Executive order signed by Trump aims at electric vehicles and wind power

overview

  • President Donald Trump issued two executive orders targeting the promotion of electric vehicles and wind power by the Biden administration.
  • These technologies are crucial in combating climate change, but the orders could hinder their growth.
  • Advocates for electric vehicles and green energy criticized the decision.

On Monday, President Donald Trump significantly impacted two rapidly growing environmentally friendly technologies in the United States, electric vehicles and wind power, through two executive orders.

These orders were aimed at countering the Biden administration’s efforts to boost these technologies, which have been gaining momentum in the drive to reduce carbon emissions in the U.S. energy sector. President Trump also announced the withdrawal of the United States from the Paris Agreement, where countries commit to reducing carbon emissions to combat global warming.

One of Trump’s presidential orders rescinded several climate-focused directives, including standards on tailpipe emissions to promote electric vehicle adoption. This move was criticized by electric vehicle advocates, who argued that it could harm America’s competitiveness in the global automotive market.

Trump’s other order temporarily halted federal approvals for offshore wind energy projects in federal waters and restricted federal agencies from issuing new permits or loans for wind energy projects, both onshore and offshore. The order falsely claimed that wind power could lead to higher energy costs and harm marine life, such as whales, despite no known links according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

The orders faced backlash from advocates of electric vehicles and wind power. Jason Grumet, CEO of the American Clean Power Association, criticized the move, stating that it contradicted Trump’s goal of freeing up energy production in the U.S.

The adoption of electric vehicles and wind power has been increasing in recent years. Electric and hybrid vehicles accounted for 20% of new car sales in the U.S. in 2024, and sales are projected to continue growing. Wind power is also predicted to be a significant source of new energy capacity in the U.S. by 2050.

President Trump has been known to criticize wind power, attributing whale deaths to offshore wind projects and making unsubstantiated claims about health risks associated with wind turbines. Climate groups have warned that Trump’s executive orders could harm global environmental efforts and hinder green job growth.

Despite these challenges, advocates believe that clean technology will continue to progress, regardless of regulatory obstacles. President Trump’s orders could face legal challenges, particularly regarding California’s stricter tailpipe pollution standards, which aim to reduce air pollution and combat climate change.

Source: www.nbcnews.com

Microsoft’s increased collaboration with Israeli military during Gaza conflict exposed

The documents exposing the Israeli military’s increased reliance on Microsoft’s cloud technology and artificial intelligence systems during the peak of the bombing of Gaza have been leaked.

From October 7, 2023, Microsoft will enhance its partnership with Israel’s defense agencies by providing better computing and storage services along with technical support hours worth at least $10 million. This deal was signed in a move to deepen collaboration with the IDF.

A joint investigation by The Guardian, +972 Magazine, and Local Call, based on documents from Drop Site News, unveils Microsoft’s deep connections with the Israeli military, especially during the Gaza offensive in 2023.

The Israeli Defense Forces increasingly turned to large U.S. tech companies like Microsoft, Amazon, and Google to meet their technological needs during the conflict.

Palestinians walk through destruction caused by Israeli air and ground attacks in Rafah, Gaza Strip, early 2025. Photo: Mohammad Abu Samra/AP

Leaked documents reveal that Microsoft’s products, mainly Azure cloud computing, are extensively used by various Israeli military units and intelligence agencies.

Microsoft’s involvement in highly sensitive and top-secret projects for the Israeli Ministry of Defense underscores the deep partnership between the company and the IDF.

While Microsoft has declined to comment on the revelations, the Israeli military’s increased use of AI-based services from tech giants like Microsoft during the conflict has raised concerns about the blending of civilian and military digital infrastructure.

Israeli soldiers prepare to launch a military drone at an undisclosed location near Israel’s southern border with the Gaza Strip in January 2024. Photo: Atef Safadi/EPA

The integration of Microsoft’s cloud and AI technologies into IDF operations has facilitated data analysis and storage for intelligence and combat purposes.

Microsoft’s extended partnership with the Israeli military, despite public scrutiny, highlights the ongoing collaboration between tech giants and defense agencies in modern warfare.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Orchids self-pollinate with finger-like appendages

Orchid Stigmatodactylus sikokianus Lives in cool, dark forests

Tetsuro Ikeda

A type of orchid that eats fungi has an ingenious method of self-pollination. The secret lies in the orchid’s mysterious finger-like appendages.

“I knew there had to be something more to it than just looking weird,” he says. Kenji Suetsugu at Kobe University in Japan.

Mr. Suetsugu has been interested in this work for some time. Stigmatodactylus sikokianus This is because orchids live in the shady forests of Japan and feed on soil bacteria throughout their lives without relying on photosynthesis. Orchids have a pinky-like appendage under the stigma, a sticky part that receives pollen during copulation.

To investigate the purpose of the appendages, the researchers observed flowers in the wild, set up pollination experiments in the lab, and tracked changes in orchid flower structure using a fluorescence microscope.

They noticed that if there are no insects visiting orchids for pollination, the flowers begin to wilt. As the finger-like appendages drooped, they gradually moved toward the stigma, bringing the pollen into contact with the sticky receptors.

The appendage thus acts “like a bridge,” transporting orchid pollen in a self-pollination trick, but only as a last resort, Suetsugu says. The wilting mechanism allows the plant to tolerate pollinators, but acts as a failsafe to ensure that the plant can reproduce even if the insects never arrive. The discovery “highlights how nature can come up with creative solutions to common problems,” Suetsugu said.

The next step is to remove the appendage entirely to see what difference it makes in the timing and efficiency of pollination. Katarina Nagar At the Australian Tropical Herbarium.

This appears to be the first time such a self-pollination trick has been formally documented, although observations in the early 1990s suggested that two other closely related orchid species also use the unusual appendage for self-pollination. Mr. Nalgar points out that this suggests that.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Will Assassin’s Creed Shadows Be the Savior of Ubisoft? |Culture

IIt’s no secret that the video game industry is struggling. In the past two years, 25,000 redundant employees And over 40 studios have closed. The soaring costs of game development (it now costs hundreds of millions of dollars to create a blockbuster title), over-investment during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the need to create the next money-making “eternal game” The blockbuster game is under pressure thanks to a series of failed bets. Success rates are higher than ever.

This seems to be a particularly relevant predicament for Ubisoft. The company, which employs 20,000 people at 45 studios in 30 countries, has had commercial failures with its latest big licensed games, “Avatar: Frontiers of Pandora” and “Star Wars Outlaws.” The company has had two expensive and failed live service experiments in the past year: Skull and Bones and X-Defiant. Ubisoft’s stock price plummets, Investment partners circling like sharksrarely has the fate of a huge gaming company depended so heavily on a single release. It has already been postponed many times to ensure quality.

Against this dark backdrop, I found myself wandering the glittering halls of Ubisoft Quebec to experience the world’s first Assassin’s Creed: Shadows. The company’s historical action game series is back after a two-year hiatus. This time, the setting is feudal Japan. According to creative director Jonathan Dumont, this was the most requested setting by fans, but ironically some of the so-called fans turned to Ubisoft during the game’s development. .

Shadows centers on Yasuke, a historical figure known as the Black Samurai, and a female ninja named Naoe. This sparked a mini-culture war, with X posters and YouTube commenters furious over “historical inaccuracy” and video game wokeness. (Oddly enough, these complaints of historical inaccuracy are the same despite the fact that it stars a secret order of what are essentially time-traveling assassins doing side-quests from Karl Marx and Leonardo da Vinci.) It had never been brought up in the series until now.)

When you ask nervous Ubisoft developers about the amount of nasty comments and online harassment they’ve received over the past year, they’re understandably horrified. No one wants to address it directly. “We love making games and that’s what we wake up every morning to do,” Dumont says. “So if there is any criticism, obviously, [we receive] Subtle nuances and good feedback will always be accepted. ”

When you pick up the controller, the first character that appears is Yasuke. After a mesmerizing opening cutscene, a Portuguese missionary introduces Diogo, an African slave, to Lord Nobunaga, the ruler of the Oda family. A powerful military commander took notice of Diogo, hired him as a samurai, and changed his name to Yasuke. As I wander silently through the cobblestone streets of Harima, I am greeted with the kind of stu…


Naoe, the ninja from Assassin’s Creed Shadows. Photo: Ubisoft

Source: www.theguardian.com

Purple passionflower utilized by researchers for herpes treatment

Viruses are infectious agents that affect all living things, including humans. A common human virus called herpes simplex virusor HSV, can cause cold sores, genital infections, fingertip and eye infections. When HSV infects the eye, it is called: HSV keratitis. This infection can cause visual impairment, blindness, and swelling of the brain.

The standard way for doctors to treat HSV infections is with an antiviral drug called . Acyclovir. However, the drug has been found to be no longer effective in treating some HSV infections. Persistent infections are called Acyclovir resistance infection. Therefore, scientists are searching for new ways to treat HSV infections.

Scientists at Nanjing University in China tested 502 natural compounds to determine if any could be used to treat HSV keratitis. The researchers took kidney cells from African green monkeys, treated them with these natural compounds, and infected them with the virus.

After two days, they examined the cells under a microscope to see how much damage each compound prevented compared to untreated infected cells. control sample. Out of all 502 compounds tested, the one that best protects cells from viral infection was found to be present in purple passionflower. The name of the compound is Harmol, And they reported that it inhibited more than 90% of HSV in kidney cells.

The scientists further investigated Harmol’s anti-HSV properties by testing whether it was toxic to host kidney cells. If Harmol is toxic to uninfected cells, it may kill the cells instead of protecting them from the virus. They tested nine concentrations of harmol on cells, ranging from 0 micromolar to 250 micromolar harmol. They found that the compound protected against viruses and did not kill host cells at a concentration of 12.5 micromolar.

They then studied how harmol affects virus replication and the production of viral proteins and particles within host cells. They found that Harmol inhibited HSV growth and reproduction, even in acyclovir-resistant infections. Scientists also reported that Harmol treatment inhibited HSV growth when added before, during, and after HSV infection. However, the sooner it is added, the more effective it is, and it is most effective when added before infection.

The scientists then tested whether Harmol worked in mice. They wanted to determine whether Harmol would be safe and effective for treating live animals with HSV keratitis, rather than cells alone. First, the scientists investigated whether Harmol solution could be safely applied to the eyes of mice. They applied Harmol to the eyes of one group of mice and saline to the eyes of a control group. They examined the mice’s body weight and cornea over a five-day period and found that Harmol had no effect on either compared to mice given saline. They suggested that this means Harmol is a safe treatment for mice with HSV keratitis.

Next, the scientists infected three groups of mice with HSV. They treated the first group with acyclovir, the second group with Harmol, but left the third group untreated. They administered Harmol eye drops daily for five days and observed the mice on the third and fifth day. They reported that Harmol-treated mice performed better than untreated mice in all the characteristics they observed. Harmol-treated mice fed HSV had less damage to the cornea, less eyelid inflammation, less weight loss, decreased corneal thickness, and central nervous density compared to untreated mice fed HSV. was high. They found that this was also true in mice infected with acyclovir-resistant HSV.

The researchers concluded that Harmol can reduce the early symptoms of HSV keratitis in mice. Therefore, they proposed that Harmol could be an antiviral agent against HSV. Because harmol and acyclovir interact differently with acyclovir-resistant HSV, scientists believe the two compounds must inhibit HSV in different ways. However, they noted that one limitation of the study was that the mice were only tested for five days after infection. They said further researchers should investigate the long-term safety and efficacy of Harmol treatment for HSV keratitis.


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Source: sciworthy.com

The Sahara Desert and Amazon Rainforest may have been the first habitats for dinosaur evolution

If dinosaurs really did appear near the equator, life would have been particularly hot and dry.

Mark Whitton/Natural History Museum Trustees

Dinosaurs may have first evolved near the equator, rather than far south in the Southern Hemisphere as previously thought. Modeling studies suggest they originated in areas covering what is now the Amazon rainforest, the Congo Basin, and the Sahara Desert.

“Given the gaps in the fossil record and the evolutionary tree of dinosaurs, it is very likely that this is the central point of dinosaur origin,” he says. Joel Heath At University College London.

Dinosaurs evolved during the Triassic period, which lasted from 252 million to 201 million years ago, but there is “considerable” uncertainty about when and where they evolved, Heath said. The oldest known fossils of these animals are about 230 million years old, but there are enough features to suggest that dinosaurs have already been around for millions of years. “There must have been a lot going on in terms of dinosaur evolution, but we don't have the fossils,” he says.

At this time, the Earth looked very different. All the continents were combined into a single supercontinent called Pangea, shaped like a C with its center straddling the equator. South America and Africa were located in this southern hemisphere part and were fitted together like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. The earliest known dinosaurs lived in the southern parts of these two continents, in present-day Argentina and Zimbabwe, where dinosaurs were thought to have originated.

To learn more, Heath and his colleagues built a computer model that works backwards in time from the oldest known dinosaurs to the group's origins. They considered uncertainties such as gaps in the fossil record, possible geographic barriers, and ongoing questions about how the earliest dinosaurs were related to each other to create dozens of versions. has been created.

Most of these simulations concluded that dinosaurs first appeared near the equator, with only a few supporting a southern origin.

Paleontologists have tended to believe that dinosaurs couldn't have originated near the equator, Heath said. One reason for this is that no early dinosaur fossils have been found in the area. Moreover, it was a difficult place to live. “It was very, very dry and very hot,” he says. “It is believed that dinosaurs could not have survived in such conditions.”

However, most models do not. “This suggests something that we didn't really think was possible until now,” Heath says.

In fact, there may be a more prosaic explanation for the lack of early dinosaur fossils found near the equator. Paleontologists tend to conduct excavations in North America, Europe, and more recently China. “There are many areas of the planet that are completely ignored,” says Heath. He added that geologists have not found many rocks of suitable age in the area associated with the findings that can be excavated. “It may not be exposed in a way that we can easily investigate.”

But evidence supporting Heath's idea has recently come to light. On January 8th, researchers david loveless At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, oldest known dinosaur Originally from northern Pangea. They discovered what they call a species new to science. Avaitum Banduiche, sauropodomorphs related to long-necked dinosaurs such as diplodocus That evolved later. The research team discovered the 230-million-year-old rock in Wyoming's Popo Aggie Formation.

If dinosaurs were already present north and south of Pangea that long ago, there's no way the middle of the equator would be closed off to them, Heath said. “They must have been crossing the area.”

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Pope cautions against potential exacerbation of ‘crisis of truth’ by AI at Davos

Pope Francis cautioned world leaders at Davos about the potential dangers posed by artificial intelligence on the future of humanity, highlighting concerns about an escalating “crisis of truth.”

He stressed the need for governments and businesses to exercise caution and vigilance in navigating the complexities of AI.

In his written address to the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Switzerland, the Pope pointed out that AI poses a “growing crisis of truth in public life” due to its ability to generate outputs that closely resemble human output, which could lead to ethical dilemmas and questions about societal impacts.


The Pope highlighted that AI has the capacity to learn autonomously, adapt to new circumstances, and provide unforeseen answers, raising crucial ethical and safety concerns that demand human responsibility. Cardinal Peter Turkson, a Vatican official, echoed this sentiment in a statement delivered to Davos delegates.

Having personally encountered AI’s ability to manipulate truth, the Pope has become a subject of AI-generated deepfake images, such as embracing singer Madonna and donning a Balenciaga puffer jacket.


An AI-generated deepfake image of Pope Francis wearing a down jacket. Photo: Reddit

The Pope emphasized that unlike many other human inventions, AI is trained based on human creativity results, often producing artifacts with skill and speed that rival or surpass human capabilities, posing significant concerns about AI’s impact on humanity’s place in the world.

AI dominated discussions at the Davos conference this year, with tech companies showcasing their products along the ski resort’s promenade.

Expectations are high among some participants for AI’s potential. Salesforce chief Marc Benioff predicted that future CEOs will manage both human and digital workers, underscoring the transformative nature of AI in the workplace.

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Ruth Porat, Alphabet’s chief investment officer, lauded the potential of AI in improving healthcare outcomes and potentially saving lives.

She highlighted Google’s AlphaFold AI program’s success in predicting the structures of all 200 million proteins on Earth and releasing the results to scientists, a move expected to enhance drug discovery processes.

Last year, Demis Hassabis, co-founder of DeepMind, an AI startup acquired by Google, received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his groundbreaking work using AI.

Mr. Porat, a staunch AI advocate, shared his personal experience of battling cancer and emphasized the transformative potential of AI in democratizing healthcare through early detection and access to quality care for all individuals.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Competition regulator probes Apple and Google’s mobile platforms in the UK

The UK’s competition watchdog is set to investigate the impact of Apple and Google’s mobile platforms on consumers and businesses, following criticism over the appointment of a former tech executive as its new chair.

The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) will look into the tech giants’ mobile operating systems, app stores, and browsers to determine if specific guidelines are needed to regulate their behavior.

This inquiry comes after Doug Gurr, a former Amazon UK country manager, was appointed as the CMA chair, with the government denying any bias towards big tech companies.

The investigation will focus on how Google and Apple’s mobile platforms impact consumers, businesses, and app developers, as most smartphones in the UK come with pre-installed iOS or Android operating systems.

The CMA will assess whether Google and Apple should be classified as companies with “strategic market positions” under the new Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act (DMCC). If designated as such, the CMA could impose regulatory requirements or mandate changes to promote competition on their platforms.

Sara Cardel, CEO of the CMA, emphasized the importance of mobile platforms as gateways to the digital world and highlighted the potential for a more competitive ecosystem to drive innovation and growth.

The CMA aims to complete its investigation by October 22nd, in line with its focus on ensuring consistent regulations that support economic growth and competition.

Both Apple and Google have expressed readiness to cooperate with the CMA and reiterated their commitment to fostering choice and opportunity for consumers and businesses while complying with regulations.

Source: www.theguardian.com

The Benefits of Adding Feathers to Jurassic Park’s Velociraptors

Jurassic Feathered Park

The wheel of time turns, the cycle repeats and another Jurassic Park movie is coming out this year. Feedback has faint hopes due to the presence of director Gareth Edwards, who proved in Monsters and Godzilla that he can direct films featuring huge creatures. But still, yawn.

While we all wait with bated breath, YouTuber CoolioArt is supplying dinosaur footage to keep us sated. They are using the animation tool Blender to redo key scenes from the original Jurassic Parkin order to give the Velociraptors feathers. So far, they have done the kitchen scene and the climactic scene in the visitor center (just before, spoiler alert, the Tyrannosaurus rex saves the day).

Given the amateur nature of the project, the animations are really good. However, one problem remains: the raptors are still way too big. You see, despite his reputation for careful research, Jurassic Park author Michael Crichton was a bit prone to getting things badly wrong.

Crichton's biggest scientific fail was controversial his 2004 climate change novel State of Fear. This features environmental terrorists who fake natural disasters to convince the world of the dangers of global warming. They have to do this because, in the universe of the bookall the scientific evidence that greenhouse gas emissions are heating up the climate is flared or faked.

There is even a series of pages entirely dominated by graphs from weather stations in the US that show local temperature declines, and which are meant to be more meaningful than the trend in the average global temperature for some reason. Crichton also recycles the myth that the warming trend is an artefact of “urban heat islands”. It's like a terrible Reddit thread in book form.

Even Jurassic ParkCrichton's most famous creation, wasn't immune. He wanted to feature a dromaeosaurid dinosaur, as they were understood to be fast and intelligent hunters – contrasting with the lumbering T. rexUnfortunately, the scariest ones had a name that Crichton didn't think was cool – Deinonychus antirrhopus – so he used every detail of that species but incorrectly called them Velociraptor.

That's why, in the books and films, an adult Velociraptor is about as tall as a human being. In reality, a Velociraptor was about as tall as a turkey. Feedback imagines that an angry Velociraptor could still cause problems for a human being, but it's just not the same when the terrifying predator is about the size of the average toddler.

The irony is that the evidence that dromaeosaurids had feathers was pretty equivocal in the 1990s, so it was justifiable to present the raptors as featherless – but not to triple their height.

Which explains why CoolioArt has overdubbed some of the dialogue in the kitchen clip. When the girl whispers “What is it?”, a female voice dubbed over the boy's now cheerily says “It's a Deinonychus“. 10/10, no notes.

AI for rOAds

Sometimes, on a gray Monday when the column is due, Feedback can be found hastily scratching around for story ideas because nobody has done anything especially within silly sight of us. However, on Monday 13 January the following item dropped into our lap.

The UK government announced that it was going to “unleash AI” because of its “vast potential” to improve the country's decaying public services. This vision of the future is called the AI Opportunities Action Plan. Feedback feels that the name could have used a bit of work: it abbreviates to AIOAP, which sounds like the Terminator movie Arnold Schwarzenegger will make when he's 85 and an old-age pensioner himself.

The AIOAP contains a lot of proposals, one of which caught Feedback's eye. to BBC News“AI will be fed through cameras around the country to inspect roads and spot potholes that need fixing”.

Like a rabbit caught in headlights, or, more aptly, like a driver heading straight for a pothole because they're being tailgated and there's no room to steer, Feedback found ourself staring blankly forward into space, stunned by the visionary nature of this vision .

It's not that we doubt that AI could be trained to spot potholes. On the contrary: it would probably do it rather well. Instead, we are concerned that this might be solving a non-existent problem.

The BBC reported in March 2024 that English and Welsh roads are blighted by potholes, with a backlog of repairs estimated to cost £16.3 billion. That is a long way short of “Elon Musk buying Twitter” money, but it's still roughly equivalent to the GDP of Jamaica. Furthermore, Feedback can attest to a deep familiarity with the numerous potholes in our local area , many of which have gone unrepaired for months.

The problem, in short, doesn't seem to be lack of knowledge about where the potholes are. We wouldn't have a backlog that would cover the cost of building several skyscrapers if the potholes weren't being logged. This is doubly so for any road busy enough to have cameras on it.

Instead, the problem seems to be getting the actual repairs done. Feedback doesn't see how the AI ​​will help with that. No, we need to turn to genetics.

The only solution is an army of Ron Swanson clones to go and fill the potholes.

Got a story for Feedback?

You can send stories to Feedback by email at feedback@newscientist.com. Please include your home address. This week's and past Feedbacks can be seen on our website.

Source: www.newscientist.com

Review: Lonely Mountains: Snow Rider Offers an Exciting Skiing Challenge with Some Thrilling Twists

I was captivated by Lonely Mountains: Downhill, a simplistic mountain biking game that was released in 2019. obsessed I played those tracks repeatedly until I mastered the art of braking, skidding a tire on a rock, getting stuck in a tire and being flung off, speeding down a straight path, and carefully navigating over ledges. Like a Lycra-clad mountain goat. The serene soundtrack of chirping birds and rustling leaves (occasionally interrupted by the harsh thud of riders colliding with rocks) made the experience very soothing for me. However, what truly drew me in was the Zen-like focus required to descend the mountain, speeding down without crashing 300 times. I honed my skills to perfection, finely tuning my trajectory to make the difference between cutting a second off my run and veering off track, leading to a crumpled heap.

For years, I had eagerly anticipated the release of a snow sports-themed sequel. Instead of sun, rocks, and dirt, there was now glistening snow, and bicycles were replaced with skis. It seemed unbelievable at first, but after a few initial runs on the snowy mountains, I humbly realized I had a lot to learn. I struggled with turns while applying the brakes, found myself sliding backward on hills, constantly bumped into trees, missed jumps, and tumbled across frozen lakes in confusion. The challenges in each course seemed daunting, and my first multiplayer race was a humiliating experience.




Just you and nature…single player mode. Photo: Megagon Industries

However, after a few hours of practice, I found myself gracefully carving through more challenging courses while immersing myself in the soothing sounds of snow. Achieving a seamless run down the mountain, with the wind in my ears, felt exhilarating. But when I missed a turn and ended up in a ditch, the enchantment was quickly shattered, prompting me to return to the checkpoint and start over.

This rhythm of triumph and failure still resonates with me in Lonely Mountains: Snow Riders. The minimalist soundscape, visually stunning representation of natural landscapes, and the sense of achievement from conquering a course remain as captivating as ever. While there are areas that could be improved, such as adding more customization options for the skier, the high difficulty from the start and precise controls pose challenges for new players in progressing through the mountain. Additionally, the introduction of multiplayer racing and team skiing comes with its own set of drawbacks.

Currently, the multiplayer aspect is plagued by technical issues shortly after release. When multiple players appear on screen at once, such as at the start of a race, the game experiences shaking or freezing temporarily. In a game where every millisecond counts, losing control, even momentarily, can make it unbearable to play. I encountered crashes while loading courses, got kicked out of multiplayer games, and saw other players mysteriously lose connection. While these issues may be addressed by developers in the future, for now, they remain a hindrance to the overall experience. The core problem lies in the wide variability of player skill levels.

In an 8-player race, 3 participants may swiftly descend the mountain within 3-4 minutes, while others take considerably longer. Once you cross the finish line, you can either skate aimlessly or watch lower-ranked players struggle in the same section repeatedly. This can be disheartening, especially if you happen to be the unlucky last player.




Massive Freeze…Multiplayer options need fixing. Photo: Megagon Industries

The team mode requires cooperation to navigate mountains, set checkpoints, and revive fallen players, but the concept seemed lost on the players I encountered. I found myself descending the mountain like a medic while others raced past me, eventually regrouping at base camp with players who seemed content to linger. Thank you all for your company and assistance!

Lonely Mountains: Snow Riders is now available for £20.99

Source: www.theguardian.com

Scientists puzzled by mysterious ‘chirps’ in space

The melodious high-pitched sound of birdsong is not something typically associated with the vastness of space, usually serving as a delightful indication of the arrival of spring. However, to the surprise of many, scientists at China’s Beijing Aviation University have recently stumbled upon a similar occurrence over 100,000 kilometers away from Earth.

Through the analysis of data collected from NASA’s Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) satellite, researchers have pinpointed a phenomenon referred to as “chorus waves,” which consist of bursts of electromagnetic radiation traveling along Earth’s magnetic field lines.

If one were to venture into space, this sound would remain unheard due to the absence of air for sound waves to propagate. Interestingly, upon conversion into an audio signal for examination, this “chirp” is actually the auditory representation of these waves.

https://c02.purpledshub.com/uploads/sites/41/2025/01/Space-chirps-v2.mp4
“Twitter” confirmed in space

So, what exactly causes these electromagnetic chirps? Contrary to expectations, it is not a celestial songbird. In reality, chorus waveforms are relatively common. However, the peculiarity lies in their location, as highlighted by their distance from Earth.

The energy transfer induced by chorus waves prompts electron acceleration to speeds nearing that of light, crucial for the formation of Earth’s radiation belts which shield against the sun’s energetic particles.

While these accelerated particles contribute to the magnificent aurora borealis, they are also dubbed “killer electrons” due to the hazards they pose to satellites, astronauts, and crucial communication systems.

Typically, these waves are found around 51,000 km (32,000 miles) away, in a region influenced by the “magnetic dipole effect,” defining the Earth’s magnetic field with north and south poles.

However, a 2016 study published in nature unveiled that for the first time, these chorus waves have been observed at distances up to 165,000 km (103,000 miles) from Earth, in regions where the magnetic field is distorted and dipole effects are absent.

Furthermore, these waves exhibit similar properties to those closer to Earth, lasting around 0.1 seconds with frequencies reaching nearly 100Hz (akin to the noise of a revving car engine).

Chorus waves are part of the complex magnetic field system that causes auroras – Photo credit: Getty

Why is this discovery significant? It indicates that Earth’s environmental conditions are not prerequisites for wave generation as previously assumed by scientists.

“Though this finding does not refute existing theories… it certainly prompts a deeper investigation,” remarked Professor Richard Horne, head of space weather at the British Antarctic Survey, not involved in the study.

“The unexpected presence of chorus waves in this region calls for further exploration in areas where the Earth’s magnetic field displays substantial deviations from the dipole.”

Chorus waves play a vital role in shielding Earth from solar storms, yet they also pose potential dangers. Enhanced understanding of these waves can lead to better protective measures.

Horne expressed that this breakthrough “will significantly enhance our comprehension of these waves and refine our capacity to forecast them.”

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Big Tech Companies Dispute President Trump’s $500 Billion AI Investment Announcement, Involving Elon Musk

Major technology giants criticized their competitors following Donald Trump’s announcement of significant investments in AI the day before.

President Trump revealed Stargate, a $500 billion initiative funded by OpenAI, Oracle, and SoftBank. The announcement featured leaders from both companies: Sam Altman, Larry Ellison, and Masayoshi Son, with Son as the project chairman. A representative from Abu Dhabi’s state-run AI fund MGX, another major investor, was notably absent.

The partnership aims to establish data centers and computing infrastructure crucial for AI development. While the initial investment amount is substantial, estimates suggest that developing AI will require as much funding.

Notably missing from the event was Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla, SpaceX, and xAI, who is also the wealthiest person globally. Despite Musk’s close ties to Trump and rumored office in the White House, he dismissed Stargate as a financial sham the following night.

When OpenAI announced on X (Musk’s social network) that they would immediately deploy $100 billion, Musk countered, stating that they lacked the funds and criticizing SoftBank’s funding of less than $10 billion. Musk, with a net worth of about $430 billion, tweets prolifically on a variety of subjects.

President Trump has yet to respond to Musk’s comments, focusing instead on Melania’s anniversary on his social network, Truth Social.

Musk continued his criticism on Twitter, sharing a leaked image of a research tool supposedly used to calculate Stargate’s $500 billion cost. He spent much of Wednesday afternoon attacking the project.

Sam Altman initially praised Musk’s work but later questioned his motives for criticizing SoftBank. Satya Nadella, CEO of Microsoft, responded diplomatically when asked about the situation, emphasizing Microsoft’s plans to invest in Azure.

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The tension between Musk and Altman dates back to their history at OpenAI, where Musk eventually parted ways with Altman. The heads of Oracle and SoftBank involved in Stargate have not yet spoken on the matter.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Birds Build Nests with Snake Skin to Protect From Predators

Many species of birds use shed snake skin when building nests, but this behavior is poorly understood. In a new study, Cornell University ornithologists used comparative and experimental approaches to suggest that the evolution of this behavior is mediated by nest morphology and predator community. They used a series of experiments and comparisons to test four hypotheses (nest predation, nest microbiota, nest ectoparasites, and social signaling) that snake skin confers fitness effects, and the predation hypothesis found support for.



Great Crested Flycatcher (Myialchus crinitus) are famous for using snake skin to construct their nests. Image credit: Barbara Taylor/Macaulay Library.

“What do snakes eat? They eat a lot of rats and small mammals,” said Dr. Vanya Lower, lead author of the study.

“Given the evolutionary history of harmful interactions between small-bodied predators that are commonly eaten by snakes, these predators should become fearful of snake skin in their nests.”

“It may change the decision-making process for whether or not to nest.”

“Birdwatchers have been recording the use of snakeskin in nests for centuries, and have speculated that snakeskin occurs more frequently in hollow nests, but no one has tested this theory. There was no one there.”

“We were trying to understand why birds spend so much time and effort finding this strange substance.”

First, Dr. Lower and his colleagues looked at the literature and found that 78 species in 22 families have been reported to use shed snake skin for nest building.

All but one of these species are passerines, and in a comparative analysis, the researchers found that this behavior was disproportionately observed in cavity-nesting species.

Next, they examined a subsample of North American species, all of which are reported to use snake skin for nest construction, and found that between cavity-nesting species and open-cup nesting species, snake skin We investigated whether the proportion of nests with

The analysis suggested that the proportion of nests with snake skin was approximately 6.5 times higher in cavity nests than in open cup nest species.

“The proportion of nests that had snake skin in the nest description was about 6.5 times higher in cavity nests than in open cup nests,” Dr. Lower said.

“This was really, really cool and suggested to us that these two completely independent data series were telling very similar stories.”

To test the benefits that cavity-nesting birds derive from snake skin, scientists investigated how snake skin reduces nest predation, reduces harmful nest ectoparasites, and benefits birds. We investigated whether they can alter the microbial community or serve as a signal of parental quality. Parents make more efforts to raise their children.

Of these ideas, the results supported the nest predation hypothesis, but only in cavity nests.

For the experiment, the authors placed two quail eggs in more than 60 nest boxes and more than 80 inactive robin nests set up around Ithaca’s Monkey Run Natural Area. Cavity nests and open cup nests were simulated.

Some nests received snake skins collected from local snake breeders, while others did not.

Every three days for two weeks, the team used a ladder to climb through the monkey run to the nest and check for eggs.

Trail cameras revealed that while small mammal and bird nest predators visit open cup nests, only small mammals, namely flying squirrels, visit nest boxes.

“If you were in a hive like that and you had snake skin, you would have a much better chance of surviving those 14 days,” Dr. Lower said.

“The benefits of the material are most strongly expressed in hollow nests.”

team’s result appear in american naturalist.

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Vanya G. Lower others. Evolution of the use of snake skin in bird nests. american naturalistpublished online on December 17, 2024. doi: 10.1086/733208

This article is a version of a press release provided by Cornell University.

Source: www.sci.news

UK Minister Acknowledges TikTok’s Appeal Yet Expresses ‘Genuine Concerns’

TikTok’s ability to provide “uplifting” content and its impact on UK-China relations have raised concerns for the UK government regarding the use of data of millions of Britons, according to the technology secretary. The acceptance of video apps is being shaped by these concerns, the secretary stated.

After a US court upheld legislation that could potentially result in TikTok being banned or sold in the US, Peter Kyle expressed his worries about the platform’s data usage in relation to ownership models. “I am genuinely concerned about their use of data in relation to ownership models,” he told the Guardian.

However, following President Donald Trump’s executive order temporarily suspending the US ban for 75 days, Kyle referred to TikTok as a “desirable product” that enables young people to embrace different cultures and ideologies freely. He emphasized the importance of exploring new things and finding the right balance between the euphoria TikTok offers and potential concerns about Chinese propaganda.

A recent study from Rutgers University indicated that heavy users of TikTok in the US demonstrated an increase in pro-China attitudes by around 50%. There are fears that the Chinese government could access the data collected by the app. TikTok claimed to use moderation algorithms to remove content related to alleged abuses by the Chinese Communist Party and the suppression of anti-China material.

The study concluded that TikTok’s content aligns with the Chinese Communist Party’s goal of shaping favorable perceptions among young viewers, potentially influencing users through psychological manipulation. It described TikTok as a “flawed experiment.”

In response to these findings, Kyle urged caution when using TikTok, highlighting the presence of bias in editorial decisions made by various platforms and broadcasters. He emphasized the government’s commitment to monitoring social media trends and taking action if necessary to safeguard national security.

When asked about concerns regarding TikTok as a propaganda tool, Kyle stated that any actions taken by the government would be made public. He also mentioned being mindful of China’s relationships with other countries, clarifying that his comments were not specifically directed at China.

Regarding the ban on TikTok in the US, Kyle noted the potential risks associated with using the Chinese version of the app, which could involve data collection and the dissemination of propaganda. He expressed concerns about the implications of such actions.

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A representative from TikTok emphasized that the UK app is operated by a UK-registered and regulated company, investing £10bn to ensure user data protection in the UK and Europe through independent monitoring and verification of data security.

The Chinese government stated that it does not hold shares or ownership in ByteDance, TikTok’s parent company, which is majority-owned by foreign investors. The founder, Zhang Yiming, owns 20% of the company.

In 2018, Mr. Zhang posted a “self-confession” announcing the shutdown of an app due to content conflicting with core socialist values and failing to guide public opinion properly. Following criticism on state television, he acknowledged corporate weaknesses and the need for a better understanding and implementation of political theories promoted by Chinese Communist Party leader Xi Jinping.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Footprints of Pleistocene cave bears found in Spain

Paleontologists have discovered ancient bear footprints in Honseca Cave in northern Spain. Distinguishing cave bear and brown bear tracks is complicated, but cave bears are thought to be most likely to leave tracks at Honseka.

Cave bear footprints in Honseca Cave, Spain. Image credit: Rodriguez others., doi: 10.1080/10420940.2024.2446153.

Cave badger (Ursus Spelaeus) was a very large bear that formed the sister lineage of extant brown bears and polar bears.

These animals lived in Europe and Asia during the Pleistocene, but went extinct about 24,000 years ago.

It measured 2.7 to 3.5 meters (8.9 to 11.5 ft) in length, up to 1.7 meters (5.6 ft) at the shoulder, and weighed 225 to 500 kg.

People may have had occasional encounters with cave bears.

Despite their name, they did not actually live in caves, only using them for hibernation.

Nitrogen isotope data from giant crushed molars and their bones indicate that cave bears were primarily herbivorous, with leaves as their staple food.

“Cave bear footprints are not uncommon in the soft sediments of caves on the Iberian Peninsula, and many speleologists are well aware of their presence,” said Dr. Ana Mateos of the Center for Human Evolution and Human Research (CENIEH). .

“However, until now these fossil traces have not been the subject of systematic study.”

“In fact, only one study of this kind has ever been carried out in Romania's Ursilor Cave.”

Cave bear restoration (Ursus Spelaeus). Image credit: Sergio de la Larosa / CC BY-SA 3.0.

Mateos and his colleagues discovered 16 cave bear footprints in Honseca Cave in Palencia, Spain.

The footprints were assigned to Ursichnus europaeus This is the first record of this species discovered in a cave on the Iberian Peninsula.

“We performed a scan of the footprint surface and its surroundings using a laser scanner that creates a three-dimensional cloud of millions of points, and combined this with a photogrammetric model.” said Dr. Adrian Martinez. CENIEH technician.

“This model has been used to take various measurements of footprints and compare them with those of other caves in Europe, such as the Ursilol Cave in Romania.”

“Furthermore, by processing the model, we were able to generate images that highlight the shape of individual footprints,” added Dr. Alfonso Benito, also from CENIEH.

“The shape of the toe impressions and the length of Urushiro's and Honseka's claw marks suggest that in both cases they belong to the cave bear, which went extinct about 28,000 years ago, rather than to brown bears.”

“Unfortunately, before scientists knew about their existence, some of the footprints were destroyed by the footprints of amateurs who had not paid attention and visited the interior of the cave,” said Jesús of CENIEH. Dr. Rodriguez said.

“Therefore, one of the goals of this type of research is to highlight the value of these fossils and promote their preservation.”

of study Published in this month's magazine Ichnos.

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J. Rodriguez others. Cave bear footprints (Ursichnus europaeus Diedrich, 2011) from Honseca Cave, Palencia, Spain. Ichnospublished online on January 9, 2025. doi: 10.1080/10420940.2024.2446153

Source: www.sci.news

Scientists claim that thousands of mounds in Mars’ Maurus Valley region were previously underwater.

Study published in the magazine Natural Earth Science: Planetary researchers used high-resolution images and compositional data captured by orbiting satellites to understand the geology of thousands of kilometers of hills in the northern and western lowlands. Maurus Gorge, a plateau located on the highland side of the hemisphere bisection boundary of Mars.

Rising hundreds of meters above the surrounding lowlands, two Martian hills reveal bright areas rich in clay minerals. Image credits: ESA / TGO / CaSSIS / NASA / JPL / MSSS / Murray Lab.

A research team led by scientist Joe McNeil from the Natural History Museum in London found that the mounds are the remains of ancient highlands that retreated hundreds of kilometers after erosion carved out the landscape billions of years ago. .

These actions played a key role in shaping the Martian landscape, which separates the planet's low-lying northern hemisphere from its high-lying southern hemisphere.

This mound is made of layered deposits containing clay minerals, formed by water interacting with rock over millions of years.

These clay layers are sandwiched between older non-clay layers below and younger non-clay layers above, marking distinct geological events in Mars' history.

“These mounds are incredibly interesting because they preserve the complete water history of this area within an accessible, continuous rock outcrop,” Dr. McNeil said.

“They are prime locations for future missions aimed at determining whether Mars once had an ocean and whether life could exist there.”

The authors also found that these mounds are geologically connected to nearby plains. Oxia Planum -ESA's Rosalind Franklin spacecraft is scheduled to launch in 2028 searching for signs of past and present life.

“Mars' lack of plate tectonics means it still has much of its ancient geology, so Mars is a model of what early Earth was like,” McNeil said. the doctor said.

“The more missions that visit Mars, the more we will be able to dig deeper into our planet's history and discover how life began.”

“As part of the Natural History Museum's mission to transform natural history science, our research focuses on providing solutions from and for nature.”

“This research is part of our Planetary Origins and Evolution research theme, which explores the origins and systems that underpin the evolution of the Earth, Moon, and planetary systems.”

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JD McNeil others. Dichotomous regression and aquatic alteration of Noachian Mars are recorded in highland remnants. Nat. Earth Science published online on January 20, 2025. doi: 10.1038/s41561-024-01634-8

This article is based on a press release provided by the Natural History Museum, London.

Source: www.sci.news

New study suggests Earth’s recent minimoon originated from the moon

Near-Earth asteroid 2024 PT5 is in an Earth-like orbit and remained very close to Earth for several months at the end of 2024.

2024 PT5 captured a brief flyby from September 29 to November 25, 2024. Image credit: University of Colorado.

2024 PT was first detected on August 7, 2024 by the NASA-funded Asteroid Terrestrial Last Alert System (ATLAS) telescope at the University of Hawaii in Sutherland, South Africa.

This asteroid poses no danger to Earth, but its orbit around the sun closely matches that of our planet.

The object, which is about 10 meters (33 feet) wide, appears to be composed of rock that broke off from the moon’s surface and was ejected into space after a major impact.

“There was a general idea that this asteroid might have come from the moon, but when we discovered that this asteroid is rich in silicate minerals, it became conclusive proof. The silicate minerals are not the kind found on asteroids, but rather the ones found in the moon’s rocks. Dr. Teddy Kaleta Astronomer at Lowell Observatory.

“It doesn’t seem to have been in space very long, perhaps only a few thousand years, because there was no cosmic weathering to cause its spectrum to turn red.”

Using observations from the Lowell Discovery Telescope and NASA’s Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) at Mauna Kea Observatory in Hawaii, Dr. Kaleta and his colleagues show that the spectrum of sunlight reflected from the surface of 2024 PT does not match its spectrum. showed. A known asteroid type. Instead, the reflected light more closely matched the moon’s rocks.

This discovery doubles the number of known asteroids thought to originate from the Moon.

“Asteroid 469219 Kamooarewa was discovered in 2016 in an Earth-like orbit around the sun, indicating that this asteroid may also have been ejected from the lunar surface after a major impact,” the astronomers said. said.

“As telescopes become more sensitive to smaller asteroids, more potential lunar boulders will be discovered, and scientists studying the moon as well as scientists studying rare asteroid populations will It creates exciting opportunities for everyone.”

“If a lunar asteroid could be directly related to a specific impact crater on the Moon, studying it could provide insight into the cratering process on the pockmarked lunar surface.”

“Also, material collected from deep on the moon’s surface in the form of asteroids passing close to Earth could be available to future scientists for study.”

“This is a story about the moon told by asteroid scientists,” Dr. Kaleta said.

“It’s an unusual situation where we go out to study asteroids and end up wandering into new territory in terms of the questions we can ask for PT5 in 2024.”

of findings On January 14, 2025, Astrophysics Journal Letter.

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Theodore Caleta others. 2025. On the origin of the near-Earth asteroid moon2024 PT5. APJL 979, L8; doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ad9ea8

Source: www.sci.news

There could be billions of years old towering structures deep within the Earth

A strange continent-sized structure (red) lurks beneath the planet's surface

Edward Garnero. SW French, BA Romanowicz, Geophys. J. Int. 199, 1303, 2014.

Two giant blobs deep within the Earth may remain stable for billions of years despite powerful internal fluctuations, according to an analysis of seismic waves reverberating across the planet.

“When a major earthquake occurs, the entire earth expands and contracts like a bell.” arwen Deus At Utrecht University in the Netherlands. “The earth becomes an instrument.”

Decades ago, measurements of such seismic waves identified two strange continent-sized structures, one under the Pacific Ocean and one under Africa. They extend for almost 1000 kilometers from the outer core to the lower mantle, the slowly moving layer between the Earth's crust and core.

Because seismic waves pass through these objects more slowly, they are called “large low shear velocity regions” or LLSVPs. However, little is known about its composition and origin.

To gain further information, Deus and her colleagues analyzed how these regions attenuate the energy of seismic waves, in addition to changes in wave speed. Such measurements reveal information about the temperature, composition, shape, and size of the LLSVP.

The researchers expected that the structure, which would be hotter than the surrounding area, would significantly attenuate seismic waves. “Lo and behold, we found the opposite,” says Deus.

To explain the lack of decay at high temperatures, the researchers propose that LLSVP must be composed of minerals with large crystals that are stable in heat. This also suggests that these regions are highly viscous and can maintain stability as the mantle moves around them.

This stability could mean that these objects are very old, dating back to the formation of planets at least 500 million years ago, and possibly more than 4 billion years ago, Deus said. They may act as repositories of primordial material, unchanged since the Earth formed, that sometimes reaches the surface via volcanoes.

topic:

Source: www.newscientist.com

Increased power outages likely to expand nationwide in the U.S.

A new report predicts that power outages lasting more than eight hours will increase in the United States in the coming years due to climate change. Extreme weather events caused by climate change, such as cyclones, are making it challenging to cope with these outages. Severe weather events that occur simultaneously, like wildfires during heat waves, are already causing more prolonged power outages, according to a study published in the journal agreement.

From 2000 to 2023, 80% of power outages in the US were weather-related, and this number is expected to rise further due to the increasing severity and frequency of extreme weather events accelerated by climate change. These events not only come with economic costs but also health risks, disrupting essential services like heating, air conditioning, and medical equipment.

https://c02.purpledshub.com/uploads/sites/41/2025/01/GettyImages-2193374564.mp4
More than 400,000 homes and businesses in California lost power due to recent devastating wildfires

While it may not be possible to prevent weather events, researchers believe that tracking patterns can help in better preparing for power outages and distributing aid effectively. Understanding when and where power outages coincide with severe weather events can help mitigate their impact, particularly as aging power grids and climate change lead to more severe weather.

A study analyzed weather events from 2018 to 2020, finding that nearly 75% of US counties experienced significant power outages during dangerous weather events. The study also observed an increase in simultaneous power outages and wildfires along the West Coast from 2018 to 2020.

Researchers are now working on simulating different dangerous weather combinations in various regions to develop effective response plans across the country. Doctoral student and lead author of the study, Vivian Do, emphasized the importance of understanding these patterns to minimize the societal impact of power outages during severe weather events.

Read more:

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Is the Nintendo Switch 2 announcement worth the upgrade? Exciting news for gamers!

Nintendo recently announced the Switch 2 right after releasing its newsletter last week, accompanied by an unexpected revelation. A brief trailer (watch here) provides the only known details at this point. While the appearance of the device is revealed, other significant aspects remain undisclosed. It is speculated that Nintendo plans to host a more substantial announcement event in April. The trailer’s premature release follows numerous leaks about the console, omitting the release date and game specifics.

Given the lack of detailed information, analyzing the Switch 2 feels speculative. It is noted that this is a refined model of the original Switch, boasting improved size, power, and new features. Unlike groundbreaking releases such as the motion-controlled Wii or the original Switch in 2017, which featured hybrid functionality, the Switch 2 lacks innovative gimmicks like the 3DS’ augmented reality camera. However, a surge in hybrid consoles from other companies since 2017, such as Steam Deck and PlayStation’s Portal, suggests a competitive market.

Nintendo’s challenge lies in enticing existing console owners to upgrade. Despite the company’s extensive game library catering to families, Nintendo may not hinge its success on selling millions of new consoles within the first year. With ventures like Mario movies, Universal Studios tie-ins, a new museum, and the enduring popularity of the Switch, Nintendo’s influence in the industry continues to burgeon, reducing its reliance on core hardware sales.

Nintendo’s pragmatic business approach, characterized by its substantial cash reserves, sets it apart from many Western counterparts accustomed to high-risk product launches. Holding significant assets worth billions, Nintendo’s long-term outlook ensures its sustainability in the face of occasional setbacks. This strategic resilience contrasts with analysts’ predictions of the company becoming a mere third-party game publisher, securing Nintendo’s relevance in the market.

Despite the uncertainties surrounding the Switch 2’s debut, Nintendo remains resilient against existential threats. By refining existing concepts rather than radically innovating, Nintendo can explore unconventional projects like the Alarmo alarm clock and retain creativity in its game development. As the industry thrives on compelling gameplay experiences, the success of the Switch 2 hinges on upcoming releases like Breath of the Wild and potential new entries in classic Nintendo franchises.

For updates on gaming trends, click here. Explore exciting titles like Lonely Mountains: Snow Riders, a challenging skiing game, and stay informed about industry developments in our news section. Engage with fellow gamers in our interactive polls and share your thoughts and suggestions with us at pushbuttons@theguardian.com.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Former UK Amazon CEO as Competition Watchdog is a “Slap in the Face,” According to Labor Union

Trade unions and consumer activists have criticized the appointment of Amazon’s former chief executive as the head of Britain’s competition watchdog, calling it a “slap in the face to workers” and “Trumpian.” The government hired Doug Gurr, former Amazon UK and China boss, to chair the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA), leading to accusations of favoritism towards big tech.

Business Secretary Justin Madders defended the decision, stating that it was aimed at boosting economic growth. Gurr replaces Markus Bockelink and will serve as interim chair for up to 18 months. The CMA will focus on investigating technology companies under the new digital market competition regime to increase competition.

Critics like GMB national secretary Andy Prendergast and campaigner Rob Harrison have raised concerns about Gurr’s ties to Amazon and the potential bias in regulating technology monopolies. However, government officials maintain that the CMA will uphold its operational independence and protect consumer interests.

Amazon, known for its dominance in online sales, has faced criticism for its treatment of workers and market practices. The company has pledged to ensure worker rights and dignity. The appointment of Gurr has sparked debates over conflict of interest and regulatory oversight of tech giants like Amazon, Google, and Facebook.

Antitrust watchdogs and consumer groups have expressed concerns about the impact of Gurr’s appointment on economic growth and innovation. The Open Market Institute (OMI) criticized the move as a strategic failure that could harm UK’s competitiveness in the tech sector.

Despite the backlash, government officials defend the decision, stating that it is necessary to balance consumer protection and growth. Gurr’s background as an Amazon executive has raised questions about his ability to regulate the tech industry effectively.

Gurr’s appointment comes after disagreements over the CMA’s approach to growth, leading to the replacement of Bockelink. Regulators like Nikhil Rati of the Financial Conduct Authority have emphasized that they are acting on government directives to ensure compliance and customer protection.

The CMA and Gurr have been approached for comment on the matter. Additional reporting by Kalyeena Makortoff and Sarah Butler.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Elon Musk Confesses to cheating in video games as chat records are uncovered

Elon Musk has confessed to cheating in video games in order to achieve high scores. Private online conversations have revealed the billionaire’s extravagant claims of being a top-ranked player in the world. The intense scandal surrounding this incident seems to have subsided.

Musk has often bragged about his gaming rankings, as he mentioned in an interview with podcaster Joe Rogan last year. He reportedly held a position among the top 20 players globally in the highly challenging action role-playing game Diablo IV.

These claims raised eyebrows about how the world’s wealthiest man could dedicate time to compete on a global scale. Juggling responsibilities at companies like Tesla, X, and SpaceX, as well as his involvement in politics with Donald Trump, would have left him with little time for gaming.

The games Musk claimed to have high scores in, Diablo IV and Path of Exile 2, are known for their difficulty. Some players spend countless hours “grinding” through dungeons, battling monsters, and crafting powerful virtual characters.

The revelation of Musk’s unexpected gaming abilities came to light in an article that unveiled a direct message conversation he had with a top Diablo player, Nico Wrex, on X.

During the conversation, Musk admitted to “account boosting,” a form of cheating where players pay to have their characters powered up by others. Musk’s response to questions about leveling up and acquiring gear for Path of Exile 2 and Diablo 4 hinted at these practices.

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The Guardian could not independently verify the transcript, but Musk mentioned that he reposted the video to his X account and interacted with NikoWrex on X. NikoWrex’s video discussing Path of Exile 2 in early January indicated Musk’s involvement.

Grimes, a Canadian musician and Musk’s partner, defended him on Twitter, asserting that he witnessed Musk’s gaming prowess firsthand. However, suspicions of cheating arose when Musk’s character in Path of Exile 2 was found to be active in the game while Musk was attending President Trump’s inauguration.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Nick Clegg justifies Meta’s decision to remove fact checkers from Facebook and Instagram

Nick Clegg has strongly supported Meta’s decision to downgrade the social media platform’s moderation and remove fact-checkers.

The changes to Facebook, Instagram, and Threads, including a shift to promote more political content, were announced by CEO Mark Zuckerberg earlier this month.

Clegg, who is stepping down from the tech company after six years to make room for Joel Kaplan, who leans towards Donald Trump, refuted claims that Meta was diminishing its commitment to truth.

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“Please look at what Meta has announced. Ignore the noise, the politics, and the drama that accompanies it,” he said at the World Economic Forum in Davos, describing the new policy as “limited and tailored.” He asserted that.

The former UK deputy prime minister and Liberal Democrat leader stated: “There are still 40,000 people dedicated to safety and content moderation, and this year we will again invest $5 billion (£4 billion) a year in platform integrity. We still maintain the most advanced community standards in the industry.”

Clegg mentioned that Meta’s new community notes system, replacing its fact-checker, will resemble the one used by Elon Musk’s competing social media platform X, and will first be launched in the United States.

He described it as a “crowdsourcing or Wikipedia-style approach to misinformation” and suggested it might be “more scalable” than the fact-checkers that he believes have lost the public’s trust.

Zuckerberg, who has been collaborating closely with President Trump recently, simply aims to refine Meta’s content moderation approach, according to Clegg.

During a roundtable discussion with journalists at a ski resort in Switzerland, Mr. Clegg confirmed that he would not tolerate using the Meta platform in the future, forbidding the use of derogatory terms for groups of people or labeling LGBT individuals as “mentally ill.” Numerous expressions previously allowed were challenged.

Mr. Clegg continued to defend this stance, stating at an event in Davos: “It seems inconceivable to us that individuals can say things in Congress or traditional media that they cannot say on social media. Therefore, some significant adjustments were made.”

He emphasized that speech targeting individuals in a manner designed to intimidate or harass remains unacceptable.

Source: www.theguardian.com

My exploration into which tasks AI should handle led me to a surprisingly human conclusion

When I interviewed a nurse practitioner in California, what she valued most about nursing was the “human element” of being with other people. “I think we all just want our suffering acknowledged, even if we can't cure it or do anything about it,” she told me.

She still remembers when a homeless man came into her clinic. The man had a hunched back and his feet were gnarled and calloused from years of being on the street. She was “just sitting there tending to the wound on his leg.” This moment stood out to her. One reason for this is that clinics and hospitals have fewer opportunities to take such time, as the pursuit of efficiency imposes time constraints.

Washing her feet represented what nursing meant to her: humility, service, and witness. “To give him a moment where he says, 'I see you, I acknowledge you, this is me taking care of you,'” she said. “It was powerful for both of us.”

What value is there in being seen by people other than friends and family? What happens when people connect with each other in everyday encounters such as civic life and commerce? Why is it important? Amid efficiency campaigns, constant data collection, and the rapid proliferation of AI connecting jobs such as therapy and education, these questions have never been more urgent.

The benefits of human interaction have long been unmeasurable and often ignored, and the value of the skill of connecting with others has long been considered innately feminine. As a social scientist, I spent five years studying these connections to learn how and why they matter and how people make them in different environments.


In fact, we know that the relationship between doctor and patient is as follows: Stronger impact on medical outcomes Rather than taking aspirin every day to prevent a heart attack, a therapist's Connection with client They have more impact than the specific treatments they adhere to. Reflective and witnessing work is important enough to deserve its name. After five years of interviewing and observing numerous practitioners and clients in their workplaces, I have come to call it “joint labor.”

Bonded labor may enable the modern service economy, but it is more than a kind of lubricant to the engine for the outcomes we value, like understanding algebra, managing diabetes, and learning how to manage anxiety. is fulfilled. Rather, seeing and being seen has powerful effects for both individuals and communities.

First, when people see each other, it helps create dignity by simply communicating that they are worthy of being seen by others. I spoke with Mariah, a woman who ran a program in California where ex-prisoners met with mentors in small groups to teach them entrepreneurial skills. She said it took men a while to get used to the attention. “Like, [they ask] “So you just want to know what I think?” This program helped change men through human attention.

The power of human attention to inspire others may be a truism, but perhaps less well-known is that these effects go both ways. “It's a trusting relationship,” Jenna, a primary care physician, told me. “That trust infuses the relationship with almost a power, a sacredness. There's just something about that. I feel really honored and lucky to be able to do something like that. That trust infuses the relationship with almost a power, a sacredness. It gives me just as much.”

Finally, people help others understand themselves better. “I think every kid needs to be seen. Really I saw it,” said Bart, the school principal. “I don't think kids understand it on a deep level. I don't think they really dig into that information or content until they feel seen by the person they're learning from. ”

These outcomes – dignity, purpose and understanding – mean a lot to the individuals involved. But being seen can also have broader effects. In recent research, Formerly Incarcerated People in Chicago We found that receiving interpersonal recognition from local community leaders helps us feel like we fit in. One former prisoner said he now knew he had “something worth saying”. Who is seen and who is not seen can be politically influenced by the feeling of being ignored. stir up populist angerwhile being promoted by recognition; sense of belonging It brings communities together.

Of course humans too mistakeWe recognize each other because judgment and prejudice can poison these interactions and elicit shame in rather vulnerable moments. But as a therapist told me, if people only seek to avoid shame—for example, by choosing an AI companion or counselor—they may never find relief from shame. Shame is common in relationships, but it's something you should work through together, not run away from. Part of the power of human interaction comes from the risks we take when we reveal ourselves to each other.

Bonded labor has profound implications for individuals and our society, but it is under siege in data analytics, drowning practitioners in collection and measurement requirements, and behind automated treatments, education, etc. We are under threat from an increasingly lagging AI. Novelty. For some, AI may be better than nothing, while others believe it is better than humans. Still, both choose technology to solve problems primarily caused by insufficient staffing and a constant drive for efficiency, and both have a hard time understanding what humans actually do for each. It reflects the fact that it reflects. I don't really understand the others.

Instead, we need to preserve and protect these personal interactions. We need to strengthen the working conditions of combined labor workers so that they can better see others. We need to impose “connectivity criteria” that help us decide which AIs to encourage. For example, the kind of AI that creates new antibiotics. Decoding the language of sperm whales – and which one to apply the brakes on, i.e. intervene in human relationships. Each of us must decide how much we value human connection in our own lives and in the lives of our neighbors.

Source: www.theguardian.com

UK Government App Now Offers Digital Passport for ID Verification

British citizens will soon have the option to store their passport digitally on their phone, along with their driving license, Universal Credit account, marriage certificate, and birth certificate.

These plans were revealed by Peter Kyle, Secretary of State for Science, Innovation, and Technology, as part of a new smartphone app to streamline interactions with government services. This move aims to eliminate the need for physical government letters and long wait times for basic appointments.

Initially, people will be able to access their driver’s licenses and veterans cards with the new digital wallet starting in June. The government’s digital service will later expand to include accounts related to student loans, car tax, benefits, childcare, and local councils.

Mr. Kyle mentioned that his department is collaborating with the Home Office to authorize a digital passport version. While physical copies will still be valid, their use for crossing borders will depend on other countries’ border systems.




An example of a digital driving license page stored in a smartphone wallet in the Gov.uk app, due to be released this summer. Photo: Faculty of Science/PA

Kyle stated: “We are closely monitoring international standards, and as those standards become clearer, governments will naturally want to benefit from them as much as possible.”

The digital wallet, similar to Apple and Google wallets, will be linked to a person’s ID to verify their identity. This will enable instant sharing of necessary certificates and benefit claims with ease. However, there are no immediate plans to use it for proving immigration status.

In case of a lost phone, a recovery system is in place to prevent loss of the digital wallet. Kyle reassured users about data breaches, mentioning that the app’s design complies with existing data laws.

“We are revolutionizing the interaction between citizens and the state,” said Kyle during a launch event in east London, drawing inspiration from Silicon Valley product launches.

He added that individuals under 18, accustomed to smartphones, would view current government and paper-based systems as outdated.

“Moving government services online doesn’t mean leaving behind those without internet access,” he emphasized. “Easier online access allows us to enhance public services and focus human resources where necessary, ensuring better service for all.”

The technology has been developed over the last six months since the Labor party took office and includes modern smartphone security features like facial recognition checks.

Source: www.theguardian.com

MrBeast, a popular YouTube personality, joins efforts to purchase TikTok in the United States

MrBeast, a famous YouTube star and the highest-paid creator on the internet, has officially joined the bid to acquire TikTok’s US operations.

Teaming up with technology entrepreneur Jesse Tinsley, the 26-year-old made an all-cash offer for the social video app’s American division. This move follows President Donald Trump’s statement that US tech billionaires Elon Musk and Larry Ellison were interested in buying TikTok.

Known as Jimmy Donaldson, MrBeast has shown interest in acquiring TikTok through various social media posts. On January 13th, he mentioned in a post, “I’ll buy TikTok to avoid getting banned.” In subsequent TikTok posts, Donaldson revealed discussions with “a bunch of billionaires” regarding the bid.


American law firm Paul Hastings announced the bid for Donaldson in a statement on Tuesday. The statement mentioned Mr. Tinsley leading an investor group consisting of “institutional investors and high-net-worth individuals,” with Mr. Donaldson being the only publicly disclosed member.

While the size of the all-cash bid was not disclosed, Trump valued it at $1 trillion. With 346 million YouTube followers, MrBeast was the world’s top internet creator in the previous year, earning $85 million according to Forbes.

Paul Hastings also noted that Brad Bondi, the lawyer leading the team advising on the bid, is the brother of President Trump’s pick for U.S. attorney general, Pam Bondi.

President Trump mentioned potential agreements with Elon Musk and Larry Ellison, expressing openness to their bids to acquire TikTok. Ellison commented that it sounded like a “good deal.” Trump stated that TikTok would be allowed to operate in the US with 50% American ownership and a valuation of $1 trillion.

Despite TikTok returning online after temporary shutdown, its future in the US remains uncertain. The app faces a deadline of January 19 due to a requirement for the sale of its American division by its Chinese parent company, ByteDance.

President Trump issued an executive order halting enforcement of the sale requirement, providing assurances for TikTok’s operation. Some lawmakers question the legality of suspending the law, warning of potential consequences for businesses not complying.

TikTok, Google, and Apple have been approached for comments.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Trump Reveals $500 Billion Partnership in Artificial Intelligence with OpenAI, Oracle, and SoftBank

Donald Trump has initiated what he refers to as “the largest AI infrastructure project in history,” a $500 billion collaboration involving OpenAI, Oracle, and SoftBank, with the goal of establishing a network of data centers throughout the United States.

The newly formed partnership, named Stargate, will construct the necessary data centers and computing infrastructure to propel the advancement of artificial intelligence. Trump stated that over 100,000 individuals will be deployed “almost immediately” as part of this initiative, emphasizing the objective of creating jobs in America.

This announcement signifies one of Trump’s initial significant business moves since his return to office, as the U.S. seeks new strategies to maintain its AI superiority over China. The announcement was made during an event attended by Mr. Ellison, Softbank’s Masayoshi Son, Open AI’s Sam Altman, and other prominent figures.

President Trump expressed his intention to leverage the state of emergency to promote project development, particularly in the realm of energy infrastructure.

“We need to build this,” declared President Trump. “They require substantial power generation, and we are streamlining the process for them to undertake this production within their own facilities.”

This initiative comes on the heels of President Trump reversing the policies of his predecessor, President Joe Biden. A 100-page executive order signals a significant shift in U.S. AI policy regarding safety standards and content watermarking.

While the investment is substantial, it aligns with broader market projections – financial firm Blackstone has already predicted $1 trillion in U.S. data center investments over a five-year period.

President Trump portrayed the announcement as a vote of confidence in his administration, noting that its timing coincided with his return to power. He stated, “This monumental endeavor serves as a strong statement of belief in America’s potential under new leadership.”

The establishment of Stargate follows a prior announcement by President Trump regarding a $20 billion AI data center investment by UAE-based DAMAC Properties. While locations for the new data centers in the U.S. are under consideration, the project will commence with an initial site in Texas.

Source: www.theguardian.com

Research: Urination in chimpanzees can be contagious

The decision to urinate involves a complex combination of both physiological and social considerations. However, the social aspects of urination remain largely unknown. More specifically, timing urination (i.e., synchrony) and triggering urination by observing similar behavior in others (i.e., social contagion) occur in humans across different cultures. It is thought that it probably occurs in animals other than humans as well. in new paper in diary current biologyScientists have discovered that urination is socially contagious in chimpanzees, one of our closest relatives, measured through more than 600 hours of total outbreak records in 20 captive chimpanzees at Japan's Kumamoto Sanctuary. is reported. Their results suggest that socially contagious urination is an overlooked aspect of social behavior and potentially widespread.

<div id="attachment_102786" style="width: 590px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://cdn.sci.news/images/enlarge12/image_13596e-Chimpanzees.jpg"><img aria-describedby="caption-attachment-102786" class="wp-image-102786 size-full" src="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/01/image_13596-Chimpanzees.jpg" alt="A chimpanzee eats leaves in the Kumamoto Preserve. Image credit: Onishi et al., doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.052." width="580" height="436" srcset="https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/01/image_13596-Chimpanzees.jpg 580w, https://cdn.sci.news/images/2025/01/image_13596-Chimpanzees-300x226.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px"/></a><p id="caption-attachment-102786" class="wp-caption-text">A chimpanzee eats leaves in the Kumamoto Preserve. Image provided by: Onishi <em>others</em>., doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.052.</p></div>
<div>
    <p>"In humans, urinating together can be considered a social phenomenon," said Kyoto University researcher Ena Onishi, lead author of the study.</p>
    <p>There is an Italian proverb that says:<em>People who don&#39;t pee at work are either thieves or spies.</em>&#39;(<em>Chi non piscia in compagnia o è un ladro o è una spia</em>), In Japanese, the act of urinating with another person is called ``.<em>connection</em>""</p>
    <p>"This behavior has been expressed in art across cultures for centuries and continues to appear in modern social contexts."</p>
    <p>"Our study suggests that this phenomenon may have deep evolutionary roots."</p>
    <p>"We found that chimpanzees, our closest relatives, tend to urinate in response to the urination of nearby individuals."</p>
    <p>Researchers decided to study this behavior after noticing that the chimpanzees at the sanctuary seemed to urinate at about the same time.</p>
    <p>It reminded me of human behavior and I thought it might be comparable to a contagious yawn.</p>
    <p>To find out, they recorded the urination behavior of Kumamoto chimpanzees over 600 hours, including 1,328 urination events.</p>
    <p>They analyzed observational data to see if the chimpanzees&#39; pees were significantly synchronized in time.</p>
    <p>They also investigated whether it was influenced by nearby individuals or shaped by social factors.</p>
    <p>The evidence showed that micturition events during observation were significantly more synchronized than would be expected if the chimpanzees simply urinated at random times on each other.</p>
    <p>Physical proximity to the first urinator also increased the likelihood of contagious urination.</p>
    <p>Interestingly, individuals with lower dominance rankings were more likely to pee when others were peeing.</p>
    <p>This finding suggests that urinary patterns are influenced by social class and that behavior tends to flow along dominant structures.</p>
    <p>"We were surprised to find that transmission patterns are influenced by social status," Dr. Onishi said.</p>
    <p>"Since there have been no previous studies of contagious urination in any species, we draw parallels with contagious yawning, another semi-voluntary physiological behavior."</p>
    <p>"Based on this, we initially expected that the social effects might be similar to those seen with yawns, such as stronger contagion between socially close pairs."</p>
    <p>"However, our results showed no evidence of effects related to social intimacy."</p>
    <p>"Instead, we observed a clear effect of social status, with lower status people being more likely to defer to others&#39; urination."</p>
    <p>"This was an unexpected and interesting result because it opens up multiple possibilities of interpretation," said lead author Dr. Shinya Yamamoto, also from Kyoto University.</p>
    <p>"For example, it may reflect covert leadership in synchronizing group activities, strengthening social bonds, or attentional biases between subordinate individuals."</p>
    <p>"These findings raise interesting questions about the social function of this behavior."</p>
    <p><span style="color: #808080;">_____</span></p>
    <p><span style="color: #808080;">Ena Onishi <em>others</em>. 2025. Socially contagious urination in chimpanzees. <em>current biology</em> 35 (2): R58-R59;doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.11.052</span></p>
</div>

Source: www.sci.news

Discovery of Two New Edible Truffle Species in Eastern North America

Two new species of this genus tuber It was discovered with the help of trained truffle hunting dogs.

tuber cumberlandens. Image credit: Saw others., doi: 10.1080/00275514.2024.2407755.

tuber “It is a genus of ectomycorrhizal fungi that produces paragenic fruiting bodies known as truffles,” said lead author Dr. Gregory Bonito of Michigan State University and colleagues.

“Many tuber The seeds are well known for their unique aroma and wide range of culinary uses. ”

“Like many other truffle-forming fungi, tuber The species lost the ability to forcefully release spores into the air and instead relied primarily on fungivores to ingest and distribute the spores. ”

“Mycivores such as porcupines, squirrels, pigs, and humans… tuber Sensitive to volatile compounds produced by truffles. ”

One of two new species, Tuber crable veratumis named after the truffle dog and Monza, the dog who discovered it with trainer Lois Martin.

The other is tuber cumberlandensis named after the Cumberland Plateau where it was discovered by Margaret Townsend and her truffle dog, Luca.

Tuber crable veratum. Image credit: Saw others., doi: 10.1080/00275514.2024.2407755.

“There is a long history of using specially trained dogs, and less frequently pigs, to track the scent of truffles. tuber “In the wild,” the researchers said.

“Truffle hunting dogs are also regularly used for commercial truffle harvesting, as they can find consistently mature truffles faster than other methods such as raking.”

“Raking the soil to find and harvest truffles can have a devastating effect on both the roots and ascus of the plant host.”

“It could also lead to the harvesting of immature truffles.”

“However, a well-trained truffle hunting dog will always find mature truffles, reducing harvest effort and maximizing harvest quality.”

“As such, the use of truffle dogs to harvest commercial truffles has become the standard method used by truffle growers around the world.”

meanwhile Tuber crable veratum It is only known in eastern Tennessee, USA. tuber cumberlandens It has been opportunistically harvested for commercial sale from orchards in eastern North America.

“Historically, attention has been focused on the cultivation and sale of European truffle species, but there is increasing interest in the cultivation, wild harvesting and sale of North American truffle species,” Dr. Bonito added. .

“More and more people are trying their hand at growing truffles, which means more truffle dogs are needed to sniff out these fungal fruits because they grow underground.”

“If you have $20,000 worth of truffles growing underground, you have to find them before they rot. That's why dogs are so important.”

This finding is reported in the following article: paper in diary mycosis.

_____

Arasan Sou others. 2024. tuber cumberlandens and T. cannileveratumtwo new edibles tuber A species of eastern North America discovered by truffle hunting dogs. mycosis 116 (6);doi: 10.1080/00275514.2024.2407755

Source: www.sci.news

Study suggests that a massive flood reclaimed the Mediterranean Sea 5.3 million years ago

A massive flood called the Zanclean Flood ended the Messinian salinity crisis that lasted from 5.97 million to 5.33 million years ago, according to a new study led by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI).

One of the scenarios being discussed for ending the Messinian Salinity Crisis 5.33 million years ago is the catastrophic backfilling of the Mediterranean Sea by the Zanclean Flood. Micallef others. They present clear onshore and offshore evidence that this deluge spilled over a shallow marine corridor in southeastern Sicily into the nearby underwater Noto Gorge. This aerial photo shows a ridge eroded by a major flood, located northeast of Masseria del Volpe, in southeastern Sicily. Image credit: Kevin Sciberras and Neil Petroni.

“The Zanclean Flood is an awe-inspiring natural phenomenon, with flows and velocities that seem dwarfed by any other known flood in Earth’s history,” said the study’s lead author, C.A. said Dr. Aaron Micallef, a research scientist at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute.

“Our study provides the most convincing evidence yet of this unusual event.”

During the Messinian salinity crisis, the Mediterranean Sea was isolated from the Atlantic Ocean and evaporated, creating vast salt deposits that transformed the region’s landscape.

Scientists have long believed that this dry period would gradually end and that the Mediterranean Sea would be reclaimed over 10,000 years.

However, the discovery in 2009 of an eroded channel stretching from the Gulf of Cadiz to the Alboran Sea called this idea into question.

The discovery points to a single major flooding event lasting between two and 16 years, which became known as the Zanclean Flood.

Estimates indicate that the outflow of this megaflood was between 68 and 100 Sverdraps (Sv), where 1 sievert is equivalent to 1 million cubic meters per second.

In their research, Dr. Micallef and his colleagues combined newly discovered geological features with geophysical data and numerical modeling to provide the most comprehensive picture of the megaflood to date. did.

The researchers investigated more than 300 asymmetric streamlined ridges in the corridor across the Sicilian Sil, a submerged land bridge that once separated the western and eastern Mediterranean basins.

“The morphology of these ridges corresponds to erosion by large-scale turbulence, mainly in a north-easterly direction,” said Professor Paul Carling from the University of Southampton.

“They reveal the immense power of the Zanclean Flood and how it changed the landscape and left a lasting mark on the geological record.”

Scientists sampled the ridge and found that it was overlain by a layer of rock debris containing material eroded from the sides of the ridge and surrounding areas. This indicates that it was deposited there rapidly and with great force.

This layer lies right on the boundary between the Messinian and Zanclean periods, where the Great Flood is thought to have occurred.

Using seismic reflection data, a type of geological ultrasound that allows scientists to see layers of rock and sediment beneath the Earth’s surface, the authors found a “W-shaped” shape on the continental shelf east of Sicily’s Sill. discovered a waterway.

This channel, dug into the ocean floor, connects the ridge to the Noto Gorge, a deep underwater canyon located in the eastern Mediterranean.

The shape and location of the channel suggest that it functioned like a giant funnel.

When the mega-flood flowed into Sicily’s Sill, this channel is thought to have carried the water towards the Noto Valley and into the eastern Mediterranean.

The research team developed a computer model of the flood to simulate how the water behaved.

The model shows that floodwaters change direction and increase their strength over time, reaching speeds of up to 32 meters per second (72 miles per hour), carving deeper channels, eroding more material, and increasing their length. This suggests that they may have been transported over long distances.

“These discoveries not only reveal a critical moment in Earth’s geological history, but also prove that landforms persist for five million years,” Dr. Micallef said.

“This opens the door to further research on the Mediterranean coast.”

of study Published in a magazine Communication Earth and Environment.

_____

A. Micallef others. 2024. Land-to-sea indicators of the Zanclean Flood. common global environment 5,794;doi: 10.1038/s43247-024-01972-w

Source: www.sci.news

Winds on the alien planet reach speeds of 33,000 kilometers per hour

Artist’s visualization of the gas giant WASP-127b

ESO/L.Calzada

The vast alien planet has fierce winds blowing around its equator at nearly 30 times the speed of sound on Earth.

Lisa Nortman He and his colleagues at the University of Göttingen in Germany used the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope in Chile to observe WASP-127b, a gas giant exoplanet more than 500 light-years from Earth. Although slightly larger than Jupiter, it is one of the least dense planets we know of.

The researchers expected the light signal from the planet’s atmosphere to have one distinct peak, but instead they found two distinct peaks.

“It was a little confusing,” Nortman says. “But when we analyzed the data a little more carefully, it became clear that there were two signals. I was very excited – my first thought was that it must be some kind of super-rotating wind. I thought that right away.”

The researchers concluded that the two mountains were caused by rapid winds from the jet stream near the equator, with half of the wind moving toward Earth and the other half moving away from it. The wind appears to be made up of water and carbon monoxide, and appears to be moving at 33,000 kilometers per hour, the fastest wind ever measured on Earth.

“We’re talking about nine kilometers per second. Even Jupiter’s wind speeds are on the order of a few hundred meters per second, so this is actually an order of magnitude bigger.” vivian parmentier at Oxford University.

He says that if you were in this wind, you wouldn’t be able to feel such extreme speeds because it would be moving around you at the same speed. But because the wind moves from the hot side of the Earth, which is always facing the star, to the cold side, which is always in darkness, you will experience a temperature difference of several hundred degrees in a few hours.

Researchers don’t know why WASP-127b has such extreme winds, but Nortman said the planet has certain peculiarities, including a low density and an unstable orbit around its star. It is said that there are certain characteristics that may play a role. “However, no clear connection has been established between those facts and particularly strong winds.”

topic:

Source: www.newscientist.com

After US Withdraws from Paris Agreement, What Comes Next for Global Climate Action?

Donald Trump holds executive order announcing the US withdrawal from the Paris Agreement

Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images

On January 20, a crowd at a stadium in Washington, D.C., erupted in cheers as U.S. President Donald Trump signed an order pulling the United States out of the Paris climate accord on stage. of order He said the move was to prioritize “America first.” But environmental groups condemned the decision, saying that withdrawing the world's second-largest greenhouse gas emitter from the agreement would simultaneously cede U.S. influence in international negotiations to rival clean energy giant China. , argued that it would make climate change even worse.

“This is an issue where the United States and the Trump administration are shooting themselves in the foot,” he says. David Waskow at the World Resources Institute, a global environmental nonprofit organization. “That would be ignoring the United States.”

This is the second time President Trump has withdrawn the United States from the Paris Agreement. The Paris Agreement is a landmark agreement reached in 2015 to limit global warming to less than 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial averages. It took three years for the initial withdrawal in 2017 to be formalized under UN treaty provisions, and the US only left for a few months before former President Joe Biden rejoined the country in 2021.

The deal now requires a year for withdrawal to be formally recognized, at which point the U.S. will be the only major economy not part of the deal. Other countries that have not signed are Libya, Yemen and Iran.

“This is definitely not good news for international climate action,” he says. Li Shuo At the Asian Social Policy Institute in Washington, DC. Unlike the United States' first withdrawal, this second withdrawal came at a time when the country's ambitious emissions reduction ambitions were already facing geopolitical, social, and economic obstacles. he says. Last year saw record levels of global emissions, while average global temperatures rose above 1.5°C for the first time.

A U.S. withdrawal would leave the country with no leverage to drive further emissions cuts, potentially creating an excuse for countries around the world to scale back efforts to tackle climate change. “The momentum of climate change around the world was declining even before President Trump was elected,” Lee said.

But Waskow said the U.S. withdrawal does not mean “the bottom has dropped” in global climate action. Countries responsible for more than 90 percent of global emissions are still committed to the Paris Agreement. Wind and solar energy, electric vehicles, batteries and other clean technologies also play a much bigger role in the global economy now than they did when the U.S. first left, he said.

“The rest of the world is also transitioning to clean energy,” he says. Manish Bapna at the Natural Resources Defense Council, a U.S. environmental advocacy group. “This doesn't stop that transition, it slows it down.” But it raises questions about what role the U.S. will play in shaping that future, he says.

Looming is China, which controls many of the key clean energy industries, from solar panels to batteries, and is increasingly exporting its technology to the rest of the world. “The United States would not only be ceding influence over how those markets are formed, but also the duration of those markets,” Waskow said. “I don't think other countries think of the United States first when they think about who they should engage with.”

The global retreat from climate action also comes as the new Trump administration moved quickly to reverse, abandon, or block the policies of its predecessor in a flurry of executive orders issued on its first day in office. These include banning federal permits for wind energy and reversing policies introduced by Mr. Biden to promote electric vehicles. Other plans aim to expand fossil fuel development on federal lands, coastal waters and Alaska and increase natural gas exports to settle further orders. I declare It's a “national energy emergency.” “We train, baby, we train,” he said in his inaugural address.

topic:

Source: www.newscientist.com

The strategies used by 9 sleep researchers to achieve optimal rest

Strategic naps can help you recover from sleep deprivation

Jean Gaumi/Magnum Photo

Sleep researchers devote their careers to understanding how and why we sleep. So what do they do to get a better night’s rest?

It may be comforting to know that even experts don’t always practice what they preach. “I think you’ll find that a lot of sleep researchers are terrible at sleep,” he says. Malcolm von Schantz At Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

This article is part of a special series exploring important questions about sleep. Click here for details.

But what many of them agree on is that consistency is key. Here’s what else they had to say:

make a plan

“It’s all about prioritization and planning. For example, I’m a night owl and like to go to bed late and wake up late, so I try not to have meetings before 10am. I’m thinking ahead about the timing of my daily rhythm in terms of what works best for me and how I can adjust my schedule to support that.”

stephen lockleytime shifter

control the lighting

“We keep the lights in our house pretty dim when the sun goes down, turn on as many indoor lights as possible in the morning, and make sure to open the blinds to let some sunlight into the house as soon as the sun goes down. I think it’s really important to minimize night light and maximize morning light.

christopher depnerUniversity of Utah

keep cool

“Sleep science is about how your body [temperature] I need to drop my degree completely…

Source: www.newscientist.com

Monitoring recurring rapid radio bursts at the edge of a stationary elliptical galaxy

The source of the newly detected fast radio burst, FRB 20240209A, is located 2 billion light-years from Earth, on the remote outskirts of an ancient elliptical galaxy with a mass of more than 100 billion solar masses. The remnants of young stars that theorists believe would generate such bursts of radio waves should have long died out in this 11.3 billion-year-old galaxy are detailed in two supplementary studies. Astrophysics Journal Letter this discovery shatters the assumption that fast radio bursts emanate only from regions of active star formation.



Gemini image showing the host galaxy (cyan crosshair) and local ellipse of FRB 20240209A. Image credit: Shah others., doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ad9ddc.

“The conventional wisdom is that fast radio bursts (FRBs) originate from magnetars formed by collapsing supernovae,” said Taraneh Eftekari, an astronomer at Northwestern University.

“That doesn’t seem to be the case here. Young, massive stars die out as core-collapse supernovae, but we see no evidence of young stars in this galaxy.”

“Thanks to this new discovery, it is becoming clear that not all Feds are born from young stars.”

“Perhaps there is a subpopulation of FRBs associated with older systems.”

“This new FRB shows that just when we think we understand an astrophysical phenomenon, the universe can turn around and surprise us,” added Wen-Fai Feng, an astronomer at Northwestern University. Ta.

“This ‘dialogue’ with the universe is what makes our field of time-domain astronomy so incredibly thrilling.”

FRB 20240209A was discovered by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) in February 2024.

FRBs are short, powerful bursts of radio waves that flare up and disappear within milliseconds, producing more energy in one quick burst than the sun emits in a year.

However, FRB 20240209A flared up multiple times. During the first burst from February to July 2024, the same source produced 21 additional pulses.

After the research team located the FRB, astronomers quickly used telescopes at W.M. Keck and Gemini Observatories to study the environment surrounding the event.

Surprisingly, rather than discovering young galaxies, these observations revealed that the FRB’s origin lies 2 billion light-years from Earth, at the edge of a neighboring galaxy 11.3 billion years ago.

To learn more about this unusual host galaxy, the researchers used high-performance computers to run simulations.

They discovered that this galaxy is extremely bright and incredibly huge – 100 billion times the mass of our Sun.

“This appears to be the most massive FRB host galaxy ever. It’s one of the most massive galaxies out there,” Dr. Eftekari said.

Although most FRBs occur inside galaxies, the authors tracked FRB 20240209A to the outskirts of its homeworld, 130,000 light-years away from the galaxy’s center, where there are few other stars.

“Of all the FRB populations, this FRB is the furthest from the center of its host galaxy,” said Vishwangi Shah, a graduate student at McGill University.

“This is both surprising and interesting because FRBs are expected to occur inside galaxies, often in star-forming regions.”

“The location of this FRB so far outside its host galaxy raises the question of how such an energetic event could occur in a region where new stars are not forming.”

According to the research team, FRB 20240209A likely originated within a dense globular cluster.

Such clusters are promising sites for magnetars that may have formed through other mechanisms, such as the merger of two neutron stars or the collapse of a white dwarf star under its own gravity, or in conjunction with older stars.

“The globular cluster origin of this repeating FRB is the most likely scenario explaining why this FRB is located outside of its host galaxy,” Shah said.

“Although we do not know for a fact whether there is a globular cluster at the FRB’s location, we have submitted a proposal to use NASA/ESA/CSA’s James Webb Space Telescope for follow-up observations of the FRB’s location.”

“If so, this FRB would be only the second FRB known to exist within a globular cluster. If not, consider other exotic scenarios for the origin of FRBs. You will need to.”

“It’s clear that there is still a lot of interesting discovery to be made about the Fed, and that its environment may hold the key to unlocking its secrets,” Dr. Eftekari said.

_____

T. Eftekari others. 2025. A huge, stationary elliptical main galaxy that repeats high-speed radio bursts FRB 20240209A. APJL in press. arXiv: 2410.23336

Vishwangi Shah others. 2025. A source of high-speed radio bursts that repeat on the outskirts of a quiet galaxy. APJL 979, L21; doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ad9ddc

Source: www.sci.news

The Hills of Sicily were Submerged 40 Meters Below Water During the Great Flood.

A ridge in southeastern Sicily eroded by the Great Flood

Kevin Sciberras and Neil Petroni

The jumbled deposits of rocks found on a hilltop in southeastern Sicily are left behind by the Great Flood, the largest known flood in Earth's history, which refilled the Mediterranean Sea five million years ago.

Rock deposits and eroded hills in this part of the Italian island of Sicily are the first evidence found on land of a mega-flood, scientists say. pole curling at the University of Southampton, UK. “You can actually walk around and look at it,” Carling said.

About 6 million years ago, during the so-called Messinian salinity crisis, the Mediterranean Sea separated from the Atlantic Ocean and began to dry up. Vast salt deposits were formed during this period, and sea levels may have fallen by more than a kilometer.

About 5.3 million years ago, water once again began to flow through the Strait of Gibraltar into the Mediterranean Sea. Researchers initially thought the giant waterfall near Gibraltar had been reclaimed over tens of thousands of years.

But in 2009, a massively eroded channel was discovered at the bottom of the strait, suggesting more sudden deluges could occur. Since then, this evidence has continued to grow.

Carling said the flood first filled the western basin of the Mediterranean Sea. The eroded topography of the ocean floor suggests that it then spilled into the eastern basin over an underwater ridge known as the Sicilian Sill.

team members Giovanni Barreca The professor at the University of Catania in Italy, who grew up in southeastern Sicily, suspected that the land there was also formed by the Great Flood. So he and his fellow researchers took a closer look at the rock samples and analyzed them.

Sure enough, we found that the intricate deposits near the tops of some hills contained rocks that had been eroded from deeper layers and somehow transported to the top of the hills. “You can tell by their nature that they come from a lower level,” Carling says. “And they were carried over this hill.”

Many of the hills themselves have a streamlined shape, resembling the hills of Montana carved out by the great floods caused by the bursting of ice dams at the end of the last ice age. “They're very distinctive,” Carling says. “And only a very large, massive flood could streamline a feature of this magnitude.”

Detail of a Sicilian ridge formed by a huge flood

Daniel Garcia Castellanos

The researchers estimated that at the peak of the flood, water was flowing at about 115 kilometers per hour, covering the top of the hill, which is about 100 meters above modern sea level, with about 40 meters of water.

Researchers also investigated the ocean floor around Sicily and found further evidence of the deluge, including eroded ridges and channels. Their modeling suggested that the entire Mediterranean Sea was backfilled between two and 16 years, but the main flooding event in Sicily probably lasted only a few days, Carling said.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

GLP-1 medications like Ozempic and Wegovy lower susceptibility to 42 illnesses

Semaglutide and other GLP-1 agonists are injected

Yulia Burmystrova/Getty Images

Drugs like Ozempic and Wigovy, called GLP-1 agonists, offer more benefits than risks when taken for their approved uses, according to a comprehensive analysis of their effects on 175 conditions. However, the same may not be true for people who are taking the drug for other purposes.

“In this new area of ​​GLP-1, we wanted to really map the benefits and risks for all the conditions that we thought were relevant,” he says. Jiyad Al Ali at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri.

These drugs are best known for helping control type 2 diabetes and treating obesity. They mimic the hormone GLP-1 in the body, which lowers blood sugar levels and keeps you feeling full for longer.

Dozens of studies suggest that GLP-1 agonists may also reduce the risk of many other conditions, from heart disease to dementia to substance use disorders. These studies have involved hundreds or thousands of people and have focused on one or a few symptoms at a time, but now that millions of people are using the drug, they are much more This means that less frequent effects can be investigated, Al Ali said.

To get a more comprehensive picture, he and his colleagues examined the health records of more than 200,000 diabetic patients who took GLP-1 agonists over a four-year period in addition to standard treatment. They also looked at 1.2 million people with diabetes who received only standard treatment over the same time period and assessed both groups' risk of developing 175 different health conditions.

The research team found that people who took GLP-1 agonists had a lower risk of 42 diseases. For example, the risk of heart attack was reduced by 9% and the risk of dementia was reduced by 8%. The probability that this group would suffer from suicidal ideation or substance use disorders such as alcohol or opioid addiction was also approximately decreased by 1/10. .

However, there were also downsides for people taking GLP-1 drugs. They were more likely to experience known side effects, such as nausea and vomiting, as well as previously undescribed side effects. These include a 15% higher risk of kidney stones and more than double the risk of pancreatic inflammation or drug-induced pancreatitis. In total, 19 conditions were at increased risk, but taking GLP-1 drugs had no significant effect on risk levels for most of the conditions evaluated, including bronchitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Ta.

The fact that these drugs affect such a wide range of symptoms remains surprising, but it is unclear exactly why they have this effect. “They're reducing obesity, which is the root of all disease. If you treat obesity, the heart, kidneys, brain, and everywhere else will benefit later,” Al-Aly said. They also reduce inflammation, which commonly damages organs, and appear to target parts of the brain associated with addiction, he says.

One problem with this analysis is that the research team did not report the actual number of people affected by each condition, making the results difficult to interpret. Daniel Drucker from the University of Toronto and has worked with obesity drug companies. Reducing the risk of common conditions such as heart attacks and dementia is probably worth taking seriously, but the association with rare conditions like pancreatitis is so small that the risk is low for most people. He says it's unlikely. Al-Aly said the research team plans to publish specific numbers of cases in future studies.

Overall, this study provides reassurance that the benefits of GLP-1 agonists outweigh the risks, at least for patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity. “There are no red flags with this group,” he says. stefan trapp He is a professor at University College London and has worked with obesity drug companies.

However, the situation may be different for people who do not have these conditions, such as people who are not obese and buy drugs to lose weight. “I don't know if the benefits outweigh the risks,” Drucker said.

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Source: www.newscientist.com

Reclaim Your Rest and Settle Your Sleep Debt

Paul Brigginshaw/Millennium Images, UK

What's the difference between time spent in bed and bank balance? No, this isn't the start of a terrible joke – and the answer isn't as simple as you think.

We all have the odd occasion where we stay up too late and don't get enough sleep. Think of it like splurging on an expensive dinner. I probably shouldn't, but I hope it doesn't hurt my bank balance too much.

This article is part of a special series exploring important questions about sleep. Click here for details.

However, not getting enough sleep on a regular basis is a problem for many people, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports: One-third of adults spend less than 7 hours a night – Sleep debt can accumulate and have serious implications for your physical and mental health (see Why your chronotype is key to knowing how much sleep you need). Just like paying off a financial debt, getting your sleep back requires a plan.

Part of the problem is that we may not realize how much sleep debt we have and how negatively it is affecting us. in one studyFor example, participants were randomly selected to work 4, 6, or 8 hours per night for 14 consecutive days. Ultimately, those who slept less than six hours showed cognitive impairments equivalent to up to two full nights of no sleep. However, even though they felt unwell after a few days, from then on, those who underwent sleep restriction did not necessarily realize that their cognitive performance continued to decline. “A tired brain cannot recognize how tired it is.” Russell Foster,a…

Source: www.newscientist.com

A New Book Explores the Mystery of the Space Bermuda Triangle


dry january

An estimated 15% of American adults (260 million people) and 9 million Britons participated in last year’s Dry January. And recent scientific discoveries show that just one month of abstaining from alcohol can have many lasting benefits. Here’s what you can expect, including a timeline of the changes you’ll experience after a year of sobriety.

Search for dark matter

Neutrinos themselves are elusive, but they are beginning to disrupt the search for dark matter. They appear where they are not wanted…and no amount of rock can prevent them.

How Ozempic will change the world

This weight loss drug revolutionized the health industry, breaking sales records and making headlines around the world. Obesity rates in the United States have fallen by 2 percent since the drug was introduced, and that trend shows no signs of slowing down.

invisible

The urge to be invisible goes back a long way. Hunters and soldiers have been finding ways to camouflage themselves for centuries, but scientists are inching closer to making things truly invisible. Using new materials and technologies, we can hide ourselves from sensors…and soon we will be able to hide ourselves from human eyes.

plus

  • How to make your New Year’s resolutions last:Why so many New Year’s resolutions fail…and how to make positive new habits stick forever.
  • Best coffee machines for making perfect homemade coffee: Want to take your morning wake-up juice to the next level?Tech expert Alex Hughes puts your taste buds to the test with the cups of five coffee machines.
  • Q&A:Your questions answered! This month: How can I shake off the January blues? Is the cat liquid? What is Tally Monster? How can I burn more calories while walking? What happens (to my body) when I quit vaping? Why can’t I lose weight when I drink alcohol? How can I see Jupiter?

No. 415 Released on Tuesday, January 21, 2025

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don’t forget thatBBC Science FocusAlso available on all major digital platforms. There is a version ofandroid,Kindle Fire and Kindle e-readers,but also,iOS appFor iPad and iPhone.

Source: www.sciencefocus.com

Scientifically Determining Which Child Is Most Likely to Be the Favorite of Their Parents

Have you ever glanced around the dinner table and pondered about your parents’ favorite among your siblings? If you’re the youngest, you might want to look away.

A recent meta-analysis published in the Psychology Bulletin reveals that eldest daughters tend to receive preferential treatment from their parents.

Researchers examined 30 peer-reviewed journal articles and 14 databases, involving 19,469 participants, to explore how birth order, gender, temperament, and personality traits impact parental favoritism. The study showed that both mothers and fathers more often favored their daughters as compared to sons.

In terms of birth order, older siblings tended to receive more autonomy, which was viewed as preferential treatment. This favoritism was also evident in the amount of money spent on children and the level of control exerted by parents.

Children who exhibited responsible and organized traits were also more likely to be favored by their parents, indicating that parents may find them easier to manage and respond positively to.

Both mothers and fathers were more likely to favor their daughters over their sons. – Photo credit: Getty

“Parental differential treatment can have long-lasting effects on children,” stated lead author Dr. Alexander Jensen, an Associate Professor at Brigham Young University, USA.

“This study sheds light on which children are more susceptible to the impacts of favoritism, whether positive or negative.”

Jensen and his team also discovered that siblings receiving less favorable treatment often had poorer mental health and strained family relationships.

“It’s worth noting that this study is correlational and doesn’t explain why parents favor certain children,” Jensen added. “However, it does highlight areas where parents may need to be more mindful of their interactions with their children.”

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Source: www.sciencefocus.com

President Trump signs executive order lifting ban on TikTok in the US | Trump administration

President Donald Trump has signed an executive order suspending sales of Chinese-owned social media platform TikTok, as mandated by a law passed in the United States last year.

Trump’s order was part of a series of actions he took on his first day back in the White House. The order instructed President Trump’s attorney general to hold off on enforcing a law that would require the sale or closure of major social media apps in the U.S. for 75 days.

The moratorium allows for a careful consideration of the next steps in a way that protects national security and avoids an abrupt shutdown of platforms used by millions of Americans.

Additionally, the order directs the Department of Justice to inform other tech giants like Apple, Google, and Oracle, who have ties to TikTok, that they will not be penalized for any actions during this period.

When asked about the purpose of the TikTok executive order, President Trump stated that it gives the government the option to sell or shut down the platform, but a decision on the course of action has not been made yet.

Critics of the video-sharing platform argue that it poses a security threat because it is owned by ByteDance, a company with ties to the Chinese government. They fear that the personal information of U.S. users could be used for malicious purposes.

During his presidency, Trump had previously criticized TikTok for these reasons and attempted to ban it. However, he has since shifted his stance due to various factors, including his popularity on the platform and the views of TikTok investor Jeff Yass.

Despite Trump’s change in position, Congressional Republicans have remained firm, and under bipartisan legislation signed by President Biden, TikTok was required to sell its assets to a U.S.-based company by January 19, with a possible 90-day extension for the sale process.”

Plans to sell TikTok have not been confirmed, but there is interest from figures like Frank McCourt and Kevin O’Leary. The U.S. Supreme Court has been involved in the matter, and despite objections from free speech advocates, the law remains in effect.

Trump’s court filing emphasizes his unique ability to negotiate a solution that addresses national security concerns while preserving the platform, but experts question the effectiveness of his approach.

Alan Rosenstein, a former National Security Adviser, dismissed the executive order as merely a symbolic gesture and stated that TikTok would likely remain banned despite Trump’s intentions.

Source: www.theguardian.com