, “Tiktok deliberately targets these vulnerable children with perilous content to boost engagement and profit. The deliberate business decision by Tiktok cost the lives of these four children.”

Tiktok has asserted that searches related to the challenge have been restricted since 2020 and they strive to ban and eliminate harmful content promptly. They also direct users to their safety center if they search for related keywords or videos.

The lawsuit, on behalf of Archie’s mother Holly Dance, Isaac’s mother Lisa Kennevan, Juls’ mother Ellenroom, and Maia’s father Liam Walsh, was filed in the Superior Court of Delaware.

The lawsuit accused Tiktok of marketing itself as a safe and fun platform for children while promoting dangerous and addictive content. Tiktok allegedly engaged children with risky challenges to increase revenue.

Tiktok dismissed claims that they allowed the Blackout Challenge on their platform, asserting that they are actively working to address such issues. However, other perilous challenges involving drugs, hot water, and fire have emerged on Tiktok.

The lawsuit also highlighted that parents believed Tiktok was harmless, catering to children’s entertainment, without anticipating mental health repercussions.

The Social Media Victims Law Center represents families affected by harmful social media content, aiming to prevent the promotion of harmful videos, including those depicting suicide or self-harm, especially among children.

One of the cases involved Tawainna Anderson suing Tiktok in 2022 after her daughter Naira, aged 10, participated in the Blackout Challenge. The appeals court reinstated her case in August 2024.

Archie’s cause of death was determined to be accidental experimentation at his home, with the Blackout Challenge cited as a potential factor among many others.

Juls’ mother is advocating for parents to have legal rights to access their children’s social media accounts following the tragic loss of her son in 2022.

Amendments to the Online Safety Law in the UK aim to compel social media platforms to shield children from dangerous challenges and stunt content while actively eradicating risky material.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Amazon’s Year-End Finish Strong, But Weaker Projections for Next Quarter

Amazon exceeded Wall Street’s expectations by earning revenue in the fourth quarter of 2024, but it anticipates a decline in the coming quarter.

Finishing the year on a high note, the retail giant reported $187.79 billion in revenue and $1.86 per share, surpassing analysts’ revenue estimates of $187.3 billion and $1.49 per share.

The robust revenues reflect a strong holiday shopping season, with online spending increasing by 8.7% year-on-year in November and December, according to Adobe Analytics. Overall, consumers spent $241 billion over the two-month period, as reported by Adobe.

“The holiday shopping season was Amazon’s most successful ever. We are grateful for the support of our customers, sales partners, and employees who contributed to this success,” stated Andy Jassy, Amazon’s CEO. Read the full statement.

Despite beating expectations, Amazon fell short of analyst sales estimates for the next quarter. The company forecasts sales between $151 billion and $15.5 billion, while analysts had estimated $15.85 billion. Stock prices dropped after hours but recovered to previous levels the following day.

Wall Street has acknowledged Amazon’s cost-cutting measures in recent years. Jassy implemented layoffs and cuts across various departments, resulting in a positive financial impact on Amazon’s revenue.

During the revenue announcement, Jassy highlighted Amazon’s new innovations, particularly in artificial intelligence, such as the new AI chip Trainium2. Jassy emphasized the practical benefits of these technologies in the evolving tech landscape.

Amazon’s executive chairman, Jeff Bezos, has reconciled with Donald Trump after years of criticism. Amazon contributed $1 million to the president’s inaugural fund, and Bezos was present at Trump’s swearing-in ceremony.

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Jassy followed Trump’s lead by scaling back Amazon’s DEI efforts, and Bezos withdrew support for the Climate Change and Biodiversity Fund.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Early Universe Detection of Radio Jet Emitted by Monster 2 Galaxy

The newly discovered radio jet is associated with J1601+3102, a highly radioloud kusar that spans an astounding 215,000 light years and exists just 1.2 billion years after the Big Bang. This structure was observed on a low-frequency array (LOFAR), Gemini North Telescope from the Gemini Near-Frared Spectrograph (GNIRS), and the hobby Eberly telescope, and the largest radio jet discovered early in the history of the universe. That's it.

J1601+3102 Radio Jet. Image credits: Lofar/Decals/Desi Legacy Imaging Surveys/lbnl/doe/ctio/noirlab/nsf/aura/F. Sweijen, Durham University/M. Zamani, NSF Noirab.

“We were looking for a quasar with a powerful radio jet in the early universe, which helped us understand how the first jets were formed and how they influenced the evolution of the galaxy. ”

“Determining the properties of a quasar, such as its mass and the speed at which it consumes the problem, is necessary to understand its formation history.”

To measure these parameters, astronomers looked for specific wavelengths emitted by quasars known as the MGII (magnesium) wide emission lines.

This signal is usually displayed in the UV wavelength range. However, due to the expansion of the universe, which causes the light emitted by the quasar to “stretch” to a longer wavelength, the magnesium signal arrives at Earth in the near-infrared wavelength range that can be detected by the Gneal.

J1601+3102 Quasar was formed when the universe was less than 1.2 billion years. It's only 9% of my current age.

Quasars can have billions of times more mass than our Sun, but this is on the small side and weighs 450 million times the mass of the Sun.

The double-sided jets are asymmetric in both brightness and distance extending from the quasar, indicating that extreme environments may be affecting them.

“Interestingly, the quasars that run this large radio jet don't have any extreme black holes mass compared to other quasars,” Dr. Gloudemans said.

“This appears to indicate that generating such a powerful jet in early universes does not necessarily require very large black holes or accretion rates.”

The previous shortage of large radio jets in early space is attributed to noise from the microwave background of the universe. This is a constant fog of microwave radiation remaining from the Big Bang.

This permanent background radiation usually reduces the radio light of such distant objects.

“Because this object is so extreme, it can actually be seen from the Earth, even if it's far away,” Dr. Gloudemans said.

“This object shows us what we can discover by combining the forces of multiple telescopes operating at different wavelengths.”

result It will be displayed in Astrophysics Journal Letter.

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Anniek J. Gloudemans et al. 2025. Monster radio jet (>66 kpc) observed in quasars from z~5. apjl 980, L8; doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/AD9609

This article is based on a press release provided by NSF's Noirlab.

Source: www.sci.news

The Statistical Structure of the Humpback Whale Song Resembles Human Language

An international team of researchers analyzed moans, moans, whistles, bark, screams, and creaks in recordings of humpback whale songs collected over eight years in New Caledonia.

Arnon et al. We have revealed the same statistical structure of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) Songs are characteristic of human language. Image credits: Christopher Michelle / CC by 2.0.

“I found something really fascinating,” said Dr. Emma Carroll, a marine biologist at Auckland University.

In this study, Dr. Carol and colleagues apply quantitative methods that are usually used to evaluate infantile utterances, and that this applies to culturally evolved learning songs in human languages. I found it. Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae).

In human language, structurally consistent units exhibit frequency distribution that follows the law of power. Zipfian distribution – Attributes that are likely to promote learning and enhance accurate conservation of language across generations.

The Humpback Whale Song is one of the most complex vocal displays in the Animal Kingdom and is passed down through cultural transmission, providing something compelling in parallel with human language.

These songs are highly structured, consisting of nested hierarchical components. The theme is combined with the sound elements that form the phrase, the phrases that are repeated in the theme, and the song.

If statistical properties of human language arise from cultural transmission, similar patterns should be possible to detect in whale songs.

The study authors analyzed recorded humpback whale song data over eight years using infant-inspired speech segmentation techniques.

They discovered a hidden structure in the whale song.

Specifically, these songs contain statistically coherent subsequences that fit the Zipfian distribution.

Furthermore, the length of these subsequences follows ZIPF's Law of Suspicion, an efficiency-driven principle found in many species, including humans.

This striking similarity between the two evolutionarily distant species emphasizes the deep role of learning and cultural communication in shaping communication across species, with such structural properties being exclusive to human language. It challenges the concept of being.

“The Whale Songs” at Griffith University, Dr. Jenny Allen, a leading expert on whale songs, said:

“This is why it offers such an exciting comparison.”

“These results provide unique insight into the importance of cultural communication in interspecies learning processes, particularly for learning complex communication systems.”

“A more interesting question is, rather than trying to adapt animal communication to holes in the form of “human language”? I think so. ”

“Using insights and methods from how babies learn languages ​​allowed us to discover structures that were previously undetected in whale songs,” says Professor Inval Arnon of Hebrew University. Ta.

“This work illustrates how learning and cultural communication can form the structure of communication systems. Find similar statistical structures when complex continuous behaviors are culturally transmitted. You can do it.”

“It raises the interesting possibility that humpback whales can track the transition odds between sound elements, like human babies, and learn songs by using dips to segment those odds. Masu.”

study It was published in the journal today Science.

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Invalanon et al. 2025. The whale song shows a language-like statistical structure. Science 387 (6734): 649-653; doi: 10.1126/science.adq7055

Source: www.sci.news